内容正文:
数 词
一
数词的定义、分类和构成
二
数词的主要用法
content
一、数词的定义、分类和构成
数词概述
数词是表示数量或顺序的词,分为基数词和序数词两大类。
例如: one, two, three……
first, second, third……
1. 基数词的构成
1 one 11 eleven
2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty
3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty
4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty
5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty
6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty
7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy
8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty
9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety
10 ten
基数词
1. 基数词1~12
独立单词,需逐个记忆:
1 one 2 two 3 three
4 four 5 five 6 six
7 seven 8 eight 9 nine
10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve
基数词
2. 基数词13~19
个位数词的词干后加-teen:
13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen
16 sixteen 17 seventeen
18 eighteen 19 nineteen
基数词
3. 基数词20~90
整十位数是在2~9的数词后加-ty:
20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty
50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety
基数词
4. 基数词21~99
基数词21~99是在十位数词后面加上个位数词合成,中间加上连字符“-”:
21 twenty-one 95 ninety-five
基数词
5. 基数词100~999
整百数
100 one(a) hundred
200 two hundred
500 five hundred
基数词
5. 基数词100~999
整百数 + 整十数 + 个位数
整百数和整十数之间用and连接,整十数和个位数之间用连字符“-”:
101 one hundred and one
310 three hundred and ten
524 five hundred and twenty-four
基数词
6. 1,000以上的大数字
1000 a thousand
1,000,000 a million
1,000,000,000 a billion
注意:
具体数字 + hundred/ thousand/ billion
hundreds of
thousands of
几百/几千/几十亿
成百上千
成千上万
2. 序数词的构成
第一 first 第十一 eleventh
第二 second 第十二 twelfth 第二十 twentieth
第三 third 第十三 thirteenth 第三十 thirtieth
第四 fourth 第十四 fourteenth 第四十 fortieth
第五 fifth 第十五 fifteenth 第五十 fiftieth
第六 sixth 第十六 sixteenth 第六十 sixtieth
第七 seventh 第十七 seventeenth 第七十 seventieth
第八 eighth 第十八 eighteenth 第八十 eightieth
第九 ninth 第十九 nineteenth 第九十 ninetieth
第十 tenth
序数词
序数词表示顺序,前面一定要加定冠词the。
1. 序数词第一 ~ 第三
第一 first (1st) 第二 second (2nd) 第三 third (3rd)
序数词
2. 序数词第四 ~ 第十九
对应的基数词后加-th:
第四 fourth 第五 fifth
第八 eighth 第九 ninth
第十二 twelfth 第十五 fifteenth
序数词
3. 序数词第二十~第九十
整十位数的序数词是将基数词词尾的y变为i,再加-eth:
第二十 twentieth 第三十 thirtieth
第四十 fortieth 第五十 fiftieth
第六十 sixtieth 第七十 seventieth
第八十 eightieth 第九十 ninetieth
序数词
4. “第几十几”
个位数变序数词,十位数沿用基数词的表示。例如:
第五十六 fifty-sixth
第九十九 ninety-ninth
第二十二 twenty-second
序数词
基数词变序数词口诀:
基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th;
一、二、三,特殊记,词尾字母 t, d, d;
八减 t, 九减 e, f 来把 ve 替;
单词 ty 作结尾, ty 变成 tie;
若是碰到几十几,只变个位就可以。
写出下列数词的序数词形式1. one _______ 2. two _______
3. three _______ 4. five _______
5. nine _______ 6. twelve _______ 7. forty-two _______ 8. twenty _______ 9. fifty-five _______
二、数词的主要用法
数词的用法
1. 基数词用来表示编号
例如: Class Three 三班
Chapter Four 第四章
Room 303 第303房间(读作:Room three zero three)
电话号码以基数词形式按顺序读。
例如:85743291
eight five seven four three two nine one
2.分数、小数、百分数的表示
(1)分数
分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示;
当分子大于1时,序数词(即分母)要用复数。
例如:
1/5 a(one) fifth
2/3 two thirds
3¼ three and one fourth
特别提示: 1/2通常读作a/one half
1/4通常读作a/one fourth 或者a/one quarter
2.分数、小数、百分数的表示
(2)小数
小数以基数词加小数点表示,小数点前面的数按基数词的规则读,小数点后面的数按个位基数词依次读出。
例如:
0.5 zero point five
0.006 zero point zero zero six
0.257 zero point two five seven
2.分数、小数、百分数的表示
(3)百分数
百分数由“基数词+percent”组成,百分号(%)
读作percent。
例如:
0.6% zero point six percent
5% five percent
100% one hundred percent
12.34% twelve point three four percent
写出下列数词的正确形式1. 1/3 _______ 2. 2/5 _______
3. 1/4 _______ 4. 5.62 _______
5. 12.34 _______ 6. 37.45 _______
7. 0.7% _______ 8. 500% _______
写出下列数词的正确形式
1. 1/3 a/one third
2. 2/5 two fifths
3. 1/4 a/one fourth/quarter
4. 5.62 five point six two
5. 12.34 twelve point three four
6. 37.45 thirty-seven point four five
7. 0.7% zero point seven percent
8. 500% five hundred percent
数词的用法
3. 时刻的表示
(1)时刻用基数词表示,一般和介词at连用
“几点整”用“钟点数+o’clock”来表示
(o'clock常省去)
例如:
3:25 读作 three twenty-five
在8点整 at eight o’clock
数词的用法
3. 时刻的表示
(2)间接表达法:先分后小时
①(<30分钟)用“分+past+小时”
例如:
3:15 读作 three fifteen 或 a quarter past three
3:25 读作 twenty-five(minutes)past three
数词的用法
3. 时刻的表示
(2)间接表达法:先分后小时
②(>30分钟)用“分+to+小时”
例如:
3:35 读作 twenty-five(minutes)to four
3:45 读作 three forty-five 或 a quarter to four
注意: 3:30 读作three thirty 或 half past three
数词的用法
4. 年份和日期的表示
1887 读作 eighteen eighty-seven
2019 读作 two thousand and nineteen
2023年5月20日读作
May the twentieth, two thousand and twenty-three
或 the twentieth of May, two thousand and twenty-three
5.年代的表示
表示在某个世纪的几十年代,用“in the+逢十的基数词的复数”。基数词的复数若用阿拉伯数字表示,可直接加-s,也可加-’s。
例如:
在20世纪80年代 in the 1980s 或 in the 1980’s
读作 in the nineteen eighties
数词的用法
星 期
月 份
6.数学基本运算的表示
1. 加法 “加”用plus、and或add表示,“等于”用 is、make 或 equal 等表示。例如:
2+3=?可表示为 How much is two plus three?
Two plus three is five.
2+3=5 可表示为 Two and three is equal to five.
Two and three make five.
算式表示法
2. 减法
“减”用minus或take from表示。例如:
10-6=?可表示为How much is ten minus six?
10-6=4
可表示为
Ten minus six is four.
Take six from ten and the remainder is four.
Six(taken)from ten is four.
算式表示法
3. 乘法
“乘”用multiplied by 或 time(动词)表示。例如:
3×4=?可表示为How much is three times four?
3×4=12 可表示为
Three times four is /are twelve.
Multiply three by four, we get twelve.
Three multiplied by four makes twelve.
算式表示法
4. 除法
“除”用divide的过去分词形式表示。例如:
16÷4=?可表示为 How much is sixteen divide by four?
16÷4=4
可表示为
Sixteen divided by four is four.
Sixteen divided by four equals /gives / makes four
5. “in one’s +整十的基数词的复数形式”
表示“在某人几十多岁时”
例如:
in his early fifties 在他五十岁出头时
in her forties 在她四十多岁时
数词的用法
填空题
在横线上填上合适的数字,把下面的算术题补充完整。
1. seven + ______ = twelve
2. three + ______ = twelve
3. ______ + four = twelve
4. ______ ÷ two = twelve
5. three × five = ______
6. sixty - fifteen = ______
7. eight × seven = ______
8. ______÷ seven = two
实战演练
1. Our school is going to the ________ Culture Festival.
A. five B. fifth C. fifths D. fives
2. About ________ friends will come to my birthday party.
A. fifteenth B. fifteen
C. fifteenths D. the fifteenth
3. ---Have you finished the book yet?
---Not yet. I have just read ________ of it.
A. second three B. two thirds
C. two three D. two third
4. More than ________ of the workers there are women.
A. ten percents B. ten percent
C. three times D. percents ten
5. December is ________ month of a year .
A. twelve B. twelfth
C. the twelfth D. the twelfths
6. ________ of the students would take part in the talent show.
A. Three five B. Three fives
C. Thirds fifths D. Three fifths
7. ---Where is the reading room?
---It’s on ________ floor of the teaching building.
A. nine B. ninth C. the ninth D. nineteen
8. Mr. Smith stayed in ________ last night.
A. Room 405 B. the Room 405
C. the 405 Room D. 405 the Room
9. Today is my mother’s ________ birthday.
A. fourteen B. forteenth
C. forty D. fortieth
10. Please turn to Page ________ and look at the ________ picture.
A. Four; fourth B. Four; four
C. Fourth; four D. Fourth; fourth
11. Tony’s father is in his ________.
A. fifties B. fifty
C. fiftieths D. fiftieth
12. ________ trees have been planted in our town in the past 10 years.
A. Thousands of B. Two thousands
C. Two thousands of D. Thousand of
13. He wrote his ________ novel when he was ________.
A. five; in his thirties B. fifth; in his thirties
C. fifth; in his thirtieth D. five; in his thirtieth
14. ---What’s sixty and ten?
--- It’s ________ .
A. forty B. fifty C. seventy D. eighty
15. “H” is the ________ letter of the English alphabet.
A. eitht B. seven C. eighth D. seventh
Thanks!
$$