精品解析：湖北省恩施州普通高中2024-2025学年高二下学期期末质量检测考试英语试题

普通高中2024-2025学年高二质量监测考试 英语 本试卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What do the speakers mainly talk about? A. Battery endurance. B. App upgrade. C. Phone price. 2. What does the woman want to do? A. Cancel a reservation. B. Change her booking. C. Confirm a private room. 3. What does the woman think of the library? A. It is more friendly to readers. B. It is less popular with citizens. C. It is more crowded than before. 4. What will the woman do tomorrow evening? A. Take an exam. B. See Charlotte off. C. Take a plane. 5. What does the woman probably do? A. A teaching assistant. B. A postgraduate student. C. A director of staff office. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或读白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is Emily doing? A. Making a toy. B. Observing a rabbit. C. Babysitting her brother. 7. What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How does Randy Lee find his university life in Austria? A. Greatly time-saving. B. Too difficult to manage it. C. Very flexible in scheduling. 9. Why does Randy Lee choose advanced math in the early morning? A. He can be quick in mind. B. He loves getting up early. C. He thinks it easy to handle. 10. What’s the woman’s attitude towards Randy Lee’s options? A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Worried. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the intention of the charity marathon? A. To finance the community. B. To provide volunteers drill. C. To sponsor school education. 12. What will volunteers do for the charity marathon? A. Run the marathon. B. Assist with the race. C. Present awards. 13. When does the race start? A. At 7:00 a. m. B. At 6:30 a. m. C. At 6:00 a. m. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the woman conducting? A. A press conference. B. A recorded interview. C. An on-site news feature. 15. What specialized knowledge did the man demonstrate? A. Psychological consultation. B. Athletic training techniques. C. Emergency medical procedures. 16. How did the rescued boy feel after coming to life? A. Alarmed. B. Relieved. C. Annoyed. 17. How did the parents thank the man at last? A. By giving him a present. B. By treating him to a meal. C. By offering a free hotel-stay. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Which Chinese cities currently operate self-driving taxis? A. Beijing and Wuhan. B. Shenzhen and Hangzhou. C. Shanghai and Guangzhou. 19. What is fueling China’s autonomous vehicle industry? A. Electric engines. B. 5G networks. C. Driver-assist systems. 20. What percentage of new cars sold in China have L2+ autonomous features? A. 35%. B. 40%. C. 75%. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Music festivals in the UK are doing more than ever to appeal to all interests and ages. Here are this summer’s highlights. Green Man Set against the Brecon Beacons National Park the campsite gives families an opportunity to enjoy a week-long break in rural Wales. After evenings spent dancing to the likes of Brit Award winners Wet Leg and dance legends Underworld, welcome each new day with a family sunrise yoga lesson before wandering over to Einstein’s Garden for scientific workshops, art and wildlife walks. Older kids can try their hand at film-making and mastering circus skills in the ‘Somewhere’ zone. 14 to 17 August. greenman.net Deer Shed Sheep are a regular sight on the landscaped fields of Deer Shed. The whole event, dedicated to discovery and expanding younger children’s minds, is accessible to kids. Children can see where imagination leads through storytelling workshops and learn about insects through songs in The Bug Hotel. For the smallest party-goers, there’s the blackout tent hosting a kid ‘nightclub’. 25 to 28 July. deershedfestival.com Rock Oyster Festival Making the most of its Cornish coastal location, just a rock’s throw from Padstow, Rock Oyster offers a variety of water-based activities, from surfing lessons to a pirate school. This year’s impressive music al line-up includes Rag ‘n’ Bone Man and UB40. Food plays a major role here, too, with celebrity chef masterclasses and a cookery school for teenagers. 24-27 July. rockoysterfestival.co.uk. Camp Bestival Set in the grounds of Lulworth Castle, Dorset’s award-winning festival always has a solid line-up, from Tom Jones to the Sugababes and Mr Tumble. Away from the main stages, the festival hosts challenging robotics workshops where children work in teams to build complex models, and advanced music composition lessons for young musicians. 31 July to 3 August. dorset.campbestival.net. 1. Which website will a family with two 3-year-olds probably click on? A. greenman.net. B. deershedfestival.com. C. rockoysterfestival.co.uk. D. dorset. campbestival.net. 2. What do the festivals have in common? A. They feature musical celebrities. B. They inspire creative minds. C. They integrate educational events. D. They guarantee rural landscapes. 3. Where is the text probably from? A. Parenting blogs. B. Recipe books. C. Fashion magazines. D. Music reviews. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国夏季四个音乐节。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Deer Shed部分中“The whole event, dedicated to discovery and expanding younger children’s minds, is accessible to kids. Children can see where imagination leads through storytelling workshops and learn about insects through songs in The Bug Hotel. For the smallest party-goers, there’s the blackout tent hosting a kid ‘nightclub’. 25 to 28 July. deershedfestival.com(整个活动致力于探索和拓展幼儿思维，对孩子们来说很容易参与。孩子们可以通过讲故事工作坊了解想象力的引领方向，并在昆虫旅馆通过歌曲了解昆虫。对于最小的参与者，有一个遮光帐篷，里面有一个儿童‘夜总会’。七月二十五日至二十八日。deershedfestival.com)”可知，该音乐节有很多适合低龄儿童的活动。所以有两个3岁孩子的家庭可能会点击deershedfestival.com这个网站。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。Green Man部分提到“Older kids can try their hand at film-making and mastering circus skills in the ‘Somewhere’ zone.(大一点的孩子可以在Somewhere区域尝试电影制作和掌握马戏团技能)”；Deer Shed部分提到“Children can see where imagination leads through storytelling workshops and learn about insects through songs in The Bug Hotel.(在“虫子旅馆”里，孩子们可以通过讲故事的工作坊看到想象力的引导，通过歌曲了解昆虫)”；Rock Oyster Festival部分提到“Food plays a major role here, too, with celebrity chef masterclasses and a cookery school for teenagers.(美食在这里也扮演着重要角色，有名厨大师班和青少年烹饪学校)”；Camp Bestival部分提到“Away from the main stages, the festival hosts challenging robotics workshops where children work in teams to build complex models, and advanced music composition lessons for young musicians.(在主要舞台之外，音乐节还举办了具有挑战性的机器人工作坊，孩子们在那里团队合作建立复杂的模型，并为年轻音乐家提供高级音乐创作课程)”，这些信息表明这些音乐节都融入了教育活动。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Green Man部分“Set against the Brecon Beacons National Park, the campsite gives families an opportunity to enjoy a week long break in rural Wales. (营地位于布雷肯比肯斯国家公园，为家庭提供了在威尔士乡村享受为期一周假期的机会)”；Deer Shed部分“The whole event, dedicated to discovery and expanding younger children’s minds, is accessible to kids. (整个活动致力于探索和拓展幼儿的思维，对孩子们来说很容易参与)”；Rock Oyster Festival部分“Making the most of its Cornish coastal location, just a rock’s throw from Padstow, Rock Oyster offers a variety of water-based activities, from surfing lessons to a pirate school. (充分利用其康沃尔海岸的地理位置，离帕德斯托仅一步之遥，岩石牡蛎音乐节提供各种水上活动，从冲浪课程到海盗学校)”；Camp Bestival部分“Away from the main stages, the festival hosts challenging robotics workshops where children work in teams to build complex models, and advanced music composition lessons for young musicians. (除了主舞台之外，音乐节还举办具有挑战性的机器人工作坊，孩子们分组建造复杂模型，以及为年轻音乐家开设的高级音乐创作课程)”可知，这四个音乐节都有适合家庭尤其是孩子参与的活动。所以文章可能来自育儿博客。故选A项。 B Francis Asiku had just landed his first nursing job in Midigo. He was excited and joyful. But in his first month at work, Mr. Asiku was surprised to learn that what many newborns and expectant mothers seeking care needed wasn’t necessarily medicine. It was nutritious food. He recalls one hot afternoon, when a young mother rushed into the health center with a 4-year-old child. Mr. Asiku quickly found poor feeding as the root of the child’s problem. When he spotted birds eating mangoes heartily on his way home, a question struck him: Why were so many people in his community famished when it experienced two plentiful mango seasons a year? He raised the issue with his younger brother, Emmanuel Mao. Soon afterward, the brothers met with village elders under the huge mango tree where community meetings were held. That was the start of their nonprofit, The Mango Project, which delivers glass jars full of mangoes to schools, to health centers, and directly to hungry individuals. Most mangoes in Midigo spoil (腐烂) because rural villagers lack refrigerators. So the brothers needed to figure out a way to preserve mangoes throughout dry periods. They began “jarrying” — cutting fruit into thin slices and putting them in a glass container of boiling-hot water and sugar. While canning is practiced throughout the world, many Midigo villagers can’t bear the cost of sugar, not to mention glass jars with secure cover. The relatively easy preservation method delighted village elders. The brothers initially collected mangoes that were scattered throughout the village, but have since expanded their initiative to preserve the fruit from their family’s ancestral land. Mr. Asiku understands that mangoes alone won’t solve the community’s health issues, as people need a variety of foods. But he believes this project is a significant step toward improving food security in Midigo. 4. What inspired Asiku to start The Mango Project? A. The shortage of medical care. B. The request from village elders. C. His observation of feasting birds. D. His encounter with a dying child. 5. What does the underlined word “famished” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Desperate. B. Annoyed. C. Ignorant. D. Starved. 6. Why did the village elders approve of the “jarrying” method? A. It required few special tools. B. It was affordable for most villagers. C. It preserved the sweetness of mangoes. D. It made the most of the wasted mangoes. 7. What is Asiku’s attitude towards the influence of the project? A. Cautiously positive. B. Mildly uncertain. C. Slightly pessimistic. D. Blindly optimistic. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Francis Asiku因目睹社区儿童营养不良，并受到小鸟啄食芒果的启发，与兄弟一起创办“The Mango Project”，通过相对简易的低成本罐装方式保存芒果以缓解饥饿的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“When he spotted birds eating mangoes heartily on his way home, a question struck him: Why were so many people in his community famished when it experienced two plentiful mango seasons a year?(当他在回家的路上看到鸟儿在尽情地吃芒果时，他产生了一个问题：为什么他所在的社区一年有两个芒果丰收的季节，却有这么多人挨饿)”可知，Asiku 看到小鸟啄食树上的芒果，想到可以利用芒果解决所在社区的饥荒问题，这一观察直接启发他创办The Mango Project。故选C项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Mr. Asiku was surprised to learn that what many newborns and expectant mothers seeking care needed wasn’t necessarily medicine. It was nutritious food.(Asiku惊讶地发现，许多寻求护理的新生儿和孕妇所需要的不一定是药物。而是营养丰富的食物)” 和第二段中 “Mr. Asiku quickly found poor feeding as the root of the child’s problem.(Asiku很快发现，喂养不良是孩子问题的根源 )”可知，Asiku所在社区的人们面临食物短缺的问题，可推知 famished意为“饥饿的”。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中“While canning is practiced throughout the world, many Midigo villagers can’t bear the cost of sugar, not to mention glass jars with secure cover. The relatively easy preservation method delighted village elders.(虽然世界各地都有罐头，但许多米迪戈村民负担不起糖的成本，更不用说有安全盖的玻璃罐了。这种相对简单的保存方法让村里的老人很高兴)”可知，当地村民经济上无法负担传统的制作罐头的方法，由此可推知，新的制作方法成本更低，适合大多数村民。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mr. Asiku understands that mangoes alone won’t solve the community’s health issues, as people need a variety of foods. But he believes this project is a significant step toward improving food security in Midigo.(Asiku明白，单靠芒果并不能解决社区的健康问题，因为人们需要各种各样的食物。但他认为，这个项目是改善米迪戈粮食安全的重要一步)”可知，Asiku 知道芒果不能完全解决饥饿问题，但是又肯定了这个项目是重要的一步，所以他对这个项目的态度是“谨慎乐观”。故选A项。 C Serotonin, known as a “happy hormone (激素)”, is widely thought to play a role in mood, sleep, learning, and more. So it’s no wonder that there’s an abundance of health products on the market that claim to boost serotonin. Researchers have long thought that serotonin has a role in regulating (调节) mood because drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used for and show promising results in treating depression. But if you ask a serotonin researcher specifically how serotonin regulates any specific function, the answer will likely be “I don’t know.” Serotonin is often compared to dopamine, another “happy hormone” that likely has many different roles in the body. But scientists are much more confident about what dopamine does in the central nervous system. There’s strong evidence that it’s involved in brain circuits that predict how much of a reward you’ll receive. Despite all these, many serotonin products claim to lift your mood by boosting your serotonin levels. Some of them contain molecule (分子) 5-HT and tryptophan, two molecules that are transformed to serotonin in the body. But there’s only limited evidence that they work. Tryptophan, for one, is found in large quantities in people’s daily diets. Experts say that taking large amounts of it in pill form isn’t likely to do much to serotonin levels in the brain. Some studies have linked low tryptophan levels to worsening mood, but that’s only in people who already have depression. On top of that, to get to the brain, tryptophan needs to cross the blood-brain barrier, and can only do this a little bit at a time. There are also natural ways to stimulate serotonin release, like exercise, eating healthy, and getting plenty of sleep. If you’re worried about your mood, ultimately, the best thing you can do is take the traditional route — If you’re feeling down, talk to a doctor. 8. Why is serotonin believed to help regulate mood? A. It is acknowledged as a happy hormone. B. It is a key element of mood regulating drugs. C. SSRIs are recommended by researchers. D. SSRIs are effective for depression treatment. 9. What is the purpose of mentioning dopamine in paragraph 3? A. To explore its similarity with serotonin. B. To highlight its advantage over serotonin. C. To clarify the working principle of serotonin. D. To prove the insufficient knowledge of serotonin. 10. How does the author think of serotonin products? A. Effective. B. Overused. C. Unreliable. D. Misunderstood. 11. What might be the best title for the passage? A. Can we really boost serotonin? B. How to stimulate serotonin release? C. Why serotonin products fail to work? D. Is serotonin more effective than dopamine? 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了血清素(serotonin)被认为能调节情绪的原因，指出人们对血清素的了解不足，分析了血清素产品的不可靠性，并提及自然刺激血清素释放的方式。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers have long thought that serotonin has a role in regulating (调节) mood because drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used for and show promising results in treating depression.(长期以来，研究人员一直认为血清素在调节情绪方面发挥着作用，因为一种名为选择性血清素再摄取抑制剂(SSRIs)的药物被广泛用于治疗抑郁症，并且显示出了良好的效果)”可知，血清素被认为有助于调节情绪是因为SSRIs对抑郁症治疗有效。故选D项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Serotonin is often compared to dopamine, another “happy hormone” that likely has many different roles in the body. But scientists are much more confident about what dopamine does in the central nervous system. There’s strong evidence that it’s involved in brain circuits that predict how much of a reward you’ll receive.(血清素常被与多巴胺相比较，多巴胺是另一种“快乐激素”，可能在人体内有许多不同的作用。但科学家们对多巴胺在中枢神经系统中的作用更有把握。有强有力的证据表明，它参与了预测你将获得多少奖励的大脑回路)”可知，科学家对多巴胺的作用更了解，而对血清素的了解相对不足，提及多巴胺是为了证明人们对血清素的了解不够。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Despite all these, many serotonin products claim to lift your mood by boosting your serotonin levels. Some of them contain molecule (分子) 5-HT and tryptophan, two molecules that are transformed to serotonin in the body. But there’s only limited evidence that they work.(尽管如此，许多血清素产品声称可以通过提高血清素水平来改善你的情绪。其中一些含有分子5-HT和色氨酸，这两种分子在体内会转化为血清素。但只有有限的证据表明它们有效)”可知，只有有限的证据表明它们有效，所以作者认为血清素产品是不可靠的。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“But if you ask a serotonin researcher specifically how serotonin regulates any specific function, the answer will likely be “I don’t know.”(但如果你具体问一位血清素研究人员血清素是如何调节任何特定功能的，答案很可能是“我不知道”)”和第四段“Despite all these, many serotonin products claim to lift your mood by boosting your serotonin levels. Some of them contain molecule (分子) 5-HT and tryptophan, two molecules that are transformed to serotonin in the body. But there’s only limited evidence that they work.(尽管如此，许多血清素产品声称可以通过提高血清素水平来改善你的情绪。其中一些含有分子5-HT和色氨酸，这两种分子在体内会转化为血清素。但只有有限的证据表明它们有效)”可知，人们对血清素调节功能了解不足，且提高血清素水平的产品效果有限。文章还提到了自然刺激血清素释放的方式，整体围绕“我们是否真的能提高血清素水平”展开。故A项“Can we really boost serotonin?(我们真的能提高血清素水平吗?)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选A项。 D People are often quite selective about the information they’ll accept, seeking out sources that will confirm their biases (偏见). In theory, search engines can potentially change that by prioritizing results from high-quality, credible sources. Obviously, that hasn’t worked out on the technology side, as people quickly learned how to game the algorithms (算法) used by search engines. But a new study is suggesting that the concept fails on the human side, too, as people tend to enter search terms that are specific enough to ensure that the results will end up strengthening their existing beliefs. Researchers Eugina Leung and Oleg Urminsky explored this by focusing on simple questions like, “Is caffeine (咖啡因) good or bad for you?” If you wanted to search for that, you could potentially ask “what are the health effects of caffeine?” which should get you a mixture of the benefits and risks. But people could also use terms like, “Is caffeine bad for you?” These searches are likely to pull up a more biased selection of results. With that in mind, they designed a series of experiments. First, they asked the participants their thoughts on an issue. The participants were then told to go search for more information, after which their opinions on the topic were checked again. The results showed that if a participant used narrow search terms, they were more likely to structure them in a way that should return information that confirms their biases. And, not surprisingly, they were more likely to hang onto their original opinion after having been given the chance to look over the results of that search. The topic really didn’t matter that much. Leung and Urminsky tested questions covering different aspects of life. All of them displayed the same pattern. Again, it was never absolute — narrow searches tended to be 10 to 25 percent more common than general ones. There was simply a tendency to focus searches in a way that would likely strengthen existing beliefs. But that tendency was remarkably consistent. 12. What does “the concept” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Tricking algorithms to get results. B. Using technology to broaden minds. C. Presenting quality results to avoid biases. D. Entering specific terms to confirm beliefs. 13. Which might be a proper search term to get unbaised results? A. Does red meat increase cancer risk? B. How does green tea impact health? C. Is drinking milk good for bone health? D. What are the benefits of a low-sugar diet? 14. What is the result of narrow search terms? A. Original insight. B. Fixed mindset. C. Complete confidence. D. Structured information. 15. What does the last paragraph emphasize about the phenomenon? A. Its universality. B. Its limitation. C. Its solution. D. Its tendency. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了人们在搜索信息时倾向于使用特定关键词以强化固有偏见的现象，通过实验证明这种倾向的普遍性。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“People are often quite selective about the information they’ll accept, seeking out sources that will confirm their biases (偏见). In theory, search engines can potentially change that by prioritizing results from high-quality, credible sources.(人们往往对他们接受的信息非常挑剔，寻找能够证实他们偏见的来源。理论上，搜索引擎可以通过优先考虑来自高质量、可靠来源的结果来改变这一点。)”及第二段“But a new study is suggesting that the concept fails on the human side, too, as people tend to enter search terms that are specific enough to ensure that the results will end up strengthening their existing beliefs.(但一项新的研究表明，这一概念在人类方面也失败了，因为人们倾向于输入足够具体的搜索词，以确保结果最终会强化他们现有的信念。)”可知，the concept指上文“通过呈现优质结果避免偏见”。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段““Is caffeine (咖啡因) good or bad for you?” If you wanted to search for that, you could potentially ask ‘what are the health effects of caffeine?’ which should get you a mixture of the benefits and risks.(“咖啡因对你有好处还是坏处？”如果你想搜索这个问题，你可能会问‘咖啡因对健康有什么影响？’，这应该会给你带来好处和风险的混合结果。)”可知，要获取无偏见的结果，应使用中性的提问方式。C选项How does green tea impact health?询问的是绿茶对健康的影响，涵盖正反两面，符合语境，而其他选项均带有倾向性。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The results showed that if a participant used narrow search terms, they were more likely to structure them in a way that should return information that confirms their biases. And, not surprisingly, they were more likely to hang onto their original opinion after having been given the chance to look over the results of that search.(结果表明，如果参与者使用狭窄搜索词，他们更有可能以一种应该返回确认其偏见的信息的方式对其进行结构化。而且，毫不奇怪，在有机会查看搜索结果后，他们更有可能坚持自己的原始意见。)”可知，狭窄搜索词会导致强化原有信念的固定思维模式。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The topic really didn’t matter that much. Leung and Urminsky tested questions covering different aspects of life. All of them displayed the same pattern. Again, it was never absolute — narrow searches tended to be 10 to 25 percent more common than general ones. There was simply a tendency to focus searches in a way that would likely strengthen existing beliefs. But that tendency was remarkably consistent.(话题其实没那么重要。Leung和Urminsky测试了涵盖生活不同方面的问题。所有问题都呈现出相同的模式。同样，这从来不是绝对的——狭义搜索往往比一般搜索多10%到25%。人们只是倾向于以一种可能加强现有信念的方式集中搜索。但这种趋势非常一致。)”可知，Leung和Urminsky测试了涵盖生活不同方面的多个问题，发现表明人们在搜索信息时，倾向于使用那些会加强他们现有观念的搜索词，而且这种倾向性始终存在，由此可知这一现象存在普遍性。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a professor, my main task is to teach young adults skills that will prepare them to stand out in their careers. It is assumed that professional excellence requires formal training, while excellence in the rest of life, such as leisure, does not. ____16____ People believe work demands training while leisure time is easy and enjoyable and comes naturally. Our higher-education system operates on this assumption. ____17____ Leisure is not at all straightforward or easy. True leisure isn’t simple or automatic. I don’t want to waste any time on meaningless activities. Both work and free time should help me grow — to become wiser, happier, and a better person. ____18____ German philosopher Josef Pieper believed that when we understand and practice leisure properly, we can achieve our best selves. Pieper thought we misunderstood leisure when we defined it as work’s opposite. He described it as an attitude of opening your mind through deep thinking. Leisure, in other words, is far from the modern concept of just relaxing. It is a serious business, and if you don’t do leisure well, you will never find life’s full meaning. True leisure would involve philosophical reflection, deep artistic experiences, learning new ideas or skills, spending time in nature, or deepening personal relationships. ____19____ Social scientists agree with Pieper’s ideas. We may define leisure as doing nothing. But researchers found that this kind of act brings short-term happiness. ____20____ So we need to take the time to focus on life’s big questions without interruption and learn to appreciate what is beautiful. A. I used to think like this. B. But to me, it’s very questionable. C. You do these for personal growth. D. You fail to give leisure its due seriousness. E. My attitude is not, in fact, especially original. F. After all, there is no course specifically teaching leisure. G. It is social activities and self reflection that result in lasting joy. 【答案】16. F 17. B 18. E 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨了“休闲”的本质，反驳了“休闲无需训练”的观点，强调真正的休闲需通过沉思、艺术体验等实现个人成长，并引用研究支持其对幸福感的持久影响。 【16题详解】 本段的主要作用是引出人们认为“休闲无需训练”的观点。空前一句“It is assumed that professional excellence requires formal training, while excellence in the rest of life, such as leisure, does not. (一般认为，职业方面的卓越需要正规的训练，而生活中其他方面的卓越，如休闲，则不需要正规的训练。)”提到社会假设“在职业方面达到卓越水平需要训练，而其他（跟工作无关的）生活领域无需训练”，空后一句“People believe work demands training while leisure time is easy and enjoyable and comes naturally. (人们认为工作需要训练，而休闲时间是轻松愉快的，是自然而然的。)”指出“非工作活动非常简单，并且与生俱来。”由此可知，此空在两句话间起顺承、衔接作用。F选项“毕竟没有专门教授休闲的课程。”契合人们“休闲不需要专门训练”的想法，符合段落逻辑，故选F。 【17题详解】 空前一句“Our higher-education system operates on this assumption. (我们的高等教育体系就是基于这种假设运作的。)”说我们的高等教育是按照第一段提到的“休闲不需要训练”的假设（assumption）运作的。而空后一句“Leisure is not at all straightforward or easy. (休闲一点也不简单，也不容易。)”说休闲并不简单。由此可知，作者并不认同前文提及的普遍想法，B选项“这在我看来很有问题。”符合文章逻辑，其中it指代前一句中的“assumption”，故选B。 【18题详解】 空后内容“German philosopher Josef Pieper believed that when we understand and practice leisure properly, we can achieve our best selves. (德国哲学家Josef Pieper认为，当我们正确地理解和实践休闲时，我们可以实现最好的自我。)”提到“德国哲学家Josef Pieper认为，当我们正确理解和实践休闲时，我们可以实现最好的自己”。这与第二段最后一句“Both work and free time should help me grow — to become wiser, happier, and a better person. (工作和空闲时间都应该帮助我成长——变得更聪明、更快乐、更优秀。)”中作者会“利用非工作活动让自己成为一个更明智、更快乐、更高效、更优秀的人”的想法一致。由此可知，作者的想法并不新颖。空所在的句子是两个段落之间的过渡句，E项“事实上，我的态度并不特别新颖。”符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 本段主要解释了休闲真正含义。空前一句“True leisure would involve philosophical reflection, deep artistic experiences, learning new ideas or skills, spending time in nature, or deepening personal relationships. (真正的休闲包括哲学反思，深刻的艺术体验，学习新的想法或技能，花时间在大自然中，或加深人际关系。)”列举了“哲学反思、艺术体验学习新思想或技能、亲近自然或是深化人际关系” 等休闲活动，C选项“你做这些是为了个人成长。”总结了这些活动的真正目的，且跟前文的“休闲是为了实现最好更好的自己”的思想一致，逻辑连贯，故选C。 【20题详解】 空前一句“But researchers found that this kind of act brings short-term happiness. (但研究人员发现，这种行为能带来短期的快乐。)”指出“科学家发现无所事事的休闲方式只会带来短暂的幸福”，说明空后句子提及的做法与前面的做法相反，G选项“正是社交活动和自我反思带来了持久的快乐。” 符合语境，与后面一句形成因果关系，故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I have been recording the voices of nature for long. Early in my career, my ____21____ goal was to catch recordings of particular species with the help of shotgun microphones. Such recordings are ____22____ useful when it comes to training people to recognize species by their sounds. I ____23____ at this process and not only published a number of my own ____24____ for taking wildlife sounds, but also provided recordings for museum and nature center ____25____, as well as for movies and other projects. More recently, my “species-recordings” have ____26____ their way to the internet and smartphones. Pursuing wildlife and getting closeup recordings was a lot of fun and ____27____ numerous trips to wild areas. The joy of the ____28____ and catching each animals’ voice was truly satisfying. But, over time, I found myself growing ____29____ with the extraction (提取)-approach to nature recording and instead began to focus on the natural soundscape (音景) ____30____, on the full chorus of sound flowing to my ears at any particular time and place. I ____31____ an interest in what made natural soundscapes beautiful and inspring, and on what groups of sounds affected me in ____32____ ways, which are suitable for relaxation and personal enjoyment. Through repeated, in-depth ____33____ to nature’s melodies (曲调), I soon gained a deep ____34____ of their healing qualities and came to regard myself as a “sound healer”. I ____35____ myself to an herbalist (草药师) who goes into the forests and fields in search of medicinal herbs. 21. A. formal B. primary C. daring D. eventual 22. A. barely B. originally C. incredibly D. alarmingly 23. A. aimed B. drove C. looked D. excelled 24. A. films B. photos C. guides D. speeches 25. A. entries B. exhibits C. productions D. decorations 26. A. lost B. found C. limited D. leaned 27. A. left B. gained C. financed D. involved 28. A. hunt B. trial C. game D. intention 29. A. bored B. angry C. content D. concerned 30. A. for short B. to date C. all at once D. as a whole 31. A. maintained B. developed C. expressed D. abandoned 32. A. curious B. native C. positive D. strong 33. A. analysis B. addiction C. exposure D. reference 34. A. habit B. love C. learning D. appreciation 35. A. compared B. restored C. adjusted D. attached 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者录制自然声音的经历，从最初专注特定物种录音，到后来关注自然音景整体，并将自己视为“声音治疗师”。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我职业生涯早期，我的主要目标是借助猎枪式麦克风捕捉特定物种的录音。A. formal正式的；B. primary主要的；C. daring大胆的；D. eventual最终的。根据前文“I have been recording the voices of nature for long”和后文“to catch recordings of particular species with the help of shotgun microphones”可知，作者一直在记录大自然的声音，所以捕捉特定物种的录音是他的主要目标。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当涉及到训练人们通过声音识别物种时，这样录音非常有用。A. barely几乎不；B. originally最初；C. incredibly非常，极其；D. alarmingly惊人地。根据前文“Early in my career, my ____ goal was to catch recordings of particular species with the help of shotgun microphones.”可知作者专注于给特定物种录音，结合后文“training people to recognize species by their sounds”可推知，作者的录音对于训练人们通过声音识别物种是非常有用的。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在这个过程中表现出色，不仅出版了一些我自己录制野生动物声音的指南，还为博物馆和自然中心的展品以及电影和其他项目提供录音。A. aimed旨在；B. drove驾驶；C. looked看；D. excelled擅长，表现出色。根据后文“not only published a number of my own ____ but also provided recordings for museum and nature center”可知，作者在录制声音方面做得很好。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在这个过程中表现出色，不仅出版了一些我自己录制野生动物声音的指南，还为博物馆和自然中心的展品以及电影和其他项目提供录音。A. films电影；B. photos照片；C. guides指南；D. speeches演讲。根据前文“published”和后文“for taking wildlife sounds”可推知，这里指出版了录制野生动物声音的指南。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在这个过程中表现出色，不仅出版了一些我自己录制野生动物声音的指南，还为博物馆和自然中心的展品以及电影和其他项目提供录音。A. entries条目；B. exhibits展品；C. productions产品；D. decorations装饰。根据前文“museum and nature center”可知，是为博物馆和自然中心的展品提供录音。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，我的“物种录音”已经在互联网和智能手机上找到了出路。A. lost丢失；B. found找到；C. limited限制；D. leaned倾斜。根据后文“to the internet and smartphones”可推知，作者的“物种录音”在当下有了新的传播途径；find one’s way to是固定表达，意为“找到去……的路，到达”，符合这里“物种录音”在互联网和智能手机上有了传播途径的意思。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：追寻野生动物并近距离录制是很有趣的，并且涉及到多次前往荒野地区的旅行。A. left离开；B. gained获得；C. financed资助；D. involved涉及。根据后文“numerous trips to wild areas”可知，录制野生动物声音涉及到去荒野地区旅行。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：追寻的乐趣和捕捉每只动物的声音真的很令人满足。A. hunt追寻，搜寻；B. trial试验；C. game游戏；D. intention意图。根据前文“Pursuing wildlife”可知，这里说的是追寻的乐趣。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但随着时间的推移，我发现自己对这种从自然中提取声音的录音方式感到厌烦，转而开始关注自然音景的整体，关注在任何特定时间和地点流入我耳朵的完整声音合唱。A. bored厌烦的；B. angry生气的；C. content满足的；D. concerned关心的。根据后文“instead began to focus on...”可知，作者对之前的方式厌烦了。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：但随着时间的推移，我发现自己对这种从自然中提取声音的录音方式感到厌烦，转而开始关注自然音景的整体，关注在任何特定时间和地点流入我耳朵的完整声音合唱。A. for short简称；B. to date到目前为止；C. all at once突然；D. as a whole整体上。根据后文“on the full chorus of sound flowing to my ears at any particular time and place”可知，作者开始关注自然音景整体。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对是什么让自然音景美丽和鼓舞人心产生了兴趣，以及哪些声音组合以积极的方式影响我，哪些适合放松和个人享受。A. maintained维持；B. developed发展，产生；C. expressed表达；D. abandoned放弃。根据后文“an interest”可知，是产生了兴趣。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对是什么让自然音景美丽和鼓舞人心产生了兴趣，以及哪些声音组合以积极的方式影响我，哪些适合放松和个人享受。A. curious好奇的；B. native本土的；C. positive积极的；D. strong强烈的。根据后文“which are suitable for relaxation and personal enjoyment”可知，是积极的影响。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过反复、深入地接触自然的旋律，我很快就深刻体会到了它们的治愈功效，并开始把自己视为一名“声音治疗师”。A. analysis分析；B. addiction上瘾；C. exposure接触；D. reference参考。根据前文“Through repeated, in depth”和后文“I soon gained a deep ____ of their healing qualities”可推知，作者和自然旋律有反复、深入的接触。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过反复、深入地接触自然旋律，我很快就深刻体会到了它们的治愈功效，并开始把自己视为一名“声音治疗师”。A. habit习惯；B. love爱；C. learning学习；D. appreciation理解，体会。根据“their healing qualities”可知，是体会到了自然旋律的治愈功效。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把自己比作一个草药师，他走进森林和田野寻找草药。A. compared比较，比作；B. restored恢复；C. adjusted调整；D. attached附上。根据后文“who goes into the forests and fields in search of medicinal herbs”可知，作者将自己和草药师进行类比，compare oneself to是固定表达，意为“把自己比作”。故选A项。 第二节（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Irina Ianshina, an exchange student from Russia, adopts the Chinese name Lin Wan. “Lin” represents forest in Chinese, reflecting her love for nature, inspired by her outdoor-filled childhood and “Wan”, chosen for its gentle connotations, ____36____ (recommend) by her Chinese friends. Despite the perception that Chinese is one of the most difficult languages to learn, Ianshina has always had a ____37____ (fond) for Chinese culture, even ____38____ (experiment) with calligraphy during her school days in Moscow at 14. Beyond her love for calligraphy, Ianshina chose Hainan also ____39____ its pleasant winter temperatures, fresh air, and especially the seafood. Planning to extend her studies in China, she aims to achieve HSK-4 proficiency, which will enable her effectiveness of communication with native speakers ____40____ (enhance). Anastasiia Zubkova, ____41____ 18-year-old junior from Russia, noted the similarity between Russians and Hainan ____42____ (local) in their shared love for chicken dishes ____43____ expressed her fascination with the wide variety of fruits available in Hainan, a diversity she didn’t find in Russia. “Since the college began admitting international students in 2015, we have enrolled over 100 students from Russia, who have demonstrated ____44____ (exception) academic performance, with most holding undergraduate or ____45____ (advance) degrees,” said Chen Huiyang, Party secretary of HNCST. 【答案】36. was recommended 37. fondness 38. experimenting 39. for 40. to be enhanced 41. an 42. locals 43. and 44. exceptional 45. advanced 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了俄罗斯交换生林婉和Anastasiia Zubkova对中国文化的喜爱及海南的印象，还提及海南高校招收俄罗斯学生的情况。 【36题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：“林”在中文里代表森林，反映了她对自然的热爱，这源于她充满户外活动的童年；而“婉”因其温和的含义，是她的中国朋友推荐的。此空考查谓语动词，主语Wan与recommend之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was recommended。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管人们认为中文是最难学的语言之一，但Ianshina一直喜爱中国文化，甚至14岁在莫斯科上学时就尝试过书法。这里考查have a fondness for，为固定搭配，意为“喜爱”，所以应填名词fondness作宾语。故填fondness。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管人们认为中文是最难学的语言之一，但Ianshina一直喜爱中国文化，甚至14岁在莫斯科上学时就尝试过书法。此空考查非谓语，句子主语Ianshina与experiment之间为主动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填experimenting。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：除了热爱书法，Ianshina选择海南还因为那里宜人的冬季气温、新鲜的空气，尤其是海鲜。此处表示原因，应用介词for，表“因为”。故填for。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她计划在中国继续深造，目标是达到HSK四级水平，这将使她与母语者的交流效果得到提升。这里考查enable sth. to be done，为固定用法，意为“使某事被做”，所以这里应用动词不定式的被动形式。故填to be enhanced。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：18岁的俄罗斯大三学生Anastasiia Zubkova指出，俄罗斯人和海南当地人有一个共同点，都喜欢鸡肉菜肴，她还对海南丰富多样的水果表示着迷，这是她在俄罗斯没有见过的。这里表示“一个18岁的大三学生”，所以应用不定冠词表泛指，“18-year-old”以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【42题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：18岁的俄罗斯大三学生Anastasiia Zubkova指出，俄罗斯人和海南当地人有一个共同点，都喜欢鸡肉菜肴，她还对海南丰富多样的水果表示着迷，这是她在俄罗斯没有见过的。local作名词时意为“当地人”，此处表示泛指应用复数形式。故填locals。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：18岁的俄罗斯大三学生Anastasiia Zubkova指出，俄罗斯人和海南当地人有一个共同点，都喜欢鸡肉菜肴，她还对海南丰富多样的水果表示着迷，这是她在俄罗斯没有见过的。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：海南经贸职业技术学院党委书记陈惠阳表示：“自2015年学院开始招收国际学生以来，我们已招收了100多名俄罗斯学生，他们表现出优异的学业成绩，大多数拥有本科或更高学历。” 此处修饰名词academic performance，应用形容词exceptional，表“优异的”，符合语境。故填exceptional。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：海南经贸职业技术学院党委书记陈惠阳表示：“自2015年学院开始招收国际学生以来，我们已招收了100多名俄罗斯学生，他们表现出优异的学业成绩，大多数拥有本科或更高学历。” 此处修饰名词degrees，应用形容词advanced，表“高等的”，符合语境。故填 advanced。 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是某国际学校学生会主席。你校最近在策划“心理树洞”(Tree Hole for the Mind)活动，旨在为广大同学提供安全、包容的表达空间，促进真诚沟通。请你写一则通知，鼓励大家积极参与。内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.参与方式； 3.发出倡议。 参考词汇：anonymous匿名的 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 【答案】Possible version: Notice To offer a safe and inclusive space for emotional expression and sincere communication, our school is launching an activity titled “Tree Hole for the Mind”. The initiative aims to help students relieve stress, share thoughts, and build supportive connections. To participate, please write down your words on paper and drop them into the “Tree Hole” box in your classroom or the one near the library entrance. You can also send emails to treehole@school.com with the subject “Message.” Whatever it is, your submission should be anonymous. Besides, selected messages will be read aloud on the school broadcast every Wednesday noon to inspire mutual understanding. Let’s build a caring and warmer campus by listening and supporting each other! Your voice matters! Students’ Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校最近在策划的“心理树洞”活动写一则通知，鼓励大家积极参与。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提供：offer→provide 真诚的：sincere→genuine 缓解：relieve→ease 此外：besides→what’s more 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Besides, selected messages will be read aloud on the school broadcast every Wednesday noon to inspire mutual understanding. 拓展句：Besides, selected messages will be read aloud on the school broadcast every Wednesday noon so that mutual understanding can be inspired. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To participate, please write down your words on paper and drop them into the “Tree Hole” box in your classroom or the one near the library entrance.（运用了省略关系词的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Whatever it is, your submission should be anonymous.（运用了whatever引导的让步状语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之成为一篇完整的短文。 Sara’s family were farmers and grew delicious fruits and vegetables. Sometimes Sara and her sisters would select the best ones to show at the State Fair. One day, Sara was surveying the strawberries. As Sara searched, she suddenly stopped short. Something surprising stood out in front of her. “Suzy! Stacey!” she shouted for her sisters. “Come see!” Her sisters walked over from the stable where they had been feeding the horses. When they got closer, they were shocked. There, growing under a leafy vine, was a strawberry the size of a pumpkin. “Unbelievable!” said Suzy. “I’ve never seen a strawberry that size.” Her sister Stacey suggested they submit the strawberry as their selection to the State Fair. “Such a significant strawberry should stand out from the competition.” Sara and Suzy agreed. The sisters settled on a scheme to support the fruit as much as possible before the fair. Every day, one would sit with the sizable strawberry and sing gentle songs, which did seem to stimulate the strawberry, and its size grew significantly. As Sara hummed, she giggled （咯咯笑） to herself, “This giant could bake a hundred pies!” She remembered her mother’s wisdom: “Never worry over split（裂开的）berries, girls—they’re just begging to become dessert.” In a week, the berry had grown to be as big as a watermelon. After the second week, it was as large as a tractor tire. It was time to take their substantial strawberry to the State Fair. The sisters somehow succeeded in shifting it safely onto the pick-up truck. Sara and Suzy sat on either side of the strawberry while Stacey drove. At the fair, the spectators crowded the sisters’ stand to see the surprising strawberry. “Sensational!” said a shoe salesman. “Shocking!” screamed a senior citizen. “Superb!” said the judge of the competition. “I’ve never seen such a splendid, superior one! I declare it the Supreme Strawberry of the State Fair!” The sisters screamed at their success. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 However, just at the moment of their victory, the fruit unexpectedly burst open. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly, Sara saw the nearby cake stand. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version: However, just at the moment of their victory, the fruit unexpectedly burst open. The crowd gasped, and the sisters’ hearts sank. The once magnificent strawberry now lay in a sticky mess on the table. But Sara, ever the optimist, quickly recovered. “Look at the seeds!” she exclaimed, pointing to the numerous tiny seeds scattered all over. “This isn’t a loss, it’s a new beginning!” She proposed that they distribute the seeds to anyone interested, so everyone could grow their own giant strawberries. Suddenly, Sara saw the nearby cake stand. An idea sparked in her eyes. She approached the baker, explaining the situation and her plan. The baker, interested and impressed by her spirit, agreed to help. Together, they used the fresh strawberry pieces to create strawberry cakes, right there at the fair. The crowd, now delighted, lined up for a taste of the unplanned dessert. The sisters’ stall, initially known for the giant strawberry, was now the talk of the town for its delicious and inventive strawberry cake. The day ended with full bellies and happy hearts, proving that even when things don’t go as planned, a bit of creativity can turn a potential disaster into a sweet victory. 【解析】 【导语】本文以Sara姐妹参加州博览会为线索展开，讲述了她们意外培育出巨型草莓并获奖，却在胜利时刻草莓突然爆裂，随后巧妙将危机转化为机遇的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然而，就在他们胜利的那一刻，草莓出乎意料地裂开了。”可知，第一段可描写Sara乐观应对的态度和创造性解决方案（分发种子）。 ②由第二段首句内容“突然，Sara看到了附近的蛋糕摊。”可知，第二段可描写姐妹与烘焙师合作制作草莓蛋糕的过程，体现化挫折为惊喜的主题。 2.续写线索：草莓爆裂→危机处理（分发种子）→发现蛋糕摊→合作创新→意外成功 3.词汇激活： 行为类 ①分发种子：distribute the seeds / hand out the seeds ②接近：approach/ get close to 情绪类 ①乐观态度：the optimist / positive mindset ②惊喜结局：sweet victory / unexpected triumph 【点睛】【高分句型1】She approached the baker, explaining the situation and her plan.（现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】The baker, interested and impressed by her spirit, agreed to help. (过去分词作状语) 【高分句型3】The day ended with full bellies and happy hearts, proving that even when things don’t go as planned, a bit of creativity can turn a potential disaster into a sweet victory.（现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 普通高中2024-2025学年高二质量监测考试 英语 本试卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What do the speakers mainly talk about? A. Battery endurance. B. App upgrade. C. Phone price. 2. What does the woman want to do? A. Cancel a reservation. B. Change her booking. C. Confirm a private room. 3. What does the woman think of the library? A. It is more friendly to readers. B. It is less popular with citizens. C. It is more crowded than before. 4. What will the woman do tomorrow evening? A. Take an exam. B. See Charlotte off. C. Take a plane. 5 What does the woman probably do? A. A teaching assistant. B. A postgraduate student. C. A director of staff office. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或读白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is Emily doing? A. Making a toy. B. Observing a rabbit. C. Babysitting her brother. 7. What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How does Randy Lee find his university life in Austria? A. Greatly time-saving. B. Too difficult to manage it. C. Very flexible in scheduling. 9. Why does Randy Lee choose advanced math in the early morning? A. He can be quick in mind. B. He loves getting up early. C. He thinks it easy to handle. 10. What’s the woman’s attitude towards Randy Lee’s options? A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Worried. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the intention of the charity marathon? A. To finance the community. B. To provide volunteers drill. C. To sponsor school education. 12. What will volunteers do for the charity marathon? A. Run the marathon. B. Assist with the race. C. Present awards. 13. When does the race start? A. At 7:00 a. m. B. At 6:30 a. m. C. At 6:00 a. m. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the woman conducting? A. A press conference. B. A recorded interview. C. An on-site news feature. 15. What specialized knowledge did the man demonstrate? A. Psychological consultation. B. Athletic training techniques. C. Emergency medical procedures. 16. How did the rescued boy feel after coming to life? A. Alarmed. B. Relieved. C. Annoyed. 17. How did the parents thank the man at last? A. By giving him a present. B. By treating him to a meal. C. By offering a free hotel-stay. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Which Chinese cities currently operate self-driving taxis? A. Beijing and Wuhan. B. Shenzhen and Hangzhou. C. Shanghai and Guangzhou. 19. What is fueling China’s autonomous vehicle industry? A. Electric engines. B. 5G networks. C. Driver-assist systems. 20. What percentage of new cars sold in China have L2+ autonomous features? A. 35%. B. 40%. C. 75%. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Music festivals in the UK are doing more than ever to appeal to all interests and ages. Here are this summer’s highlights. Green Man Set against the Brecon Beacons National Park, the campsite gives families an opportunity to enjoy a week-long break in rural Wales. After evenings spent dancing to the likes of Brit Award winners Wet Leg and dance legends Underworld, welcome each new day with a family sunrise yoga lesson before wandering over to Einstein’s Garden for scientific workshops, art and wildlife walks. Older kids can try their hand at film-making and mastering circus skills in the ‘Somewhere’ zone. 14 to 17 August. greenman.net Deer Shed Sheep are a regular sight on the landscaped fields of Deer Shed. The whole event, dedicated to discovery and expanding younger children’s minds, is accessible to kids. Children can see where imagination leads through storytelling workshops and learn about insects through songs in The Bug Hotel. For the smallest party-goers, there’s the blackout tent hosting a kid ‘nightclub’. 25 to 28 July. deershedfestival.com Rock Oyster Festival Making the most of its Cornish coastal location, just a rock’s throw from Padstow, Rock Oyster offers a variety of water-based activities, from surfing lessons to a pirate school. This year’s impressive music al line-up includes Rag ‘n’ Bone Man and UB40. Food plays a major role here, too, with celebrity chef masterclasses and a cookery school for teenagers. 24-27 July. rockoysterfestival.co.uk. Camp Bestival Set in the grounds of Lulworth Castle, Dorset’s award-winning festival always has a solid line-up, from Tom Jones to the Sugababes and Mr Tumble. Away from the main stages, the festival hosts challenging robotics workshops where children work in teams to build complex models, and advanced music composition lessons for young musicians. 31 July to 3 August. dorset.campbestival.net. 1. Which website will a family with two 3-year-olds probably click on? A. greenman.net. B. deershedfestival.com. C. rockoysterfestival.co.uk. D. dorset. campbestival.net. 2. What do the festivals have in common? A. They feature musical celebrities. B. They inspire creative minds. C. They integrate educational events. D. They guarantee rural landscapes. 3. Where is the text probably from? A. Parenting blogs. B. Recipe books. C. Fashion magazines. D. Music reviews. B Francis Asiku had just landed his first nursing job in Midigo. He was excited and joyful. But in his first month at work, Mr. Asiku was surprised to learn that what many newborns and expectant mothers seeking care needed wasn’t necessarily medicine. It was nutritious food. He recalls one hot afternoon when a young mother rushed into the health center with a 4-year-old child. Mr. Asiku quickly found poor feeding as the root of the child’s problem. When he spotted birds eating mangoes heartily on his way home, a question struck him: Why were so many people in his community famished when it experienced two plentiful mango seasons a year? He raised the issue with his younger brother, Emmanuel Mao. Soon afterward, the brothers met with village elders under the huge mango tree where community meetings were held. That was the start of their nonprofit, The Mango Project, which delivers glass jars full of mangoes to schools, to health centers, and directly to hungry individuals. Most mangoes in Midigo spoil (腐烂) because rural villagers lack refrigerators. So the brothers needed to figure out a way to preserve mangoes throughout dry periods. They began “jarrying” — cutting fruit into thin slices and putting them in a glass container of boiling-hot water and sugar. While canning is practiced throughout the world, many Midigo villagers can’t bear the cost of sugar, not to mention glass jars with secure cover. The relatively easy preservation method delighted village elders. The brothers initially collected mangoes that were scattered throughout the village, but have since expanded their initiative to preserve the fruit from their family’s ancestral land. Mr. Asiku understands that mangoes alone won’t solve the community’s health issues, as people need a variety of foods. But he believes this project is a significant step toward improving food security in Midigo. 4. What inspired Asiku to start The Mango Project? A. The shortage of medical care. B. The request from village elders. C. His observation of feasting birds. D. His encounter with a dying child. 5. What does the underlined word “famished” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Desperate. B. Annoyed. C. Ignorant. D. Starved. 6. Why did the village elders approve of the “jarrying” method? A. It required few special tools. B. It was affordable for most villagers. C. It preserved the sweetness of mangoes. D. It made the most of the wasted mangoes. 7. What is Asiku’s attitude towards the influence of the project? A. Cautiously positive. B. Mildly uncertain. C. Slightly pessimistic. D. Blindly optimistic. C Serotonin, known as a “happy hormone (激素)”, is widely thought to play a role in mood, sleep, learning, and more. So it’s no wonder that there’s an abundance of health products on the market that claim to boost serotonin. Researchers have long thought that serotonin has a role in regulating (调节) mood because drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used for and show promising results in treating depression. But if you ask a serotonin researcher specifically how serotonin regulates any specific function, the answer will likely be “I don’t know.” Serotonin is often compared to dopamine, another “happy hormone” that likely has many different roles in the body. But scientists are much more confident about what dopamine does in the central nervous system. There’s strong evidence that it’s involved in brain circuits that predict how much of a reward you’ll receive. Despite all these, many serotonin products claim to lift your mood by boosting your serotonin levels. Some of them contain molecule (分子) 5-HT and tryptophan, two molecules that are transformed to serotonin in the body. But there’s only limited evidence that they work. Tryptophan, for one, is found in large quantities in people’s daily diets. Experts say that taking large amounts of it in pill form isn’t likely to do much to serotonin levels in the brain. Some studies have linked low tryptophan levels to worsening mood, but that’s only in people who already have depression. On top of that, to get to the brain, tryptophan needs to cross the blood-brain barrier, and can only do this a little bit at a time. There are also natural ways to stimulate serotonin release, like exercise, eating healthy, and getting plenty of sleep. If you’re worried about your mood, ultimately, the best thing you can do is take the traditional route — If you’re feeling down, talk to a doctor. 8. Why is serotonin believed to help regulate mood? A. It is acknowledged as a happy hormone. B. It is a key element of mood regulating drugs. C SSRIs are recommended by researchers. D. SSRIs are effective for depression treatment. 9. What is the purpose of mentioning dopamine in paragraph 3? A. To explore its similarity with serotonin. B. To highlight its advantage over serotonin. C. To clarify the working principle of serotonin. D. To prove the insufficient knowledge of serotonin. 10. How does the author think of serotonin products? A. Effective. B. Overused. C. Unreliable. D. Misunderstood. 11. What might be the best title for the passage? A. Can we really boost serotonin? B. How to stimulate serotonin release? C. Why serotonin products fail to work? D. Is serotonin more effective than dopamine? D People are often quite selective about the information they’ll accept, seeking out sources that will confirm their biases (偏见). In theory, search engines can potentially change that by prioritizing results from high-quality, credible sources. Obviously, that hasn’t worked out on the technology side, as people quickly learned how to game the algorithms (算法) used by search engines. But a new study is suggesting that the concept fails on the human side, too, as people tend to enter search terms that are specific enough to ensure that the results will end up strengthening their existing beliefs. Researchers Eugina Leung and Oleg Urminsky explored this by focusing on simple questions like, “Is caffeine (咖啡因) good or bad for you?” If you wanted to search for that, you could potentially ask “what are the health effects of caffeine?” which should get you a mixture of the benefits and risks. But people could also use terms like, “Is caffeine bad for you?” These searches are likely to pull up a more biased selection of results. With that in mind, they designed a series of experiments. First, they asked the participants their thoughts on an issue. The participants were then told to go search for more information, after which their opinions on the topic were checked again. The results showed that if a participant used narrow search terms, they were more likely to structure them in a way that should return information that confirms their biases. And, not surprisingly, they were more likely to hang onto their original opinion after having been given the chance to look over the results of that search. The topic really didn’t matter that much. Leung and Urminsky tested questions covering different aspects of life. All of them displayed the same pattern. Again, it was never absolute — narrow searches tended to be 10 to 25 percent more common than general ones. There was simply a tendency to focus searches in a way that would likely strengthen existing beliefs. But that tendency was remarkably consistent. 12. What does “the concept” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Tricking algorithms to get results. B. Using technology to broaden minds. C. Presenting quality results to avoid biases. D. Entering specific terms to confirm beliefs. 13. Which might be a proper search term to get unbaised results? A. Does red meat increase cancer risk? B. How does green tea impact health? C. Is drinking milk good for bone health? D. What are the benefits of a low-sugar diet? 14. What is the result of narrow search terms? A. Original insight. B. Fixed mindset. C. Complete confidence. D. Structured information. 15. What does the last paragraph emphasize about the phenomenon? A. Its universality. B. Its limitation. C. Its solution. D. Its tendency. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a professor, my main task is to teach young adults skills that will prepare them to stand out in their careers. It is assumed that professional excellence requires formal training, while excellence in the rest of life, such as leisure, does not. ____16____ People believe work demands training while leisure time is easy and enjoyable and comes naturally. Our higher-education system operates on this assumption. ____17____ Leisure is not at all straightforward or easy. True leisure isn’t simple or automatic. I don’t want to waste any time on meaningless activities. Both work and free time should help me grow — to become wiser, happier, and a better person. ____18____ German philosopher Josef Pieper believed that when we understand and practice leisure properly, we can achieve our best selves. Pieper thought we misunderstood leisure when we defined it as work’s opposite. He described it as an attitude of opening your mind through deep thinking. Leisure, in other words, is far from the modern concept of just relaxing. It is a serious business, and if you don’t do leisure well, you will never find life’s full meaning. True leisure would involve philosophical reflection, deep artistic experiences, learning new ideas or skills, spending time in nature, or deepening personal relationships. ____19____ Social scientists agree with Pieper’s ideas. We may define leisure as doing nothing. But researchers found that this kind of act brings short-term happiness. ____20____ So we need to take the time to focus on life’s big questions without interruption and learn to appreciate what is beautiful. A. I used to think like this. B. But to me, it’s very questionable. C. You do these for personal growth. D. You fail to give leisure its due seriousness. E. My attitude is not, in fact, especially original. F. After all, there is no course specifically teaching leisure. G. It is social activities and self reflection that result in lasting joy. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I have been recording the voices of nature for long. Early in my career, my ____21____ goal was to catch recordings of particular species with the help of shotgun microphones. Such recordings are ____22____ useful when it comes to training people to recognize species by their sounds. I ____23____ at this process and not only published a number of my own ____24____ for taking wildlife sounds, but also provided recordings for museum and nature center ____25____, as well as for movies and other projects. More recently, my “species-recordings” have ____26____ their way to the internet and smartphones. Pursuing wildlife and getting closeup recordings was a lot of fun and ____27____ numerous trips to wild areas. The joy of the ____28____ and catching each animals’ voice was truly satisfying. But, over time, I found myself growing ____29____ with the extraction (提取)-approach to nature recording and instead began to focus on the natural soundscape (音景) ____30____, on the full chorus of sound flowing to my ears at any particular time and place. I ____31____ an interest in what made natural soundscapes beautiful and inspring, and on what groups of sounds affected me in ____32____ ways, which are suitable for relaxation and personal enjoyment. Through repeated, in-depth ____33____ to nature’s melodies (曲调), I soon gained a deep ____34____ of their healing qualities and came to regard myself as a “sound healer”. I ____35____ myself to an herbalist (草药师) who goes into the forests and fields in search of medicinal herbs. 21. A. formal B. primary C. daring D. eventual 22. A. barely B. originally C. incredibly D. alarmingly 23. A. aimed B. drove C. looked D. excelled 24. A. films B. photos C. guides D. speeches 25. A. entries B. exhibits C. productions D. decorations 26. A. lost B. found C. limited D. leaned 27. A. left B. gained C. financed D. involved 28. A. hunt B. trial C. game D. intention 29. A. bored B. angry C. content D. concerned 30. A. for short B. to date C. all at once D. as a whole 31. A. maintained B. developed C. expressed D. abandoned 32. A. curious B. native C. positive D. strong 33. A. analysis B. addiction C. exposure D. reference 34. A. habit B. love C. learning D. appreciation 35. A. compared B. restored C. adjusted D. attached 第二节（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Irina Ianshina, an exchange student from Russia, adopts the Chinese name Lin Wan. “Lin” represents forest in Chinese, reflecting her love for nature, inspired by her outdoor-filled childhood and “Wan”, chosen for its gentle connotations, ____36____ (recommend) by her Chinese friends. Despite the perception that Chinese is one of the most difficult languages to learn, Ianshina has always had a ____37____ (fond) for Chinese culture, even ____38____ (experiment) with calligraphy during her school days in Moscow at 14. Beyond her love for calligraphy, Ianshina chose Hainan also ____39____ its pleasant winter temperatures, fresh air, and especially the seafood. Planning to extend her studies in China, she aims to achieve HSK-4 proficiency, which will enable her effectiveness of communication with native speakers ____40____ (enhance). Anastasiia Zubkova, ____41____ 18-year-old junior from Russia, noted the similarity between Russians and Hainan ____42____ (local) in their shared love for chicken dishes ____43____ expressed her fascination with the wide variety of fruits available in Hainan, a diversity she didn’t find in Russia. “Since the college began admitting international students in 2015, we have enrolled over 100 students from Russia, who have demonstrated ____44____ (exception) academic performance, with most holding undergraduate or ____45____ (advance) degrees,” said Chen Huiyang, Party secretary of HNCST. 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是某国际学校学生会主席。你校最近在策划“心理树洞”(Tree Hole for the Mind)活动，旨在为广大同学提供安全、包容的表达空间，促进真诚沟通。请你写一则通知，鼓励大家积极参与。内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.参与方式； 3.发出倡议。 参考词汇：anonymous匿名的 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之成为一篇完整的短文。 Sara’s family were farmers and grew delicious fruits and vegetables. Sometimes Sara and her sisters would select the best ones to show at the State Fair. One day, Sara was surveying the strawberries. As Sara searched, she suddenly stopped short. Something surprising stood out in front of her. “Suzy! Stacey!” she shouted for her sisters. “Come see!” Her sisters walked over from the stable where they had been feeding the horses. When they got closer, they were shocked. There, growing under a leafy vine, was a strawberry the size of a pumpkin. “Unbelievable!” said Suzy. “I’ve never seen a strawberry that size.” Her sister Stacey suggested they submit the strawberry as their selection to the State Fair. “Such a significant strawberry should stand out from the competition.” Sara and Suzy agreed. The sisters settled on a scheme to support the fruit as much as possible before the fair. Every day, one would sit with the sizable strawberry and sing gentle songs, which did seem to stimulate the strawberry, and its size grew significantly. As Sara hummed, she giggled （咯咯笑） to herself, “This giant could bake a hundred pies!” She remembered her mother’s wisdom: “Never worry over split（裂开的）berries, girls—they’re just begging to become dessert.” In a week, the berry had grown to be as big as a watermelon. After the second week, it was as large as a tractor tire. It was time to take their substantial strawberry to the State Fair. The sisters somehow succeeded in shifting it safely onto the pick-up truck Sara and Suzy sat on either side of the strawberry while Stacey drove. At the fair, the spectators crowded the sisters’ stand to see the surprising strawberry. “Sensational!” said a shoe salesman. “Shocking!” screamed a senior citizen. “Superb!” said the judge of the competition. “I’ve never seen such a splendid superior one! I declare it the Supreme Strawberry of the State Fair!” The sisters screamed at their success. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 However, just at the moment of their victory, the fruit unexpectedly burst open. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly, Sara saw the nearby cake stand. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $