精品解析：陕西省铜川市王益区铜川市王益中学2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

铜川市王益中学2024~2025学年第二学期高二年级期末考试 英语试卷 考生注意： 1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the woman buy Tom at Christmas? A. A toy bear. B. A telescope. C. Some books. 2. Who broke the man’s pen? A. He himself. B. His mom. C. Bella. 3. What time does the man suggest leaving? A. At 2:45. B. At 3:15. C. At 3:45. 4. Where did the woman most probably go just now? A. A bookstore. B. A post office. C. A supermarket. 5. How does the man want to go to the seaside? A. By plane. B. By train. C. By car. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. At home. B. On a bus. C. At a bus stop. 7. How does the woman probably feel? A. Impatient. B. Happy. C. Calm. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the man do a week ago? A. He attended an art club meeting. B. He handed in his physical paper. C. He started writing his English essay. 9. What is the woman’s English essay about? A. The history of a country. B. A typical foreign school day. C. A writer from another country. 10. Who is Simone? A. The speakers’ mother. B. The speakers’ teacher. C. The speakers’ classmate. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the man offer to do for the woman? A. Help her improve her English. B. Introduce her to his neighbors. C. Show her around the neighborhood. 12. When will the woman see her friend Luke? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 13. What will the man’s neighbors bring for the gathering? A. A cake. B. Some coffee. C. Some flowers. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Why does the man make the phone call? A. To extend an invitation. B. To postpone a meeting. C. To get some information. 15. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Watch matches. B. See the flat in person. C. Clean the sitting room. 16. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Relatives. C. Roommates. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speaker say about his school days? A. Busy. B. Boring. C. Disappointing. 18. How long do afternoon classes take in total? A. 3.5 hours. B. 4 hours. C. 4.5 hours. 19. How many sports are mentioned by the speaker? A. Four. B. Three. C. Two. 20. What does the speaker usually do at 9:00 pm? A. Take a bath. B. Listen to music. C. Do his homework. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Best Volunteer Tours Around the World Rainforest and Coastal Conservation in Zanzibar Price: $565 for one week This program takes volunteers to the Jozani Forest in Zanzibar, where they work with the local community to help in conservation efforts. The forest is home to the endangered Red Colobus Monkey, and one of the tasks involves replanting fruit trees for them. Volunteers work on small renovation (翻新) projects and teach local school children about conservation. Hospital & Clinic Support in Kenya Price: $1,695 for two weeks This program, running from 2 to 12 weeks, is ideal for those keen to work in the healthcare sector (部门) in the long run. Depending on their qualifications, volunteers are placed in hospitals and clinics to provide much-needed support to doctors and nurses. Additionally, volunteers can be paired with healthcare providers to offer medical care in rural parts of Limuru. Environmental Conservation Project in Sri Lanka Price: $720 for one week As climate change worsens, travelers around the world are seeking sustainable accommodations and experiences. Being a part of this conservation project allows volunteers to witness and provide solutions to ecological damage in Sri Lanka. Volunteers will help reforest mangroves (红树林), take on beach and river cleanups, and educate the local communities on recycling. Women’s Empowerment and Community Volunteering in India Price: $1,566 for two weeks This two-to eight-week program allows volunteers to bring about a sense of independence in the disadvantaged women of Jaipur. These women are taught not only the basic rights that are given to them by law but also computer courses, basic budgeting and English. This project takes place in the afternoon, as most of these women have to complete their housework in the mornings. 1. Which volunteer tour is the cheapest for one week? A. Hospital & Clinic Support. B. Rainforest and Coastal Conservation. C. Environmental Conservation Project. D. Women’s Empowerment and Community Volunteering. 2. What do volunteers do on the volunteer tour in Sri Lanka? A. Support doctors and nurses. B. Work on renovation projects. C. Educate locals on recycling. D. Teach women computer courses. 3. Why does the Women’s Empowerment and Community Volunteering take place in the afternoon? A. The weather is cooler. B. Local schools are closed. C. Volunteers are more concentrated. D. Most women have finished their housework. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个世界各地的最佳志愿者旅行项目，包括项目地点、价格、时长和具体活动内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据每个项目介绍中的价格信息可知，Rainforest and Coastal Conservation in Zanzibar项目一周的价格为565美元，Hospital & Clinic Support in Kenya项目两周的价格为1,695美元，即一周约为847.5美元，Environmental Conservation Project in Sri Lanka项目一周的价格为720美元，Women’s Empowerment and Community Volunteering in India项目两周的价格为1,566美元，即一周约为783美元。因此，Rainforest and Coastal Conservation in Zanzibar项目一周的价格最便宜。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Environmental Conservation Project in Sri Lanka部分中的“Volunteers will help reforest mangroves, take on beach and river cleanups, and educate the local communities on recycling. (志愿者将帮助重新种植红树林，清理海滩和河流，并向当地社区宣传回收利用。)”可知，在斯里兰卡的志愿者旅行中，志愿者就回收利用相关知识对当地人进行教育。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Women’s Empowerment and Community Volunteering in India部分中的“This project takes place in the afternoon, as most of these women have to complete their housework in the mornings. (这个项目在下午进行，因为这些女性中的大多数人必须在早上完成家务。)”可知，Women’s Empowerment and Community Volunteering项目在下午进行是因为大多数女性已经完成了家务。故选D项。 B From Santa Barbara to Scotland, strangers are becoming friends by going on bike rides together. They get paired up by Cycling Without Age, an organization that helps seniors go for bike rides, even if they can’t pedal themselves. Hugh Lyon and David Lawrence, who are roughly 20 years apart in age, have been riding together for years. The 56-year-old Lawrence serves as a “pilot”, driving the trishaw — a bike with a passenger scat in the front that Cycling Without Age uses for their rides. They go for rides about once a week often discussing the history of their town. “Despite my departed parents, it gives me a connection with people from an older generation.” said Lawrence. “And I enjoy spending time with them and hearing their stories.” The pair have formed a friendship outside of cycling. Lawrence said he called Lyon often and went to the gym with him to help him with exercises he couldn’t do on his own. Ole Kassow, who founded Cycling Without Age, said that’s the power of the program. “The truly powerful thing about these bike rides is that they tie people and stories together to create new relationships.” he told CBS News. “My friendships and the ability to form new relationships at any age are what define a good life, and often also a long and happy life.” John Boettner started the Santa Barbara chapter. He has one rule for passengers. “They say, ‘What does it cost if I’m going to go for a ride?’ I say. ‘Here’s what it costs: You have to wave. If you don’t wave, I’m going to kick you out,’” he joked. He said he liked when they hit red lights, because it gave them a chance to connect with people on the road. “Driving the trishaw is the best advertisement for Cycling Without Age”, Boettner said. “When you take a 101-year-old woman for a bike ride and she holds your hand tight and says thank you and gives you a kiss on the cheek, it doesn’t get any better than that.” 4. What does the term “pilot” refer to in the text? A. A driver of a trishaw. B. A group leader. C. A test version of a project. D. A professional airplane operator. 5. What is the main benefit of the bike rides for the younger riders? A. They learn more about world history. B. They get paid for their time. C. They form connections with the elderly. D. They improve their cycling skills. 6. Who first started Cycling Without Age? A. Hugh Lyon. B. David Lawrence. C. John Boettner. D. Ole Kassow. 7. Why does John Boettner require passengers to wave during the bike rides? A. To keep them awake. B. To make them exercise. C To promote the program. D. To signal to other drivers. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“无龄骑行”组织让年轻人陪老人骑行并建立友谊的故事。 【4题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段“The 56-year-old Lawrence serves as a “pilot”, driving the trishaw — a bike with a passenger scat in the front that Cycling Without Age uses for their rides.(56 岁的劳伦斯担任“pilot”，驾驶着三轮车 —— 一种前面有乘客座位的自行车，“无龄骑行”组织用它来骑行)” 可知，“pilot”指的是三轮车的驾驶者。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段““Despite my departed parents, it gives me a connection with people from an older generation.” said Lawrence. “And I enjoy spending time with them and hearing their stories.”(“尽管我的父母已经去世，但这让我与老一辈人建立了联系。” 劳伦斯说。“而且我喜欢和他们在一起，听他们讲故事。”)”可知，骑行对年轻骑手的主要好处是他们与老年人建立了联系。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Ole Kassow, who founded Cycling Without Age, said that’s the power of the program.(“无龄骑行”组织的创始人奥莱・卡索说，这就是这个项目的力量)”可知，最先创立“无龄骑行”组织的是Ole Kassow。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“He said he liked when they hit red lights, because it gave them a chance to connect with people on the road. “Driving the trishaw is the best advertisement for Cycling Without Age”, Boettner said. “When you take a 101-year-old woman for a bike ride and she holds your hand tight and says thank you and gives you a kiss on the cheek, it doesn’t get any better than that.”(他说他喜欢遇到红灯的时候，因为这给了他们一个与路上的人交流的机会。“驾驶三轮车是无龄骑行最好的广告，”博特纳说。“当你带着一位101岁的老太太去骑自行车，她紧紧握住你的手，说谢谢你，然后在你的脸颊上亲一下，没有比这更好的了。”)”可知，约翰・博特纳要求乘客在骑行时挥手是为了推广这个项目。故选C。 C When you set up a bird feeder in your yard, you might think you’re simply providing a meal for your feathered friends. But a fascinating new study reveals that these seemingly simple devices have a complex history of design. Researchers in Finland have uncovered the surprising evolution (演变) of bird feeder design over the past century. The team examined Finnish newspapers and magazines from the late 19th century to the late 20th century, analyzing all content related to bird feeders. The study’s results paint a picture of constant innovation in bird feeder design. Early designs were simple, often just flat wooden boards. As bird feeding became more popular, designs became more complex. Roofs were added to provide protection for food during rain and snow days. Concerns about cats and other predators (捕食者) led to hanging designs and feeders mounted on tall poles In the mid-20th century, there was a shift towards excluding larger birds. Designs featured smaller openings or were made to be too small for larger birds to use comfortably. Perhaps the most significant change came in the 1980s, when concerns about salmonella (沙门氏菌) led to a complete rethinking of bird feeder design. New models prevented birds from sitting directly above the food, and materials shifted from wood to more easily cleaned metals and plastics While this study provides a fascinating look at the evolution of bird feeder design, it does have some limitations. The research focuses only on Finland, and practices may have differed in other countries. The study relies on published materials, which may not fully represent all bird feeder designs in use at any given time. This study demonstrated that the evolution of bird feeder design serves as a reminder of the unintended consequences of our interactions with nature. Every attempt to solve one problem — keeping out cats, excluding larger birds, or preventing disease transmission creates new challenges and motivates further innovation. 8. What did the Finnish researchers use to study bird feeder design evolution? A. Internet blog posts. B. Interviews with bird experts. C. Advertisements from bird feeder manufacturers. D. Finnish newspapers and magazines. 9. Why were bird feeders designed with roofs? A. To make them easier to clean. B. To attract a wider variety of birds. C. To prevent larger birds from using them. D. To protect the food from rain and snow. 10. What does the underlined word “excluding” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Including. B. Attracting. C. Preventing. D. Protecting. 11. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A The History of Bird Feeding B. The Evolution of Bird Feeder Design C. The Impact of Bird Feeders on Wildlife D. Innovations in Bird Feeding Techniques 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了芬兰研究人员通过研究当地报纸杂志揭示了鸟食器设计在过去一个世纪的演变过程。 8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The team examined Finnish newspapers and magazines from the late 19th century to the late 20th century, analyzing all content related to bird feeders.(该团队研究了从19世纪末到20世纪末芬兰报纸和杂志，分析了所有与喂鸟器相关的内容)”可知，芬兰研究人员使用芬兰报纸和杂志来研究鸟食器设计演变。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Roofs were added to provide protection for food during rain and snow days.(增加了屋顶，以便在雨雪天为食物提供保护)”可知，鸟食器设计有屋顶是为了保护食物不受雨雪侵袭。故选D。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句后文“Designs featured smaller openings or were made to be too small for larger birds to use comfortably.(设计的特点是开口较小，或者太小，大鸟无法舒适地使用)”可知，设计的特点是开口较小，或者太小，大鸟无法舒适地使用，说明是为了防止大鸟进入，故划线词意思是“防止”，与Preventing意思相近。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“When you set up a bird feeder in your yard, you might think you’re simply providing a meal for your feathered friends. But a fascinating new study reveals that these seemingly simple devices have a complex history of design.(当你在院子里安装一个喂鸟器时，你可能认为自己只是在为你的鸟类朋友提供一顿饭。但一项有趣的新研究表明，这些看似简单的设备有着复杂的设计历史)”结合文章主要说明了芬兰研究人员通过研究当地报纸杂志揭示了鸟食器设计在过去一个世纪的演变过程。可知，B选项“鸟食器设计的演变”最符合文章标题。故选B。 D We all know someone who never seems to be on time. But is there a good explanation for why some people are always late? The habit of being late probably results from a number of factors, including time perception (知觉), time management and personality, experts say. “It is likely that there’s a mechanism in the brain that causes some people to be late for meetings because they underestimate the time it will take them to get there,” said Hugo Spiers, a professor of cognitive neuroscience at University College London. “The hippocampus (海马体) is a region of the brain which processes some aspects of time, such as remembering when to do something and how long it takes,” Spiers said. Neurons in the hippocampus acting as “time cells” contribute to our perception and memory of events, but why exactly some people always underestimate time is unclear. One factor may be how familiar we are with space. For the 2017 study, Spiers asked 20 students who had newly moved to London to sketch a map of their college district and estimate travel time to different destinations. While the students’ space estimates expanded if they knew an area well, their estimates of travel time reduced with familiarity. “If you’re very familiar with a space, you start to discount the trouble it will take.” Spiers said. Another environmental factor may be crowdedness. In a 2022 study, researchers asked participants to estimate the length of more or less crowded simulated subway trips. They found that crowded commutes felt like they took 10% longer than less busy rides. Personality also plays a role in running late. Certain personality traits, such as reduced conscientiousness (责任), can cause some people to forget tasks that they had planned ahead of time. Another factor that may influence a person’s timeliness is his or her tendency to multitask. Research has shown that people who multitask are less likely to remember and complete other scheduled tasks on time. 12. What role does the hippocampus play according to the text? A. It processes time-related memory. B. It measures distance accurately. C. It helps with multitasking abilities. D. It predicts future events with precision. 13. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A. The importance of a college district. B. A study on the adaptation of new students. C. The effect of familiarity with space on time estimation. D. The influence of environmental factors on travel time. 14. Which of the following factors is least likely to be related to being late according to the text? A. Familiarity with space. B. The brain’s perception of time. C. The speed of a person’s walking. D. The crowdedness of public transportation. 15. In which section of a website can we probably read the text? A. Health Culture. B. Entertainment News. C. Education and Learning. D. Lifestyle and Psychology. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文。主要探讨从大脑机制、空间熟悉度、环境拥挤度和人格特质等多个角度，科学分析了导致人们迟到行为的各种因素。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句““The hippocampus is a region of the brain which processes some aspects of time, such as remembering when to do something and how long it takes,” Spiers said. (Spiers说：“海马体是大脑中处理与时间有关的方面的区域，比如记住什么时候该做什么事情以及需要多长时间。)”可知，海马体的功能是处理与时间相关的记忆。故选A项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。第四段主要描述了一项关于空间熟悉度对时间估计影响的研究。根据第四段第三句“While the students’ space estimates expanded if they knew an area well, their estimates of travel time reduced with familiarity. (当学生们对一个区域很熟悉时，他们对空间的估计会扩大，但对旅行时间的估计会随着熟悉度的增加而减少。)可知，本段重点讨论空间熟悉度如何影响时间估计。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。全文共六段，第一段是总起段，后面泽讨论了导致迟到的多个因素，包括：海马体对时间的处理（第二、三段）、空间熟悉度（第四段）、环境拥挤度（第五段）和人格特质（第六段）。唯独没有提到“步行速度”这个因素。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。全文从心理学和神经科学的角度分析了迟到的原因，属于生活心理学的范畴。根据最后一段第一句“Personality also plays a role in running late. (人格特质也会影响迟到行为。)等心理学相关论述可知，最可能读到该文的应是某网站上“生活方式与心理学”这一栏目。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Research shows that positively anticipating the future is a highly effective way to create positive emotions. The future doesn't have to be far away or a grand ambition. ___16___. These may create more happiness for you. ___17___. These small things keep you excited about your progress. You can anticipate having a nice meal with a friend or going for a walk in a beautiful place. Scheduling regular activities that you enjoy and look forward to is an important skill for keeping a positive mindset. Create a wish board To create a bigger picture of positive life events to anticipate, gather images and words that represent your dreams and goals. ___18___. This visual reminder keeps you focused on your goal and can boost your motivation. Visualize positive results Spend some time each day visualizing yourself achieving your goals. Picture the details, feel the emotions, and immerse (使沉浸) yourself in the experience. Couple this with seeing yourself taking some steps toward achieving the goal. ___19___. Keep a gratitude journal with a future perspective While gratitude journals typically focus on the present, try adding a future angle. ___20___. Don't forget to carefully feel the emotion when writing. Remember, gratitude isn't an intellectual exercise, it is an actual emotion. A. Learn to relax B. Plan regular, enjoyable activities C. Positive emotions can make you more productive D. Arrange them on a board where you can see them daily E. This kind of practice increases the likelihood of achieving your goal F. Write about what you're grateful for now and what you look forward to G. Here are some ways to help you spend more time focusing on your future 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种帮助人们更多地关注未来，创造积极情绪的方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Research shows that positively anticipating the future is a highly effective way to create positive emotions. The future doesn't have to be far away or a grand ambition. (研究表明，积极预期未来是创造积极情绪的一种非常有效的方法。未来不一定遥远，也不一定是一个宏伟的抱负。)”以及下文列举的方法可知，此处应是引出下文的方法。G选项“Here are some ways to help you spend more time focusing on your future (这里有一些方法可以帮助你花更多时间关注你的未来)”承上启下。故选G项。 【17题详解】 根据设空位置和下文“These small things keep you excited about your progress. You can anticipate having a nice meal with a friend or going for a walk in a beautiful place. Scheduling regular activities that you enjoy and look forward to is an important skill for keeping a positive mindset. (这些小事会让你对自己的进步感到兴奋。你可以期待和朋友一起美餐一顿，或者在美丽的地方散步。定期安排你喜欢并期待的活动是保持积极心态的一项重要技能。)”可知，此段主要讲的是要定期安排愉快的活动。B选项“Plan regular, enjoyable activities (定期安排愉快的活动)”概括下文主旨，可作为此段的小标题。故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“To create a bigger picture of positive life events to anticipate, gather images and words that represent your dreams and goals. (为了创造一个更宏大的积极生活事件图景，收集代表你梦想和目标的图像和文字。)”以及下文“This visual reminder keeps you focused on your goal and can boost your motivation. (这种视觉提醒能让你专注于目标，并能激发你的动力。)”可知，此处应是关于如何处理收集到的图像和文字。D选项“Arrange them on a board where you can see them daily (把它们排列在一块你能每天看到的板上)”中，“them”指代上文提到的“images and words”，且这种做法能形成视觉提醒，符合情境。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Spend some time each day visualizing yourself achieving your goals. Picture the details, feel the emotions, and immerse (使沉浸) yourself in the experience. Couple this with seeing yourself taking some steps toward achieving the goal. (每天花点时间想象自己实现目标。想象细节，感受情绪，让自己沉浸在这种体验中。再加上看到自己朝着实现目标采取了一些行动。)”可知，此处应是关于这种做法的好处。E选项“This kind of practice increases the likelihood of achieving your goal (这种做法增加了实现目标的可能性)”承接上文。故选E项。 【20题详解】 根据小标题和上文“While gratitude journals typically focus on the present, try adding a future perspective. (虽然感恩日记通常关注当下，但试着加入未来的视角。)”可知，此处应是关于如何在感恩日记中加入未来视角。F选项“Write about what you're grateful for now and what you look forward to (写下你现在感激的事情以及你期待的事情)”承接上文，符合语境。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Emily Johnson, a firefighter at the Redwood Fire Department, was working at the Redwood Resort in the forest. She had less than one year of experience, but that didn’t stop her from taking charge of a(n) ____21____ situation. “The first indication that there was a(n) ____22____ was that I noticed smoke rising from the treetops, and I tried my best to recall the ____23____ I had learned during the previous training and ____24____ it to read the smoke and how close the fire was,” she said. Soon, an evacuation order was issued for Redwood National Forest and the electricity was cut off. Because it was midnight, Emily started ____25____ each door to wake up the guests at the resort. Then she was ____26____ that there was a campsite nearby and the campers there were unaware of the ____27____ to evacuate quickly. So she walked up the trail to bring them down. There, she ____28____ 16 people on a four-hour hike through darkness, to where her truck was ____29____. Finally, Emily depended on her knowledge of the area and her training to lead the people to a ____30____ place. She also managed to keep things ____31____ during the evacuation. “The situation had to be taken seriously, but I should make sure nobody would get ____32____. I told a couple of ____33____ along the way and had a couple of good laughs. And in the end, everybody got out soundly, which was the main thing that I had to guarantee.” She credited her quick ____34____ in the evacuation to the training she had received from the Redwood Fire Department and her mom Laura that prepared her. When Redwood Fire Chief Mark Thompson heard the news of Emily’s delicacy (机敏) in Redwood, he said simply and ____35____, “That’s her.” 21. A. familiar B. dangerous C. awkward D. popular 22. A. tourist B. animal C. fire D. shock 23. A. knowledge B. introduction C. announcement D. explanation 24. A. observed B. questioned C. accepted D. employed 25. A. breaking down B. looking at C. stepping through D. knocking on 26. A. persuaded B. informed C. promised D. taught 27. A. need B. decision C. custom D. ability 28. A. called B. visited C. joined D. guided 29. A. used B. parked C. loaded D. filled 30. A. safe B. convenient C. comfortable D. noisy 31. A. quiet B. light C. balanced D. special 32. A. alarmed B. tired C. happy D. relaxed 33. A. lies B. facts C. jokes D. secrets 34. A. review B. chat C. getaway D. reaction 35. A. appropriately B. sharply C. proudly D. angrily 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了消防员Emily Johnson在森林度假村处理火灾险情的经历。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她仅有不到一年工作经验，但这并未阻止她掌控住一个危险的局面。A. familiar熟悉的；B. dangerous危险的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. popular流行的。第二段的“smoke rising from the treetops”和“how close the fire was”直接指向危险情境。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“最初发现有火灾的迹象是，我注意到树梢处有烟雾升起，于是我竭尽全力回忆起之前培训中学到的知识，并运用这些知识来判断烟雾的状况以及火灾的距离。”她说道。A. tourist游客；B. animal动物；C. fire火灾；D. shock震惊。 根据下文的“I noticed smoke rising from the treetops”可知，此处指的是有火灾的迹象。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“最初发现有火灾的迹象是，我注意到树梢处有烟雾升起，于是我竭尽全力回忆起之前培训中学到的知识，并运用这些知识来判断烟雾的状况以及火灾的距离。”她说道。A. knowledge知识；B. introduction介绍；C. announcement通知；D. explanation解释。根据下文的“I had learned during the previous training”可知，此处指的是培训中学到的知识。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“最初发现有火灾的迹象是，我注意到树梢处有烟雾升起，于是我竭尽全力回忆起之前培训中学到的知识，并运用这些知识来判断烟雾的状况以及火灾的距离。”她说道。A. observed观察；B. questioned质疑；C. accepted接受；D. employed运用。根据上文的“recall the ____ I had learned during the previous training”和下文的“to read the smoke and how close the fire was”可知，这里指运用培训学到的知识。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为是午夜，Emily开始挨个敲门叫醒度假村的客人。A. breaking down出故障；B. looking at查看；C. stepping through穿过；D. knocking on敲击。根据空格后的“each door to wake up the guests at the resort”可知，此处指的是敲门叫醒度假村的客人。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随后她被告知附近有个露营地，露营者未意识到需要快速撤离。A. persuaded说服；B. informed告知；C. promised承诺；D. taught教导。根据下文的“there was a campsite nearby and the campers there were unaware of the ____ to evacuate quickly. So she walked up the trail to bring them down.”可知，她肯定是先被告知了露营者的情况，然后她沿着小路走，把他们带下来。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随后她被告知附近有个露营地，露营者未意识到需要快速撤离。A. need需要；B. decision决定；C. custom习俗；D. ability能力。根据下文的“to evacuate quickly”和“bring them down”可知，他们需要快速撤离。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她带领16个人在黑暗中徒步走了四个小时，走到她停卡车的地方。A. called呼叫；B. visited拜访；C. joined加入；D. guided带领。根据下文“lead the people”可知，这里是带领的意思。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她带领16个人在黑暗中徒步走了四个小时，走到她停卡车的地方。A. used使用；B. parked停车；C. loaded装载；D. filled填满。根据空格前的“where her truck was”可知，这里表示车停放的地方。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，Emily凭借她对这片区域的了解以及所接受的训练，带领人们安全地到达了一个安全的地方。A. safe安全的；B. convenient方便的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. noisy嘈杂的。根据上文的“evacuate quickly”可知，疏散肯定是把人带到安全地方。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在疏散过程中，她也设法让气氛轻松。A. quiet安静的；B. light轻松的；C. balanced平衡的；D. special特殊的。根据下文“had a couple of good laughs”可知，这里指让气氛轻松。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种情况必须得到认真对待，但我得确保不会让任何人感到恐慌。A. alarmed惊慌的；B. tired疲惫的；C. happy开心的；D. relaxed放松的。根据上文“I told a couple of ____ along the way and had a couple of good laughs.”可知，她的做法是为了不让大家惊慌。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：途中我讲了几则笑话，让大家开怀大笑。A. lies谎言；B. facts事实；C. jokes笑话；D. secrets秘密。根据下文的“had a couple of good laughs”可知，她讲的是笑话。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她将自己在撤离过程中的迅速反应归功于她从雷德伍德消防部门以及她的母亲Laura那里所接受的训练，正是这些训练使她做好了准备。A. review回顾；B. chat闲聊；C. getaway逃离；D. reaction反应。根据空格前的“her quick”和下文的“in the evacuation”可知，此处指的是她的快速反应能力。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当雷德伍德消防队队长Mark Thompson得知Emily在雷德伍德表现出的机敏之处时，他简单而自豪地说道：“那就是她。”A. appropriately恰当地；B. sharply尖锐地；C. proudly自豪地；D. angrily愤怒地。结尾评价性话语“that’s her”体现认可，proudly符合领导对下属的褒奖语境。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Laura was young, she never imagined that she would live in China one day. When she was in France, she sometimes watched Chinese dragon and lion ____36____ (dance) with her family. In 2010,Laura visited China for the first time. In Suzhou, she toured the classical gardens. She became more and more ____37____ (interest) in China. After returning to France, she thought she must go to China again ____38____ (learn) Chinese and Chinese culture. Then she learned Chinese by ____39____ (she) day and night and finally came to Nanjing University as ____40____ exchange student in 2015. In Nanjing, she met a young Chinese man ____41____ later became her husband. After finishing her Chinese studies, Laura stayed in this city and worked hard with her husband. In 2019, they had a child. It was also in that year that Laura chose to give up her career in Nanjing and return to her ____42____ (husband) hometown with him together. From then on, they started a new career on short video platforms, drawing inspiration from cultural ____43____ (different) in their life. In addition ____44____ her success on online platforms, Laura has another dream. She _____45_____ (hope) to open a French restaurant there so that more people can enjoy her hometown food. 【答案】36. dances 37. interested 38. to learn 39. herself 40. an 41. who##that 42. husband’s 43. differences##difference 44. to 45. hopes 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Laura因对中华文化的好奇与热爱，从学习中文到在中国生活、创业，并梦想开法国餐厅分享家乡美食的故事。 【36题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：当她在法国时，她有时会和家人一起观看中国的舞龙舞狮表演。结合语意可知，此处表示“舞龙舞狮表演”，两种表演，用复数形式dances作宾语。故填dances。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她对中国越来越感兴趣。“become interested in...”是固定搭配，意为 “对…… 感兴趣”，空处应用形容词interested。故填interested。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：回到法国后，她认为自己必须再次去中国学习汉语和中国文化。结合语意可知，她再次去中国的目的是学习汉语和文化，所以空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to learn。 【39题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：然后她日夜自学汉语，最终在 2015 年作为交换生来到南京大学。by oneself是固定搭配，意为“独自，靠自己”，主语是she，用反身代词 herself。故填herself。 【40题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：然后她日夜自学汉语，最终在 2015 年作为交换生来到南京大学。表示 “一名交换生”，应用不定冠词，exchange发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在南京，她遇到了一位年轻的中国男子，后来他成了她的丈夫。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是“a young Chinese man”，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，可用“who” 或“that”引导。故填who/that。 【42题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：也就在那一年，劳拉选择放弃在南京的工作，和丈夫一起回到他的家乡。这里表示“丈夫的家乡”，用名词所有格“husband’s”。故填husband’s。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：从那时起，他们在短视频平台上开启了新的事业，从他们生活中的文化差异中汲取灵感。“cultural”是形容词，后接名词，“different”的名词形式是“difference”，此处既可用单数也可用复数作宾语。故填difference(s)。 【44题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：除了在网络平台上取得成功，劳拉还有另一个梦想。“in addition to...” 是固定搭配，意为“除…… 之外（还）”。故填to。 【45题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她希望在那里开一家法国餐厅，让更多人能品尝到她家乡的美食。句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语“She”是第三人称单数，谓语动词“hope”用第三人称单数形式“hopes”。故填hopes。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华。你校英语报将举办主题为“How to Develop Healthy Habits”的征文活动。请你作为此次活动负责人写一篇通知，欢迎大家踊跃投稿。内容包括： 1.健康习惯的重要性； 2.投稿的内容； 3.投稿邮箱与截止日期。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your participation! School English Newspaper 【答案】One possible version: Notice I am excited to announce that our school’s English newspaper is organizing a writing competition on the crucial topic of “How to Develop Healthy Habits”. Health is the most important thing, and building healthy habits can significantly improve our happiness. We sincerely invite you to participate by submitting articles that explore the importance of maintaining healthy habits and offer practical advice on how to develop them. Your writing is supposed to inspire others to adopt healthier lifestyles. Please ensure your submissions are sent to englishnews@school.com by November 1st. We look forward to reading your insightful contributions. Thank you for your participation! School English Newspaper 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为征文活动写一篇通知，介绍健康习惯的重要性，欢迎大家踊跃投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：excited→thrilled 重要的：important→vital 应该：be supposed to→ought to 确保：ensure→make sure 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Health is the most important thing, and building healthy habits can significantly improve our happiness. 拓展句：Not only is health the most important thing, but also building healthy habits can significantly improve our happiness. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We sincerely invite you to participate by submitting articles that explore the importance of maintaining healthy habits and offer practical advice on how to develop them.（运用了动名词作宾语和that引导定语从句） 【高分句型2】Health is the most important thing, and building healthy habits can significantly improve our happiness.（运用了动名词作主语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One day, my dad brought home a huge surprise — a hamster, Mr. Nibbles. My brothers and I were very excited. I whispered to it, “Hello, Mr. Nibbles. I already love you so much.” My mom reminded us that we were only watching him for a week or two since Mike from the grocery store, who was moving, found out at the last minute he couldn’t take the hamster with him. We had agreed to look after Mr. Nibbles until we found someone to take him in, even though we already had cats. I begged my parents to let us keep him, promising we wouldn’t let the cats near him. My brothers, Tex and Indi also joined in, offering to help clean his cage and ensure he had plenty of food and water. After exchanging looks, my mom announced, “Well, Mr. Nibbles, you may have found yourself a new home!” It took a few weeks for our fuzzy (毛茸茸的) friend to get comfortable. At first, he would only stick his head out of his nest area to take a little water and fill his cheeks with food. But once he settled in, he became happy and playful. When unhappy, he would also make a scritchy-scratchy (刺耳的) sound. Having Mr. Nibbles around made our summer way more fun. Before we knew it, it was time to return to school. I was excited to see friends I hadn’t seen in a long time, but I was also nervous about all the new things. To prepare, I planned to wake up early, put on my carefully laid-out clothes, eat my carefully chosen breakfast, make my carefully thought-out lunch, and place it in my carefully arranged backpack. I’d ride my carefully cleaned bike to school, enter my brand-new classroom, and feel confident. Everything was going according to plan until it wasn’t. My new teacher, Mr. Jax, who seemed very serious, started by going over the class rules. Then he asked each of us to say something about our summer. Most kids were shy after being apart for a while and only said a few words. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As Alice talked about her family’s road trip, I heard a familiar scritchy-scratchy sound coming from under my desk. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Luckily, even though Mr. Jax was serious, he was also really nice. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: As Alice talked about her family’s road trip, I heard a familiar scritchy-scratchy sound coming from under my desk. Was I imagining it? I opened my backpack and quickly closed it again. I had no idea when, why, or how Mr. Nibbles got into my backpack, but there he was! My heart started beating super fast, and my stomach felt super uncomfortable. This was definitely not how my first day back at school was supposed to go! Mr. Jax noticed and asked if I was all right. Now everyone was looking at me, and I wanted to disappear. Once I was calm enough, I explained what was going on. Luckily, even though Mr. Jax was serious, he was also really nice. He found a deep bin, put a box and a little bowl of water in it, and asked the class if anyone had ideas to help Mr. Nibbles feel more comfortable. As we discussed ways to help Mr. Nibbles, I realized we all seemed to be relaxing a little. Trying to figure out how to help Mr. Nibbles helped all of us feel less anxious. It wasn’t too bad. It was an impressive day. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。爸爸带回一只仓鼠，作者和兄弟们帮忙照顾并成功说服父母留下它。仓鼠让夏天充满乐趣。开学后作者按计划准备，却遇新老师让介绍暑假。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“Alice谈论家庭公路旅行时，我听到桌子下传来熟悉的刺耳声。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现仓鼠在背包里的惊慌，向老师解释时的窘迫。 ②由第二段句首内容“幸运的是，尽管Jax先生严肃但很好。”可知，第二段可描写老师安置仓鼠、引导全班想办法让它舒适，以及大家因此放松、缓解开学焦虑的过程。 2.续写线索：课堂上发现仓鼠在背包—惊慌后向老师解释—老师安置仓鼠—全班讨论如何帮助仓鼠—大家放松并缓解焦虑—难忘的开学第一天 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①注意到：notice → observe/spot ②解释：explain → clarify ③放置：put→place 情绪类 ①焦虑的：anxious → nervous/worried ②难忘的：impressive → memorable/unforgettable 【点睛】【高分句型1】Mr. Jax noticed and asked if I was all right. (运用了if引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】As we discussed ways to help Mr. Nibbles, I realized we all seemed to be relaxing a little. (运用了As引导的时间状语从句、省略引导词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 铜川市王益中学2024~2025学年第二学期高二年级期末考试 英语试卷 考生注意： 1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the woman buy Tom at Christmas? A. A toy bear. B. A telescope. C. Some books. 2. Who broke the man’s pen? A. He himself. B. His mom. C. Bella. 3. What time does the man suggest leaving? A. At 2:45. B. At 3:15. C. At 3:45. 4. Where did the woman most probably go just now? A. A bookstore. B. A post office. C. A supermarket. 5. How does the man want to go to the seaside? A. By plane. B. By train. C. By car. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. At home. B. On a bus. C. At a bus stop. 7. How does the woman probably feel? A. Impatient. B. Happy. C. Calm. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the man do a week ago? A. He attended an art club meeting. B. He handed in his physical paper. C. He started writing his English essay. 9. What is the woman’s English essay about? A. The history of a country. B. A typical foreign school day. C. A writer from another country. 10. Who is Simone? A. The speakers’ mother. B. The speakers’ teacher. C. The speakers’ classmate. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the man offer to do for the woman? A. Help her improve her English. B. Introduce her to his neighbors. C. Show her around the neighborhood. 12. When will the woman see her friend Luke? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 13. What will the man’s neighbors bring for the gathering? A A cake. B. Some coffee. C. Some flowers. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Why does the man make the phone call? A. To extend an invitation. B. To postpone a meeting. C. To get some information. 15. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Watch matches. B. See the flat in person. C. Clean the sitting room. 16. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Relatives. C. Roommates. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speaker say about his school days? A. Busy. B. Boring. C. Disappointing. 18. How long do afternoon classes take in total? A. 3.5 hours. B. 4 hours. C. 4.5 hours. 19. How many sports are mentioned by the speaker? A. Four. B. Three. C. Two. 20. What does the speaker usually do at 9:00 pm? A. Take a bath. B. Listen to music. C. Do his homework. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Best Volunteer Tours Around the World Rainforest and Coastal Conservation in Zanzibar Price: $565 for one week This program takes volunteers to the Jozani Forest in Zanzibar, where they work with the local community to help in conservation efforts. The forest is home to the endangered Red Colobus Monkey, and one of the tasks involves replanting fruit trees for them. Volunteers work on small renovation (翻新) projects and teach local school children about conservation. Hospital & Clinic Support in Kenya Price: $1,695 for two weeks This program, running from 2 to 12 weeks, is ideal for those keen to work in the healthcare sector (部门) in the long run. Depending on their qualifications, volunteers are placed in hospitals and clinics to provide much-needed support to doctors and nurses. Additionally, volunteers can be paired with healthcare providers to offer medical care in rural parts of Limuru. Environmental Conservation Project in Sri Lanka Price: $720 for one week As climate change worsens travelers around the world are seeking sustainable accommodations and experiences. Being a part of this conservation project allows volunteers to witness and provide solutions to ecological damage in Sri Lanka. Volunteers will help reforest mangroves (红树林), take on beach and river cleanups, and educate the local communities on recycling. Women’s Empowerment and Community Volunteering in India Price: $1,566 for two weeks This two-to eight-week program allows volunteers to bring about a sense of independence in the disadvantaged women of Jaipur. These women are taught not only the basic rights that are given to them by law but also computer courses, basic budgeting and English. This project takes place in the afternoon, as most of these women have to complete their housework in the mornings. 1. Which volunteer tour is the cheapest for one week? A. Hospital & Clinic Support. B. Rainforest and Coastal Conservation. C. Environmental Conservation Project. D. Women’s Empowerment and Community Volunteering. 2. What do volunteers do on the volunteer tour in Sri Lanka? A. Support doctors and nurses. B. Work on renovation projects. C. Educate locals on recycling. D. Teach women computer courses. 3. Why does the Women’s Empowerment and Community Volunteering take place in the afternoon? A. The weather is cooler. B. Local schools are closed. C. Volunteers are more concentrated. D. Most women have finished their housework. B From Santa Barbara to Scotland, strangers are becoming friends by going on bike rides together. They get paired up by Cycling Without Age, an organization that helps seniors go for bike rides, even if they can’t pedal themselves. Hugh Lyon and David Lawrence, who are roughly 20 years apart in age, have been riding together for years. The 56-year-old Lawrence serves as a “pilot”, driving the trishaw — a bike with a passenger scat in the front that Cycling Without Age uses for their rides. They go for rides about once a week often discussing the history of their town. “Despite my departed parents, it gives me a connection with people from an older generation.” said Lawrence. “And I enjoy spending time with them and hearing their stories.” The pair have formed a friendship outside of cycling. Lawrence said he called Lyon often and went to the gym with him to help him with exercises he couldn’t do on his own. Ole Kassow, who founded Cycling Without Age, said that’s the power of the program. “The truly powerful thing about these bike rides is that they tie people and stories together to create new relationships.” he told CBS News. “My friendships and the ability to form new relationships at any age are what define a good life, and often also a long and happy life.” John Boettner started the Santa Barbara chapter. He has one rule for passengers. “They say, ‘What does it cost if I’m going to go for a ride?’ I say. ‘Here’s what it costs: You have to wave. If you don’t wave, I’m going to kick you out,’” he joked. He said he liked when they hit red lights, because it gave them a chance to connect with people on the road. “Driving the trishaw is the best advertisement for Cycling Without Age”, Boettner said. “When you take a 101-year-old woman for a bike ride and she holds your hand tight and says thank you and gives you a kiss on the cheek, it doesn’t get any better than that.” 4. What does the term “pilot” refer to in the text? A. A driver of a trishaw. B. A group leader. C. A test version of a project. D. A professional airplane operator. 5 What is the main benefit of the bike rides for the younger riders? A. They learn more about world history. B. They get paid for their time. C. They form connections with the elderly. D. They improve their cycling skills. 6. Who first started Cycling Without Age? A. Hugh Lyon. B. David Lawrence. C. John Boettner. D. Ole Kassow. 7. Why does John Boettner require passengers to wave during the bike rides? A. To keep them awake. B. To make them exercise. C. To promote the program. D. To signal to other drivers. C When you set up a bird feeder in your yard, you might think you’re simply providing a meal for your feathered friends. But a fascinating new study reveals that these seemingly simple devices have a complex history of design. Researchers in Finland have uncovered the surprising evolution (演变) of bird feeder design over the past century. The team examined Finnish newspapers and magazines from the late 19th century to the late 20th century, analyzing all content related to bird feeders. The study’s results paint a picture of constant innovation in bird feeder design. Early designs were simple, often just flat wooden boards. As bird feeding became more popular, designs became more complex. Roofs were added to provide protection for food during rain and snow days. Concerns about cats and other predators (捕食者) led to hanging designs and feeders mounted on tall poles In the mid-20th century, there was a shift towards excluding larger birds. Designs featured smaller openings or were made to be too small for larger birds to use comfortably. Perhaps the most significant change came in the 1980s, when concerns about salmonella (沙门氏菌) led to a complete rethinking of bird feeder design. New models prevented birds from sitting directly above the food, and materials shifted from wood to more easily cleaned metals and plastics While this study provides a fascinating look at the evolution of bird feeder design, it does have some limitations. The research focuses only on Finland, and practices may have differed in other countries. The study relies on published materials, which may not fully represent all bird feeder designs in use at any given time. This study demonstrated that the evolution of bird feeder design serves as a reminder of the unintended consequences of our interactions with nature. Every attempt to solve one problem — keeping out cats, excluding larger birds, or preventing disease transmission creates new challenges and motivates further innovation. 8. What did the Finnish researchers use to study bird feeder design evolution? A. Internet blog posts. B. Interviews with bird experts. C. Advertisements from bird feeder manufacturers. D. Finnish newspapers and magazines. 9. Why were bird feeders designed with roofs? A. To make them easier to clean. B. To attract a wider variety of birds. C. To prevent larger birds from using them. D. To protect the food from rain and snow. 10. What does the underlined word “excluding” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Including. B. Attracting. C. Preventing. D. Protecting. 11. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. The History of Bird Feeding B. The Evolution of Bird Feeder Design C. The Impact of Bird Feeders on Wildlife D. Innovations in Bird Feeding Techniques D We all know someone who never seems to be on time. But is there a good explanation for why some people are always late? The habit of being late probably results from a number of factors, including time perception (知觉), time management and personality, experts say. “It is likely that there’s a mechanism in the brain that causes some people to be late for meetings because they underestimate the time it will take them to get there,” said Hugo Spiers, a professor of cognitive neuroscience at University College London. “The hippocampus (海马体) is a region of the brain which processes some aspects of time, such as remembering when to do something and how long it takes,” Spiers said. Neurons in the hippocampus acting as “time cells” contribute to our perception and memory of events, but why exactly some people always underestimate time is unclear. One factor may be how familiar we are with space. For the 2017 study, Spiers asked 20 students who had newly moved to London to sketch a map of their college district and estimate travel time to different destinations. While the students’ space estimates expanded if they knew an area well, their estimates of travel time reduced with familiarity. “If you’re very familiar with a space, you start to discount the trouble it will take.” Spiers said. Another environmental factor may be crowdedness. In a 2022 study, researchers asked participants to estimate the length of more or less crowded simulated subway trips. They found that crowded commutes felt like they took 10% longer than less busy rides. Personality also plays a role in running late. Certain personality traits, such as reduced conscientiousness (责任), can cause some people to forget tasks that they had planned ahead of time. Another factor that may influence a person’s timeliness is his or her tendency to multitask. Research has shown that people who multitask are less likely to remember and complete other scheduled tasks on time. 12. What role does the hippocampus play according to the text? A. It processes time-related memory. B. It measures distance accurately. C. It helps with multitasking abilities. D. It predicts future events with precision. 13. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A. The importance of a college district. B. A study on the adaptation of new students. C. The effect of familiarity with space on time estimation. D. The influence of environmental factors on travel time. 14. Which of the following factors is least likely to be related to being late according to the text? A. Familiarity with space. B. The brain’s perception of time. C. The speed of a person’s walking. D. The crowdedness of public transportation. 15. In which section of a website can we probably read the text? A. Health Culture. B. Entertainment News. C. Education and Learning. D. Lifestyle and Psychology. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Research shows that positively anticipating the future is a highly effective way to create positive emotions. The future doesn't have to be far away or a grand ambition. ___16___. These may create more happiness for you. ___17___. These small things keep you excited about your progress. You can anticipate having a nice meal with a friend or going for a walk in a beautiful place. Scheduling regular activities that you enjoy and look forward to is an important skill for keeping a positive mindset. Create a wish board To create a bigger picture of positive life events to anticipate, gather images and words that represent your dreams and goals. ___18___. This visual reminder keeps you focused on your goal and can boost your motivation. Visualize positive results Spend some time each day visualizing yourself achieving your goals. Picture the details, feel the emotions, and immerse (使沉浸) yourself in the experience. Couple this with seeing yourself taking some steps toward achieving the goal. ___19___. Keep a gratitude journal with a future perspective While gratitude journals typically focus on the present, try adding a future angle. ___20___. Don't forget to carefully feel the emotion when writing. Remember, gratitude isn't an intellectual exercise, it is an actual emotion. A. Learn to relax B. Plan regular, enjoyable activities C. Positive emotions can make you more productive D Arrange them on a board where you can see them daily E. This kind of practice increases the likelihood of achieving your goal F. Write about what you're grateful for now and what you look forward to G. Here are some ways to help you spend more time focusing on your future 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Emily Johnson, a firefighter at the Redwood Fire Department, was working at the Redwood Resort in the forest. She had less than one year of experience, but that didn’t stop her from taking charge of a(n) ____21____ situation. “The first indication that there was a(n) ____22____ was that I noticed smoke rising from the treetops, and I tried my best to recall the ____23____ I had learned during the previous training and ____24____ it to read the smoke and how close the fire was,” she said. Soon, an evacuation order was issued for Redwood National Forest and the electricity was cut off. Because it was midnight, Emily started ____25____ each door to wake up the guests at the resort. Then she was ____26____ that there was a campsite nearby and the campers there were unaware of the ____27____ to evacuate quickly. So she walked up the trail to bring them down. There, she ____28____ 16 people on a four-hour hike through darkness, to where her truck was ____29____. Finally, Emily depended on her knowledge of the area and her training to lead the people to a ____30____ place. She also managed to keep things ____31____ during the evacuation. “The situation had to be taken seriously, but I should make sure nobody would get ____32____. I told a couple of ____33____ along the way and had a couple of good laughs. And in the end, everybody got out soundly, which was the main thing that I had to guarantee.” She credited her quick ____34____ in the evacuation to the training she had received from the Redwood Fire Department and her mom Laura that prepared her. When Redwood Fire Chief Mark Thompson heard the news of Emily’s delicacy (机敏) in Redwood, he said simply and ____35____, “That’s her.” 21. A. familiar B. dangerous C. awkward D. popular 22. A. tourist B. animal C. fire D. shock 23. A. knowledge B. introduction C. announcement D. explanation 24. A. observed B. questioned C. accepted D. employed 25. A. breaking down B. looking at C. stepping through D. knocking on 26. A. persuaded B. informed C. promised D. taught 27. A. need B. decision C. custom D. ability 28. A. called B. visited C. joined D. guided 29. A. used B. parked C. loaded D. filled 30. A. safe B. convenient C. comfortable D. noisy 31. A. quiet B. light C. balanced D. special 32. A. alarmed B. tired C. happy D. relaxed 33. A. lies B. facts C. jokes D. secrets 34. A. review B. chat C. getaway D. reaction 35. A. appropriately B. sharply C. proudly D. angrily 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Laura was young, she never imagined that she would live in China one day. When she was in France, she sometimes watched Chinese dragon and lion ____36____ (dance) with her family. In 2010,Laura visited China for the first time. In Suzhou, she toured the classical gardens. She became more and more ____37____ (interest) in China. After returning to France, she thought she must go to China again ____38____ (learn) Chinese and Chinese culture. Then she learned Chinese by ____39____ (she) day and night and finally came to Nanjing University as ____40____ exchange student in 2015. In Nanjing, she met a young Chinese man ____41____ later became her husband. After finishing her Chinese studies, Laura stayed in this city and worked hard with her husband. In 2019, they had a child. It was also in that year that Laura chose to give up her career in Nanjing and return to her ____42____ (husband) hometown with him together. From then on, they started a new career on short video platforms, drawing inspiration from cultural ____43____ (different) in their life. In addition ____44____ her success on online platforms, Laura has another dream. She _____45_____ (hope) to open a French restaurant there so that more people can enjoy her hometown food. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华。你校英语报将举办主题为“How to Develop Healthy Habits”的征文活动。请你作为此次活动负责人写一篇通知，欢迎大家踊跃投稿。内容包括： 1.健康习惯重要性； 2.投稿的内容； 3.投稿邮箱与截止日期。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your participation! School English Newspaper 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One day, my dad brought home a huge surprise — a hamster, Mr. Nibbles. My brothers and I were very excited. I whispered to it, “Hello, Mr. Nibbles. I already love you so much.” My mom reminded us that we were only watching him for a week or two since Mike from the grocery store, who was moving, found out at the last minute he couldn’t take the hamster with him. We had agreed to look after Mr. Nibbles until we found someone to take him in, even though we already had cats. I begged my parents to let us keep him, promising we wouldn’t let the cats near him. My brothers, Tex and Indi also joined in, offering to help clean his cage and ensure he had plenty of food and water. After exchanging looks, my mom announced, “Well, Mr. Nibbles, you may have found yourself a new home!” It took a few weeks for our fuzzy (毛茸茸的) friend to get comfortable. At first, he would only stick his head out of his nest area to take a little water and fill his cheeks with food. But once he settled in, he became happy and playful. When unhappy, he would also make a scritchy-scratchy (刺耳的) sound. Having Mr. Nibbles around made our summer way more fun. Before we knew it, it was time to return to school. I was excited to see friends I hadn’t seen in a long time, but I was also nervous about all the new things. To prepare, I planned to wake up early, put on my carefully laid-out clothes, eat my carefully chosen breakfast, make my carefully thought-out lunch, and place it in my carefully arranged backpack. I’d ride my carefully cleaned bike to school, enter my brand-new classroom, and feel confident. Everything was going according to plan until it wasn’t. My new teacher, Mr. Jax, who seemed very serious, started by going over the class rules. Then he asked each of us to say something about our summer. Most kids were shy after being apart for a while and only said a few words. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As Alice talked about her family’s road trip, I heard a familiar scritchy-scratchy sound coming from under my desk. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Luckily, even though Mr. Jax was serious, he was also really nice. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $