Units 3 - 4形容词和副词的比较等级 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

本文围绕人教版八年级英语上册Units 3 - 4语法专项，聚焦形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级展开。承接之前英语知识学习，为后续复杂语法学习奠基。通过讲解与即学即练，强化学生语言能力，在分析规则与运用中提升思维品质，在跨文化交流语境渗透文化意识，培养学习能力。 本设计亮点在于讲练结合，特色教法为实例引导。从学生层面，提升语言运用与思维能力；教师层面，提供清晰授课思路；课堂效果上，有效突破语法难点，增强学生对语法知识的理解与运用。

人教版（2025）八年级英语上册 Units 3-4语法专项 形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级：语言点&即学即练 大多数形容词或副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。 1、 形容词和副词的原级用法 1、表示“和……一样……”时，常用“as+原级+as”结构 He is as strong as a horse. I am as outgoing as you. Amy studies as hard as Jane. 即学即练 1.This book is ______ interesting as that one. 2.She runs as fast _____ her brother. 3.The red dress is ______ (expensive) as the blue one. 4.They speak English as ______ (good ) as us. 5.He plays the flute ______ (good) as his teacher. 6. The cake tastes as ______ (good) as that one. 2、表示“和……不一样……”时，常用“not so/as +原级+as……”结构 The work is not so / as easy as you think. This flower is not so / as beautiful as that one. She doesn’t swim so / as well as you. 即学即练 翻译下列句子 1. 这本书不如那本书有趣。 __________________________________________________ 2. 她跑得不如她哥哥快。 __________________________________________________ 3. 那条红裙子没有那条蓝裙子贵。 __________________________________________________ 4. 他们的英语说得不如我们好。 __________________________________________________ 5. 他长笛吹得不如他老师好。 __________________________________________________ 6. 这个蛋糕尝起来不如那个蛋糕好吃。 __________________________________________________ 2、 形容词和副词的比较级用法（两者比较） 变化规则 A、规则变化 一般情况：直接加 -er tall → taller，fast → faster 以不发音的 e 结尾：加 -r nice → nicer，large → larger 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾：变 y 为 i 加 -er easy → easier，early → earlier，happy → happier 重读闭音节（辅元辅结构）：双写词尾辅音字母加 -er hot → hotter，thin → thinner， big → bigger 多音节词和部分双音节词：前加 more beautiful → more beautiful quickly → more quickly B、不规则变化（需特殊记忆） 原级 比较级 good/well better bad/badly worse much/many more little less far farther/further 指距离用 farther（更远），指抽象程度用 further（更深层次） 即学即练 写出下列词汇的比较级 tall → __________ nice → __________ happy → _________ big → __________ outgoing → ______ slowly → ______ large → ______ easy → ______ thin → ______ careful → ______ good → ______ bad → ______ many → ______ little → ______ far → __________/____________ 句型结构 1、“A + be +形容词比较级+than + B”或“A+实义动词+副词比较级+than +B”，表示：A比B...... The earth is bigger than the moon. John runs faster than Mary. 即学即练 用下列词汇的适当形式填空 1.This box is (heavy) ______ than that one. 2.The red car is ______ (fast) than the blue one. 3.Her drawing is ______ (beautiful) than mine. 4.The weather today is ______ (bad) than yesterday. 5. He has ______ (many) books than his sister. 6. The garden looks ______ (nice) after the rain. 7.Tom is ______ (thin) than his friend. 8.She speaks English ______ (good) than before. 9.This story is ______ (interesting) than that one. 10.My room is ______ (clean) than yours. 11.The old man walked ______ (slowly) than the young boy. 12.I feel ______ (good) today than yesterday. 13.We need ______ (little) sugar in this recipe. 14.The mountain is ______ (high) than I expected. 15.She lives ______ (far) from school than her classmates. 2、比较级前可用 much, a little, a lot, a bit, even, far等说明比较的程度，也可以用表示数量的词说明比较的差额。 This room is much bigger than that one. This question is a little more difficult than that one. I’m two years younger than you. 即学即练 1.This math problem is ______ harder than the last one. （这道数学题比上一道难多了。） 2. My sister runs _____ ________faster than me. （我姐姐跑得比我快很多。） 3.The weather today is ______ colder than yesterday. （今天的天气比昨天更冷了。） 4.The cartoon movie is ________more fun than the action film. （这部卡通电影比动作片有趣多了。） 5.Our classroom is _______ _________cleaner than theirs. （我们的教室比他们的教室干净一点儿。） 3、用“比较级+ and +比较级”结构。表示“越来越……” Things are getting better and better. She is becoming more and more beautiful. 即学即练 1.The days are getting ______ (long) and ______ (long) in summer. 2The little girl is growing ______ (tall) and ______ (tall). 3.His English is getting ______ (good) and ______ (good). 4..She runs ______ (fast) and ______ (fast) every day. 5.The story becomes ______ (interesting). 4、“The +比较级……,the +比较级……”表示“越……,就越……” The more careful you are , the fewer mistakes you will make. The harder you study, the better you will perform in the exams. 即学即练 1.The ______ (many) friends we have, the ______ (happy) we can feel. 2.The ______ (much) you eat, the ______ (fat) you will be. 3.The ______ (hard) you study, the ______ (good) grades you’ll get. 4.The ______ (fast) you run, the ______ (soon) you’ll reach the finish line. 5.The ______ (old) I get, the ______ (much) I understand my parents. 6.The ______ (early) we leave, the ______ (little) traffic we’ll meet. 7.The ______ (careful) you are, the ______ (few) mistakes you’ll make. 7.The ______ (happy) she is, the ______ (beautiful) she looks. 8.The ______ (big) the classroom is, the ______ (comfortable) we feel. 9.The ______ (slow) you speak, the ______ (clearly) I can understand. 10. The ______ (many) books you read, the ______ (wise) you’ll become. 5、the + 形容词比较级+ of the two..., 表示：A是两者中较……的。 He is the taller of the two. This is the easier of the two problems. She is the taller of the two girls. 即学即练 1.Lucy is the ______ (tall) of the two sisters. 2.Which bag is the ______ (heavy) of the two? 3.Tom is the ______ (hard-working) of the two boys. 4.This story is the ______ (interesting) of the two. 5.The blue bike is the ______ (expensive) of the two. 6、“比较级+than any other+单数名词”来表达最高级的意思 He is taller than any other student in his class . He is the tallest student in his class. China is bigger than any other country in Asia. China is the biggest country in Asia. Tom is thinner than any other boy in his class. Tom is the thinnest boy in his class. 即学即练 1.Mike is taller than any other ______ (student) in his class. 2.This apple is sweeter ____any other fruit in the basket. 3.Shanghai is larger than any _____ city in China. 4.Math is ____ difficult than any other subject for me. 5.My cat runs faster than any other ______ (animal) in our neighborhood. 3、 形容词和副词的最高级用法 变化规则 A、规则变化 一般情况：直接加 -est tall → tallest，fast → fastest 以不发音的 e 结尾：加 -st nice → nicest，large → largest 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾：变 y 为 i 加 -est easy → easiest，early → earliest，happy → happiest 重读闭音节（辅元辅结构）：双写词尾辅音字母加 -er hot → hottest，thin → thinnest，big → biggest 多音节词和部分双音节词：前加 most beautiful → most beautiful quickly → most quickly B、不规则变化（需特殊记忆） 原级 最高级 good/well best bad/badly worst much/many most little least far farthest/furthest指距离用 farthest（最远），指抽象程度用 furthest（更深层次） 即学即练 写出下列词汇的最高级 young → ______ wide → ______ busy → ______ hot → ______ famous → ______ early → ______ brave → ______ tidy → ______ fat → ______ useful → ______ good → ______ bad → ______ many → ______ little → ______ far → ______ 句型结构 1、表示三者或三者以上中“最……”时常用形容词或副词的最高级。形容词最高级前用定冠词the,副词最高级前可加the,也可不加 He is the tallest boy in his class. He jumped (the) highest of the three boys. 即学即练 1.The Yangtze River is _____ longest river in China. 2.She is the _______beautiful girl in our school. 3.Tom runs ________ (fast) among his classmates. 4.Lily sings ______(well ) in our music club. 2、使用最高级时常用由in /of /among引导的介词短语作修饰语，表示范围。 Peter is the tallest of the three boys and he is also the tallest in our class. Lucy is the youngest among the girls, but she writes (the) most carefully. 即学即练 1.This is the tallest building ______ the city. 2.She is the most talented student ______ all her classmates. 3.Spring is the best season ______ the four seasons. 3、“the + 序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. Hainan Island is the second biggest island in China. 即学即练 1.The Nile River is the ______ (two) longest river in the world. 2.Tom is the ______ (three) tallest boy in our class. 3.This is the ______ (one) most interesting book I’ve ever read. 4、“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数” 表示“最……的……之一” He is one of the youngest students in my class. This is one of the best movies I have ever seen. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China. 即学即练 1.Tigers are one of the ______ (dangerous) animals in the forest. 2.English is one of the ______ (important) subjects at school. 3.The Great Wall is one of the most famous _______(places)in the world. 4.Summer holidays are ______ of the ______ (happy) times of the year. 5.Dogs are one of ___ most friendly pets to keep at home. 6.These novels are one of the most interesting ______(book) I’ve ever read. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$