北京市昌平区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语试卷

昌平区2024一2025学年第二学期高一年级期末质量抽测 英语试卷 2025.7 本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上， 在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分)】 第一节：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)》 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Tuan Pham was feeling pretty good about himself as he approached the 12- mile mark of the Long Beach Half Marathon(马拉松).The1 on Oct.l5, 2023,was the 47-year-old's seventh such event,and he couldn't wait to celebrate at the finish line with his teenage son,who had raced ahead.Pham took another step or two,and that was the last thing he 2.He had no idea how he fell face-first to the ground,where he 3 without moving as runners skirted him. He had no heartbeat,nor was he breathing. Just as Pham4 the ground,Ryan Chiu,a surgeon(外科医生)from Long Beach Medical Center,was leaving a restaurant a few feet away.Dr.Chiu 5 recognized what was happening.He ran to Pham's side and began chest compressions(胸部按压).He enlisted the help of a bystander,who took over on compressions while Dr.Chiu 6 his hospital and told them to prepare an operating room and gather a surgical team.Minutes later,an ambulance arrived. Doctors lifted up Pham and 7 him to the hospital,with Dr.Chiu following in his own car. The surgery that Dr.Chiu performed was a 8,and Pham is alive and well-well enough to return to the route of the Long Beach Half Marathon and pick up where he 9 Pham likely wouldn't have had that 10 if fortune hadn't stepped in.If Chiu had left the restaurant early,he would never have seen Pham falling.I can't believe the first guy to see me fall,to show up and give me help,was a surgeon,”Pham told the reporter..“How lucky I am!” 英语试卷第1页（共12页） 1.A.run B.walk C.jump D.climb 2.A.expected B.wanted C.remembered D.tried 3.A.sat B.stood C.stopped D.lay 4A.hit B.found C.covered D.left 5.A.immediately B.gradually C. especially D.naturally 6.A.searched B.called C.paid D. showed 7.A.allowed B.sped C.forced D.invited 8.A.warning B.reward C.success D.preparation 9.A.moved on B.backed up C.calmed down D.left off 10.A.connection B.opportunity C.challenge D.accident 第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）》 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。请 在答题卡指定区域作答。 A Halimatu is a young volunteer working in a village in Sierra Leone.While she was doing door-to-door visits,and encouraging communities to practice hand washing,people 11 (say)that they didn't have running water and couldn't afford soap.12 (disappoint)by what they told her,Halimatu decided to learn how to make a tippy-tap,a hands-free way to wash your hands and is suited for villages.Halimatu 13 (help)more communities since then. B Oi Baishi (1864-1957)is one of the most well-known Chinese painters 14 the playful style of his watercolor works.In his painting "Mouse and Cat with a Lamp（灯)”，a mouse is standing on the top of a long pole_l5_a lamp is hung.Under the pole is a cat.Despite the image's simple composition,the moving and still parts are both there,16 (create)a striking situation The images of mouse and cat are very different from each other,17 causes a hearty laugh. C Active 18 (learer)do not accept everything they learn.They attempt to find the truth at the heart of each idea.Even when an idea sounds 19 (entire) 英语试卷第2页（共12页） unlikely,there may be an aspect of it that is based on truth.So if someone says that dinosaurs still exist today,think about 20they believe this.If you try to find out the source of an idea,no matter how crazy it seems,you will increase your chance of learning something 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分) 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology)is a global nonprofit organization that prepares young people for the future through team-based robotics programs for ages 4-18.FIRST hosts thousands of events around the globe annually.These events are made possible through the support of event volunteers who work along with others who really like the task of FIRST to run seasonal events at the local,regional,and even international levels Event volunteers can be: ●FIRST graduates ● Non-profit organization staff supporting or participating（参加)in robotics programs Parents of robotics program students Teachers/Professors teaching or organizing science projects ● Experts in related fields (e.g.,engineers,programmers) Employees of Tech companies Undergraduates and teachers in colleges As an event volunteer you will: ● Become responsible members of the global community who recognize that your collective skills can create meaningful changes in someone's life, in the community,and even in the world. Join a community of like-minded individuals that support FIRST programs. Receive general FIRST training and training for your volunteer role. Gain valuable skills in certain fields that may be good for your future jobs. 英语试卷第3页（共12页） O Have a chance to get training records of volunteerism. No matter what level you want to be involved in,there is a role for you, from safety workers to judges,and hosts to officials.Some roles require a little time with quick preparations on the day.Other roles require pre-event training and longer participation on event days.Technical and non-technical event volunteer roles are ready to support FIRST programs. How to sign up: First you should create an account in the FIRST website:sign-up is in the top right corner of this page or by clicking the "Start Volunteer Registration" button below.Then click the Volunteer Registration tab choose "Volunteer at an Event".You can search events by location and choose up to five roles. You must enter your e-mail:This email will be used to receive the result and get your password if you forget it. Before receiving an email to check your volunteer role,you should fill in a youth protection background survey. 21.Who is likely to become a FIRST event volunteer? A.FIRST participants. B.Science teachers. C.Government staff. D Experts in business. 22.What will FIRST event volunteers receive from their work? A.Certain job offers in related fields. B.Small gifts for their time and effort. C.Basic training and role-specific preparation. D.Chances to meet individuals of various interests. 23 What do applicants need to do during the sign-up? A.Complete a background check. B.Check the result on the website. C.Create a new email account. D.Search for events by time. B In a tech-driven world,Caine Monroy,a young inventive talent,stood out with his imagination and cleverness,proving that a cardboard box and a dream can produce something extraordinary. 英语试卷第4页（共12页） It began in 2011 when nine-year-old Caine spent his summer vacation at his father's car parts store in East Los Angeles.With few friends to play with he found joy in making a cardboard game room with games like basketball goals,a toy-catching machine,and soccer.His creativity was endless,and he ran his game room with passion,charging $1 for two turns or $2 for a Fun Pass with 500 turns. Despite his creativity and hard work,at first,few people pay attention to Caine's game room,due to its location with little foot traffic.However,Caine believed that one day he'd have customers.His game room was too good for people not to enjoy.He kept working every day,building,improving,and making it better.Then a documentary filmmaker,Nirvan Mullick,discovered the game room and was impressed by Caine's determination,leading to a short film about him.The documentary "Caine's game room"became popular on social media,reaching all over the world and inspiring many to value imagination and creativity. The documentary became popular,and suddenly,Caine's game room became a widely big success.Hundreds of people lined up at the car parts store, eager to experience the wonder of the cardboard game room.The small,one- dollar games that once sat unnoticed and overlooked now attracted attention from all corners of the globe.It has also become an inspiration for teachers who use the concept for STEAM lessons and summer projects. Caine's popularity as a speaker comes from his remarkable experience,with six.Forbes features and over 250,000 media impressions worldwide.He has given two Ted X Talks and is preparing for a third.His speaking activities have taken him to famous events like the Cannes Lions Festival and locations including New York,San Francisco,USC,and the White House,all before his 18th birthday. Currently,Caine is studying at college and writing his first show book.He remains a popular speaker and is a role model for many young individuals, inspiring them to welcome their creativity. 24.Caine built the game room due to A.hiis shortage of friends B.his popularity C.his endless ideas D.his expectations 英语试卷第5页（共12页） 25.How did Caine feel when no customers came to his game room? A.Upset. B.Angry. C.Hopeful. D.Surprised. 26.How did Caine gain global attention? A.The low price of his game room made him famous. B.Customers introduced his game room to more people. C.A documentary of his game room spread widely online. D.STEAM lessons he created with teachers became popular. 27.What can we learn from Caine's story? A.Dream big and start small. B.Fortune favors the brave person. C.Actions speak louder than words. D.Creativity invites luck to knock. C Extreme weather events,such as tornadoes,can cause widespread damage to forests,leading to environmental and financial losses.When trees fall during these storms,ecosystems might be influenced,increasing forest management costs.As climate change worsens,severe storms are expected to become more frequent,making it important to understand how forests respond to wind stress. While previous studies have explored how trees react to wind,it is unclear whether these responses remain the same across different forest configurations. With this aim,a team of researchers led by Associate Professor Kana Kamimura, tested how trees move under various forest arrangements and weather conditions, including how trees withstand wind. The research aims to explain how winds directly impact trees and how trees reduce the stress from wind to survive.To achieve this,researchers set up two experimental areas of cedar trees,in November 2017.In the first plot,P-100 was made up of 3,000 trees per hectare,creating a thick forest.In the second plot,P-50,half of the trees were removed for this research,leaving 1,500 trees per hectare.Over two years,the team watched 24 trees in the dense ( area and 12 in the thinned area,using tools to track the range of trees movement during various wind conditions.The tracking period included many typhoons, 英语试卷第6页（共12页） such as Typhoon Trami,in 2018,which caused significant damage to the thinned plot. The researchers found that cedar trees show two completely different swaying (patterns depending on wind speed.In light winds,the trees swayed at around 2 to 2.3 cycles per second,with their branches taking in much of the wind energy,protecting the trunks and roots from wind stress.However,at higher wind speeds,the trees changed to a slower swaying pattern of 0.2 to 0.5 cycles per second.In this case,the whole tree swayed together,changing force across the trunk and roots,increasing the probability of breakage or uprooting. Interestingly,the change between these two swaying patterns occurred at different wind speeds,depending on the forest density.In the dense area,the trees switched patterns at wind speeds between 1.79 and 7.44 meters per second. In contrast,in the thinned plot,the change occurred at slightly lower wind speeds,ranging from 1.57 to 5.63 meters per second. This study offers valuable understanding for balancing thinning with wind resistance (in forest management to support long-lasting forestry practices, and help forests go through extreme climate changes. 28.What is the first paragraph mainly about? The results of the previous studies. B.The practical reasons for the research. C.The potential effects of extreme weather. D.The challenges brought by climate changes. 29.What does the underlined word "configurations"in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Areas. B.Sizes. C.Types. D.Layouts. 30. What can we infer from the study conducted by the researchers? A.The trees tend to sway more violently as the wind becomes stronger. B.The branches of trees took in most of the wind energy in strong wind. C Planting trees in a thinned pattern can help protect trees from storms. D.Trees in thinned plots change their swaying pattern in lighter winds. 英语试卷第7页（共12页） 31.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To call on people to plant more trees in thinned area. B.To raise people's awareness of environment protection. C.To offer ideas for a more reasonable forest management. D.To compare the different swaying patterns of trees in storms. D This article was written by a human being,but AI technology that can automatically create text is on the rise in many areas.As people depend on such things,ensuring correct and clear responses and information to their users becomes important.Many familiar tools,including ChatGPT and others,appear very fluent in whatever they deliver,but their responses often include made-up content they produce and cannot be fully trusted.Users unfamiliar with the topic may mistakenly accept incorrect information,especially since AI presents responses with confident tones. "You can't fail to notice how some AI systems can explain clearly while still producing often significant errors,"Professor Takamitsu Watanabe from the International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN)told the reporter."But what struck my team and me was a similarity between this behavior and that of people with Wernicke's aphasia(失语症)，where such people speak fluently but don't always make much sense.That caused us to wonder if the wav these AI systems work could be similar to those of the human brain affected by aphasia,and if so,what the reminders might be. To explore this idea,the team used a method called energy landscape analysis,a technique originally developed by physicists seeking to visualize )energy states,but which was recently adapted for neuroscience.They examined patterns in resting brain activity from people with different types of aphasia and compared them to internal data from several publicly available large language models (LLMs).And in their analysis,the team did discover some striking similarities.The way digital information or signals are moved around and guided within these AI models closely matched the way some brain signals behaved in the brains of people with certain types of aphasia,including Wernicke's aphasia. 英语试卷第8页（共12页） "You can imagine the energy landscape as a surface with a ball on it.When there's a curve ()the ball may roll down and come to rest,but when the curves are shallow,the ball may roll around everywhere,"Watanabe explained. "In aphasia,the ball represents the person's brain state.In LLMs,it represents the continuing signal pattern in the model based on its instructions and internal dataset..” The research has several reminders.For neuroscience,it offers a possible new way to group and track conditions like aphasia based on internal brain activity rather than just visible signs.For AI,it could lead to better testing tools that help engineers improve the structure of AI systems from the inside out.Though, despite the similarities the researchers discovered,they strongly advised not to make too many assumptions. 32.Professor Watanabe compares AI systems with aphasia patients to show A.AI systems can explain clearly B.AI and aphasia brains are alike C.it is hard to improve Al system D.aphasia brains are affected by AI 33.What can we learn from professor Watanabe's research? A.LLMs have copied human thinking process. B.Aphasia patients can be cured for its obvious signs. C.Language signals are guided to certain area of brains. D.Problems occur during the process of signal moving. 34.What would be the best title for the passage? A.AI Overconfidence Mirrors Human Brain Condition B.AI Structure Reflects How Human Brain Develops C.AI Improvement Follows Human Brain Research D.AI System Reshapes Human's Way of Speaking 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Impostor syndrome is the feeling that people have when they doubt their abilities,even when they have been successful or have received praise.They 英语试卷第9页（共12页） worry that one day,everyone will realize they are faking (it.It was first described in 1978,when researchers observed it in successful businesswomen. However,it can affect people of all sexes and careers.Studies estimate that 82% of people experience it at some point in their lives.35 For example,women working in fields with male majorities or minority students often suffer from it. People with impostor syndrome have some shared characteristics.36 When they succeed,they frequently credit their success to luck rather than their skills.Many are also uncomfortable receiving praise and often work harder than necessary to prove their worth. Many factors can contribute to impostor syndrome.37 Children with controlling or overprotective parents often develop these feelings later in life. Starting something new,like a job or school program,can also cause impostor syndrome since people may be short of experience in their new roles. The good news is that people can take several approaches to overcome it. One method is to talk about your doubts with others.Sharing your feelings reduces loneliness and allows others to remind you of your true abilities.38 Save positive feedback from others and track your achievements to serve as reminders whenever doubt arises. 39 Focus on progress rather than excellence.When you make mistakes, view them as chances to learn instead of proof that you are a fake.Joining support groups can also help you realize that you are not alone in the fight against impostor syndrome.Remember that feeling like an impostor doesn't mean you are one.By using these strategies to overcome impostor syndrome,you may stop feeling like a fake and truly enjoy your success. Another useful strategy is to stop trying to be perfect. B.Self-awareness can turn impostor syndrome into a growth tool. C.Research suggests that family upbringing plays an important role. D.High achievers in senior positions are more likely to experience it. E.They tend to be individuals who aim to be perfect:in everything they do. F.It is also important to celebrate your successesiinstead of overlooking them. G.It is especially common among people who feel different from their age-mates. 英语试卷第10页（共12页）