名词变复数讲解与练习（专项训练）-2024-2025学年人教PEP版（2012）英语六年级下册

名词单数变复数 (专项训练) 2025年 小升初暑假专项提升 人教（PEP版） 1、 可数名词的复数形式 (一)规则变化 1.名词单数变复数，直接加-s 占多数; book-books; pen-pens; apple-apples ※s, x, z, ch, sh来结尾，直接加上-es; bus-buses; box-boxes; watch-watch dish-dishes; dress-dresses; buzz-buzzes; watch-watches; brush-brushes 2.词尾是f或fe，去掉f或fe再加上ves; 口诀:妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌;躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。/半片树叶自己黄，妻子拿刀去套狼，架后小偷逃命亡。 ①wife-wives; knife-knives; wolf-wolves ②thief-thieves ③shelf-shelves; self-selves; life-lives ④half-halves; leaf-leaves 3.辅音+y在词尾，y变i 加-es 元音：A E I O U 半元音：Y 辅音：剩下的 study-studies; baby-babies; city-cities 4.元音+y 在词尾，只加s就足够 boy-boys; day-days; monkey-monkeys 5.词尾字母若是 o，四个-es请记好， 黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿。 negro-negroes; hero-heroes; potato-potatoes; tomato-tomatoes 其余o结尾的词加 s， photo-photos; piano-pianos; kangaroo-kangaroos 6. 复合名词变复数，一般后面一个变复数，但是碰见 man，woman复合词，两个都要变复数。/复合名词变复数，前者不变后者变。男人女人若出现，前者后者都要变。 如:grown-up-grown-ups(成年人) apple tree-apple trees(苹果树) man doctor-men doctors(男医生) woman teacher-women teachers(女老师) (二)不规则变化 男人女人a变e，鹅足牙oo 变ee; man-men; woman-women; goose-geese; foot-feet; tooth-teeth 老鼠虱子也好记，ouse变ice; mouse-mice; louse-lice 孩子加上ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变 child-children; fish-fish; deer-deer; sheep-sheep man (男人) -men; woman(女人)-women; 含有man, woman的合成词，其复数是把a变成e. 如: policewoman; postman; fisherman 等。 (三)“某国人”复数 口诀:中日不变，英法变，其余s加后面。 ①“中日不变”指:Chinese(中国人)，Japanese(日本人)的复数是其本身。 ②“英法变”指:英国人和法国人的复数须把a改为e. Frenchman(法国男人)-Frenchmen Frenchwoman(法国女人)-Frenchwomen Englishman(英国男人)-Englishmen Englishwoman(英国女人)-Englishwomen ③“其余-s加后面”指:除了上面几个词外须加s. German(德国人)-Germans American(美国人)-Americans 二、不可数名词 不可数名词一般没有复数形式，不能与a/an或表示具体数量的词直接连用。这些名词前往往加some(一些)，any(任何，一些)，no(没有),a little(少许)等词。常见的不可数名词有: 饮料类:water, milk, orange, tea, coffee, juice 食物类:food, bread, cheese, rice, soup 肉类:meat, pork, fish, beef, duck, chicken, 其它:news(新闻、消息),information(信息),work (工作),weather(天气),homework(家庭作业),money(钱),time(时间)等。 可数名词量的表达:“数词+名词+of+不可数名词”。需要注意的是，如果数词大于1时，量词要变为复数形式，不可数名词不能加s.如: four bottles of orange/milk四瓶桔汁/牛奶; five glasses of water五杯水; nine bowls of rice九碗米饭; a cup of tea一杯茶 三、可数名词与不可数名词用法对比 可数名词 不可数名词 1.有单数和复数形式 1.只有单数形式 2.可以直接用a/an或数词来修饰 2. 不能用a/an或数词修饰 3.可以用some, any, few, a few, many, a lot of来修饰可数名词复数 3.可以用some, any, little, much, a lot of, 来修饰不可数名词 4.提问数量用how many 4.提问数量用how much 5.单个可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数；多个单数名词或复数名词做主语，谓语动词用复数 5.不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数；但不可数名词前有复数名词短语修饰时，谓语动词用复数 练习题 一、规则变化 1、直接加-s. book tree horse day boy car 2、以 s,x, ch, sh 结尾的加es. dress bus fox box watch branch sandwich peach dish 3、以辅音字母+y结尾的，改y为i再加es. city country diary strawberry baby family 4.以O结尾的，有生命的加es，无生命的直接加s zoo photo piano radio piano video 特殊巧记:黑人英雄爱吃马铃薯、西红柿和芒果 negro 黑人 hero英雄 potato 铃薯 tomato 西红柿 mango 芒果 5、以f或者 fe 结尾的词，改f为 v,再加es. 巧记:小偷 thief 的妻子 wife,在她一生 life 中,用2 把小刀 knife 和 3 片树叶 leaf杀死了 7 匹狼 wolf，并把它们砍成两半half，藏在了架子shelf 后 thief life knife leaf wolf half shelf 二、不规则变化 ①含 man 的名词，一般变 man为 men。 man woman policeman policewoman Englishman Frenchman ②将 oo 改为ee 的有: 脚foot→feet,牙齿 tooth→teeth,鹅goose→geese 等 tooth foot goose ③复数以 en 结尾的有:儿童child→children,公牛 ox→oxen 等 ④单复同形 中国人Chinese 日本人Japanese 鹿deer---deer 羊sheep---sheep 鱼fish---fish means 都是单复数同形的单词 ⑤常用特殊不规则词: this that am/is 老鼠 mouse mice ⑥有些词本身就是复数。如:人民people 警察police 短裤shorts 长裤pants trousers 眼镜glasses 牛仔裤jeans 剪刀scissors ⑦有些名词虽然以s结尾，但是单数形式。如:数学maths、(政治学)politics(政治学)物理physics 新闻news 三，写出下列名词的复数形式 1. apple 9. teacher 17.box 2. map 10.leaf 18.sheep 3. book 11.tomato 19. hair 4.pen 12. dress 20.knife 5. baby 13.bear 21.boy 6. foot 14. people 22.man 7.watch 15.photo 23. house 8.strawberry 16.family 24.child 四、用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空。 1.There are nine (chair) in the classroom. 2.These (tomato) are red. 3.My brother sees two (baby). 4. My father likes to eat (potato). 5.Chinese (people)like to eat noodles. 6.1 have many (toy) in my bedroom. 7.1 help my mother wash (dish) in the kitchen. 8.1 have two (photo). 9.There are some (bus)in the street. 10.Fido has four________(foot). 11.Lucy has three (picture). 12.There are some (child) in the garden. 13.My teachers are_ (man). 14.Tom and Mike are (boy). 15.I have two (knife) 16.There are many here. (box) 17.There are many on the road. (flower) 18.Do you want some (milk)? 19.My sister gets some (sandwich). 20.How many (sheep) are there on the hill? 练习题答案 一、规则变化 1、直接加-s. book books tree trees horse horses day days boy boys car cars 2、以 s,x, ch, sh 结尾的加es. dress dresses bus buses fox foxes box boxes watch watches branch branches sandwich sandwiches peach peaches dish dishes 3、以辅音字母+y结尾的，改y为i再加es. city cities country counties diary diaries strawberry strawberries baby babies family families 4.以O结尾的，有生命的加es，无生命的直接加s zoo zoos photo photos piano pianos radio radios piano pianos video videos 特殊巧记:黑人英雄爱吃马铃薯、西红柿和芒果 negro 黑人 negroes hero英雄 heroes potato 马铃薯 potatoes tomato 西红柿 tomatoes mango 芒果 mangoes 5、以f或者 fe 结尾的词，改f为 v,再加es. 巧记:小偷 thief 的妻子 wife,在她一生 life 中,用2 把小刀 knife 和 3 片树叶 leaf杀死了 7 匹狼 wolf，并把它们砍成两半half，藏在了架子shelf 后 thief thieves life lives knife knives leaf leaves wolf wolves half halves shelf shelves 二、不规则变化 ①含 man 的名词，一般变 man为 men。 man men woman women policeman policemen Policewoman policewomen Englishman Englishmen Frenchman Frenchmen ②将 oo 改为ee 的有: 脚foot→feet,牙齿 tooth→teeth,鹅goose→geese 等 tooth teeth foot feet goose geese ③复数以 en 结尾的有:儿童child→children,公牛 ox→oxen 等 ④单复同形 中国人Chinese 日本人Japanese 鹿deer---deer 羊sheep---sheep 鱼fish---fish means 都是单复数同形的单词 ⑤常用特殊不规则词: this these that those am/is are 老鼠 mouse mice ⑥有些词本身就是复数。如:人民people 警察police 短裤shorts 长裤pants trousers 眼镜glasses 牛仔裤jeans 剪刀scissors ⑦有些名词虽然以s结尾，但是单数形式。如:数学maths、(政治学)politics(政治学)物理physics 新闻news 三，写出下列名词的复数形式 1. apple apples 9. teacher teachers 17.box boxes 2. map maps 10.leaf leaves 18.sheep sheep 3. book books 11.tomato tomatoes 19. hair hairs 4.pen pens 12. dress dresses 20.knife knives 5. baby babies 13.bear bears 21.boy boys 6. foot feet 14. people people 22.man men 7.watch watches 15.photo photos 23. house houses 8.strawberry strawberries 16.family families 24.child children 四、用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空。 1.There are nine chairs (chair) in the classroom. 2.These tomatoes (tomato) are red. 3.My brother sees two babies (baby). 4. My father likes to eat potatoes (potato). 5.Chinese people (people)like to eat noodles. 6.1 have many toys (toy) in my bedroom. 7.1 help my mother wash dishes (dish) in the kitchen. 8.1 have two photos (photo). 9.There are some buses (bus)in the street. 10.Fido has four feet (foot). 11.Lucy has three pictures (picture). 12.There are some children (child) in the garden. 13.My teachers are men (man). 14.Tom and Mike are boys (boy). 15.I have two knives (knife) 16.There are many boxes here. (box) 17.There are many flowers on the road. (flower) 18.Do you want some milk (milk)? 19.My sister gets some sandwiches (sandwich). 20.How many sheep (sheep) are there on the hill? 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$