复合句-名词性从句（2）-知识点训练卷 四川对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》第40卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：四川省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》，依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》（2020年版）及近五年四川省英语真题分析编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点写的46份知识点训练卷。第二部分是各个题型编写的24份专题训练卷。第三部分是按照课程标准及四川省对口高考命题趋势编写的30份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是四川省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》的第40卷，是复合句-名词性从句知识点训练卷。 四川省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》 第40卷 知识点训练卷·复合句-名词性从句（2） 考试时间：40分钟 满分：45分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共25小题；每小题1分，满分 25分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1．The saying “Knowledge starts with practice.” tells us _________. A．what is knowledge B．how we can get knowledge C．why is practice powerful D．when we should start practicing 2．—Do you remember_______? —On April 3rd last year. A．when we will visit the Science Museum B．when will we visit the Science Museum C．when we visited the Science Museum D．when did we visit the Science Museum 3．_______ is known to us all is that Tom is honest. A．What B．As C．That D．It 4．________ he will come to visit us or not is not clear yet. A．Whether B．If C．That D．When 5．The reason ________ he didn’t pass the exam is ________ he didn’t study hard. A．why; because B．that; because C．why; that D．that; that 6．The main reason ________ she didn’t accept the job was ________ she wanted to stay closer to her family. A．why; because B．that; that C．why; that D．that; because 7．I have no clue ________ she got the information. A．where B．when C．how D．why 8．Do you know ________ the population of China is? A．how many B．how much C．what D．how many people 9．______ makes the man different from the others is ______ he is always friendly to his friends and colleagues. A．It; that B．What; that C．What; what D．It; what 10．I doubt ________ he will come here on time. He is always late. A．that B．which C．when D．whether 11．The reason ________ he has been such a success is ________ he never gives up. A．why; because B．that; what C．that; that D．why; that 12．No one can make you ________ you don’t like. A．to do what B．do that C．to do that D．do what 13．________ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto. A．It B．That C．Such D．What 14．It’s when “people and the moon reunite to form a full circle” as an old saying goes. A．只有当老人说“月圆人团圆”时才是满月的时候。 B．正如一句老话说的“月圆人团圆”。 C．“当月亮形成一个正圆，人也会团聚”这是一句老话。 15．—Frank, could you tell me ________? —In two weeks. A．how soon will the work be finished B．how long will the work be finished C．how soon the work will be finished D．how long the work will be finished 16．—Jenny, do you know ________? —She is from Canada. A．where is the woman in red from B．where the woman in red is from C．what the woman in red likes 17．Nobody knew ________. A．what’s wrong with Jack B．what’s Lucy C．that if Tina likes apples D．what was the matter with Tim 18．It was ________ he said ________ disappointed me. A．that; what B．what; that C．what; what D．what; that 19．________ is none of our business. A．If Joe succeeds or fails B．Whether Joe will succeed or fail C．Whether will Joe succeed or fail D．That Joe will succeed or fail 20．I don’t understand ________ such a silly question in class yesterday. A．why did John ask B．why John asked C．why is John asking D．why John asks 21．China is no longer ________. A．what it was used to being B．what it used to be C．what it used to being D．what it was used to be 22．________ the old man’s sons wanted to know was ________ the gold had been hidden. A．What; where B．That; what C．What; that D．Whether; if 23．______ Si Ku Quan Shu states, Xu recorded ______ he saw and heard with his eyes and ears. A．Which; that B．As; that C．Which; what D．As; what 24．It is uncertain ________ side effect the new medicine will bring about, although over four thousand patients have taken it. A．that B．what C．which D．how 25．The reason ______ was ______ I didn’t get up on time. A．for my late; that B．why I was late; because C．for my being late; that D．for my late; because 二、翻译（共10小题；每小题2分，满分 20分） 26．He told people that all marketplaces in ancient Chinese cities were set up along a single road that ran from east to west. (句子英译汉) 27．These drawings on the wall describe how each process goes on to the next. (句子英译汉) 28．“Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you.” He explained that if I looked for the best in people, I would get the best in return. (英译汉) 29．Don’t start the machine unless you know how to stop it. (句子英译汉) 30．Some dogs might bark just because they feel bored, which tells us that more exercise or playtime is probably needed. (英译汉) 31．The findings suggest Beethoven’s liver problems were enough to cause the liver failure widely believed to have killed him. (句子英译汉) 32．Always check that all the safety guards are fitted correctly before you run the machine. (句子英译汉) 33．The authors said that taking more vitamin D could be especially important for people living in northern areas. (句子英译汉) 34．I try to teach my children that looking out for the environment starts with being aware of the environment. (句子英译汉) 35．The fact that the young lion finally becomes the king teaches me a great lesson: Those who cannot defeat you will make you stronger. (句子英译汉) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：四川省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》，依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》（2020年版）及近五年四川省英语真题分析编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点写的46份知识点训练卷。第二部分是各个题型编写的24份专题训练卷。第三部分是按照课程标准及四川省对口高考命题趋势编写的30份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是四川省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》的第40卷，是复合句-名词性从句知识点训练卷。 四川省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》 第40卷 知识点训练卷·复合句-名词性从句（2） 考试时间：40分钟 满分：45分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共25小题；每小题1分，满分 25分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1．The saying “Knowledge starts with practice.” tells us _________. A．what is knowledge B．how we can get knowledge C．why is practice powerful D．when we should start practicing 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：“实践出真知”这句话告诉我们如何获得知识。分析句子结构及选项可知，空处为宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序（连接词+主语+谓语）；根据谚语“Knowledge starts with practice.”可知，此处指“获得知识”的方法，应用how引导从句。故选B。 2．—Do you remember_______? —On April 3rd last year. A．when we will visit the Science Museum B．when will we visit the Science Museum C．when we visited the Science Museum D．when did we visit the Science Museum 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和宾语从句的语序。句意：——你还记得我们参观科学博物馆的时候吗？——去年4月3日。分析句子可知，空格是宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序（连接词+主语+谓语）；根据“On April 3rd last year）”可知，参观博物馆是之前发生的事，因此时态应该使用一般过去时。故选C。 3．_______ is known to us all is that Tom is honest. A．What B．As C．That D．It 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，汤姆很诚实。分析句子结构可知，“…is known to us all”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示事物，应使用what引导该从句。故选A。 4．________ he will come to visit us or not is not clear yet. A．Whether B．If C．That D．When 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他是否会来拜访我们还不清楚。分析句子结构可知，“…he will come to visit us or not”是主语从句，且后面有“or not”，其一般是与“whether”连用，表示“是否”，符合句意。故选A。 5．The reason ________ he didn’t pass the exam is ________ he didn’t study hard. A．why; because B．that; because C．why; that D．that; that 【答案】C 【详解】考查定从关系词和名从连词。句意：他没通过考试的原因是他没有努力学习。分析句子结构及选项可知，第一空引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词“reason”，关系词在从句中作原因状语，用关系副词why；第二空引导表语从句，从句句意成分完整，表确定事实，是解释主语reason的具体内容 ，应用that引导。故选C。 6．The main reason ________ she didn’t accept the job was ________ she wanted to stay closer to her family. A．why; because B．that; that C．why; that D．that; because 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：她不接受这份工作的主要原因是她想离家人更近一些。分析句子可知，第一空处，“…she didn’t accept the job”是定语从句，先行词“the main reason”，在从句中作原因状语，主干部分完整，从句缺少原因状语，关系副词“why”可引导限制性定语从句；第二空处，“…she wanted to stay closer to her family”是表语从句，且从句结构和意思完整，所以要用连接词“that”来引导，符合句意。故选C。 7．I have no clue ________ she got the information. A．where B．when C．how D．why 【答案】C 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道她是怎么得到这个信息的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词“clue”的内容，此时clue意同idea；题目未给额外语境，四个选项“where (在哪里)”、“when (在何时)”、“how (怎样)”、“why (为什么)”从语法和句意角度看均成立，但从日常交流的 “常规好奇点” 看， 人们对 “信息如何获取（方式、途径）”的疑问最普遍，因此 C项how是最贴合通用语境的答案 。故选C。 8．Do you know ________ the population of China is? A．how many B．how much C．what D．how many people 【答案】C 【详解】考查名从连词。句意：你知道中国的人口是多少吗？分析句子结构及选项可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作表语，就“population”提问“人口多少时”通常的表达是“ What’s the population of ...?”，所以此处用what引导。故选C。 9．______ makes the man different from the others is ______ he is always friendly to his friends and colleagues. A．It; that B．What; that C．What; what D．It; what 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：这个人与其他人的不同之处在于他对朋友和同事总是很友好。分析句子结构可知，第一空引导主语从句，连接词在从句中作主语，用连接代词what；第二个空后面为表语从句，句子结构完整，用从属连词that引导。故选B。 10．I doubt ________ he will come here on time. He is always late. A．that B．which C．when D．whether 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句从属连词。句意：我怀疑他是否会准时到这儿。他总是迟到。分析句子可知，“... he will come here on time”是一个宾语从句，句子结构成份完整，根据主句“I doubt”及“He is always late.”可知，是对“他是否会准时到达不确定”，常用“whether”或“if”引导从句，意为“是否”，构成习惯表达方式“I doubt whether/if ...”，意为“我怀疑是否……”。故选D。 11．The reason ________ he has been such a success is ________ he never gives up. A．why; because B．that; what C．that; that D．why; that 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他如此成功的原因是他从不放弃。分析句子结构可知，第一空“The reason...he has been such a success”是定语从句，先行词是“The reason”，表示原因，关系词在从句中作原因状语，所以用“why”引导定语从句；第二空中“is”后是表语从句，从句“he never gives up”结构和意义完整，“that”在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用，所以用“that”引导表语从句。故选D。 12．No one can make you ________ you don’t like. A．to do what B．do that C．to do that D．do what 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词和宾语从句。句意：没有人能强迫你做你不喜欢的事。固定搭配“make sb. do sth.”意为“迫使某人做某事”，make是使役动词，后面不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，排除AC两项；BD选项中的do是要作实义动词，表示“做”，后面是宾语从句，且引导词要作动词“like”的宾语，故用what来引导该从句，因此空处用do what。故选D。 13．________ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto. A．It B．That C．Such D．What 【答案】D 【详解】考查主语从句及代词。句意：令人惊讶的是，多伦多有这么多的中餐馆。A. It它；B. That那；C. Such如此的；D. What什么。分析句子结构可知，“... is surprising”在句中作主语，为主语从句，空处的词在主语从句中作主语，意为“……的东西或事情”。故选D。 14．It’s when “people and the moon reunite to form a full circle” as an old saying goes. A．只有当老人说“月圆人团圆”时才是满月的时候。 B．正如一句老话说的“月圆人团圆”。 C．“当月亮形成一个正圆，人也会团聚”这是一句老话。 【答案】B 【详解】 考查方式状语从句，主语从句。分析句子可知，这是一个状语从句和主语从句。as：正如，是连词，引导方式状语从句；an old saying：一句老话，作状语从句的主语；goes：流传，是状语从句的谓语动词；It：主句主语，指代上文提及的某个时间或情境；is：是，是系动词；when “people and the moon reunite to form a full circle”：人与月重逢，共画团圆时，是表语从句。故本句译为：正如古语所言，此时正是“人与月重逢，共画团圆时”。B项译文最接近。故选B。 15．—Frank, could you tell me ________? —In two weeks. A．how soon will the work be finished B．how long will the work be finished C．how soon the work will be finished D．how long the work will be finished 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：弗兰克，你能告诉我这项工作多久能完成吗？分析句子结构及选项可知，空处为宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序。how soon：多快，多久，回答往往用in+段时间；how long：多长时间，回答往往用for+段时间。本句中答语是“In two weeks. (两周后)”，所以用how soon。故选C。 16．—Jenny, do you know ________? —She is from Canada. A．where is the woman in red from B．where the woman in red is from C．what the woman in red likes 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：—珍妮，你知道那个穿红衣服的女人是来自哪里吗？ —她来自加拿大。分析句子结构及选项可知，空处为宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序（连接词+主语+谓语+其它）；再根据答语“She is from Canada. (她来自加拿大。)”可知，此处问的是这个女人来自哪里，B选项符合语境。故选B。 17．Nobody knew ________. A．what’s wrong with Jack B．what’s Lucy C．that if Tina likes apples D．what was the matter with Tim 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句和一般过去时。句意：没有人知道蒂娜是否喜欢苹果。分析句子可知，空格处为宾语从句，作动词“knew”的宾语，宾语从句应用陈述语序；主句为一般过去时，从句也要用相应的过去时态。故选D。 18．It was ________ he said ________ disappointed me. A．that; what B．what; that C．what; what D．what; that 【答案】B 【详解】考查主语从句及强调句。句意：正是他所说的话让我感到失望。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句型，强调句的基本形式为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分”，被强调部分为“... he said”，故第二空用that；“... he said”为主语从句，从句缺宾语，表示“所……的事”，故用what引导主语从句，故第一空用what。故选B。 19．________ is none of our business. A．If Joe succeeds or fails B．Whether Joe will succeed or fail C．Whether will Joe succeed or fail D．That Joe will succeed or fail 【答案】B 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：乔是成功还是失败与我们无关。分析句子结构可知，此处缺主语从句。if“是否”不能引导放于句首的主语从句；whether引导主语从句，意为“是否”；that引导主语从句时无实际意义；主语从句应用陈述句语序，即从属连词+主语+谓语。根据“... is none of our business”可知，是指乔是成功还是失败与我们无关，此处应用“Whether Joe will succeed or fail”。故选B。 20．I don’t understand ________ such a silly question in class yesterday. A．why did John ask B．why John asked C．why is John asking D．why John asks 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词性从句和时态。句意：我不明白为什么约翰昨天在课堂上问这么愚蠢的问题。分析句子结构及选项可知，空处为宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序（连接词+主语+谓语+其它），根据主句“I don’t understand ”可知，主句时态是一般现在时，从句时态没有限制；再根据从句时间状yesterday可知，是表过去的时间状语，从句时态应用用一般过去时。故选B。 21．China is no longer ________. A．what it was used to being B．what it used to be C．what it used to being D．what it was used to be 【答案】B 【详解】考查表语从句和固定搭配。句意：中国不再是过去的中国了。“be used to doing”表示“习惯于……”；“used to do”，表示“过去常常做……”；used to doing (错误表达)；“be used to do”，表示“被用来去做……”。分析句子可知，空处是表语从句，是强调中国现在与过去进行对比，“中国不再是过去的样子了”，应用“what it used to be”，意为“中国过去的样子”。故选B。 22．________ the old man’s sons wanted to know was ________ the gold had been hidden. A．What; where B．That; what C．What; that D．Whether; if 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：这位老人的儿子们想知道的是金子被藏在哪里。第一空，分析句子结构可知，“the old man’s sons wanted to know”为主语从句，且从句中缺少know的宾语，表示“……的事情”应用what引导；第二空，分析句子结构可知，“the gold had been hidden”为表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应该表达“想知道金子被藏在哪里”，应用where引导。故选A。 23．______ Si Ku Quan Shu states, Xu recorded ______ he saw and heard with his eyes and ears. A．Which; that B．As; that C．Which; what D．As; what 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句和宾语从句以及从属连词。句意：正如《四库全书》所述，徐霞客记录下了他亲眼所见和亲耳所闻的一切。分析句子结构，第一空，“...Si Ku Quan Shu states”是一个定语从句，先行词是后面一整句子“ Xu recorded ... he saw and heard with his eyes and ears.”，表示“正如……一样”，位于句首，要用关系代词as引导；第二空，“... he saw and heard with his eyes and ears”是一个宾语从句，宾语从句中saw and heard 缺少宾语，表“……物/事”，要用连接“what”引导。故选D。 24．It is uncertain ________ side effect the new medicine will bring about, although over four thousand patients have taken it. A．that B．what C．which D．how 【答案】B 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：尽管有四千多名患者服用了这种新药，但目前还不清楚它会带来什么副作用。分析句子结构可知，在“It is uncertain ”中，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语从句“… side effect the new medicine will bring about, although over four thousand patients have taken it. (尽管有四千多名患者服用了这种新药，它会带来……副作用。)”，因为主语从句中缺少一个修饰“side effect”的词，而what可以在从句中作定语修饰“side effect”，“what side effect”表示“什么样的副作用”，符合句意。故选B。 25．The reason ______ was ______ I didn’t get up on time. A．for my late; that B．why I was late; because C．for my being late; that D．for my late; because 【答案】C 【详解】考查表语从句和动名词。句意：我迟到的原因是我没有按时起床。分析句子可知，第二空引导表语从句，且主语为“The reason”，从句不缺成分，语意完整，常用连接词that引导表语从句，排除选项B和D；短语the reason for ...，意为“……的原因”，后接名词、代词或动名词，“late”为形容词，此处应用动名词复合结构“my being late”，作介词宾语。故选C。 二、翻译（共10小题；每小题2分，满分 20分） 26．He told people that all marketplaces in ancient Chinese cities were set up along a single road that ran from east to west. (句子英译汉) 【答案】他告诉人们，中国古代城市的所有市场都是沿着一条从东到西的道路设置的。 【详解】考查宾语从句和定语从句。He：他，人称代词作主语；told：告诉，谓语动词；people：人们，作宾语；that：连接主句和从句，引导宾语从句，无实义；all marketplaces in ancient Chinese cities：中国古代城市的所有市场，作从句主语；were set up：被设置，一般过去时的被动语态，作谓语部分；along a single road：沿着一条道路，地点状语；that：定语从句的关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为“road”，在从句中充当主语；ran：延伸，定语从句中的谓语动词；from east to west：从东到西，定语从句中作地点状语。故本句译为：他告诉人们，中国古代城市的所有市场都是沿着一条从东到西的道路设置的。 27．These drawings on the wall describe how each process goes on to the next. (句子英译汉) 【答案】墙上的这些图示描述了每道工序间的衔接情况。 【详解】考查名词性从句。These drawings：这些图示，名词短语作主语；on the wall：在墙上，介词短语作后置定语；describe：描述，动词作谓语；how：如何，引导宾语从句；each process：每道工序，名词短语作从句主语；goes on to the next运行到下一道工序，作复合谓语。故本句译为：墙上的这些图示描述了每道工序间的衔接情况。 28．“Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you.” He explained that if I looked for the best in people, I would get the best in return. (英译汉) 【答案】“每当你说了别人的坏话，那其实反映了你自己。”他解释说，如果我努力寻找别人最好的一面，我也会得到最好的回报。 【详解】考查状语从句，和宾语从句。第一句（直接引语部分）“Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you. ”：Any time：每当，引导时间状语从句；you say something unpleasant about somebody else：你说了别人的坏话，时间状语从句；it’s a reflection of you：那反映了你自己，直接引语部分的主句。第二句（间接引语部分）“He explained that if I looked for the best in people, I would get the best in return.”：He：他，人称代词作主语；explained：解释了，谓语动词，一般过去时；that if I looked for the best in people, I would get the best in return：如果我努力寻找别人最好的一面，我也会得到最好的回报，是一个宾语从句，其中“if I looked for the best in people”是条件状语从句，“I would get the best in return”是主句。故本句译为：“每当你说了别人的坏话，那其实反映了你自己。”他解释说，如果我努力寻找别人最好的一面，我也会得到最好的回报。 29．Don’t start the machine unless you know how to stop it. (句子英译汉) 【答案】除非你知道如何停止机器，否则不要启动它。 【详解】考查祈使句及条件状语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句是一个以Don’t置于句首的祈使句，且含有由unless引导条件状语从句以及宾语从句，从句中的时态用一般现在时。Don’t：不要；start：启动，作谓语；the machine：机器，作宾语；unless：除非，连词，引导条件状语从句；you：你，作主语；know：知道，作谓语；how to stop：如何停止，是“特殊疑问词+不定式”的结构作宾语。故本句译为：除非你知道如何停止机器，否则不要启动它。 30．Some dogs might bark just because they feel bored, which tells us that more exercise or playtime is probably needed. (英译汉) 【答案】有些狗可能只是因为觉得无聊而吠叫，这告诉我们狗可能需要更多的运动或娱乐时间。 【详解】考查原因状语从句、定语从句和宾语从句。Some dogs：有些狗，作主语；might bark：可能吠叫，情态动词和不及物动词作复合谓语；just：只是，副词作状语；because they feel bored：因为觉得无聊，原因状语从句，其中“they”为主语，“feel bored”为系表结构；which tells us that more exercise or playtime is probably needed：这告诉我们狗可能需要更多的运动或娱乐时间，which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，关系代词作主语，其中“that more exercise or playtime is probably needed”为直宾从句，其中“more exercise or playtime”为从句主语，“is needed”为谓语，运用了被动语态，“probably”为副词作状语。故本句译为：有些狗可能只是因为觉得无聊而吠叫，这告诉我们狗可能需要更多的运动或娱乐时间。 31．The findings suggest Beethoven’s liver problems were enough to cause the liver failure widely believed to have killed him. (句子英译汉) 【答案】研究结果表明，贝多芬的肝脏问题足以导致肝功能衰竭，人们普遍认为这导致了他的死亡。 【详解】考查宾语从句。The findings：研究结果，作主语；suggest：表明，作谓语；Beethoven’s liver problems：贝多芬的肝脏问题，作宾语从句的主语；were：是，系动词；enough to cause the liver failure：足以导致肝功能衰竭，作宾语从句的表语；widely believed to have killed him：人们普遍认为这导致了他的死亡，为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰“the liver failure”。故本句译为：研究结果表明，贝多芬的肝脏问题足以导致肝功能衰竭，人们普遍认为这导致了他的死亡。 32．Always check that all the safety guards are fitted correctly before you run the machine. (句子英译汉) 【答案】在机器运行之前，一定要检查所有安全防护装置是否安装正确。 【详解】考查祈使句、宾语从句和状语从句。always：总是，一定，副词作状语；check：检查，作祈使句的谓语；that all the safety guards are fitted correctly：所有安全防护装置是否安装正确，that引导的宾语从句；before you run the machine：在你运行机器之前，before引导时间状语从句。故本句译为：在机器运行之前，一定要检查所有安全防护装置是否安装正确。 33．The authors said that taking more vitamin D could be especially important for people living in northern areas. (句子英译汉) 【答案】作者说，服用更多的维生素D对于住在北方的人来说尤其重要。 【详解】考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句。“The authors said”是主句，其中The authors，作者，作主句主语；said，说，作主句谓语。“that taking more vitamin D could be especially important for people living in northern areas”是由that引导的宾语从句作said的宾语，其中that是连接词，引导从句无意义； taking more vitamin D，服用更多的维生素D，作从句主语；could be especially important for people living in northern areas，对于住在北方的人来说尤其重要，系表结构作从句谓语。故本句译为：作者说，服用更多的维生素D对于住在北方的人来说尤其重要。 34．I try to teach my children that looking out for the environment starts with being aware of the environment. (句子英译汉) 【答案】我试着教育我的孩子们，保护环境是从了解环境开始的。 【详解】考查宾语从句和非谓语动词。这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句。“I try to teach my children”是主句，其中I：我，人称代词，作主句主语；try：试着，作主句谓语；to teach my children：教育我的孩子们，动词不定式作宾语；“that looking out for the environment starts with being aware of the environment.”是一个宾语从句，其中that：是连接词引导宾语从句；looking out for the environment：保护环境，动名词作从句主语；starts with：从……开始，动词短语作从句谓语；being aware of the environment：了解环境，动名词短语作宾语。故本句译为：我试着教育我的孩子们，保护环境是从了解环境开始的。 35．The fact that the young lion finally becomes the king teaches me a great lesson: Those who cannot defeat you will make you stronger. (句子英译汉) 【答案】年轻的狮子最终成为国王的事实给了我一个很大的教训：那些打不过你的人，会让你更强大。 【详解】考查同位语从句和定语从句。The fact that：……的事实，引导同位语从句；the young lion finally becomes the king：年轻的狮子最终成为国王，是同位语从句，其中the young lion作主语，finally是副词作状语，becomes作谓语，the king作宾语；teaches：教会，作谓语；me：我，作间接宾语；a great lesson：一个很大的教训，作直接宾语；Those：那些（人），作主句的主语；who：……的人，引导定语从句，作从句的主语；cannot defeat：不能击败，作从句的谓语；you：你，作从句的宾语；will make：将使，作主句的谓语；you：你，作主句的宾语；stronger：更强的，作宾语补足语。故本句译为：年轻的狮子最终成为国王的事实给了我一个很大的教训：那些打不过你的人，会让你更强大。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$