Unit 4 Never too old to learn Workbook 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版(2020)选择性必修第四册

牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修四课件 Unit 4 Never too old to learn Workbook Page 75-80 制作者：桂东一中　李宇平 Exploring language A.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box below. Page 75 criticize qualify inquire presentation essay concrete resolve certificate 1. Don’t worry. These problems will ___________ in the end. 2. If you successfully finish the training course, you will _______ as an editor. be resolved qualify 3. For your homework, please write a(n) ______ of 3,000 words on lifelong learning.终身学习 4. The ____________ was a collaborative effort by all the students in the class. 5. Students can call the school _________ about how to apply online. 6. Setting specific and _________ learning goals is one way to make lifelong learning a habit. col·lab·ora·tive  /kəˈlæbərətɪv/ 合作的；协作的；协力的 essay presentation to inquire concrete 7. Yesterday, he _____________ for failing to hand in his report on time. 8. Can you show your postgraduate __________ to me? B. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases in the box below. be bound to compose oneself subscribe to fit in in a flash keep pace with put off through trial and error反复试验；不断摸索 was criticized certificate 1. If you are a lifelong learner, you ____________ achieve success sooner or later. 2. We should ______________ the times and adapt to the evolution of practice. 3. I learnt how to use the dictionary app ____________________. 4. She felt very angry, but she took a minute or two _________________. 5. The holiday seemed to be over _________. are bound to keep pace with through trial and error to compose herself in a flash 6. He is exactly the person we need. I think that he will _____ perfectly. 7. The final decision is not to call off the meeting but to _______ the meeting for a week. 8. Does the library ____________ the journals which are recommended by our teacher? call sth off: to cancel sth取消；停止进行 jour·nal /ˈdʒɜːnl/ （某学科或专业的）报纸，刊物，杂志;日志；日记 fit in put off subscribe to D. Translate the following sentences into English. Use the words and phrases in the brackets. Page 76 生命不息，奋斗不止。(cease) 2. 目前许多人对这一行业的发展前景持乐观的态度。(prospect) Cease to struggle and you cease to live. At present, many people are optimistic about the development prospects of this industry. 3.记者就职业观采访了随机抽样的中学生。(random) 4. 我突然开始意识到我把钱包落在家里了。(it dawns on sb that ...) The reporter interviewed a random sample of middle school students about the career outlook.(观点;见解;世界观;人生观) It suddenly dawned on me that I had left my wallet at home. 5. 成本大幅上涨，我们将不得不关闭几家店。(to the extent that ...) 6. 关于经济形势所作的种种假设证明是不正确的。 (assumption) Costs have increased significantly to the extent that we will have to close several shops. A lot of assumptions made about the economic situation proved to be incorrect. 7. 阅读能力对终身学习非常重要。(competence) 8. 这篇报道是经仔细润色后才发表的。(polish) Reading competence is very important for lifelong learning. The report was carefully polished before being published. Building skills A.Listening and speaking Page 77 A1. The professor is introducing the University of Cologne to a group of students. Listen to the presentation and answer the following questions. Cologne /kəˈləʊn/科隆 1. How many students attend the University of Cologne? Around 50,000. 2. What do you have to do first in order to apply to the university? 3. How long will it take to graduate from university? 4. What can you do after class? To pass a German language test. At least four and a half years. You can join many clubs. 5. How many German cities have a larger population than Cologne? 6. What is the percentage of the city’s non-German population? Three. About 20%. Tapescript Professor: Hello, students. Thank you for coming to my presentation. I would like to tell you a little about the University of Cologne. We have around fifty thousand students and our university is one of the largest in Germany. In order to apply to the University of Cologne, you must first pass a language test in German. Before I tell you more, I want you to know that you will need to attend lessons for at least four and a half years. This is true for most university students in Germany. The first two years will include basic classes. Now that you know that, let me introduce student life at the University of Cologne. You will spend most of your time on your lessons, but after class,there are many clubs you can join. They include the Biology Club, History Club, Art Club and Drama Club. Apart from the activities on our campus, you will find a lot to do in the city of Cologne, where our campus is located. There are many museums, festivals and exhibitions in the city. It is the fourth largest city in Germany in terms of population. About 20% of people who live here are not German. It is truly an international city, where I think any of you would feel comfortable. Thank you for coming to this presentation. A2. After the professor’s presentation, two students are talking about applying to the University of Cologne. Listen to the conversation and complete the table below. German language course work on it International Business Chemistry electronic parts chemical processes A businessman A researcher Tapescript Isla: So, are you thinking about applying to the University of Cologne, Bradley? Bradley: Yes, I am. But my German isn’t very good. I guess I would have to take a German language course first. Isla:International students can take a course in German at the university though, can’t they? Bradley: Yes, I would definitely need to take one. Do you think you would pass the language test? Isla:Though I did a language exchange in Berlin last year and my German is all right, I think I still need to work on it. I’ve been planning to study in Germany for a while. Cologne sounds like a nice city and the university is in the city centre. Bradley: What course are you going to apply for? Isla: I’m not sure yet. Some kind of science course, I think. Germany has one of the best science courses. Bradley: I heard they were very good at plant science? Isla:Yes, I heard that. I am mostly interested in chemistry, I think. I find that chemical processes are amazing. I want to be a researcher in the field of chemistry. Bradley: So you will choose Chemistry as your major? Isla: Yes, I think that is what I will do. How about you? Bradley: I’m interested in business. Plus, my family has a factory making electronic parts and my father is considering exporting to Europe. He thinks it will be good for me to study International Business. Isla:Oh, so will you work in the family business when you have finished your studies? Bradley: Probably. I might start my own business one day. Isla: Well, good luck! Perhaps I will see you here next year! Bradley: Hopefully! Bye. A3. In pairs, discuss the university major that you want to study and give the reasons. Use the example below to help you and pay attention to the expressions in bold. Page 78 A: I’m trying to decide what major to choose. B: Well, choosing a major depends on what your goal is, and also what you’re interested in. What is on your mind? A: So far, I’m thinking about studying Economics. B: You have to do a lot of calculations if you study Economics. Your Maths grades are really good, right? A: That’s true. I’m good at Maths. Also, I have been interested in numbers since I was very young. How about you? B: Well, I prefer French. French is believed to be the most romantic language. I’ve been taking French classes. I now enjoy reading simple French stories in my spare time. A: OK. Where do you see yourself ten years from now? B: Oh, that’s a tough question. Language is a tool for communication. I would like to be a French interpreter. I might have more opportunities to go to France. So what’s your goal? A: Well, people don’t always work in the field related to their major. People who study French or Economics do all kinds of jobs. But perhaps I will become an analyst. B: Great idea! ana·lyst /ˈænəlɪst/ n.分析者;化验员;精神分析学家(或医生) B.Reading and writing B1. Mindsets are beliefs about yourself and your most basic qualities. Mindsets directly influence the ways you handle situations. Read the magazine article below and answer the following questions. mind·set  /ˈmaɪndset/ 观念模式；思维倾向,=mentality Joe has a fixed mindset, the belief that your intelligence is “fixed”, or permanent. You’re either smart or dumb. And if you’re smart, everything is easy for you. Mag has a growth mindset, the belief that your intelligence can grow. Not everyone can become a genius or a star athlete, but they can improve the skills they have and develop new ones. fixed  /fɪkst/ 固定的;不变的;不能变的;(思想和期望 ) 不易改变的;执著的;(面部表情 )呆板的;不变的 fix·ed·ly /ˈfɪksɪdli/ 凝视地；目不转睛地 dumb  /dʌm/ 愚蠢的；傻的；笨的 So which type of mindset is better? It’s Mag’s. Believe it or not, research shows that you really can get smarter by working hard, practising and challenging yourself. Your mindset can affect your performance at school, in sports and in the arts,and even how you act and feel. Dr Carol Dweck, a psychology professor at Stanford University, has discovered that people with a fixed mindset tackle problems in a much different way from those with a growth mindset. tackle /ˈtækəl/处理 People with a fixed mindset are very concerned with grades and how smart they look compared to other people.They tend to give up on difficult problems. When they make mistakes, they think it means they’re not smart. They’re afraid of challenges, because if they don’t do well, they might look dumb. concerned (about/with sth)感兴趣的；关切的；关注的 concerned (about/for sth)/ (that...)担心的；忧虑的 smart  /smɑːt/ (人 )衣冠楚楚的；衣着讲究的;(衣服等 ) 整洁而漂亮的；光鲜的;聪明的；机敏的；精明的 give up on sb对…不再抱希望（或不再相信） People with a growth mindset, on the other hand, are concerned with learning,not grades. They jump right in and work hard on difficult problems. They learn from mistakes by trying different problem-solving strategies or asking for help. They like challenges, because they want to stretch and improve their abilities. jump in打断谈话;匆忙行动；急于从事 problem-solving寻求答案；解决问题 stretch使充分发挥;使竭尽所能；使全力以赴；使发挥出全部本领 Dweck and her team discovered that middle school students with a growth mindset do better in Maths; those with a fixed mindset do worse. Why? Kids with both mindsets do fine in elementary school, but middle school Maths is much harder. So while the growth-mindset kids embrace the challenge and work harder, the fixed-mindset kids may just give up. And their grades suffer. elem·en·tary  /ˌelɪˈmentri/ adj.小学的; 初级的；基础的 em·brace  /ɪmˈbreɪs/ 欣然接受,乐意采纳(思想、建议等)；信奉(宗教、信仰等) suf·fer /ˈsʌfə(r)/ 变差；变糟 But Dweck’s team discovered something even more important than that.The team taught those middle schoolers about mindsets and how the brain works. They talked about the dangers of labelling people “dumb” or “smart”.And they discovered that with some work, kids can choose to have a growth mindset and do better in school. schooler（在某类学校或以某种方式受教育的）学生 label sb/sth (as) sth /ˈleɪbl/ （尤指不公正地）把…称为 Everyone has some of each type of mindset: they are like voices in your head.The trick is to recognize your fixed mindset voice and your growth mindset voice. When you hear your fixed mindset voice telling you you’re dumb, or that you’ll look stupid if you ask for help, or that learning a new skill is hard, talk back to it! You’re not dumb—you just haven’t learnt how to do it yet.Asking for help isn’t stupid —it’s smart. And learning a new skill is hard, but won’t it be worth it? voice  /vɔɪs/ 呼声;意见;态度;心声 trick技巧；诀窍；窍门 talk back (to sb)（尤指对上司）回嘴，顶嘴 1. What does the underlined word “trick” in the last paragraph mean? 2. Summarize the differences between a fixed mindset and a growth mindset. “Trick” means a good method or a way of doing something that works well. With a fixed mindset, people believe that their intelligence is fixed and that talent is more important than effort. Alternatively, people with a growth mindset think that their intelligence can grow with time and experience. People with a fixed mindset are afraid of challenges and tend to give up on difficult problems, but people who have a growth mindset usually jump right in, learn from mistakes and work hard to solve difficult problems. al·ter·na·tive·ly  /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪvli/ （引出第二种选择或可能的建议）要不，或者 B2. Write an article about your own mindset. You can refer to the information in B1 and then make a study plan accordingly. Be prepared to fail and learn from it After reading the article, I understand that my way of thinking, which is more like a fixed mindset, is not always very helpful. A fixed mindset means believing that your intelligence is permanent and does not change no matter how hard you study. Thinking of my intelligence as fixed makes me really scared of making mistakes and my biggest problem is that I expect everything I do to be perfect. This fear of failure prevents me from trying new things, and I realize that I really need to change this. This is why I decided to make a study plan with three main goals. Stop being afraid of making mistakes I am worried about making mistakes, so I often feel shy about speaking and asking questions in class. However, mistakes are an important part of learning, and if we do not make mistakes, we will not learn. To solve this problem, I have set myself the goal of asking at least three questions in class every week. Find challenges To some extent, people who are afraid of making mistakes also fear challenges. If we play it safe all the time and only do things that we are confident about, we will not acquire any new skills. Now that I have decided to try doing something new and interesting every week, I have made a list of things that I consider challenging so as to improve myself. For example, I find English writing difficult, so I have decided to start keeping a diary in English to record my daily life. play (it) safe 谨慎行事；避免冒险 Encourage others to have a good mindset Lastly, we need to support our friends and classmates. I have set myself another new goal: I should always encourage the people around me to embrace challenges and try new things. It is wrong to tease others when they make mistakes; instead, we should all work together to create a safe and friendly study environment so that everyone can develop their skills and acquire new knowledge. last·ly /ˈlɑːstli/ 最后一点；最后,=finally Appreciating language Page 80 Do you think study is important? Do you need to keep learning throughout your life? Read aloud the essay below about Francis Bacon’s arguments for study. Of Studies Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgement and disposition of business. 读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。 or·na·ment /ˈɔːnəmənt/ 为…增添光彩的人（或事物） retiring/rɪˈtaɪərɪŋ/退隐 dis·course /ˈdɪskɔːs/ 论文；演讲;语篇；话语 dis·pos·ition  /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃn/ (财产、金钱的)处置,让与;性格,性情 To spend too much time in studies, is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar. 读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。 sloth /sləʊθ/ 懒散；怠惰 af·fect·ation /ˌæfekˈteɪʃn/ 假装；做作；装模作样 whol·ly  /ˈhəʊlli/( formal ) completely,totally完全地；全面地；整体地 hu·mour  /ˈhjuːmə(r)/ 感觉；心情；精神状态 They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience; for natural abilities are like natural plants that need pruning (by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience). 读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接。(而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当) 。 per·fect /pəˈfekt/ 使完善；使完美；使完备 prune  /pruːn/ 修剪树枝；打杈 at large整个;全部;总地;一般地;大多数;未被捕获的;自由的 bound  /baʊnd/ 形成…的边界（或界限） Crafty men dislike studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. 狡黠者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。 crafty  /ˈkrɑːfti/ 巧妙的；（尤指）狡诈的，诡计多端的 simple智力低下；迟钝；笨 Read not to contradict and confute ; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. 读书时不可存心诘难，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。 con·tra·dict  /ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkt/ 驳斥;批驳;相抵触;相矛盾;相反 con·fute  /kənˈfjuːt/ vt.驳倒；驳斥 take sb/sth for granted（因习以为常）对…不予重视；（因视为当然而）不把…当回事 weigh认真考虑；权衡；斟酌 Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously;and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention.书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。 swal·low  /ˈswɒləʊ/ 吞下；咽下 chew  /tʃuː/ 咀嚼；嚼碎 di·gest /daɪˈdʒest/ 消化;领会；领悟；理解 dili·gence  /ˈdɪlɪdʒəns/ 勤勉；勤奋；用功 at·ten·tion  /əˈtenʃn/ 注意；专心；留心；注意力 Reading makes a full man; discussion a ready man; and writing an exact man.And therefore, if a man writes little, he needs to have a great memory; if he discusses little, he needs to have a present wit; and if he reads little, he needs to be very clever (have much cunning) to know that he does not know.读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常作笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。 ready聪明的；机敏的 pres·ent /ˈpreznt/ 现存的；当前的 wit能力,智力,明智 cun·ning  /ˈkʌnɪŋ/ n.狡猾;诡诈;狡黠 Histories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend. 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。 witty  /ˈwɪti/ 言辞诙谐的；巧妙的；妙趣横生的；机智的 sub·tle /ˈsʌtl/ (人或其行为) 机智的;机巧的;狡猾的;敏锐的;头脑灵活的 natural philosophy自然哲学 grave  /ɡreɪv/ 严肃的；庄严的；表情沉重的 rhet·oric /ˈretərɪk/修辞技巧；修辞;花言巧语 con·tend /kənˈtend/ (尤指在争论中)声称,主张,认为;辩称 No, there is no obstacle to the mind that cannot be improved by suitable studies, just like the disease of the body which can be treated by appropriate exercise. 人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。 obs·tacle  /ˈɒbstəkl/ ~ to (doing) sth障碍；阻碍；绊脚石;障碍物；绊脚石;障碍栅栏；障碍 So if a man’s wit is wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit is called away never so little, he must begin again. 如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演题须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演； wan·der  /ˈwɒndə(r)/ 走神；神志恍惚；（思想）开小差 de·mon·stra·tion  /ˌdemənˈstreɪʃn/ 示范；示范表演；演示;证明；证实；论证；说明 call sb away叫走；把…叫到别处去 If he is not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers’ cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt. (Adapted from “Of Studies”, by Francis Bacon) 如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。 apt to be.../ to do sth  /æpt/ 易于…；有…倾向 beat yourself up (about/over sth)（为某事）过分自责 call sth up使回忆起；使想起 de·fect /ˈdiːfekt/ 缺点；缺陷；毛病 re·ceipt /rɪˈsiːt/ 接收；收到;收入 $$