专题15 定语从句五大要点归纳（讲义）-河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》（2020年版）及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本清单共两部分：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第15个专题，内容为定语从句。 2026年河北省对口升学一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题15 定语从句（讲+练） 【考点解读】 考点 内容解读 河北省近五年对口升学考试统计(题号) 2019 年 2020年 2021年 2022 年 2023年 2024年 2025年样卷 定语从句 关系代词 (22) (24) (21) (20) (25) (23) — 关系副词 —— — — — — — (21) 从河北省近几年对口升学考试情况统计来看，对定语从句的考查主要集中在关系代词和关系副词的辨析与选择上。思维导图 定语从句的概念及相关术语 (一)定语从句的概念 定语从句指在主从复合句中充当定语的句子。 (二)先行词 先行词指被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 (三)关系词 关系词指连接主句和定语从句的代词或副词。关系词在从句中充当一定的句子成分。 关系代词有 who, whom, which, that, whose;关系副词有 when, where, why。 【知识点清单一】关系代词引导的定语从句 【要点精讲】 关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语等成分。当关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略。 关系代词 先行词所指 在句中成分 例句 that 人/物 主、宾、表 The man that is reading a book is my father. 正在读书的那个人是我爸爸。 The coat that I put on the desk is blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。 which 物 主、宾、表 I like to see the films which are directed by him. 我喜欢看他导演的电影。 who 人 主、宾、表 Do you know the girl who is talking to our English teacher?你认识正在和我们英语老师说话的那个女孩吗? whom 人 宾 The woman whom I wanted to see had already left. 我想见的那位女士已经离开了。 whose 人/物 定 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他的一个朋友的父亲是医生。 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.这个门破了的教室很快会被修好。 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常由“介词+关系代词”引导。 (一)含有介词的短语动词 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如look for，look after, take care of等。 如: This is the bag which I am looking for. 这正是我正在寻找的那个包。 (二)若介词放在关系代词前面 先行词是人,用“介词+ whom”;先行词是物,用“介词+ which”。 The boy with whom you talked just now is my friend. 刚才和你聊天的男孩是我朋友。 (三)代词/数词+介词+关系代词 He loves his daughters deeply, both of whom are very excellent. 他很爱他的女儿们，两个女儿都非常优秀。 China has a lot of islands, one of which is Hainan Island. 中国有许多岛屿，海南岛是其中之一。 【即时训练】 1．Is this book ________ you bought the other day ? A．that B．where C．the one D．which 2．— It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house ________ has a lot of new furniture in it. — Thank you. I’ll take your advice. A．that B．where C．in which D．who 3．We all like the way ________ he taught us. A．that B．which C．in that D．what 4．China is a country ________ is rich in natural resources. A．why B．whose C．which D．where 5．This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A．what B．who C．which D．whom 6．The park ________ we played football in is the same one ________ our sports meeting was held last year. A．where; which B．which; which C．where; where D．which; where 7．Do you know the woman ________ is talking with our teacher? A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 8．Mary is one of the girls ________ wear the watch in our school. A．who B．whom. C．whose D．which 9．This is the man ______ I saw last night. A．him B．which C．whom D．when 10．The boy ________ father is a doctor studies very hard. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 11．This is the school ________ I worked seven years ago. A．in which B．in that C．which D．that 【知识点清单二】关系副词引导的定语从句 【要点精讲】 关系副词在句中只作状语，起连接作用。关系副词可以转换为相应的“介词+which”结构，介词来源于先行词、固定搭配或语义需要。 关系副词 用法 例句 when 时间状语 The day when(in which) the concert takes place is Sunday. 音乐会举行的那天是星期天。 I still remember the time when(at which) I first came to the village.我仍然记得我初来这个村庄的那个时刻。 where 地点状语 This is the store where(at which) I met my friend. 这是我遇见我朋友的商店。 I forget the house where(in which) the Smiths lived. 我忘记史密斯一家住过的房子了。 why 原因状语 These are the reasons why we do it. 这些就是我们这样做的理由。 I have no idea why(for which) he called. 我不知道他为什么打电话来。 1．That’s the house ________ I lived ten years ago. A．that B．which C．in that D．where 2．The park ________ we played football in is the same one ________ our sports meeting was held last year. A．where; which B．which; which C．where; where D．which; where 3．That’s the reason ________ he didn’t participate in the competition. A．which B．why C．what D．in which 4．We will never forget the day ________ we spent the weekend together. A．when B．that C．which D．what 5．This is the place_______Mr. Wang was born. A．which B．that C．where D．who 【即时训练】 【知识点清单三】易混淆关系代词辨析 【要点精讲】 (一)关系代词只用 that不用 which 的情况 1.先行词是不定代词 常见的有 all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。 All that we have to do is to practice English. 我们需要做的一切就是练习英语。 2.先行词包含序数词、形容词最高级 这种情况包括先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级。 The first letter that I got from him will be kept. 我收到的他的第一封信将会被保存起来。 3.先行词被 all, any等修饰 I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. 我吃光了你给我的所有食物。 4.先行词被 the only, the very等词修饰时 He is the only person that I want to talk with. 他是唯一一个我想沟通的人。 5.先行词既有人又有物时 They are talking about persons and things that they met. 他们正在谈论他们遇到的人和事。 6.当先行词前面已有 who，which等疑问代词时 为避免重复，关系词只用 that。 Who is the man that is giving speech? 正在做演讲的人是谁? 7.先行词为 way时的限制性定语从句 通常由 in which 或 that引导,也可省略关系词。 I don't like the way(that) you laugh at. 我不喜欢你笑的方式。 The way(in which) he spoke to us was suspicious. 他对我们说话的方式让人感到可疑。 (二)关系代词只用 which不用 that的情况 1.非限制性定语从句中 The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here. 那棵四百岁的树在这儿很有名。 2.介词+关系代词 We depend on the land from which we get our food. 我们指望着收获粮食的土地。 (三)用 who/ whom不用 that的情况 1.先行词是 one, ones, anyone时 Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. 任何触犯法律的人都应该受到惩罚。 2.先行词为 those时 Those who want to see the film sign up here. 想看电影的人在这儿签名。 3.非限制性定语从句 She has a brother, who is a doctor. 她有一个兄弟,是医生。 (四)关系代词 as和 which 引导的定语从句 1. as引导的定语从句 可放在主句之前或者主句之后。which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句或先行词之后。如： John, as you know, is a famous writer. 你知道的，约翰是一个著名的作家。 He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don't believe. 他不止一次去过巴黎，这一点我不相信。 2.当先行词有 such, the same修饰时,常用 as I've never heard such stories as he tells. 我从来没有听他讲过这样的故事。 This is the same book as I lost last week. 这和我上周丢的那本书相似。 【即时训练】 1. That is not the way _____I do it. A./ B. which C. for which D. with which 2. The museum is the only one _____ I have visited. A. what B. that C. who D. which 3. Look at the girl and her dog_____ are crossing the bridge. A. whom B. that C. who D. which 4. I bought a house, _____is situated in the north of city. A. that B. which C. who D. where 5. This is the same bike_____we lost yesterday. A. that B. which C. as D. what 【知识点清单四】定语从句中主谓一致的问题 【要点精讲】 (1)关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词与先行词保持一致。 The man who is a teacher is humorous.是个老师的那个男人很幽默。 The students who are talking are in Grade Three.正在谈话的学生们是三年级的。 (2)当先行词由one of修饰时，定语从句中的谓语动词用复数；当先行词由the only one of修饰时，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数。(高考常考) Tom is one of the boys who are very tall.汤姆是非常高的男孩之一。 Tom is the only one of the boys who is very tall.汤姆是男孩们中唯一一个身材非常高的。 【即时训练】 1. Mr. Smith is the only one of those foreigners who____in China. A. works B. were working C. are working D. have been working 2. This is one of the best films____this year. A. have been shown B. that have shown C. that have been shown D. which has been shown 3. The place which ____the boys most is the Children's Palace. A. Interest B. interests B. interested D. have interested 【知识点清单五】限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 【要点精讲】 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 和先行词关系密切，不可省略 和先行词关系不密切，只起补充说明作用 不用逗号隔开 用逗号隔开 可用关系代词 that 不可用关系代词 that 关系代词 that, which, who作宾语时可省略 关系代词不可省略 只修饰先行词 修饰先行词，还可修饰主句或主句的一部分 She has a brother who is a doctor. 她有个当医生的兄弟。(限定性定语从句) She has a brother, who is a doctor. 她有一个兄弟，是医生。(非限定性定语从句） 【即时训练】 1. He failed in the examination, ____ made his father very angry. A. which B. it C. that D. what 2. Mr. Li, ____came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father's. A. what B. that C. who D. which 3. He lives in Chengdu ,____ is the capital of Sichuan Province. A. which B. it C. whose D. what 4. The house, ____we bought last month, is very nice. A. which B. it C. that D. what 5. The bottle is made of plastic, ____makes it very light. A.which B. it C. that D. what 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》（2020年版）及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本清单共两部分：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第15个专题，内容为定语从句。 2026年河北省对口升学一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题15 定语从句（讲+练） 【考点解读】 考点 内容解读 河北省近五年对口升学考试统计(题号) 2019 年 2020年 2021年 2022 年 2023年 2024年 2025年样卷 定语从句 关系代词 (22) (24) (21) (20) (25) (23) — 关系副词 —— — — — — — (21) 从河北省近几年对口升学考试情况统计来看，对定语从句的考查主要集中在关系代词和关系副词的辨析与选择上。 思维导图 定语从句的概念及相关术语 (一)定语从句的概念 定语从句指在主从复合句中充当定语的句子。 (二)先行词 先行词指被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 (三)关系词 关系词指连接主句和定语从句的代词或副词。关系词在从句中充当一定的句子成分。 关系代词有 who, whom, which, that, whose;关系副词有 when, where, why。 【知识点清单一】关系代词引导的定语从句 【要点精讲】 关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语等成分。当关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略。 关系代词 先行词所指 在句中成分 例句 that 人/物 主、宾、表 The man that is reading a book is my father. 正在读书的那个人是我爸爸。 The coat that I put on the desk is blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。 which 物 主、宾、表 I like to see the films which are directed by him. 我喜欢看他导演的电影。 who 人 主、宾、表 Do you know the girl who is talking to our English teacher?你认识正在和我们英语老师说话的那个女孩吗? whom 人 宾 The woman whom I wanted to see had already left. 我想见的那位女士已经离开了。 whose 人/物 定 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他的一个朋友的父亲是医生。 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.这个门破了的教室很快会被修好。 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常由“介词+关系代词”引导。 (一)含有介词的短语动词 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如look for，look after, take care of等。 如: This is the bag which I am looking for. 这正是我正在寻找的那个包。 (二)若介词放在关系代词前面 先行词是人,用“介词+ whom”;先行词是物,用“介词+ which”。 The boy with whom you talked just now is my friend. 刚才和你聊天的男孩是我朋友。 (三)代词/数词+介词+关系代词 He loves his daughters deeply, both of whom are very excellent. 他很爱他的女儿们，两个女儿都非常优秀。 China has a lot of islands, one of which is Hainan Island. 中国有许多岛屿，海南岛是其中之一。 【即时训练】 1．Is this book ________ you bought the other day ? A．that B．where C．the one D．which 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这本书是你前几天买的那本吗？原句为一般疑问句，可还原为陈述句“This book is ... you bought the other day.”可知，“... you bought the other day”是一个定语从句，定语从句没有先行词，结合选项可知，“the one”可以作先行词，指物（书），且关系代词在从句中作 bought的宾语，关系代词that或which可省略，符合语法规则。故选C。 2．— It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house ________ has a lot of new furniture in it. — Thank you. I’ll take your advice. A．that B．where C．in which D．who 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——匆忙搬进有很多新家具的房子对健康有害。——谢谢大家。我会接受你的建议。分析句子结构可知，“... has a lot of new furniture in it.”是定语从句，先行词是“house”指物，从句中缺少主语，选项中that可以充当主语且指物。故选A。 3．We all like the way ________ he taught us. A．that B．which C．in that D．what 【答案】A 【详解】考查定从关系词。句意：我们都喜欢他教我们的方式。分析句子结构及选项可知，空处引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词way，且在在从句中作方式状语，代替in the way，应用that或in which引导从句，或省略引导词。故选A。 4．China is a country ________ is rich in natural resources. A．why B．whose C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国是一个自然资源丰富的国家。分析句子结构可知，“ ... is rich in natural resources”为定语从句，先行词为“country ”，指物，在从句中作主语，故用which引导定语从句。故选C。 5． This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A．what B．who C．which D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是妈妈为我生日买的那本字典。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句“Mum gave me for my birthday”，修饰先行词the dictionary，指物，关系代词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which。故选C。 6．The park ________ we played football in is the same one ________ our sports meeting was held last year. A．where; which B．which; which C．where; where D．which; where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们踢足球的那个公园和去年举行运动会的那个公园是同一个。分析句子结构可知，第一空，“The park … we played football in”为定语从句，先行词为The park，在从句中作介词in的宾语，应该用关系代词which引导从句；第二空，“… our sports meeting was held last year”为定语从句，修饰先行词The park，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故选D。 7．Do you know the woman ________ is talking with our teacher? A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你认识正在和我们老师说话的那个女人吗？分析句子结构可知，“... is talking with our teacher”是一个定语从句，先行词是the woman，指人，在从句中作主语，因此要用关系代词who引导该从句。故选A。 8．Mary is one of the girls ________ wear the watch in our school. A．who B．whom. C．whose D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定从关系词。句意：玛丽是我们学校戴手表的女孩之一。分析句子结构及选项可知，空处引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词girls，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who。故选A。 9．This is the man ______ I saw last night. A．him B．which C．whom D．when 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我昨晚看到的男人。分析句子结构可知，先行词为人“the man (那个男人)”，关系词在从句中作宾语，因此用whom。故选C。 10．The boy ________ father is a doctor studies very hard. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 【答案】B 【详解】考查定从关系词。句意：父亲是一名医生的那个男孩学习很努力。分析句子结构及选项可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰“boy”，关系词在从句中作“father”的定语，表所属关系，即“男孩的父亲”，所以用关系代词whose。故选B。 11．This is the school ________ I worked seven years ago. A．in which B．in that C．which D．that 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我七年前工作过的学校。分析句子结构可知，“... I worked seven years ago”是一个定语从句，先行词为school，表地点，且在从句中作地点状语，相当于in the school，应用关系副词where或in which引导从句。故选A。 【知识点清单二】关系副词引导的定语从句 【要点精讲】 关系副词在句中只作状语，起连接作用。关系副词可以转换为相应的“介词+which”结构，介词来源于先行词、固定搭配或语义需要。 关系副词 用法 例句 when 时间状语 The day when(in which) the concert takes place is Sunday. 音乐会举行的那天是星期天。 I still remember the time when(at which) I first came to the village.我仍然记得我初来这个村庄的那个时刻。 where 地点状语 This is the store where(at which) I met my friend. 这是我遇见我朋友的商店。 I forget the house where(in which) the Smiths lived. 我忘记史密斯一家住过的房子了。 why 原因状语 These are the reasons why we do it. 这些就是我们这样做的理由。 I have no idea why(for which) he called. 我不知道他为什么打电话来。 1．That’s the house ________ I lived ten years ago. A．that B．which C．in that D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那就是我十年前住过的房子。分析句子可知，“... I lived ten years ago”是定语从句，修饰先行词“house”；从句缺少状语“in the house”，表示地点，应用in which或where引导。故选D。 2． The park ________ we played football in is the same one ________ our sports meeting was held last year. A．where; which B．which; which C．where; where D．which; where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们踢足球的那个公园和去年举行运动会的那个公园是同一个。分析句子结构可知，第一空，“The park … we played football in”为定语从句，先行词为The park，在从句中作介词in的宾语，应该用关系代词which引导从句；第二空，“… our sports meeting was held last year”为定语从句，修饰先行词The park，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故选D。 3．That’s the reason ________ he didn’t participate in the competition. A．which B．why C．what D．in which 【答案】B 【详解】考查限制性定语从句从属连词。句意：这就是他没有参加比赛的原因。分析句子结构可知，“... he didn’t participate in the competition”为限制性定语从句，先行词是“the reason”，表原因，在从句中作状语，应用关系副词why引导从句。故选B。 4．We will never forget the day ________ we spent the weekend together. A．when B．that C．which D．what 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们永远不会忘记我们一起度过周末的那一天。分析句子可知，“... we spent the weekend together”是定语从句，且从句的句子结构是完整的，先行词“the day”在从句中作时间状语，因此应使用关系副词when来引导该从句。故选A。 5．This is the place_______Mr. Wang was born. A．which B．that C．where D．who 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句中关系词。句意：这就是王先生出生的地方。 分析句子可知，“… Mr. Wang was born”是定语从句，“the place”是先行词，表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以需要用关系副词where来引导定语从句。故选C。 【即时训练】 【知识点清单三】易混淆关系代词辨析 【要点精讲】 (一)关系代词只用 that不用 which 的情况 1.先行词是不定代词 常见的有 all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。 All that we have to do is to practice English. 我们需要做的一切就是练习英语。 2.先行词包含序数词、形容词最高级 这种情况包括先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级。 The first letter that I got from him will be kept. 我收到的他的第一封信将会被保存起来。 3.先行词被 all, any等修饰 I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. 我吃光了你给我的所有食物。 4.先行词被 the only, the very等词修饰时 He is the only person that I want to talk with. 他是唯一一个我想沟通的人。 5.先行词既有人又有物时 They are talking about persons and things that they met. 他们正在谈论他们遇到的人和事。 6.当先行词前面已有 who，which等疑问代词时 为避免重复，关系词只用 that。 Who is the man that is giving speech? 正在做演讲的人是谁? 7.先行词为 way时的限制性定语从句 通常由 in which 或 that引导,也可省略关系词。 I don't like the way(that) you laugh at. 我不喜欢你笑的方式。 The way(in which) he spoke to us was suspicious. 他对我们说话的方式让人感到可疑。 (二)关系代词只用 which不用 that的情况 1.非限制性定语从句中 The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here. 那棵四百岁的树在这儿很有名。 2.介词+关系代词 We depend on the land from which we get our food. 我们指望着收获粮食的土地。 (三)用 who/ whom不用 that的情况 1.先行词是 one, ones, anyone时 Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. 任何触犯法律的人都应该受到惩罚。 2.先行词为 those时 Those who want to see the film sign up here. 想看电影的人在这儿签名。 3.非限制性定语从句 She has a brother, who is a doctor. 她有一个兄弟,是医生。 (四)关系代词 as和 which 引导的定语从句 1. as引导的定语从句 可放在主句之前或者主句之后。which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句或先行词之后。如： John, as you know, is a famous writer. 你知道的，约翰是一个著名的作家。 He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don't believe. 他不止一次去过巴黎，这一点我不相信。 2.当先行词有 such, the same修饰时,常用 as I've never heard such stories as he tells. 我从来没有听他讲过这样的故事。 This is the same book as I lost last week. 这和我上周丢的那本书相似。 【即时训练】 1. That is not the way _____I do it. A./ B. which C. for which D. with which 【答案】A 【详解】当先行词是the way（方式，方法），在定语从句中作方式状语时，定语从句的引导词可以是that、in which或者省略。在这个句子“That is not the way I do it.”中，the way在从句“I do it”中作方式状语，所以引导词可以省略，A选项正确。 2. The museum is the only one _____ I have visited. A. what B. that C. who D. which 【答案】B 【详解】当先行词被the only修饰时，定语从句的引导词只能用that。在句子“The museum is the only one I have visited.”中，先行词是the only one（指物，博物馆），所以引导词要用that，B选项正确。 3. Look at the girl and her dog_____ are crossing the bridge. A. whom B. that C. who D. which 【答案】B 【详解】当先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句的引导词要用that。在句子“Look at the girl and her dog are crossing the bridge.”中，先行词是the girl（人）和her dog（物），所以引导词要用that，B选项正确。 4. I bought a house, _____is situated in the north of city. A. that B. which C. who D. where 【答案】B 【详解】这是一个非 - 限制性定语从句，先行词是a house（物），在非 - 限制性定语从句中，不能用that引导，要用which。句子“I bought a house, is situated in the north of city.”中，先行词a house在从句中作主语，所以用which引导，B选项正确。 6． This is the same bike_____we lost yesterday. A. that B. which C. as D. what 【答案】C 【详解】“the same...as...”是一个固定搭配，表示“和……一样（同类事物）” ，在句子“This is the same bike we lost yesterday.”中，强调这辆自行车和昨天丢的是同类的，用as引导定语从句，C选项正确。 【知识点清单四】定语从句中主谓一致的问题 【要点精讲】 (1)关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词与先行词保持一致。 The man who is a teacher is humorous.是个老师的那个男人很幽默。 The students who are talking are in Grade Three.正在谈话的学生们是三年级的。 (2)当先行词由one of修饰时，定语从句中的谓语动词用复数；当先行词由the only one of修饰时，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数。(高考常考) Tom is one of the boys who are very tall.汤姆是非常高的男孩之一。 Tom is the only one of the boys who is very tall.汤姆是男孩们中唯一一个身材非常高的。 【即时训练】 1. Mr. Smith is the only one of those foreigners who _ in China. A. works B. were working C. are working D. have been working 【答案】A 【详解】在“Mr. Smith is the only one of those foreigners who _ in China.”这个句子中，“the only one of...”结构表示“……中唯一的一个”，此时定语从句的先行词是“the only one”，为单数概念，所以定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。A 选项“works”是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；B 选项“were working”是过去进行时，时态不符；C 选项“are working”是现在进行时，为复数形式；D 选项“have been working”是现在完成进行时，也是复数形式。所以正确答案是 A。 2. This is one of the best films _ this year. A. have been shown B. that have shown C. that have been shown D. which has been shown 【答案】C 【详解】在“This is one of the best films _ this year.”中，先行词是“films”，为复数。当先行词被最高级“the best”修饰时，关系代词要用“that”，所以排除 D 选项“which”。“电影”是“被放映”，要用被动语态，其结构为“be + 过去分词”，A 选项缺少“that”；B 选项“have shown”是主动语态，不符合句子意思。C 选项“that have been shown”中“that”引导定语从句，“have been shown”是现在完成时的被动语态，符合句子要求，所以选 C。 3. The place which _ the boys most is the Children's Palace. A. Interest B. interests B. interested D. have interested 【答案】B 【详解】在“The place which _ the boys most is the Children's Palace.”中，“which”引导定语从句，先行词是“the place”，为单数，在从句中作主语。从句中缺少谓语动词，A 选项“Interest”首字母大写，若为动词原形，不符合第三人称单数的要求；C 选项“interested”是过去式或过去分词形式，此处需要一般现在时的第三人称单数形式作谓语；D 选项“have interested”是复数形式。B 选项“interests”是“interest”（使感兴趣）的第三人称单数形式，符合句子结构，所以选 B。 【知识点清单五】限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 【要点精讲】 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 和先行词关系密切，不可省略 和先行词关系不密切，只起补充说明作用 不用逗号隔开 用逗号隔开 可用关系代词 that 不可用关系代词 that 关系代词 that, which, who作宾语时可省略 关系代词不可省略 只修饰先行词 修饰先行词，还可修饰主句或主句的一部分 She has a brother who is a doctor. 她有个当医生的兄弟。(限定性定语从句) She has a brother, who is a doctor. 她有一个兄弟，是医生。(非限定性定语从句） 【即时训练】 1. He failed in the examination,____ made his father very angry. A. which B. it C. that D. what 【答案】A 【详解】这是一个非 - 限制性定语从句，先行词是“He failed in the examination”这件事，在从句中作主语，非 - 限制性定语从句不能用that引导，it不能引导定语从句，what不能引导定语从句，which可以引导非 - 限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，指代前面整个句子的内容。所以选A。 2. Mr. Li, ____ came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father's. A. what B. that C. who D. which 【答案】C 【详解】这是一个非 - 限制性定语从句，先行词是“Mr. Li”（人），在从句中作主语。what不能引导定语从句，that不能引导非 - 限制性定语从句，which一般指代物，who指代人且在定语从句中作主语或宾语，这里先行词是人，所以选C。 3. He lives in Chengdu ____ is the capital of Sichuan Province. A. which B. it C. whose D. what 【答案】A 【详解】这是一个定语从句，先行词是“Chengdu”（物），在从句“is the capital of Sichuan Province”中作主语。it不能引导定语从句，whose表示“……的”，在从句中作定语，what不能引导定语从句，which可以指代物并在从句中作主语，所以选A。 4.The house, ____ we bought last month, is very nice. A. which B. it C. that D. what 【答案】A 【详解】这是一个非 - 限制性定语从句，先行词是“the house”（物），在从句“we bought last month”中作宾语。it不能引导定语从句，that不能引导非 - 限制性定语从句，what不能引导定语从句，which可以指代物并在非 - 限制性定语从句中作宾语，所以选A。 5. The bottle is made of plastic, ____ makes it very light. A. which B. it C. that D. what 【答案】A 【详解】这是一个非 - 限制性定语从句，先行词是“The bottle is made of plastic”这件事，在从句中作主语。it不能引导定语从句，that不能引导非 - 限制性定语从句，what不能引导定语从句，which可以引导非 - 限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，指代前面整个句子的内容，所以选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$