内容正文:
Unit 1 Places in a city知
识
归
纳
语音语调
字母b在单词中可发/b/音: but bus bank bakery bread biscuit
(元音)字母u在单词中可发/ʌ/音: but cup nut bus run sun duck truck
一般疑问句的语调是升调,答语是降调。
例: Is there a bank near here?↗ Yes,there is. ↘ No, there isn’t.↘
必记单词
四会
bank 银行 cinema 电影院 hospital医院
restaurant 餐馆、餐厅 supermarket 超市
三会
cake 蛋糕 shop 商店 again 再一次, 又一次 hungry 饥饿的 near 在...附近 behind在...后面
常考短语
a cake shop 一家蛋糕店 a bank一家银行 a fire station 一个消防站
a police station 一个警察局 a hospital一家医院 in front of在...前面 flower shop 花店 a supermarket一家超市 a restaurant一家餐厅
必会句型
1.询问地点的句型:
—Where +be动词+地点? —It’s+方位介词+地点.
例:—Where is the cake shop?蛋糕店在哪里? —It’s near the bank.它在银行附近。
2.问地点的there be句型的一般疑问句:
问句:be动词+there+a/an+地点?动词原形+其他? 回答:Yes,there is./No,there isn’t.
例:— Is there a restaurant near there?那附近有一家餐馆吗?
—Yes, there is .是的,有一家。
3.there be句型陈述句:
· 基本结构:“There be +某物/人+某地”。意思是:在...有....
例:There are so many people there.那里有好多人。(复数)
There is a book on the desk.在桌子上有一本书。
4.询问他人“会不会”、“能不能”的句型:
· 情态动词Can+主语+动词原形+其他? 回答:Yes, 主语+can./No, 主语 +can’t.
例: —Can we go to a restaurant?我们能去饭店吗?
—Yes,we can./Sure.是的,我们可以/当然可以。
核心语法
1. 询问某个地点的句型
2. there be句型的陈述句和一般疑问句
3. 以情态动词can提前的一般疑问句
考
点
速
记
考点 01
询问某个地点在哪里的句型
—Where is the cake shop? —It’s over there. —蛋糕店在哪里?—它在那边.
—Where are they? —They are in the park. —他们在哪里?—他们在公园里。
句型:—Where +be动词+地点? —It’s+方位介词+地点.
· 表方位的介词:in 在...里面 on在....上面 under 在...下面 behind 在 ...后面 in front of在...前面
我们通常用特殊疑问句“Where is /are.....?”来询问某处的位置,意思是“它在哪儿?”。★★★★★
· 其中, where是特殊疑问词, 通常指“哪里”,表地点,答语中通常有方位介词。
· 其中be动词根据居中的名词的单复数决定。如:
(单数)—Where's the elephant? 大象在哪里? (’s=is)
—It’s in the zoo.它在动物园。
(复数)—Where are the girls? 女孩们在哪里?(‘re=are)
—They are in the classroom. 她们在教室里。
【拓展】课文中出现的over there 也是一个是介词短语,回答也可以直接用It’s over there.或者It’s here来回答。
提分练
一.单选题。
( )1.Where _____ the supermarket?
A. is B.are C.was D.were
( )2.Where _____ the students ?
A. / B.is C. do D.are
( )3.—_______is the flower shop?
—It’s in front of the police station.
A. What B.where C. Where D.Who
( )4.Where _____ the hotel you told me about last week?"
A. / B.is C. do D.are
( )5.—Where is the cake shop? —It’s _______the bank.
A.on B. with C. near D. to
考点 02
There be句型的陈述句:
There are so many people there.那里有好多人。
There is a book on the desk.在桌子上有一本书。
定义:There be结构的陈述句基本结构为“There is/are + 主语(单数/复数名词) + 地点状语”,其中be动词需与主语在数上保持一致:
· 主谓一致规则:
当主语为单数可数名词或不可数名词时,be动词用is;
当主语为复数可数名词时,be动词用are;
· 若主语由多个名词并列构成,be动词应与最近的一个名词在数上一致(就近原则)。例如:
There is a pen, two books, and many pencils on the desk.(最近的主语是单数的pen,因此用is)。
There are three apples and a pear in the basket.(最近的主语是复数的apples,因此用are)。1
· 否定形式。
在be动词后加not,并将some改为any。例如:
There is not a book on the desk.(原句为There is some books on the desk)。
There aren't any apples in the bowl.(原句为There are some apples in the bowl)。提分练
一、用be动词正确形式填空。
1. There________a hospital near the bank.
2. There________many people there.
3. There________three pencils and a book on the desk.
4.There ________an apple and many pears in the basket.
5.There________not a supermarket near here.
二、改写句子。
1.There is a bank near the hospital.(改为否定形式)
____________________________________________
2.There are many people in the park.(翻译句子)
_____________________________________________
3.There is an apple on the desk.(改为复数句子)
____________________________________________
4.连词成句: is;cake shop;near;There;a;here(.)
______________________________________________
5.连词成句:over ;It; there ;is(.)
_____________________________________________
考点 03
问地点的there be句型的一般疑问句:
— Is there a restaurant near there?那附近有一家餐馆吗?
—Yes, there is .是的,有一家。
—Is it a pencil case? —Yes, it is. —这是一个铅笔盒吗? —是的,它是。
· 定义:There be句型的一般疑问句结构是将be动词提前至句首,遵循"Be动词 + there + 主语 + 地点/时间状语?"的规则,并根据主语单复数及时态调整be动词形式。
· 基本结构
单数主语:Is there a/an + 单数可数名词 + 地点状语?
例句:Is there a book on the desk ?桌子上有一本书吗?
不可数名词或复数主语:Are there any + 复数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语?
例句:Are there any students in the classroom?教室里有学生吗?
· 就近原则:若主语为多个并列名词,be动词形式由最靠近的名词决定
例句:Is there a pen and two books? 用is.
· some与any的转换:疑问句中通常将肯定句的some改为any,但表示邀请或期待肯定回答时保留some(如:Is there some cake for me?/Can I have some milk?)。
· 回答格式:肯定回答为Yes, there is/are,否定回答为No, there isn't/aren't.
例句:Is there any water in the bottle? → Yes, there is. 瓶子里有水吗?是的,有水。
【拓展】there be句型的一般疑问句还有过去时和将来时。
· 一般过去时:
①单数主语:Was there a/an + 单数可数名词 + 地点状语?
例句:Was there a cat here yesterday? 昨天这里有一只猫吗?
②复数或不可数主语:Were there any + 复数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语?
例句:Were there any problems?有什么问题吗?
· 一般将来时:Will there be + 名词(单数/复数/不可数) + 地点状语?
例句:Will there be a meeting tomorrow? 明天有会议吗?
提分练
一、单项选择。
( )1.—Are there______ shops near here? —Yes, there are.
A.a B. some C. any
( )2.—Excuse me,________there a restaurant near here? —Yes,there is.
A. / B.is C. are
( )3.—Is there _______near here?—No, there isn’t.
A. any banks B.a bank C. banks
( )4. Are there any _______at home?
A.apple B. an apple C. apples
( )5. Is there__________and two books?
A. three pens B. pens C. a pen
二、按要求完成句子。
1. Is there a bank near here?(否定回答)
________ ,there __________.
2. There is a hospital near the cinema.(改为一般疑问句)
________ ________ a _________near the cinema?
3.Is there a shop near here?(改为复数句子)
_______ there_______ _______ near here?
4.Is; there; here; a; bank;near (?)(连词成句)
_____________________________________
5.in; It ; front ;is; police station; of ;the (.)(连词成句)
__________________________________________
考点 04
以情态动词can提前的一般疑问句—I am hungry,Mum. Can we go to a restaurant?妈妈,我饿了,我们能去饭店?
1.一般疑问句除了be动词提前的,另一种就是以情态动词为首的,本单元出现的是以can开头的一般疑问句,句型结构为:
Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + can. 否定回答:No, 主语 + can't/cannot. 或No problem/Sure.没问题/当然可以。
例句: —Can you wait for me in the sports ground?你能在运动场里等我吗?
—Yes,no problem. 好的,没问题。
例句: —Can you help me?你能帮我吗?
—Yes,I can./No problem./Sure.好的,我可以。/没问题。/当然可以。
2. 一般can后面的人称代词都是主格形式,其后加动词原形。如I, we, you,they,he ,she.
例句:Can I help you?我能帮你吗?
Can you swim?你会游泳吗?
Can they go to the supermarket?他们能去超市吗?
Can he write?他会写吗?
提分练
一、单项选择。
( )1. Can we ______to the restaurant?
A. goes B. going C. go
( )2.—_________I have some milk? —Yes,you can.
A. Can B. Am C. Do
( )3. —Can we go to the bank now? —__________.
A. No problem B. Yes, you are. C. No, it isn’t.
( )4. —Can he read this book by himself? — Yes,________.
A. he can’t B. she can C. he can
( )5.Can you_______basketball ?
A.played B.play C.to play
二、翻译句子。
1. 妈妈,我饿了,我们能去饭店吗?
I’m hungry,Mum._______we _______to a ____________?
2. 你能帮一下我吗?
_______ _______ help me?
3. 我们能乘坐公交车去妈?
_________ ___________ take a bus?
4.It’s behind the bank.
_________________________________
5. Let’s go to the cake shop.
__________________________________
参考答案
(1) 询问某个地点在哪里的句型
1. A 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C
(2)There be句型的陈述句:
一.1.is 2. are 3. are 4.is 5.is
二.1.There isn’t a bank near the hospital.
2.在公园里有很多人。
3.There are many apples on the desk.
4.There is a cake shop near here.
5.It is over there.
(3)问地点的there be句型的一般疑问句:
一、1.C 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C
二、按要求完成句子。
1.No,there isn’t.
2. Is there a hospital near the cinema.
3.Are there any shops near here?
4.Is there a bank near here?
5.It’s in front of the police station.
(4) 以情态动词can提前的一般疑问句
一、1.C 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.B
二、1. I’m hungry,Mum.Can we go to a restaurant?
2. Can you help me?
3. Can we take a bus?
4.它在银行的后面。
5.让我们去蛋糕店。
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