【重庆专用】Unit 8 People and Events（Reading and Writing）-《英语 基础模块1》（高教版2023修订版）《一课一练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识能力普遍薄弱的学情特点，我们始终坚持“以生为本”的教育理念，深度融合支架式教学理论，深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合职教高考命题特色的《英语 基础模块1》（高教版2023修订版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共40练。 本卷为《英语 基础模块1》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 8 People and Events （Reading and Writing）的课后作业。 《英语 基础模块1》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 8 People and Events 一课一练（38） Reading and Writing 阅读理解：根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） The first successful flight of an airplane happened in 1903. Orville and Wilbur Wright, two brothers from the US, made it possible. They were not scientists, but bicycle makers. They loved machines and spent years studying birds' wings to understand how to fly. The Wright brothers built their first plane, called the "Wright Flyer", in 1903. It was made of wood and cloth, with a small engine. On December 17, Orville flew it for 12 seconds, covering 36 meters. Wilbur later flew it for 59 seconds, going 260 meters. These short flights changed the world. At first, many people did not believe the brothers' success. Newspapers rarely reported their work. But in 1908, they gave public shows in Europe and the US. Thousands watched as their plane flew for over an hour. Soon, governments and companies became interested. By 1914, planes were used in World War I for watching enemy lines. After the war, companies started making planes for passengers. In 1927, Charles Lindbergh flew alone across the Atlantic Ocean, showing that planes could travel long distances. Today, airplanes make international travel easy and connect people all over the world. 1. Who made the first successful airplane flight? A. Charles Lindbergh B. Orville and Wilbur Wright C. European scientists D. US government workers 2.What was the "Wright Flyer" made of? A. Metal and plastic B. Wood and cloth C. Steel and glass D. Rubber and paper 3.How long did Orville's first flight last? A. 12 seconds B. 36 seconds C. 59 seconds D. 1 hour 4.When did the Wright brothers give public shows? A. 1903 B. 1908 C. 1914 D. 1927 5.What was the first use of planes in World War I? A. Carrying passengers B. Delivering food C. Watching enemy lines D. Attacking enemy bases English mathematician Ada Lovelace has been called the world’s first computer program-mer. In the 1840s, she wrote the world’s first algorithm (算法) for an early computing machine. Ada Lovelace was the daughter of the famous poet Lord Byron. Born in London, England in 1815, she was raised by her mother, Lady Anne Byron. Lady Byron didn’t want her daughter to be a poet like her father, so she had her study science, French, and maths. Love-lace showed a talent for numbers and languages at an early age. In 1833, Lovelace met Charles Babbage, who had invented a machine called the Difference Engine. She was fascinated by the machine and became Babbage’s lifelong friend. Babbage had a new project in mind, a much more advanced (高级的) machine, the Analytical Engine. They discussed maths and computing as he developed the Analytical Engine. In 1843, Lovelace translated a French article that Italian mathematician Luigi Menabrea wrote about Babbage’s Analytical Engine into English. She added many notes of her own to the translation (译文) since she knew well about Babbage’s work. Her notes showed how Babbage’s Analytical Engine would work, and gave a set of instructions for using the machine. Ada Lovelace died in 1852, when she was just 36 years old. Lovelace’s contributions to the field of computer science were not discovered until the 1950s. In 1953, her notes on Babbage’s Analytical Engine were published. The engine is now considered as a model of a computer, and Lovelace’s notes as a description (描述) of a computer and software. In 1980, a new computer language was named “Ada” in honor of Ada Lovelace. 6．Which of the following is TRUE about Lady Byron? A．She taught her daughter French. B．She was a famous mathematician. C．She wanted her daughter to be a programmer. D．She valued her daughter’s education. 7．How old was Ada Lovelace when she met Charles Babbage? A．About 18. B．About 19. C．About 20. D．About 21. 8．Who wrote the French article about the Analytical Engine? A．Lord Byron. B．Luigi Menabrea. C．Charles Babbage. D．Ada Lovelace. 9．Ada Lovelace added many notes of her own to the translation because ________. A．she was good at writing B．she had a talent for languages C．she followed Babbage’s advice D．she was familiar with Babbage’s work 10．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Ada, a new computer language B．Charles Babbage, a computer builder C．Ada Lovelace, the first computer programmer D．The Analytical Engine, a model of a computer 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识能力普遍薄弱的学情特点，我们始终坚持“以生为本”的教育理念，深度融合支架式教学理论，深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合职教高考命题特色的《英语 基础模块1》（高教版2023修订版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共40练。 本卷为《英语 基础模块1》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 8 People and Events （Reading and Writing）的课后作业。 《英语 基础模块1》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 8 People and Events 一课一练（38） Reading and Writing 阅读理解：根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） The first successful flight of an airplane happened in 1903. Orville and Wilbur Wright, two brothers from the US, made it possible. They were not scientists, but bicycle makers. They loved machines and spent years studying birds' wings to understand how to fly. The Wright brothers built their first plane, called the "Wright Flyer", in 1903. It was made of wood and cloth, with a small engine. On December 17, Orville flew it for 12 seconds, covering 36 meters. Wilbur later flew it for 59 seconds, going 260 meters. These short flights changed the world. At first, many people did not believe the brothers' success. Newspapers rarely reported their work. But in 1908, they gave public shows in Europe and the US. Thousands watched as their plane flew for over an hour. Soon, governments and companies became interested. By 1914, planes were used in World War I for watching enemy lines. After the war, companies started making planes for passengers. In 1927, Charles Lindbergh flew alone across the Atlantic Ocean, showing that planes could travel long distances. Today, airplanes make international travel easy and connect people all over the world. 1. Who made the first successful airplane flight? A. Charles Lindbergh B. Orville and Wilbur Wright C. European scientists D. US government workers 2.What was the "Wright Flyer" made of? A. Metal and plastic B. Wood and cloth C. Steel and glass D. Rubber and paper 3.How long did Orville's first flight last? A. 12 seconds B. 36 seconds C. 59 seconds D. 1 hour 4.When did the Wright brothers give public shows? A. 1903 B. 1908 C. 1914 D. 1927 5.What was the first use of planes in World War I? A. Carrying passengers B. Delivering food C. Watching enemy lines D. Attacking enemy bases 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了飞机的早期发展历程，重点讲述了莱特兄弟（Orville and Wilbur Wright）1903 年完成首次成功飞行的事迹，以及飞机在后续的公开展示、一战中的应用和长途飞行突破，展现了飞机从发明到逐渐改变人类出行方式的过程。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。题目考查首次成功完成飞机飞行的人物。根据第一段 “The first successful flight of an airplane happened in 1903. Orville and Wilbur Wright, two brothers from the US, made it possible”（1903 年，飞机首次成功飞行。来自美国的莱特兄弟 —— 奥维尔和威尔伯使之成为可能），明确指出是莱特兄弟，故答案为 B。A 选项是 1927 年完成跨大西洋飞行的人，C、D 选项在文中未提及，均为干扰项。 2．细节理解题。题目考查 “莱特飞行者号（Wright Flyer）” 的制作材料。根据第二段 “The Wright brothers built their first plane, called the 'Wright Flyer', in 1903. It was made of wood and cloth, with a small engine”（1903 年，莱特兄弟造出了他们的第一架飞机，名为 “莱特飞行者号”。它由木材和布料制成，配有一个小型发动机），直接说明材料为木材和布料，故答案为 B。其他选项均与原文描述不符。 3．细节理解题。题目考查奥维尔首次飞行的时长。根据第二段 “On December 17, Orville flew it for 12 seconds, covering 36 meters”（12 月 17 日，奥维尔驾驶它飞行了 12 秒，飞行距离 36 米），明确给出时长为 12 秒，故答案为 A。B 选项是飞行距离对应的数字，C 选项是威尔伯的飞行时长，D 选项是后来公开展示时的飞行时长，均不符合题意。 4．细节理解题。题目考查莱特兄弟进行公开展示的时间。根据第三段 “But in 1908, they gave public shows in Europe and the US”（但在 1908 年，他们在欧洲和美国进行了公开展示），直接给出时间为 1908 年，故答案为 B。A 选项是首次飞行时间，C 选项是飞机在一战中投入使用的时间，D 选项是查尔斯・林德伯格跨大西洋飞行的时间，均不符合。 5．细节理解题。题目考查飞机在一战中的首次用途。根据第四段 “By 1914, planes were used in World War I for watching enemy lines”（到 1914 年，飞机在一战中被用于侦察敌方战线），明确说明用途为 “监视敌方战线”，故答案为 C。A 选项是战后飞机的用途，B、D 选项在文中未提及，均为干扰项。 English mathematician Ada Lovelace has been called the world’s first computer program-mer. In the 1840s, she wrote the world’s first algorithm (算法) for an early computing machine. Ada Lovelace was the daughter of the famous poet Lord Byron. Born in London, England in 1815, she was raised by her mother, Lady Anne Byron. Lady Byron didn’t want her daughter to be a poet like her father, so she had her study science, French, and maths. Love-lace showed a talent for numbers and languages at an early age. In 1833, Lovelace met Charles Babbage, who had invented a machine called the Difference Engine. She was fascinated by the machine and became Babbage’s lifelong friend. Babbage had a new project in mind, a much more advanced (高级的) machine, the Analytical Engine. They discussed maths and computing as he developed the Analytical Engine. In 1843, Lovelace translated a French article that Italian mathematician Luigi Menabrea wrote about Babbage’s Analytical Engine into English. She added many notes of her own to the translation (译文) since she knew well about Babbage’s work. Her notes showed how Babbage’s Analytical Engine would work, and gave a set of instructions for using the machine. Ada Lovelace died in 1852, when she was just 36 years old. Lovelace’s contributions to the field of computer science were not discovered until the 1950s. In 1953, her notes on Babbage’s Analytical Engine were published. The engine is now considered as a model of a computer, and Lovelace’s notes as a description (描述) of a computer and software. In 1980, a new computer language was named “Ada” in honor of Ada Lovelace. 6．Which of the following is TRUE about Lady Byron? A．She taught her daughter French. B．She was a famous mathematician. C．She wanted her daughter to be a programmer. D．She valued her daughter’s education. 7．How old was Ada Lovelace when she met Charles Babbage? A．About 18. B．About 19. C．About 20. D．About 21. 8．Who wrote the French article about the Analytical Engine? A．Lord Byron. B．Luigi Menabrea. C．Charles Babbage. D．Ada Lovelace. 9．Ada Lovelace added many notes of her own to the translation because ________. A．she was good at writing B．she had a talent for languages C．she followed Babbage’s advice D．she was familiar with Babbage’s work 10．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Ada, a new computer language B．Charles Babbage, a computer builder C．Ada Lovelace, the first computer programmer D．The Analytical Engine, a model of a computer 【答案】6．D 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国数学家Ada Lovelace的生平及其在计算机科学领域的贡献。 【详解】 6．推理判断题。根据第二段“Lady Byron didn’t want her daughter to be a poet like her father, so she had her study science, French, and maths. (Byron夫人不希望女儿像她父亲那样成为诗人，所以她让女儿学习科学、法语和数学。)”可知，Byron夫人重视她女儿的教育。故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据第二段“Born in London, England in 1815 (1815年出生于英国伦敦)”和第三段“In 1833, Lovelace met Charles Babbage (1833 年，Lovelace结识了Charles Babbage)”可知，Ada Lovelace在遇到 Charles Babbage时，大约18岁。故选A。 8．细节理解题。根据第四段“In 1843, Lovelace translated a French article that Italian mathematician Luigi Menabrea wrote about Babbage’s Analytical Engine into English. (1843年，Lovelace将意大利数学家Luigi Menabrea撰写的一篇关于Babbage分析机的法语文章翻译成了英文。)”可知，这篇法语文章是意大利数学家Luigi Menabrea写的。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据第四段“She added many notes of her own to the translation since she knew well about Babbage’s work. (由于她对Babbage的工作十分了解，所以她在译文里添加了许多自己的注释。)”可知，她对Babbage的工作很熟悉。故选D。 10．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“English mathematician Ada Lovelace has been called the world’s first computer program-mer. In the 1840s, she wrote the world’s first algorithm for an early computing machine. (英国数学家Ada Lovelace被誉为世界上首位计算机程序员。19世纪40年代，她为早期的计算设备编写了世界上首个算法。)”可知，本文主要介绍了世界上第一位计算机程序员Ada Lovelace 的一生。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$