Unit 5 Section A Grammar Focus-4c 课件 2024-2025学年人教版英语九年级全册

Unit 5 What are the shirts made of? Section A (GF-4c) 一、是什么? 三、构成: be+vt.-ed 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 五、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题 被动语态 谭金 二、什么情况用被动语态? 被 动 语 态(Passive Voice) 语态是动词的一种形式,用于说明主语和谓语之间的关系。 英语中的语态有两种: 主动语态(Active Voice)和被动语态(Passive Voice)。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者; 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态中的执行者可由介词by引出。 一、概念: 二、什么情况用被动语态: 1.动作谁做的不知道;没必要知道动作的执行者. 2.动作的承受者需强调. 3.当动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时。如: Many houses were destroyed by the flood. 主动语态变为被动语态的方法 第一步:将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语; 第二步:将主动语态的谓语改为“be+及物动词的过去分词结构; 第三步:将主动语态的主语改为介词by的宾语,放在 谓语之后(有时可省略)。 主动语态: 被动语态: Many people speak English. English is spoken by many people. Practice time The gardener waters the flower . (Active Voice) The flower is watered by the gardener. (Passive Voice) 主语 谓语 宾语 Practice time Police officers catch thieves . Thieves are caught by police officers. (Active Voice) (Passive Voice) The boy gives flowers to the girl. The flowers are given to the girl by the boy. (Active Voice) (Passive Voice) The girl is given flowers by the boy. Practice time 被动语态的几种特殊类型 1.带双宾语句子的被动语态. 指物的宾语叫直接宾语,指人的宾语叫间接宾语 give me a book = give a book to me 间宾 直宾 直宾 间宾 (1) He gave me a book. 主动语态 变为被动语态- - I was given a book by him. A book was given to me by him. (2) I bought him a book. 主动语态 变为被动语态- A book was bought for him by me. Tip: 1.有些及物动词,如give,send,take,bring,tell,show等,直接宾语转化为主语时,被保留的间接宾语前通常加 to. 2. 有些及物动词,如buy,make,find,get,draw等,直接宾语变为主语时,被保留的间接宾语前通常加 for. 2.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时,在变为被动语态时,仍然要带上介词。 She listened to the music. The music was listened to by her. I turned off the radio. The radio was turned off (by me). 动词短语是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成的动词短语的介词和副词。 3.当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去to的动词不定式时,在被动语态中应加上to Mike makes us cook the food every day. We are made to cook the food every day. make sb do let sb do have sb do be made to be let to be had to 4. 主动语态的宾语是句子(宾语从句),变为被动语态时通常用it作形式主语,真正主语放在后面。 I know that the earth is round. It is known that the earth is round. They say that Mike always cooks the meals. It is said that Mike always cooks the meals. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 1. Children under 18 _ (not allow) to watch this show without their parents. 2. We _ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month. 3. A: What language _ (speak) in Germany? B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too. 4. Most of the earth’s surface _ (cover) by water. 5. The classroom _ (clean) by the students every day. 4a aren’t allowed are paid is spoken is covered is cleaned Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. 4b 1. Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains. The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers. 2. This shop uses the best materials to make dresses. _ 3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents. _ 4. The postman brings letters and postcards to people’s homes. _ 5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often. _ The best materials are used by this shop to make dresses. Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving. Letters and postcards are brought to people’s homes by the postman. This silver plate is not used very often by our family. Summary 1.一般现在时被动语态的结构: “ be + 及物动词的过去分词”(即 be done) 2.主动语态变为被动语态的方法 3.被动语态的特殊情况 $$