Unit 4 Problems and advice句子成分和基本句型（单元核心语法精练）英语沪教牛津版九年级上册

Unit 4 Problems and advice 核心语法精练（句子成分和基本句型） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 一、句子成分 2 二、基本句型 2 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单项选择 4 二、连词成句 10 三、句子翻译 11 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 12 一、语法选择 12 二、短文填空 15 一、句子成分 句子成分 构成 例句 主语 名词、主格代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词等 That man looks strange.那个人看起来很奇怪。 Swimming is my hobby. 游泳是我的爱好。 谓语 动词，一般位于主语之后 He puts the book on the table.他把书放在桌上。 She sings beautifully.她唱歌很好听。 宾语 名词、宾格代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词等 I waited for the bus for half an hour.我等公交车等了半小时。 I decide to go home now.我决定现在回家。 表语 在连系动词之后的形容词、副词、名词、代词、不定式、介词短语等 The weather is wet in the southern part.在南部，气候潮湿。 You look very beautiful. 你看起来很美。 定语 形容词、副词、代词、数词、名词、动词不定式、动名词、介词短语等 The boy in blue is Tom.穿蓝色衣服的男孩是汤姆。 The running water is clean.流动的水是干净的。 状语 副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、动词不定式等 The girl lives in America.这个女孩住在美国。 She came here to see me.她来这儿看我。 宾语补足语 形容词、副词、名词、代词、数词、不定式、分词等 We found him alone by the lake.我们发现他独自一人在湖边。 They made the room clean.他们把房间打扫干净了。 同位语 名词、数词、代词或从句 We Chinese won't give in to difficulties.我们中国人不会向困难低头。 My friend Tom is a good student.我的朋友汤姆是个好学生。 二、基本句型 英语的六大基本句型分别为主谓结构、主谓宾结构、主系表结构、主谓双宾结构、主谓宾宾补结构以及 there be 结构，以下是每个句型的 2 个例句及成分分析： 1. 主谓结构（S+V，Subject + Verb） 此句型中谓语动词为不及物动词，后面不需要接宾语。 例句 1：The birds fly. 成分分析：The birds（主语，表示动作的执行者，名词）；fly（谓语，表示主语发出的动作，动词）。 例句 2：She laughed. 成分分析：She（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；laughed（谓语，发出的动作，动词）。 2. 主谓宾结构（S+V+O，Subject + Verb + Object） 谓语动词为及物动词，后面需要接一个宾语，用来表示动作的对象。 例句 1：I love music. 成分分析：I（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；love（谓语，及物动词，动词）；music（宾语，动作的对象，名词）。 例句 2：They want to go shopping. 成分分析：They（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；want（谓语，及物动词，动词）；to go shopping（宾语，动作的对象，动词不定式）。 3. 主系表结构（S+V+P，Subject + Link Verb + Predicative） 系动词不能单独作谓语，后面必须跟表语，用来说明主语的状态、性质、特征等。常见系动词有 be 动词、感官动词（look, sound, smell 等）、become, get ，turn，go, grow等。 例句 1：The flower looks beautiful. 成分分析：The flower（主语，描述的对象，名词）；looks（系动词，感官系动词）；beautiful（表语，说明主语的特征，形容词）。 例句 2：He is a doctor. 成分分析：He（主语，描述对象，主格代词）；is（系动词，be 动词）；a doctor（表语，说明主语的身份，名词短语）。 4. 主谓双宾结构（S+V+IO+DO，Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object） 谓语动词后面接两个宾语，间接宾语表示动作的接受者，通常是人；直接宾语表示动作的对象或内容，通常是物。 例句 1：She gave me a book. 成分分析：She（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；gave（谓语，及物动词，动词）；me（间接宾语，动作的接受者，宾格代词）；a book（直接宾语，动作的对象，名词短语）。 例句 2：He told us a story. 成分分析：He（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；told（谓语，及物动词，动词）；us（间接宾语，动作的接受者，宾格代词）；a story（直接宾语，动作的对象，名词短语）。 5. 主谓宾宾补结构（S+V+O+C，Subject + Verb + Object + Complement） 宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语的情况，可以由形容词、名词、动词不定式等充当。 例句 1：We keep the room clean. 成分分析：We（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；keep（谓语，及物动词，动词）；the room（宾语，动作的对象，名词短语）；clean（宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态，形容词）。 例句 2：They asked him to leave. 成分分析：They（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；asked（谓语，及物动词，动词）；him（宾语，动作的对象，宾格代词）；to leave（宾语补足语，补充说明宾语要做的事情，动词不定式）。 6. There be 结构（There + be + 主语 + 其他） 这是一种特殊句型，表示 “某地有某人或某物” ，be 动词的单复数形式要根据后面的主语来确定。 例句 1：There is a pen on the desk. 成分分析：There（引导词，无实际意义）；is（谓语，be 动词）；a pen（主语，存在的事物，名词短语）；on the desk（地点状语，表示存在的地点，介词短语）。 例句 2：There are some students in the classroom. 成分分析：There（引导词，无实际意义）；are（谓语，be 动词）；some students（主语，存在的事物，名词短语）；in the classroom（地点状语，表示存在的地点，介词短语）。 一、单项选择 1．The Chongyang Festival is a day to respect the elders. A．宾语 B．谓语 C．定语 D．主语 2．It’s hard to imagine how things will go on. A．谓语 B．表语 C．定语 D．真正主语 3．He has read the book twice. A．主语 B．谓语 C．表语 D．宾语 4．My brother is a policeman. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．表语 5．Jean seems to be full of energy after her vacation. A．谓语 B．定语 C．宾语 D．表语 6．I used to hate P.E. class, but now I’m on the basketball team. A．表语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 7．My parents give me a lot of pressure about my study. A．间接宾语 B．直接宾语 C．定语 D．表语 8．He bought me a nice present last week. A．表语 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 D．宾补 9．Most people think that the story of Chang’e is the most touching. A．定语 B．状语 C．宾语 D．主语 10．Mary asked me to help her yesterday. A．定语 B．状语 C．宾补 D．表语 11．The song made me happy. A．表语 B．宾语 C．定语 D．补语 12．China is a country which has the largest population in the world. A．宾语 B．定语 C．主语 D．表语 13．My elder sister is looking happily at the report card. A．主语 B．表语 C．定语 D．谓语 14．The old man lived in a house with a beautiful garden. A．谓语 B．状语 C．定语 D．主语 15．There will be more trees and less pollution in the future. A．宾语 B．定语 C．主语 D．状语 16．We’d like more students to join the story telling club. A．状语 B．直接宾语 C．宾语补足语 D．谓语 17．Chinese medicine is becoming more and more popular in the world. A．主语 B．表语 C．定语 D．状语 18．They are playing basketball over there. A．谓语 B．主语 C．表语 D．宾语 19．What he said made me very upset. A．主语 B．宾语 C．谓语 D．定语 20．By the time I got to the airport, the plane had already taken off . A．定语 B．状语 C．谓语 D．宾补 21．Please call me up as soon as you arrive in Neijiang. A．表语 B．状语 C．定语 D．谓语 22．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “James will arrive next week.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+O+OC 23．What is the sentence pattern of “The news makes me happy”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 24．The structure of the sentence “I find the story very interesting.” is ________  . A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 25．Which is the sentence pattern of “He bought you a dictionary yesterday.”? A．S+V+O B．S+Ⅴ+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+O+OC 26．Which of the following sentence does fit the sentence structure “S＋V＋O”? A．Actions speak louder than words. B．East or west, home is best. C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Care and diligence bring luck. 27．What is the sentence pattern of “The dish smells terrible”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 28．The sentence pattern of “His mother is cooking now.” is ________. A．S+V+P B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+OC D．S+V 29．There ________ no milk in the fridge. Let’s go to the supermarket to buy some. A．is B．are C．isn’t D．aren’t 30．There ________ an English party in our school this evening. A．is going to have B．will have C．is going to be D．will has 二、连词成句 1．for, the, some students, use, often, Internet, fun . 2．long, 30 kilometres, is, road, the, about . 3．Tourists, also, beautiful, love, at, swimming, these, beaches . 4．me, a funny story, after, my grandmother, told, dinner . 5．more responsible, helps, become, us, keeping pet dogs  . 6．there, I, so, are, many, differences, realize . 三、句子翻译 1．这个想法起效了。（S+V） _____________________________________________________________________________________________2．你应该享受英语。（S+V+O） _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．他们帮助人们过上更好的生活。（S+V+O+C） _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．校长给整个学校做了一个演讲。（S+V+IO+DO）或（S+V+DO+IO） _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．现在计算机变得越来越小，越来越好。（S+V+P） _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、语法选择 Do you sometimes feel lonely? Here 1 some advice for all the kids. It’s hard 2 a best friend isn’t around. Maybe when she/ he moves to a 3 school, you may feel lonely at break. You want 4 new friends. But 5 do you make them? Maybe everybody 6 their friends. But there’s always room for more friends. Look around your classroom. And think about who you’d like to play 7 at break. Look for chances 8 hi to them, smile, and be friendly. Offer to help them when they are in trouble. Invite somebody 9 with you or say “Do you want to sit here?” in the dinning hall. Say “Hi, can I play, 10 ?” or just join in. If you have difficulty 11 this, ask your teachers for help. Teachers are usually 12 at matching up friends. The best way to make friends is to be 13 friend. Be kind, say nice things and help others. Soon you 14 more new friends. You might still miss that special best friend. But when you meet each other again, you 15 talk about something you didn’t have before she/ he left. You can introduce her/ him to your new friends 1．A．is B．are C．was D．were 2．A．when B．unless C．until D．although 3．A．differ B．difference C．different D．differently 4．A．have B．to have C．having D．to having 5．A．what B．when C．why D．how 6．A．has B．have C．had D．having 7．A．for B．with C．on D．to 8．A．say B．to say C．saying D．to saying 9．A．play B．to play C．playing D．played 10．A．either B．also C．neither D．too 11．A．do B．did C．doing D．done 12．A．well B．good C．better D．best 13．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 14．A．have B．had C．will have D．have had 15．A．must B．can C．need D．would 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Tina is a football lover. She 1 (have) a dream of becoming a football 2 (play) in the future. She 3 (be) on the school team for 3 years. She practices hard every day. Last term, her school team 4 (beat) the team from No.4 Middle school. Because of the victory, her father bought a mobile phone 5 her as a reward. It was her 6 (one) mobile phone. She liked it very much. She often checked text 7 (message) after school. She took it everywhere she went. They were so close 8 nothing could separate them. She also 9 (spend) too much time playing games on it. Her father was worried about this. 10 (stop) her using the mobile phone, he decided to have a talk with her. Though his father tried his 11 (good) to make her realize the bad effects of the mobile phone, it was a pity that they didn’t reach 12 agreement in the end. One day, her phone 13 (break) by her. She had nothing to play with that night. It was so 14 (silence) in the room. She did some reading instead 15 found that the mobile phone wasn’t the whole world and she should use it properly. The next day, she went to her father directly and said sorry to her father. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Problems and advice 核心语法精练（句子成分和基本句型） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 一、句子成分 2 二、基本句型 2 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单项选择 4 二、连词成句 10 三、句子翻译 11 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 12 一、语法选择 12 二、短文填空 15 一、句子成分 句子成分 构成 例句 主语 名词、主格代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词等 That man looks strange.那个人看起来很奇怪。 Swimming is my hobby. 游泳是我的爱好。 谓语 动词，一般位于主语之后 He puts the book on the table.他把书放在桌上。 She sings beautifully.她唱歌很好听。 宾语 名词、宾格代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词等 I waited for the bus for half an hour.我等公交车等了半小时。 I decide to go home now.我决定现在回家。 表语 在连系动词之后的形容词、副词、名词、代词、不定式、介词短语等 The weather is wet in the southern part.在南部，气候潮湿。 You look very beautiful. 你看起来很美。 定语 形容词、副词、代词、数词、名词、动词不定式、动名词、介词短语等 The boy in blue is Tom.穿蓝色衣服的男孩是汤姆。 The running water is clean.流动的水是干净的。 状语 副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、动词不定式等 The girl lives in America.这个女孩住在美国。 She came here to see me.她来这儿看我。 宾语补足语 形容词、副词、名词、代词、数词、不定式、分词等 We found him alone by the lake.我们发现他独自一人在湖边。 They made the room clean.他们把房间打扫干净了。 同位语 名词、数词、代词或从句 We Chinese won't give in to difficulties.我们中国人不会向困难低头。 My friend Tom is a good student.我的朋友汤姆是个好学生。 二、基本句型 英语的六大基本句型分别为主谓结构、主谓宾结构、主系表结构、主谓双宾结构、主谓宾宾补结构以及 there be 结构，以下是每个句型的 2 个例句及成分分析： 1. 主谓结构（S+V，Subject + Verb） 此句型中谓语动词为不及物动词，后面不需要接宾语。 例句 1：The birds fly. 成分分析：The birds（主语，表示动作的执行者，名词）；fly（谓语，表示主语发出的动作，动词）。 例句 2：She laughed. 成分分析：She（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；laughed（谓语，发出的动作，动词）。 2. 主谓宾结构（S+V+O，Subject + Verb + Object） 谓语动词为及物动词，后面需要接一个宾语，用来表示动作的对象。 例句 1：I love music. 成分分析：I（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；love（谓语，及物动词，动词）；music（宾语，动作的对象，名词）。 例句 2：They want to go shopping. 成分分析：They（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；want（谓语，及物动词，动词）；to go shopping（宾语，动作的对象，动词不定式）。 3. 主系表结构（S+V+P，Subject + Link Verb + Predicative） 系动词不能单独作谓语，后面必须跟表语，用来说明主语的状态、性质、特征等。常见系动词有 be 动词、感官动词（look, sound, smell 等）、become, get ，turn，go, grow等。 例句 1：The flower looks beautiful. 成分分析：The flower（主语，描述的对象，名词）；looks（系动词，感官系动词）；beautiful（表语，说明主语的特征，形容词）。 例句 2：He is a doctor. 成分分析：He（主语，描述对象，主格代词）；is（系动词，be 动词）；a doctor（表语，说明主语的身份，名词短语）。 4. 主谓双宾结构（S+V+IO+DO，Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object） 谓语动词后面接两个宾语，间接宾语表示动作的接受者，通常是人；直接宾语表示动作的对象或内容，通常是物。 例句 1：She gave me a book. 成分分析：She（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；gave（谓语，及物动词，动词）；me（间接宾语，动作的接受者，宾格代词）；a book（直接宾语，动作的对象，名词短语）。 例句 2：He told us a story. 成分分析：He（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；told（谓语，及物动词，动词）；us（间接宾语，动作的接受者，宾格代词）；a story（直接宾语，动作的对象，名词短语）。 5. 主谓宾宾补结构（S+V+O+C，Subject + Verb + Object + Complement） 宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语的情况，可以由形容词、名词、动词不定式等充当。 例句 1：We keep the room clean. 成分分析：We（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；keep（谓语，及物动词，动词）；the room（宾语，动作的对象，名词短语）；clean（宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态，形容词）。 例句 2：They asked him to leave. 成分分析：They（主语，动作执行者，主格代词）；asked（谓语，及物动词，动词）；him（宾语，动作的对象，宾格代词）；to leave（宾语补足语，补充说明宾语要做的事情，动词不定式）。 6. There be 结构（There + be + 主语 + 其他） 这是一种特殊句型，表示 “某地有某人或某物” ，be 动词的单复数形式要根据后面的主语来确定。 例句 1：There is a pen on the desk. 成分分析：There（引导词，无实际意义）；is（谓语，be 动词）；a pen（主语，存在的事物，名词短语）；on the desk（地点状语，表示存在的地点，介词短语）。 例句 2：There are some students in the classroom. 成分分析：There（引导词，无实际意义）；are（谓语，be 动词）；some students（主语，存在的事物，名词短语）；in the classroom（地点状语，表示存在的地点，介词短语）。 一、单项选择 1．The Chongyang Festival is a day to respect the elders. A．宾语 B．谓语 C．定语 D．主语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：重阳节是敬老的日子。 考查句子成分。The Chongyang Festival作主语；is是系动词；a day to respect the elders作表语，故选D。 2．It’s hard to imagine how things will go on. A．谓语 B．表语 C．定语 D．真正主语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：很难想象事情会怎样发展。 考查句子成分。it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，故选D。 3．He has read the book twice. A．主语 B．谓语 C．表语 D．宾语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他已经把这本书读过两遍了。 考查句子成分。He作主语；has read作谓语；the book作宾语；twice作状语。故选B。 4．My brother is a policeman. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．表语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的哥哥是一名警察。 考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句话的主语是My brother， 系动词is， 表语为a policeman。故选D。 5．Jean seems to be full of energy after her vacation. A．谓语 B．定语 C．宾语 D．表语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：度假后，Jean似乎充满活力。 考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知，Jean作主语；seems作系动词；to be full of energy作表语，描述主语的状态；after her vacation作状语。故选D。 6．I used to hate P.E. class, but now I’m on the basketball team. A．表语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我以前讨厌体育课，但是现在我在篮球队。 考查句子成分。used to hate是谓语，表示过去常常的状态或行为，其中used to是情态动词短语，hate是实义动词，共同构成谓语。故选B。 7．My parents give me a lot of pressure about my study. A．间接宾语 B．直接宾语 C．定语 D．表语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的父母给了我很大的学习压力。 考查句子成分。根据“give me a lot of pressure”可知，这句话使用双宾语结构give sb sth“给某人某物”，其中“物”是直接宾语，“人”是间接宾语；所以划线部分“a lot of pressure”是直接宾语。故选B。 8．He bought me a nice present last week. A．表语 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 D．宾补 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他上周给我买了一个很好看的礼物。 考查成分辨析。原题干是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构，he是主语；bought是谓语；me是间接宾语；a nice present是直接宾语；last week是时间状语。故选C。 9．Most people think that the story of Chang’e is the most touching. A．定语 B．状语 C．宾语 D．主语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大多数人认为嫦娥的故事是最感人的。 考查句子成分。根据“Most people think that the story of Chang’e is the most touching.”可知，Most people为主语；think为谓语；that the story of Chang’e is the most touching为宾语从句，在句中作宾语。故选C。 10．Mary asked me to help her yesterday. A．定语 B．状语 C．宾补 D．表语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：玛丽昨天让我帮她。 考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知，“Mary”是主语，表示动作的执行者；“asked”是谓语动词；“me”是宾语，是动作“asked”的对象；“to help her” 进一步说明“me”需要做的事情，即对宾语“me”进行补充说明，说明让“我”做什么，所以“to help her”是宾语补足语。故选C。 11．The song made me happy. A．表语 B．宾语 C．定语 D．补语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这首歌让我开心。 考查句子成分。The song是主语，made是谓语动词，me是宾语，happy是宾语补足语。划线部分是happy。故选D。 12．China is a country which has the largest population in the world. A．宾语 B．定语 C．主语 D．表语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国是世界上人口最多的国家。 考查句子成分。China作主句的主语；is作主语的谓语；a country作主句的表语；which has the largest population in the world是定语从句；which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。故选B。 13．My elder sister is looking happily at the report card. A．主语 B．表语 C．定语 D．谓语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我姐姐正高兴地看着成绩单。 考查句子成分。elder“年龄较大的”，形容词作定语修饰名词sister。故选C。 14．The old man lived in a house with a beautiful garden. A．谓语 B．状语 C．定语 D．主语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位老人住在一座带有美丽花园的房子里。 考查句子成分。根据分析句子“The old man lived in a house with a beautiful garden.”可知，在该句中，The old man作主语；lived in作谓语；a house作宾语；with a beautiful garden作house的后置定语。故选C。 15．There will be more trees and less pollution in the future. A．宾语 B．定语 C．主语 D．状语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：将来会有更多的树和更少的污染。 考查句子成分。in the future“在将来”，表示时间，修饰整个句子，因此在句子中作状语。故选D。 16．We’d like more students to join the story telling club. A．状语 B．直接宾语 C．宾语补足语 D．谓语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们希望更多的学生加入讲故事俱乐部。 考查句子成分。would like sb to do sth“想要某人去做某事”，此处的动词不定式作宾语补足语，故选C。 17．Chinese medicine is becoming more and more popular in the world. A．主语 B．表语 C．定语 D．状语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中医在世界上越来越受欢迎。 考查句子成分。根据“is becoming”可知，become是系动词，因此“more and more popular”是表语，故选B。 18．They are playing basketball over there. A．谓语 B．主语 C．表语 D．宾语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们在那边打篮球。 考查句子成分。They是主语；are playing是谓语；basketball是宾语；over there是地点状语。故选A。 19．What he said made me very upset. A．主语 B．宾语 C．谓语 D．定语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他说的话让我很难过。 考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知，made动词过去分词作谓语，所以谓语前的“What he said”是主语。故选A。 20．By the time I got to the airport, the plane had already taken off . A．定语 B．状语 C．谓语 D．宾补 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我到机场时，飞机早已经起飞了。 考查句子结构。该句结构为“主+谓”，the plane是主语，had taken off是谓语，故选C。 21．Please call me up as soon as you arrive in Neijiang. A．表语 B．状语 C．定语 D．谓语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请您一到内江就给我打电话。 考查句子成分。根据题干中画线部分，“as soon as”表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，因此画线部分在句中作状语。故选B。 22．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “James will arrive next week.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“James will arrive next week.”这句话的句型是什么？ 考查句型。James作主语，will arrive作谓语，next week作时间状语。本句句型是“S+V”，故选C。 23．What is the sentence pattern of “The news makes me happy”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“这个消息使我高兴”的句型是什么？ 考查句型。The news为主语；makes为谓语动词；me为宾格；happy为宾语补足语。所以本句为“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构，即S+V+O+OC。故选D。 24．The structure of the sentence “I find the story very interesting.” is ________  . A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“我觉得这个故事很有趣。”这句话的结构是主+谓+宾语+宾补。 考查句子结构。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+IO+ DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。分析句子“I find the story very interesting.”“I”是主语，表示执行动作的在这个句子中，人；“find”是谓语动词，表示“发现”的动作；“the book”是宾语，是“find”这个动作的对象；“interesting”是用来补充说明“the book”的特征，即“有趣的”，在句中作宾语补足语。所以该句子的结构是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”，即 S+V+ DO + OC 结构。故选D。 25．Which is the sentence pattern of “He bought you a dictionary yesterday.”? A．S+V+O B．S+Ⅴ+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意：哪个是“他昨天给你买了一本字典”的句型？ 考查句子结构。S+V+O主谓宾；S+Ⅴ+IO+DO主谓双宾；S+V主谓；S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补。分析句子可知，He主语；bought谓语；you间接宾语；a dictionary直接宾语；yesterday状语。故选B。 26．Which of the following sentence does fit the sentence structure “S＋V＋O”? A．Actions speak louder than words. B．East or west, home is best. C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Care and diligence bring luck. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子符合“S+V+O”的句子结构？ 考查句子结构。Actions speak louder than words“S+V”；East or west, home is best“S+V+P”；A friend in need is a friend indeed“S+V+P”；Care and diligence bring luck“S+V+O”。“S＋V＋O”指的是“主语+谓语+宾语”，根据句型结构可知D符合，Care and diligence是主语S，bring是谓语动词V，luck是宾语O。故选D。 27．What is the sentence pattern of “The dish smells terrible”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“这道菜闻起来很糟糕”的句型是什么？ 考查基本句型。S+V主谓；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+P主系表；S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补。“The dish”作主语；“smells”是系动词；“terrible”是形容词，作表语。故选C。 28．The sentence pattern of “His mother is cooking now.” is ________. A．S+V+P B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+OC D．S+V 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“他的妈妈正在做饭。”的句型是S+V。S+V+P主系表；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补；S+V主谓。“his mother”是主语，即S；“is cooking”是谓语，即V，所以句型是S+V。故选D。 29．There ________ no milk in the fridge. Let’s go to the supermarket to buy some. A．is B．are C．isn’t D．aren’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：冰箱里没有牛奶了。我们去超市买一些吧。 考查there be句型。根据“Let’s go to the supermarket to buy some.”可知，冰箱里没有牛奶了，句中已有表示否定意义的词no，因此排除C项和D项；milk是不可数名词，be动词应用is，排除B项。故选A。 30．There ________ an English party in our school this evening. A．is going to have B．will have C．is going to be D．will has 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今晚我们学校将有一个英语晚会。 考查there be句型及时态。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，此句为there be句型，根据“this evening”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，C项符合。故选C。 二、连词成句 1．for, the, some students, use, often, Internet, fun . 【答案】Some students often use the Internet for fun 【详解】根据所给词汇和标点可知，此句是陈述句。some students作主语；often是频度副词，用在行为动词前；use是谓语动词；the Internet是宾语；for fun作状语。故填Some students often use the Internet for fun“有些学生经常上网取乐”。 2．long, 30 kilometres, is, road, the, about . 【答案】The road is about 30 kilometres long 【详解】根据标点符号“.”可知该句为陈述句，分析所给单词，the road作主语，is作谓语，about 30 kilometres long作表语。故填The road is about 30 kilometres long“这条路大约3万公里长”。 3．Tourists, also, beautiful, love, at, swimming, these, beaches . 【答案】Tourists also love swimming at these beautiful beaches 【详解】根据所给标点可知，本句为陈述句。分析所给单词，Tourists作主语；love作谓语，主语为复数形式的一般现在时，动词用原形；swimming作宾语；at these beautiful beaches作地点状语；also副词，位于实义动词前。故填Tourists also love swimming at these beautiful beaches“游客们也喜欢在这些美丽的海滩游泳”。 4．me, a funny story, after, my grandmother, told, dinner (连词成句) . 【答案】My grandmother told me a funny story after dinner 【详解】根据标点和所给词汇可知是肯定句。主语是my grandmother，谓语动词是told，宾语是me和a funny story，tell sb sth“告诉某人某事”是固定搭配，after dinner是时间状语。故填My grandmother told me a funny story after dinner“晚饭后，奶奶给我讲了一个有趣的故事”。 5．more responsible, helps, become, us, keeping pet dogs   . 【答案】Keeping pet dogs helps us become more responsible 【详解】根据所给标点符号可知，句子为陈述句。keeping pet dogs“养宠物狗”，动名词作主语，helps“帮助”作谓语，us“我们”作宾语，become more responsible“变得更负责任”为宾语补足语。故填Keeping pet dogs helps us become more responsible“养宠物狗有助于我们变得更负责任”。 6．there, I, so, are, many, differences, realize . 【答案】I realize there are so many differences 【详解】根据标点符号可知，此句为陈述句。“I”作为主语，“realize”作为动词，表示“意识到”。接下来，我们需要将剩余的单词组合成一个完整的宾语从句，作为“realize”的对象。“there are so many differences”是一个完整的存在句型，表示“有如此多的不同”。将主语“I”、动词“realize”和宾语从句“there are so many differences”组合起来，就得到了句子I realize there are so many differences。故填I realize there are so many differences“我意识到有如此多的不同”。 三、句子翻译 1．这个想法起效了。（S+V） _____________________________________________________________________________________________2．你应该享受英语。（S+V+O） _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．他们帮助人们过上更好的生活。（S+V+O+C） _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．校长给整个学校做了一个演讲。（S+V+IO+DO）或（S+V+DO+IO） _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．现在计算机变得越来越小，越来越好。（S+V+P） _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．The idea worked. 2．You should enjoy English. 3．They help people live a better life. 4．The head teacher gave a speech to the whole school.或 The head teacher gave the whole school a speech. 5．Now computers are becoming smaller and better. 【解析】 1．根据要求（S+V），可知翻译为主谓结构的陈述句。根据句意，本句可用一般过去时表达，主语：这个想法The idea；谓语：起效了worked，故答案为The idea worked.。 2．根据要求（S+V+O），可知翻译为主谓宾结构的陈述句。主语：你you；谓语：应该享受should enjoy；宾语：英语English，故答案为You should enjoy English. 3．根据要求（S+V+O+C），可知翻译为主谓宾+宾补结构的陈述句。根据句意，“帮助某人做某事”用句型help sb.（to） do。主语：他们they；谓语：帮助help；宾语：人们 people； 宾补：过上更好的生活live a better life. 故答案为They help people live a better life. 4．根据要求（S+V+IO+DO）或（S+V+DO+IO），可知翻译为主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语，或主谓+直接接宾语+间接宾语结构的陈述句。所以用句型give sth. to sb或give sb. sth.主语：校长he head teacher；谓语：做gave，间接宾语：a speech直接宾语：整个学校the whole school。故答案为The head teacher gave a speech to the whole school. 或The head teacher gave the whole school a speech. 5．根据要求（S+V+P），可知翻译为主谓表结构的陈述句。现在主语：计算机computers；谓语：变得are becoming；表语：越来越小，越来越好smaller and better.，故答案为Now computers are becoming smaller and better. 一、语法选择 Do you sometimes feel lonely? Here 1 some advice for all the kids. It’s hard 2 a best friend isn’t around. Maybe when she/ he moves to a 3 school, you may feel lonely at break. You want 4 new friends. But 5 do you make them? Maybe everybody 6 their friends. But there’s always room for more friends. Look around your classroom. And think about who you’d like to play 7 at break. Look for chances 8 hi to them, smile, and be friendly. Offer to help them when they are in trouble. Invite somebody 9 with you or say “Do you want to sit here?” in the dinning hall. Say “Hi, can I play, 10 ?” or just join in. If you have difficulty 11 this, ask your teachers for help. Teachers are usually 12 at matching up friends. The best way to make friends is to be 13 friend. Be kind, say nice things and help others. Soon you 14 more new friends. You might still miss that special best friend. But when you meet each other again, you 15 talk about something you didn’t have before she/ he left. You can introduce her/ him to your new friends 1．A．is B．are C．was D．were 2．A．when B．unless C．until D．although 3．A．differ B．difference C．different D．differently 4．A．have B．to have C．having D．to having 5．A．what B．when C．why D．how 6．A．has B．have C．had D．having 7．A．for B．with C．on D．to 8．A．say B．to say C．saying D．to saying 9．A．play B．to play C．playing D．played 10．A．either B．also C．neither D．too 11．A．do B．did C．doing D．done 12．A．well B．good C．better D．best 13．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 14．A．have B．had C．will have D．have had 15．A．must B．can C．need D．would 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，指导孩子如何应对孤独并结交新朋友，强调主动和友善的重要性。 1．句意：这里有一些给所有孩子的建议。 is是，单数；are复数；was是，is的过去式；were是，are的过去式。主语“some advice”为不可数名词，谓语用单数，且为一般现在时。故选A。 2．句意：当最好的朋友不在身边时很艰难。 when当……时；unless除非；until直到；although虽然。空缺处需引导时间状语从句，表示“当朋友不在身边时”。故选A。 3．句意：当朋友转到一所不同的学校时，你可能会在休息时感到孤独。 differ不同，动词；difference不同，名词；different不同的，形容词；differently不同地，副词。修饰名词“school”需形容词。故选C。 4．句意：你想要交新朋友。 have拥有；to have动词不定式；having现在分词或动名词；to having介宾形式。want to do sth.为固定搭配。故选B。 5．句意：但你该如何结交他们呢？ what什么；when什么时候；why为什么；how如何。根据后文具体方法可知询问方式。故选D。 6．句意：可能每个人都有朋友。 has拥有，三单形式；have动词原形；had动词过去式；having现在分词或动名词。主语“everybody”为单数，谓语需三单形式。故选A。 7．句意：想想课间你想和谁一起玩。 for为了；with和……一起；on在……上面；to朝。play with sb.为固定搭配。故选B。 8．句意：寻找机会向他们问好、微笑和表示友好。 say说；动词原形；to say动词不定式；saying现在分词或动名词；to saying介宾。look for chances to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“寻找机会做某事”。故选B。 9．句意：邀请某人一起玩耍或者在餐厅说“你想坐在这里吗？” play玩耍；动词原形；to play动词不定式；playing现在分词或动名词；played过去式或过去分词。invite sb. to do为固定搭配。故选B。 10．句意：“嗨，我能一起玩吗？” either也，用于否定句中；also也，用于句中；neither两者都不，表示否定；too也，用在句末。此处为疑问句，用在句末。故选D。 11．句意：如果你做这件事有困难，向老师们寻求帮助。 do做，动词原形；did动词过去式；doing动名词；done过去分词。have difficulty (in) doing为固定搭配。故选C。 12．句意：老师通常擅长匹配朋友。 well好，副词，good好的，形容词；better更好的；best最好的。系动词“are”后接形容词作表语。此处无比较语境。故选B。 13．句意：最好的交友方式是成为一个朋友。 a/an一个，表示泛指，a用在辅音音素开头的单词前；an用在元音音素的单词前；the表示特指；/不填。泛指“一个朋友”，“friend”以辅音音素开头。故选A。 14．句意：很快你就会有更多新朋友。 have拥有；动词原形；had有，过去式；will have一般将来时；have had现在完成时。根据“soon”可知，用一般将来时。故选C。 15．句意：但当你们再次见到彼此时，你们可以聊些她/他离开前没有的事。 must必须；can可以；need需要；would将。此处表示表能力或可能性。故选B。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Tina is a football lover. She 1 (have) a dream of becoming a football 2 (play) in the future. She 3 (be) on the school team for 3 years. She practices hard every day. Last term, her school team 4 (beat) the team from No.4 Middle school. Because of the victory, her father bought a mobile phone 5 her as a reward. It was her 6 (one) mobile phone. She liked it very much. She often checked text 7 (message) after school. She took it everywhere she went. They were so close 8 nothing could separate them. She also 9 (spend) too much time playing games on it. Her father was worried about this. 10 (stop) her using the mobile phone, he decided to have a talk with her. Though his father tried his 11 (good) to make her realize the bad effects of the mobile phone, it was a pity that they didn’t reach 12 agreement in the end. One day, her phone 13 (break) by her. She had nothing to play with that night. It was so 14 (silence) in the room. She did some reading instead 15 found that the mobile phone wasn’t the whole world and she should use it properly. The next day, she went to her father directly and said sorry to her father. 【答案】 1．has 2．player 3．has been 4．beat 5．for 6．first 7．messages 8．that 9．spent 10．To stop 11．best 12．an 13．was broken 14．silent 15．and 【导语】本文讲述了Tina在一次比赛胜利后，父亲给她买了一部手机，Tina花大量时间在手机上，父亲觉得这样对她有害，但他们没有达成一致，后来Tina手机坏了只能看书，她发现了手机并不是全部，并向父亲道歉。 1．句意：她梦想将来成为一名足球运动员。根据is可知，时态为一般现在时，主语she为单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填has。 2．句意：她梦想将来成为一名足球运动员。根据“becoming a football...”可知，是成为一名足球运动员，空处用名词形式player“运动员”，a修饰用单数形式。故填player。 3．句意：她加入校队已经三年了。根据“for 3 years”可知，用现在完成时，结构为has/have+done，主语she为单数，助动词用has，be的过去分词为been。故填has been。 4．句意：上学期，她的校队击败了第四中学的队。根据“Last term”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，beat的过去式为beat。故填beat。 5．句意：因为胜利，她的父亲给她买了一部手机作为奖励。根据“bought a mobile phone...her”可知，是为她买了一部手机，用介词for“为了”。故填for。 6．句意：这是她的第一部手机。空处修饰名词mobile phone，用序数词first，表示第一部手机。故填first。 7．句意：她经常放学后查看短信。message“信息”，可数名词，空处用复数形式泛指多条短信。故填messages。 8．句意：它们如此亲密，没有什么能把它们分开。根据“They were so close...nothing could separate them.”可知，此句为so...that...“如此……以至于……”句式。故填that。 9．句意：她也花了太多时间玩游戏。spend“花费”，动词原形，根据were可知，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填spent。 10．句意：为了阻止她使用手机，他决定和她谈谈。根据“her using the mobile phone, he decided to have a talk with her.”可知，前面是目的，用动词不定式结构表目的，句首字母大写。故填To stop。 11．句意：尽管他的父亲竭尽全力让她意识到手机的不良影响，但遗憾的是他们最终没有达成协议。try one’s best“尽某人最大努力”，空处用good的最高级形式best。故填best。 12．句意：尽管他的父亲竭尽全力让她意识到手机的不良影响，但遗憾的是他们最终没有达成协议。reach an agreement“达成协议”，固定搭配，空处用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 13．句意：有一天，她的手机被她弄坏了。主语phone与谓语break之间是被动关系，用被动语态，结构为be+done，根据“One day”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语是单数，be动词用was，break的过去分词为broken。故填was broken。 14．句意：房间里一片寂静。be动词was后面用形容词作表语，silence“安静”，名词，形容词形式为silent“安静的”。故填silent。 15．句意：她读了一些书，发现手机不是全世界，她应该正确使用它。根据“She did some reading instead...found that the mobile phone wasn’t the whole world”可知，前后是顺承关系，用and连接。故填and。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$