内容正文:
Unit 1 Helping at home(知识清单+典型例题+分层练习)
英语人教PEP版四年级上册(新教材)
类别
内容
音标
含义
例句
重点单词
doctor
/ˈdɒktə(r)/
医生
My father is a doctor.(我爸爸是一名医生。)
nurse
/nɜːs/
护士
The nurse helps sick people.(护士帮助病人。)
farmer
/ˈfɑːmə(r)/
农民
The farmer grows vegetables.(农民种蔬菜。)
office worker
/ˈɒfɪs ˈwɜːkə(r)/
办公室职员
My aunt is an office worker.(我姑姑是办公室职员。)
factory worker
/ˈfæktri ˈwɜːkə(r)/
工厂工人
His uncle is a factory worker.(他叔叔是工厂工人。)
job
/dʒəʊb/
工作
What's your mother's job?(你妈妈的工作是什么?)
clean
/kliːn/
打扫;干净的
I clean my room.(我打扫房间。)The room is clean.(房间很干净。)
sweep
/swiːp/
扫
Sweep the floor, please.(请扫地。)
cook
/kʊk/
烹饪;厨师
I can cook rice.(我会煮米饭。)She is a good cook.(她是个好厨师。)
busy
/ˈbɪzi/
忙碌的
Mom is busy cooking.(妈妈忙着做饭。)
tired
/ˈtaɪəd/
疲倦的
He feels tired after work.(他下班后很累。)
together
/təˈɡeðə(r)/
一起
We play together.(我们一起玩。)
helpful
/ˈhelpfl/
有帮助的
She is helpful at home.(她在家很能干。)
child(复数:children)
/tʃaɪld/(/ˈtʃɪldrən/)
儿童
The child is playing.(那个孩子在玩。)Children like games.(孩子们喜欢游戏。)
重点短语
clean the room
/kliːn ðə ruːm/
打扫房间
I clean the room every day.(我每天打扫房间。)
sweep the floor
/swiːp ðə flɔː(r)/
扫地
He can sweep the floor.(他会扫地。)
do some chores
/duː səm tʃɔːz/
做家务
We do some chores on weekends.(我们周末做家务。)
look after sb.
/lʊk ˈɑːftə(r) sb/
照顾某人
I look after my little sister.(我照顾我的妹妹。)
make a gift
/meɪk ə ɡɪft/
制作礼物
We can make a gift for Mom.(我们可以给妈妈做个礼物。)
have fun
/hæv fʌn/
玩得开心
Playing games is fun.(玩游戏很开心。)
work together
/wɜːk təˈɡeðə(r)/
一起工作
They work together to clean the house.(他们一起打扫房子。)
重点句型
询问职业:What's your...job? He/She is a...
询问某人的职业及回答
—What's your father's job? —He's a factory worker.(—你爸爸的工作是什么?—他是一名工厂工人。)
表达能力:Can you...? Yes, I can./No, I can't. I can...
询问能力及回答
—Can you cook? —Yes, I can. I can cook noodles.(—你会做饭吗?—是的,我会。我会煮面条。)
描述家庭活动:We often... I can...
描述日常家庭行为
We often cook together.(我们经常一起做饭。)I can sweep the floor.(我会扫地。)
(一)名词所有格
1.基本规则:表示“……的”,单数名词后加“'s”。
例:my mother's job(我妈妈的工作);Tom's room(汤姆的房间)。
2.复数名词规则:
复数名词不以“s”结尾:加“'s”,例:children's toys(孩子们的玩具)。
复数名词以“s”结尾:加“'”,例:the students' books(学生们的书)。
3.双重所有格:“of + 名词所有格”,例:a friend of my father's(我爸爸的一个朋友)。
(二)情态动词can的用法
1.基本含义:表示“能;会”,无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形。
例:I can clean the room.(我会打扫房间。)He can sweep the floor.(他会扫地。)
2.肯定句:主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他。
例:She can look after her grandma.(她能照顾她的奶奶。)
3.否定句:主语 + can't(can not) + 动词原形 + 其他。
例:I can't cook.(我不会做饭。)
4.一般疑问句:Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + can. 否定回答:No, 主语 + can't.
例:—Can they work together? —Yes, they can.(—他们能一起工作吗?—是的,他们能。)
(三)名词单复数
1.可数名词复数规则:
一般加“s”:worker→workers(工人);room→rooms(房间)。
以“ch”结尾加“es”:peach→peaches(桃子);watch→watches(手表)。
特殊变化:child→children(儿童);man→men(男人)。
2.不可数名词:无复数形式,需用“量词+of”表示数量。
例:a bowl of rice(一碗米饭);two glasses of water(两杯水)。
(四)形容词用法
1.定语:放在名词前,修饰名词。
例:a busy mother(一位忙碌的妈妈);a clean room(一个干净的房间)。
2.表语:放在be动词后,描述主语状态。
例:The floor is clean.(地板很干净。)Mom is tired.(妈妈很累。)
(五)字母组合“ch”的发音
发/tʃ/音:chair(椅子)、China(中国)、child(儿童)、lunch(午餐)、kitchen(厨房)。
例外:school(学校)中“ch”发/k/音(需特殊记忆)。
1. 名词所有格
题目:This is ______ bedroom. It's very clean.
A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Lucy's
【答案】C
【解析】表示“露西的卧室”需用名词所有格,单数名词后加“'s”,故选C。
【同步练习】
1. The ______ jobs are interesting.(teacher)
A. teacher B. teachers' C. teacher's
2. This is ______ bag. It's red.(my sister)
A. my sister B. my sisters' C. my sister's
3. —Whose books are these? —They are the ______.(students)
A. students B. students' C. student's
2. 情态动词can
题目:—Can your brother sweep the floor? —______
A. Yes, he does. B. No, he can. C. Yes, he can.
【答案】C
【解析】can引导的一般疑问句,回答需用“can/can't”,A用“does”错误;B否定回答应为“No, he can't”,故选C。
【同步练习】
1. I ______ cook, but I ______ wash clothes.
A. can;can't B. can;can C. can't;can't
2. —Can you and your brother do some chores? —______
A. Yes, we do. B. No, we can't. C. Yes, they can.
3. She ______ look after her grandma. She is helpful.
A. can B. cans C. is
3. 名词单复数
题目:There are three ______ in the park. They are playing games.
A. child B. children C. childs
【答案】B
【解析】“three”后接复数名词,child的复数是children,故选B。
【同步练习】
1. There are five ______ in the hospital. They help doctors.
A. nurse B. nurses C. nursies
2. I have two ______. They are sweet.(peach)
A. peach B. peachs C. peaches
3. —How many ______ are there in your family? —Three.
A. people B. peoples C. person
4. 形容词用法
题目:The ______ room makes us happy.
A. clean B. cleaning C. cleans
【答案】A
【解析】需形容词修饰名词“room”,A是形容词“干净的”;B是动名词;C是动词三单,故选A。
【同步练习】
1. My mother is ______. She works all day.(busy)
A. busy B. busily C. busier
2. The ______ boy helps his mom clean the room.(help)
A. help B. helpful C. helping
3. This is a ______ floor. We just cleaned it.(clean)
A. clean B. cleans C. cleaned
5. “ch”发音
题目:下列单词中“ch”发音为/tʃ/的是______
A. school B. chair C. Christmas
【答案】B
【解析】A、C中“ch”发/k/,B中“chair”的“ch”发/tʃ/,故选B。
【同步练习】
1. 发音不同的一组是______
A. China;child B. lunch;school C. chair;kitchen
2. “church”中“ch”的发音是______
A. /k/ B. /tʃ/ C. /ʃ/
3. 下列单词“ch”发音一致的是______
A. watch;stomach B. chicken;China C. ache;chair
基础巩固
1. 单词拼写(根据中文写英文)
(1)护士 ______
(2)农民 ______
(3)打扫 ______
(4)疲倦的 ______
(5)一起 ______
2. 单项选择(选择最佳答案)
(1)My father is a ______. He works in a hospital.
A. farmer B. doctor C. factory worker
(2)—Can you ______ the floor? —Yes, I can.
A. sweep B. sweeps C. sweeping
(3)We often ______ together on weekends.
A. cooks B. cook C. cooking
(4)The room is ______. We cleaned it just now.
A. clean B. busy C. tired
(5)—What's your mother's job? — ______is a nurse.
A. He B. She C. Her
3. 句型转换(改为一般疑问句并回答)
(1)He can sweep the floor.
(2)They can work together.
(3)She can cook.
(4)I can clean my room.
(5)We can make a gift.
能力提升
1. 完形填空(阅读短文,选择最佳答案)
My name is Tom. My family has 3 people. My dad is a ______(1). He works in a factory. My mom is an office worker. She is always ______(2). I am a student. I can ______(3) my room and ______(4) the floor. We often do chores ______(5). It's fun!
(1)A. doctor B. factory worker C. farmer
(2)A. busy B. tired C. helpful
(3)A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning
(4)A. sweep B. sweeps C. swept
(5)A. together B. tired C. fun
2. 句子排序(将下列句子排成通顺的对话)
( )I can sweep the floor. What about you?
( )Mom is busy. Let's help her.
( )I can clean the room.
( )Great! Let's start.
( )Good idea! What can you do?
3. 短文填空(根据上下文填单词,每空一词)
Hello, I'm Lily. My mother is a nurse. She works in a hospital. She is very ______(1). My father is a farmer. He ______(2) vegetables. I am a student. I can do some ______(3) at home. I can ______(4) after my little brother. We often have ______(5) together.
4. 句子匹配
(1)What's your father's job? A. Yes, I can. I can cook.
(2)Can you help your mom? B. He is a farmer.
(3)What can you do at home? C. They are cleaning the room.
(4)What are they doing? D. It's clean and bright.
(5)How is the room? E. I can sweep the floor.
5. 选择合适的句子补全对话(5个空,5个选项)
Tom: Mom is busy with cooking. Let's help her.
Lily: ______(1)
Tom: What can you do for her?
Lily: ______(2) I can wash the vegetables.
Tom: Good! ______(3)
Lily: What about you, Tom?
Tom: ______(4) I can sweep the floor after dinner.
Lily: Great! ______(5)
Tom: OK! Let's go.
选项:
A. I can help with the floor.
B. Let's start now.
C. Good idea!
D. I can do some washing.
E. That's helpful.
思维拓展
1. 阅读理解(阅读短文,选择最佳答案)
Hello, I'm Amy. My family likes doing chores together. My dad can sweep the floor. My mom can cook delicious food. I can clean my room. My little sister is a child. She can look after her toys. We are a happy family.
(1)What can Amy's dad do?
A. Cook food. B. Sweep the floor. C. Clean the room.
(2)Amy can ______.
A. clean her room B. cook food C. look after toys
(3)Amy's sister is a ______.
A. nurse B. student C. child
(4)Do they like doing chores together?
A. Yes, they do. B. No, they don't. C. We don't know.
(5)What's the family like?
A. Busy. B. Happy. C. Tired.
2. 书面表达(根据提示写短文)
提示:以“My Family”为题,介绍家人的职业和会做的家务,不少于5句话。
答案与解析
同步练习答案与解析
(一)名词所有格
1. 【答案】B
【解析】teachers是复数且以s结尾,所有格加',表示“老师们的工作”,故选B。
2. 【答案】C
【解析】“我妹妹的包”需用名词所有格,单数名词后加's,即my sister's,故选C。
3. 【答案】B
【解析】students是复数且以s结尾,所有格加',表示“学生们的(书)”,故选B。
(二)情态动词can
1. 【答案】A
【解析】句意为“我会做饭,但不会洗衣服”,can表示“会”,can't表示“不会”,故选A。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】问句主语是“you and your brother”,回答主语用we;can引导的疑问句回答用can/can't,故选B。
3. 【答案】A
【解析】can是情态动词,无人称变化,后接动词原形,故选A。
(三)名词单复数
1. 【答案】B
【解析】five后接复数名词,nurse的复数是nurses,故选B。
2. 【答案】C
【解析】two后接复数名词,peach以ch结尾,复数加es,即peaches,故选C。
3. 【答案】A
【解析】people是集合名词,本身表复数,意为“人”;peoples指“民族”,person的复数是persons,故选A。
(四)形容词用法
1. 【答案】A
【解析】空格处需形容词作表语,busy是形容词“忙碌的”,符合句意“妈妈很忙”,故选A。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】需形容词修饰名词boy,helpful是形容词“有帮助的”,符合句意“这个有帮助的男孩”,故选B。
3. 【答案】A
【解析】需形容词修饰名词floor,clean是形容词“干净的”,符合句意“干净的地板”,故选A。
(五)“ch”发音
1. 【答案】B
【解析】A中China和child的ch均发/tʃ/;B中lunch的ch发/tʃ/,school的ch发/k/;C中chair和kitchen的ch均发/tʃ/,故选B。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】church中ch发/tʃ/音,意为“教堂”,故选B。
3. 【答案】B
【解析】A中watch的ch发/tʃ/,stomach的ch发/k/;B中chicken和China的ch均发/tʃ/;C中ache的ch发/k/,chair的ch发/tʃ/,故选B。
分层练习答案与解析
基础巩固
1. 单词拼写
(1)【答案】nurse
【解析】“护士”对应的英文是nurse,注意拼写和发音。
(2)【答案】farmer
【解析】“农民”对应的英文是farmer,指从事农业生产的人。
(3)【答案】clean
【解析】“打扫”对应的英文是clean,可作动词或形容词。
(4)【答案】tired
【解析】“疲倦的”对应的英文是tired,常作表语描述状态。
(5)【答案】together
【解析】“一起”对应的英文是together,常修饰动词。
2. 单项选择
(1)【答案】B
【解析】由“works in a hospital”(在医院工作)可知职业是医生(doctor),farmer是农民,factory worker是工厂工人,故选B。
(2)【答案】A
【解析】can后接动词原形,sweep是动词原形“打扫”,sweeps是三单形式,sweeping是动名词,故选A。
(3)【答案】B
【解析】由often可知用一般现在时,主语we是复数,动词用原形cook,故选B。
(4)【答案】A
【解析】由“cleaned it just now”(刚打扫过)可知房间是“干净的”(clean),busy是“忙碌的”,tired是“疲倦的”,故选A。
(5)【答案】B
【解析】问句询问“妈妈的工作”,回答用she指代妈妈,he指男性,her是形容词性物主代词,故选B。
3. 句型转换
(1)【答案】—Can he sweep the floor? —Yes, he can./No, he can't.
【解析】含有can的陈述句变一般疑问句,将can提前;回答用Yes, 主语+can. 或No, 主语+can't.
(2)【答案】—Can they work together? —Yes, they can./No, they can't.
【解析】同理,将can提前,主语是they,回答保持一致。
(3)【答案】—Can she cook? —Yes, she can./No, she can't.
【解析】将can提前,主语是she,回答用she。
(4)【答案】—Can you clean your room? —Yes, I can./No, I can't.
【解析】原句主语是I,变疑问句时主语改为you,回答用I。
(5)【答案】—Can you make a gift? —Yes, we can./No, we can't.
【解析】原句主语是we,变疑问句时主语改为you,回答用we。
能力提升
1. 完形填空
(1)【答案】B
【解析】由“He works in a factory”(他在工厂工作)可知职业是factory worker(工厂工人),故选B。
(2)【答案】A
【解析】句意为“她总是很忙”,busy(忙碌的)符合语境,tired(疲倦的)、helpful(有帮助的)不符合,故选A。
(3)【答案】A
【解析】can后接动词原形,clean是原形“打扫”,故选A。
(4)【答案】A
【解析】and连接并列动词,与clean保持一致用原形sweep,故选A。
(5)【答案】A
【解析】句意为“我们经常一起做家务”,together(一起)符合语境,tired(疲倦的)、fun(乐趣)不符合,故选A。
2. 句子排序
【答案】3;1;4;5;2
【解析】对话逻辑:提议帮忙(1. Mom is busy. Let's help her.)→ 赞同提议(2. Good idea! What can you do?)→ 说明自己能做的(3. I can sweep the floor. What about you?)→ 回应对方并说明自己能做的(4. I can clean the room.)→ 提议开始(5. Great! Let's start.),故排序为3;1;4;5;2。
3. 短文填空
(1)【答案】helpful
【解析】由“nurse”(护士)和语境可知,妈妈很有帮助(helpful),故填helpful。
(2)【答案】grows
【解析】农民的工作是种蔬菜,grow表示“种植”,主语he是第三人称单数,故填grows。
(3)【答案】chores
【解析】do some chores是固定短语“做家务”,故填chores。
(4)【答案】look
【解析】look after是固定短语“照顾”,can后接动词原形,故填look。
(5)【答案】fun
【解析】have fun是固定短语“玩得开心”,故填fun。
4. 句子匹配
(1)【答案】B
【解析】“What's your father's job?”询问爸爸的职业,B选项“He is a farmer.”(他是农民)符合,故选B。
(2)【答案】A
【解析】“Can you help your mom?”询问是否能帮妈妈,A选项“Yes, I can. I can cook.”(是的,我能。我会做饭。)符合,故选A。
(3)【答案】E
【解析】“What can you do at home?”询问在家能做什么,E选项“I can sweep the floor.”(我会扫地。)符合,故选E。
(4)【答案】C
【解析】“What are they doing?”询问他们在做什么,C选项“They are cleaning the room.”(他们在打扫房间。)符合,故选C。
(5)【答案】D
【解析】“How is the room?”询问房间怎么样,D选项“It's clean and bright.”(它干净又明亮。)符合,故选D。
5. 补全对话
(1)【答案】C
【解析】上句提议“Let's help her”(我们帮她吧),下句应回应提议,C选项“Good idea!”(好主意!)符合,故选C。
(2)【答案】D
【解析】上句询问“What can you do for her?”(你能为她做什么),下句应说明能做的事,D选项“I can do some washing.”(我能洗东西。)与后文“wash the vegetables”呼应,故选D。
(3)【答案】E
【解析】上句说“I can wash the vegetables”(我能洗蔬菜),下句应评价,E选项“That's helpful.”(那很有帮助。)符合,故选E。
(4)【答案】A
【解析】上句询问“What about you, Tom?”(汤姆,你呢),下句应说明自己能做的事,A选项“I can help with the floor.”(我能帮忙处理地板。)与后文“sweep the floor”呼应,故选A。
(5)【答案】B
【解析】上句说“Great!”(太好了),下句应提议开始,B选项“Let's start now.”(我们现在开始吧。)符合,故选B。
思维拓展
1. 阅读理解
(1)【答案】B
【解析】由“My dad can sweep the floor”可知爸爸会扫地,故选B。
(2)【答案】A
【解析】由“I can clean my room”可知Amy会打扫自己的房间,故选A。
(3)【答案】C
【解析】由“My little sister is a child”可知妹妹是儿童,故选C。
(4)【答案】A
【解析】由“My family likes doing chores together”可知他们喜欢一起做家务,故选A。
(5)【答案】B
【解析】由“We are a happy family”可知家庭很幸福,故选B。
2. 书面表达(示例)
【答案】My Family
My father is a doctor. He can sweep the floor. My mother is a teacher. She can cook. I can clean my room. We are a happy family.
【解析】短文围绕家人职业和家务展开,符合提示要求,语法正确,句式简洁。
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$