Unit8现在完成时 课件2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

现在完成时 1.意义 2.结构 3.标志词 5.延续动词 vs 非延续动词 6.have been to vs have gone to 4.过去分词的不规则变化 7.现在完成时VS 一般过去时 Administrator (A) - 1.现在完成时的意义 意义①(结果性):过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响 I have just turned off the light.(说明灯已经关上了) 现在完成时的两个意义 意义②(持续性):从过去某个时间起一直延续到现在的动作或状态(常与since+时间点/从句,for+时间段连用) Mike has lived in Beijing for 20 years(表明可能还会继续住下去) 以下句子属于现在完成时结果性意义还是持续性意义呢 1.I have already posted the letter. 2 He hasn't done his homework yet. 3.They have just left. 4.Have you ever been to Beijing? 5.I have never seen him. 6.Have you seen the film before? 总结归纳:表示动作发生在过去强调该动作对现在产生的影响或结果。 结果性意义 以下句子属于现在完成时结果性意义还是持续性意义呢 1.We haven't seen each other for a long time. 2.His father has been in the Party since 10 years ago 3.The film has been on for 20 minutes. 4.The Greens have worked here since they came to China. 5 Tony's grandmother has been dead since 2004. 总结归纳:某个时间起一直延续到现在的动作或状态,常与since+时间点/从句,for+时间段连用 持续性意义 2.现在完成时的结构 现在完成时的结构 have/has+done(动词的过去分词) have/has的否定:haven’t/hasn’t I have seen the film alreadly. 我已经看过这部电影了 I haven’t been a teacher for 3 years. 我已经3年没当老师了. 用现在完成时结构完成以下句子. 1 She (finish)her homework 2.We (see)the film. 3.I have (lose) my wallet. 4.My father (have)dinner. 5.They (come) back. 6. David (visit)the Grear Wall. has finished have seen have lost has had have come have visited see-saw-seen lose-lost-lost come-came-come 3.现在完成时的时间标志词 现在完成时的时间标志词 ①alreadly 已经——句中/句末 ②yet 仍然;还(否定句);已经(疑问句)——句末 ③ever 曾经——句末 ④never 从来不——句中 ⑤just 刚刚——句中 ⑥so far 到目前为止——句中 ⑦for+一段时间 ⑧since+过去时间点(或一般过去时句子) ⑨in the past/last few years 在过去的几年里 ⑩recently 最近——句首 1.He has (刚刚)come. 2.He has (从不) visited the Great Wall. 3.Have you (曾经) been to the farm 4.Has the train arrived (已经)?No,not (还). 5.We have (已经) finished it. 6. (目前为止),we have visited the moon. just never ever yet yet alreadly So far 根据中文写英文 already 常用于 ;yet 常用于 或 。 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 遇到since句子或for+时间段句子,瞬间动词要换成延续性动词 常考的转换: borrow/lend——keep buy——have died——have -Your new bike is so nice!When did you buy it? -In July.I it for two weeks. A.had B.have had C.have bought D.bought B 4.过去分词的不规则变化 动词的完成时 - 过去分词的不规则变化 AAA型 cut-cut-cut 切 hit-hit-hit 撞 put-put-put 放 set-set-set 安排 ABB型 bring-brought-brought 带来 buy-bought-bought 买 fight-fought-fought 打架 think-thought-thought 思考 ABC型 blow-blew-blown吹draw-drew-drawn画grow-grew-grown生长know-knew-known知道 throw-threw-thrown扔 ABA型 become-became-become成为come-came-come来 run-ran-run跑 AAA型如: let _\ _ put_\_ read _\_ hurt_\_ let let put put read read hurt hurt ABB型如: keep_\ _ fight_\_ think _\_ catch_\_ kept kept fought fought thought thought caught caught 5.延续性动词 VS 非延续性动词 延续性动词 又称:持续性动词 表示:能够延续的动作 这种动作可以长时间延续下去 或产生持久的影响 study, work, stand, lie, know… 延续性动词 & 非延续性动词 英语动词,按其动作发生的方式以及动作发生过程的长短,可分为: 非延续性动词 begin, buy, close, come, die… 又称:终止性动词/短暂性动词/瞬间动词 表示:不能延续的动作 这种动作发生后立即结束 非延续性动词不能与时间段连用 可以和表一段时间的时间状语连用 for + 一段时间 since + 过去的时间点 since + 时间点 + ago …… 延续性动词 非延续性动词 只可以和时间点连用 yesterday two years ago at 5 o’clock …… 与时间段连用的 非延续性动词需要转换为 延续性动词 如果非延续动词在完成时中 跟时间段连用怎么办? 非延续性动词 延续性动词 Nezha has left home. Nezha has left home for 3 days( ) Nezha has been away from home for 3 days.(√) 巧记非延续性 延续性 瞬间动词 持续形式 瞬间动词 持续形式 begin be on return be back leave be away from join be in go be off die be dead borrow keep buy have come be here arrive be here “开始 离 去 借 来 还,出生 入 死 买 到家” He _ for 10 years. His grandpa _ for 2 years. has been dead 练一练 1. 他爷爷已经去世两年了。 I _ the book for two weeks. 2. 这本书我已经借了两周了。 have kept My parents _ this house for five years. 3. 我的父母买了这个房子已经五年了。 have had 4. He died 10 years ago. has been dead 练一练 5. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. He _the book for 2 weeks. 6. He bought the motorbike a month ago. He _the motorbike for a month. 7. He arrived here three days ago. He_here since three days ago. 8. The film began 30 minutes ago. The film _ for 30 minutes. has kept has had has been has been on 6.have been to VS have gone to have / has been to | 去过某地-去而已归 去而已归 have / has been to 哪吒去过北京。 MOCO has been to Beijing. have / has been to + 次数,表示去过某地几次 他们去过北京3次了。 They have been to Beijing three times. 去而未归 have / has gone to 待在某地 have / has been in have / has gone to | 去了某地-去而未归 去而已归 have / has been to Yummy去东海了(说话前一直没回来)。 Yummy has gone to the East Sea. 去而未归 have / has gone to 待在某地 have / has been in have / has been in | 待在某地 去而已归 have / has been to 去而未归 have / has gone to 待在某地 have / has been in 表示在某地待了多长时间 常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 Monkey king has been in the mountains for many years. Monkey king已经在山里生活很多年了。 练一练 | 填空 My parents _ the Great Wall twice. _you ever_Xiamen? 3. How long _ Peter _the park? 4. My sister _ the shop. She will be back in two hours. 5. She _ Shanghai. She isn’t here. 6. She _ Shanghai for two years. have been to Have been to has been in has gone to has gone to has been in have been to have been in have been in 7.现在完成时VS一般过去时 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 强调现在的情况(如现在的结果,影响,一直延续到现在等) 。 Past Present Future 现在完成时 vs 一般过去时 一般过去时单纯叙述过去的动作或事情,强调动作,与现在无关 I saw Nezha 2 last night. (强调看的动作发生过了。) Past Present Future I have seen this film.(强调对现在的影响,我知道电影的剧情。) 过去某一特定时间,只能用一般过去时: 当句中有表示过去某一特定时间的状语时 不用现在完成时,而用一般过去时 Mike has played tennis yesterday ( ) Mike played tennis yesterday . (√) Yesterday (昨天) the day before yesterday (前天) just now (刚才) 时间+ ago(….前) last +时间 常与一般过去时连用的时间状语 Thank you 暑假营业时间 周一到周日︰ 晚上5-9点30 周六日︰ 上午9-12点30,下午2-5点30 $$