2025年中考英语复习——第七讲 连词与状语从句

第七讲 连词与状语从句 【课前回顾】 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子 1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。 I am not angry with him, _______ _______ ______ jokes he ______ on me. 2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。 Mrs Bruce was _______ kind to her students ______ they ______ her _____ their mother. 3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。 Our parents will be pleased with our performance _____ _____ ______ we try our best. 4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？ Will you please call me ______ ______ ______ you get to Shanghai. 5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。 The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano ______ ______ ______ she has kept practicing for two years. 6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。 _______ _______ ______ _______, she kept on learning English by herself. 7. 他长大后相当一名记者。 He wants to be a journalist ______ _______ _______ _______. 8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。 _______ _______ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school. 9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。 ______ ______ ______ _____ _______ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. 10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。 Li Ming didn’t come to school _______ _______ ______ ______. 【知识点讲解】 （一）并列连词： 1. 连词的概念： 连词是一种虚词，不能担任一个句子成分。连词在句中主要起连接词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。它主要是包括并列连词和从属连词。 2. 并列连词的分类： 表示意思转折的连词 But, yet, however 表示因果关系的连词 For, so, therefore 其他并列连词 And, or, either…or, neither…nor not only…but also, both…and, as well as 例句：Slow but sure.  要慢而稳。 She’ll be back either this week or next week.  她将在这周或下周回来。 I went and she went also.  我去了，她也去了。 3. 并列连词的用法： (1） 并列连词and和or： 1 and 和or 是用得最多的并列连词，可以连接： a. 两个并列的动词： We were singing and dancing all evening.  整个晚上我们都在唱歌跳舞。 b. 名词、形容词等This apple is big and red. Would you like fish or beef?  c. 两个并列的分句（句子） I said it and I meant it.  我说话算数。 2 and 可连接两个分句，表示递进关系。 Give him an inch and he will take a mile.  他会得寸进尺。 3 or可连接分句，表示“否则”： Don’t drive so fast or you’ll have an accident.  别开这么快，不然你会出车祸。 (2） 表示意思转折的连词：but, yet: 1 but和yet的用法： The weather will be sunny but cold.  天气会晴朗但很冷。 It is strange, yet true. 这很奇怪，却是真的。 2 however, still 等为副词，但可起连接作用，表示意思的转折---“但是”或“然而”。 a. however: His first response was to say no. Later, however, he changed his mind. b. still: It’s raining; still I’d like to go.   天在下雨，但我还是要去。 3 词组all the same: She is naughty, all the same we have to laugh at her jokes.  (3） 表示因果的连词： 1 for可以表示“因为”，但引导的不是从句，而是并列分句，对前面情况加以解释，常用逗号把它和前面的分句分开，这在书面语中比较多见。 The days were short, for it was now December.  She must have gone out early, for she had not come for breakfast. 2 so 表示结果，可译为“因此”、“所以”。 Our cases were heavy, so we took a taxi. 我们的箱子很重，因此我们坐了出租车 3 therefore 为副词，也表示同样的意思---“因此”，可放句前： He had gone; she therefore gave the money to me.他走了，于是她把钱给了我。 (4） both... and 的用法 A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。 （二）从属连词： 1. 分类： 从句种类 主要从属连词 时间从句 when, while, as, before, after, until, till, whenever 条件从句 if, unless 目的从句 in order that, so that 结果从句 so…that, such…that, so that, so 原因从句 because, as, since 让步从句 although, though, even though(if), while 方式从句 as if, as though 地点从句 where, wherever 比较从句 than, as [说明]that, whether, if 等从属连词可引导名词从句，在句中担任主语、宾语等。 状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句， 原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如： It was raining hard（rain hard 下大雨） when we got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along（沿着走） the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如： The young man read till the light went out（熄灭）. Let’s wait until the rain stops. We won’t start until Bob comes. Don’t get off（从下来） until the bus stops. 【Till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而在那个时刻之后，该事情或状况仍将持续。 Until是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而讲话的人在自己心里认为，在那个时刻之后，该事情或该状况将中止（不怎么可能持续）。固定组合里from morning till night，till/until是不能替换的，】 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow. He won’t be late unless he is ill. (3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如： Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因状语从句 (1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如： He didn’t come to school because he was ill. As it is raining, we shall not （不得；不应该）go the zoo. Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else. (2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如： ------Why aren’t going there? ------Because I don’t want to. As he has no car, he can’t get there easily. Since we have no money, we can’t buy it. (3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。 4. 结果状语从句 (1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。例如： He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son. She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her. My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it. (2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如： 在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如： He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word. The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people. Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever（几乎不，从来不） see her. 在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如： It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything. He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.（天花板） He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term. 有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如： It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again. =The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again. It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it. =The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it. (3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如： Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses. He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema（去看电影） with you. 5. 比较状语从句 比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导。例如： Tom runs faster than John does. This classroom is as big as that one. 6. 目的状语从句 (1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that（为了，以便）引导。例如： We started early so that we could catch the first train. He studies hard so that he could work better in the future. We used the computer in order that we might save time. (2)so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如： Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句) Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句) 7. 让步状语从句 (1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如： Though he is young, he knows a lot. Although I am tired, I must go on working. (2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如： 我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out. 应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out. 8. 地点状语从句 地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如： Go where you like. Where there is a will, there is a way. 总结：状语从句分类及常用连词： 常用 （1） 时间状语从句 1.辨析when/while When 从句谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词 从句的时态多为一般现在时或一般过去时 While 从句谓语动词必须是延续性动词 从句通常需要用进行时，如果主句和从句中的动作是同时进行的，那么主句也用进行时 e.g. 1) When the teacher came in, we were talking. While we were talking, the teacher came in. 2) I was sleeping while Tom was watching TV. 【试一试】when/while填空 1 My father was drinking tea in the living room my mother was doing the dishes in the kitchen. 2 Jim was writing a letter his father came in. 3 Please don't talk so loud ______ others are working. 4 ______ he came in, his mother was cooking. 5 ______ we were at school, we went to the library every day. 【答案】while; when; while; When; When/While 2.主将从现（时间状从+条件状从） 记住可以引导主将从现的连接词：when/as soon as/not…until; if/unless/as long as; 【试一试】 1. I’ll ring you up as soon as I ______（get） to New York. 2 .I will tell him everything when he ______ (come) back. 3. He won’t believe it until he ______ (see) it with his own eyes. 4.—Shall we go climbing the hill this weekend? —Good idea! We will go climbing if it _________. A．wasn’t raining           B．isn’t raining           C．doesn’t rain           D．won’t rain 【答案】get; comes; sees; C （2） 目的状语从句（注意考同义句转换） 连接词：in order that/so that “为了……，目的是” In order to do sth. （句首和句中） 相当于so as to do sth.（只放句中） In order not to be late, She gets up so early. In order that……（接从句） 常与So that……（接从句）换同义句 She gets up early so that/in order that she won’ be late 【试一试】 1.Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly.（同义句） =Try to speak loud enough people can hear you clearly. 2.Mr.Han works very hard so that he can afford to buy a big house. （同义句） =Mr.Han works very hard that he can afford to buy a big house. =Mr.Han works very hard afford to buy a big house. 3. stop more accidents, we should slow down the speed.（单选题） A.In order that B.In order to C.Thanks to D.So as to 【答案】1. in order that 2.in order;in order to 3. B (三)结果状语从句 连接词： so……that; such……that. “如此……以致于……” such和so用法辨析： 词条 词性 用法 常用结构 such 形容词 修饰名词 such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数 such+ 除many/few/much/little之外的形容词+名词 so 程度副词 修饰形容词或副词 so+ 形容词+a/an + 可数名词复数 so+ many/few /much/little +名词 e.g. You are such a clever boy. / You’re so clever. Such a little boy can speak so many languages. This is such a useful plan that everyone likes it. = This plan is so useful that everyone likes it. 【试一试】 1.-Oh! a little girl can draw many pictures. (so/such填空) 2.Tom is so handsome that everyone loves him.(同义句) Tom is handsome boy everyone loves him. 【答案】1.Such; so 2.such a ;that [特别注意]so……that还可以跟too……to do sth.或not……enough to do换同义句 翻译：“这个小女孩太小而不能去上学”。 This little girl is young she can’t go to school. =This little girl is young school. =This little girl is old to go to school. 【答案】so that; too to go to; not enough （四）让步状语从句 主要考查连接词的选择 1. _______ he’s old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So 2. difficult the task may be, we will try our best to complete it in time. A. No matter B. No wonder C.Though D. However 3. she is old, she can still work eight hours a day. A. Because;so B.Though;but C. As;yet D. Though; yet 【答案】ADD [自我总结] Because不能跟 连用；Although/though也不能与 连用,但可以与 / 连用。 各状语从句的连接词： 时间状语从句：when, while, as, before, after, not…until“直到……才”, as soon as“一…就”, since“自从” 地点状语从句：where, wherever“无论哪里” 条件状语从句： if, unless，as long as“只要” 原因状语从句：because, for, since（既然）, as（由于） 目的状语从句：so that, in order that 目的是…… 结果状语从句：so…that, such…that 如此……以致于…… 比较状语从句：as……as，not as/so……as, ……than 让步状语从句：although, though, even if/ though, wh-+疑问词, no matter+疑问词 方式状语从句：as, as if, as though, 判断下面的从句类型 1) When I was young , I went to town by myself.当我年轻的时候，我自己去镇里。 →为 时间 状语从句。 2) You can go where you like. 你可以去你喜欢的地方。 →为 状语从句。 3) Although it’s raining, they are still working on the farm. 虽然正在下雨，他们仍然在农场工作。 →为 状语从句。 4) She was afraid to move because a snake was lying beside her. 他害怕移动，因为在他旁边躺着一条蛇。 →为 状语从句 5) You did the work as well as your father. 你跟你父亲干得一样好。 →为 状语从句。 6) If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你问他，它会帮助你的。 →为 状语从句。 7) We climb high so that we can get a better view.我们爬得高以便我们可以看到更好的景色。 →为 状语从句。 8) She was so young that she couldn't go to school. 她是如此小以致于不能去上学。 →为 状语从句。 【巩固练习】 Part One 选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子。 1.Jim spends a lot of money on books______he is not rich. 2.Kate fell into sleep ______she was listening to the music. 3.----Is David at school today? ----No. He is at home ______he has a bad cold. 4.We won't have supper ______my mother comes back. 5.Speak to him slowly ______he may understand you better. 6. ______ she doesn't come on Sunday, I'll go fishing by myself. 7.It is four years ______I had left that small village. 8. ______the air moves, it is called wind. 9.We will go to the park ______it doesn't rain tomorrow. 10.______little boys did ______much work. 11.There are few new words in the passage ______we can't understand it. 12.Go back ______you come from. 13.He reached the station ______the train had left. 14.----Do you have a swimming pool? ----No, we don't. At least, not ______big ______yours. 15.Give me your paper ______you have finished it. 16.It is raining hard, ______we have to stay at home. 17. ______you work harder, you'll never pass the final exam. 18.Look after the children ______I am out. 19.The village is ______far away ______I can't get there on foot. 20.That is ______an interesting book ______I can't stop reading it Part Two 把下列句子变为同义句 1. My brother went to the cinema, so did I. __________ my brother _________ I went to the cinema. 2. The boy is so young that he cant look after himself. The boy isn’t _____ ______ to look after himself. 3. If you are lazy, you may not pass the exam. _________ hard, _________ you may not pass the exam. 4. Jacks mother asked him, “Have you packed your things?” Jacks mother asked him ___________ he __________ packed his things. 5. She realized Hainan was a beautiful place after she reached there. She _________ realize Hainan was a beautiful place _________ she reached there. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$