精品解析：宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市第一中学2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

石嘴山市第一中学2024-2025学年高一年级期末考试 英语 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2. 5 分， 满分 37. 5 分） 阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Scarecrow (稻草人) Festival in Peddler’s Village Peddler’s Village, a charming destination in Pennsylvania, USA, hosts one of the most beloved festivals in the Northeast — Scarecrow Festival. During each autumn harvest season, the village transforms into an imaginative wonderland filled with handcrafted scarecrows, autumn decorations, and seasonal cheer. What to Expect During Scarecrow Festival Scarecrow Exhibits — The heart of the festival is the scarecrow display. Local residents and organizations design scarecrows. Themes range from classic farm-style scarecrows to pop culture works, superheroes, and even political figures. Competitions & Awards — A scarecrow competition is held and the scarecrows are judged in several categories. Visitors are invited to vote (投票) for their favorite scarecrows through the Peddler’s Village mobile app. Prizes encourage friendly competition and inspire incredible designs. Family-Friendly Activities — Beyond scarecrow viewing, other activities often include pumpkin carving and face painting, hayrides winding through the village, live music, dance performances, and storytelling. Workshops & DIY Stations — Visitors who want to bring their scarecrow ideas to life can try making their own scarecrows, perfect for a fun souvenir, or entering them into the village’s scarecrow competition. Seasonal Shopping & Dining — Peddler’s Village is known for its boutique (精品的) shops, so visitors can enjoy fall-themed shopping. Local food stalls, restaurants and cafés offer autumn specialties like apple cider and pumpkin treats. Why Visit? Free Admission — Unlike some festivals, this one gives visitors free access. Pictures for Days — You’ll find perfect photo spots around every corner. Perfect Fall Atmosphere — If you love cool autumn air, colorful leaves, and seasonal fun, this festival is a must-visit. 1. What can visitors do during Scarecrow Festival in Peddler’s Village? A. Create their own scarecrows to take home. B. Design unique scarecrows for the display. C Enjoy all the apple cider and pumpkin treats for free. D. Determine the judges for the scarecrow competition. 2. What is a tip for experiencing the Scarecrow Festival? A. Visitors pay to join in the scarecrow competition. B. The scarecrow designs are limited to traditional styles. C. Photography is encouraged due to its nice backgrounds. D. Scarecrows from workshops are refused in the competition. 3. What is the text? A. A study about a festival. B. An announcement for an event. C. A report on a celebration. D. An introduction to a tradition. B From a young age, Alex was fascinated by the symphony of sounds around him. The gentle sound of wind, the quiet whisper of rain, and the soft flowing of a stream. This early fascination drove him to choose acoustics (声学) as his major in university, where he studied in-depth into the science of sound. During his outdoor work, Alex was faced with the severe reality of noise pollution from cars and urban construction. Traditional noise-reduction methods, like thick insulation (隔离) and simple barriers, seemed ineffective against this difficult and ever-present problem. Driven by a desire for change, Alex was determined to develop a creative solution. In his lab, Alex did lots of experiments. He carefully examined the loudness and types of different urban noises. With the help of good equipment, he tested many sound patterns. After many attempts, he discovered a way to break up the noisy sounds. Alex then designed a network of smart speakers. These devices were equipped with highly sensitive microphones that could detect the slightest noise variations. The speakers were programmed to produce counter-sound waves. When these counter-sound waves met the original noise waves, they co-related in a way that canceled out the noise. The carrying out of Alex’s system faced several challenges, such as tech issues and setting-up problems, but Alex and his team persevered. Their efforts paid off when they set up the system on a particularly busy downtown street. The transformation was remarkable — the once-deafening noise was reduced by 70%. Encouraged by this success, the system was soon rolled out across other noisy areas of the city. Alex named his creation “Acoustic Harmony”, a proof of his vision of a more peaceful urban environment. 4. What inspired Alex to study acoustics? A. His fascination in symphony. B. His love for the sounds of nature. C. His passion for the science of sound. D. His worry about the noise pollution. 5. What problem did traditional noise-reduction methods have? A. They were too expensive to use. B. They were difficult to set up outdoors. C. They caused new environmental problems. D. They couldn’t solve the problem effectively. 6. What does the underlined word “counter-sound” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Sounds that fight against noise. B. Sounds that copy noise. C Sounds that make noise louder. D. Sounds that record noise. 7. What is the author’s attitude towards Alex’s “Acoustic Harmony” invention? A. Doubtful. B. Uninterested. C. Admiring. D. Critical. C Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes. The research team believes their method succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning approach. The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team’s knowledge of earthquake physics, and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earth-quake recordings. Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of upcoming earth-quakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. “You don’t see earthquakes coming,” explains Alexandros, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological (地震学的) Network Program (Tex Net). “It’s a matter of life and death, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help reduce economic and human losses and has the potential to significantly improve earthquake preparation worldwide.” While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm (算法)could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau Tex Net has 300 earthquake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes. Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics-based models. This way could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward,” concludes Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director. 8. How does the AI forecast earthquakes? A. By identifying data from the satellites. B. By modeling data based on earthquake recordings C. By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. D. By monitoring changes in the magnetic (磁) field. 9. What does Alexandros intend to show in paragraph 3? A. The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes. B. The meaning of developing the AI prediction. C. The importance of preparing for earthquakes. D. The limitation of AI in earthquake prediction. 10. What does the follow-up research focus on? A. Conducting tests in different places. B. Building more earthquake stations in Texas. C. Applying the AI approach to other fields. D. Enlarging the database to train the accuracy. 11. Which words can best describe the earthquake-predicting technology? A. Stable but outdated. B. Potential and economical. C. Effective but costly. D. Pioneering and promising. D The current US traffic signal (信号) system has been in place for more than 100 years. But experts are now studying ways to connect technology-equipped vehicles (交通工具) with signal systems in order to improve safety and traffic flows. Most US traffic signals currently include three lights to direct drivers at crossroads: red, yellow and green. But it might make sense to add a fourth colour, possibly white. This colour could inform motorists when there is a large collection of self-driving vehicles in a particular area. When many self-driving vehicles are present, the additional light would signal other drivers to follow the lead of those vehicles. The North Carolina State team thought that such changes are likely years away. One reason for this is because this kind of system would require between 40 to 50 percent of all vehicles on the road to be self-driving. Waymo is a self-driving vehicle company owned by Google’s parent, Alphabet. Waymo had already started ride-sharing services that use full self-driving vehicles in Los Angeles, California and Austin, Texas. Those services do not use a fourth traffic light. However, officials and companies should think very carefully before deciding on, and moving forward with, major infrastructure (基础设施) changes. Researchers at the University of Michigan are also testing different methods. They have carried out a test programme in an area outside the city of Detroit. Their research collects data on the speed and location of General Motors (GM) vehicles in the area. The data has been used to change the timing of city traffic lights in an effort to improve traffic flows. The area near Detroit where the testing is taking place has 34 traffic signals. It was chosen because lights in the area are set to change at the same times each day. This is the case for more than half of traffic signals nationwide. These signals are not connected to cameras or sensors to watch traffic flows in real time. Danielle Deneau is the director of traffic safety in Michigan. She said results of the University of Michigan research changed the timing of green lights only by a few seconds. However, Deneau added, even that was enough to improve traffic flows. 12. What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A. The white signal mainly directs dangerous traffic. B. Self-driving vehicles are not yet popular in the US. C. The white signal will change the basic traffic rules. D. The signal system in the US now has four colours. 13. What’s the author’s attitude towards major infrastructure changes? A. Supportive. B. Concerned. C. Unclear. D. Careful. 14. What is the method being tried by the University of Michigan? A. To add more signal colours. B. To change the green signal time. C. To get more traffic information. D. To connect more cameras or sensors. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The Past and Future of Traffic Signal in the US B. Reasons for Changes in Self-driving Vehicles C. Researchers: Smarter Vehicles Could Greatly Change Traffic Signals D. American Traffic Signal: One of the Most Effective Management Strategies 第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2. 5 分， 满分 12. 5 分） 阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 First aid refers to the initial medical attention given immediately after an injury or an accident. ____16____ They think it's a job exclusive to medical professionals. In fact, it's a life skill we all should try to learn. According to The Guardian, over 150,000 people get critically injured or die yearly because of people's lack of first aid knowledge. That's a tall number considering we live in the modern age. Thus, more people must know what to do in case of accidents or medical emergencies. ____17____ We can reduce these life-threatening situations by learning the prompt care needed in such situations. Whether we like it or not, accidents and emergencies happen at any time. ____18____ In the USA alone, over six million people are involved in traffic accidents each year. In fact, it's the leading cause of death for people between the ages of 1 and 54. That said, no one can predict when or where disaster may strike. These accidents can happen at home, at work, or while in transit. That's why basic first aid skills like CPR, disinfecting (消毒) wounds, and learning to stop bleeding can go a long way. ____19____ It's a vital step that prevents injuries from worsening until full medical help arrives. For instance, when a person experiences cardiac arrest, they only have 3 to 4 minutes before the brain lacks oxygen. What you do in these minutes will impact the patient's condition. Calling for an ambulance is, of course, your priority. ____20____ A. Developed countries witness a greater death rate. B But it might encounter traffic jams during rush hours. C. However if you can employ CPR, it can relieve the damage. D. It's a part of our reality that we must always prepare ourselves for. E. The bad news is that not many people know the importance of first aid. F. Heart attacks and choking endanger thousands of lives on a yearly basis. G. The first few minutes are the most critical in the case of a medical emergency. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A pair of best friends from Texas are proving adventure doesn’t have an age limit — even when you’re 81. Elie Hamby and Sandy Hazelip, encouraged by Jules Verne’s novel Around the World in 80 Days, are on a (n) ____21____ to see seven continents (⼤陆) in just over two and a half months. Their first stop was a place that eludes (使达不到) even many ____22____ travellers: Antarctica. Getting to the southernmost continent first required ____23____ the Drake Passage, the extremely rough waters. “For almost two days, we were a slipping and sliding (跌落并下滑), which was a ____24____,” Hamby said. “But when we stepped on the Antarctic, we ____25____ all of that. The beauty of the Antarctic is just unbelievable and ____26____.” Over the past three months, the pair have ____27____ camels in Egypt, met elephants in Bali, and danced in Nepal. But for Hamby, the best ____28____ of the trip was the people they met along the way. And they shared an important piece of ____29____ for travellers who worried about the language barrier on their own adventures. Hamby said, “There’s one language: ____30____. We found that ____31____ because we were often aware there was not English spoken. But a smile ____32____ all languages.” They also encouraged other older travellers not to let age ____33____ them. She said, “Get up out of your easy chair, step out of your comfort zone, ____34____ new things. Remember that age is only a ____35____. 21. A. trip B. article C. honour D. example 22. A. new B. experienced C. rich D. elderly 23. A. leaving B. researching C. crossing D. searching 24 A. shock B. memory C. try D. challenge 25. A. reviewed B. forgot C. changed D. found 26. A. amazing B. funny C. powerful D. priceless 27. A. sold B. raised C. bought D. ridden 28. A. day B. problem C. part D. education 29. A. advice B. warning C. news D. plan 30. A. body B. smile C. English D. silence 31. A. worked B. appeared C. failed D. worsened 32. A. creates B. decides C. covers D. ends 33. A. help B. stop C. push D. hurt 34. A. take up B. take over C. take place D. take away 35. A. record B. number C. dream D. reason 第二节（共 10 小题;每小题 15 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An 18-year-old boy named Wang Ximeng spent half a year creating ____36____ splendid landscape painting. He probably couldn’t believe that the painting would ever be regarded as a masterpiece, especially after over 900 years. Today, lots of visitors line up for hours every day just ____37____ (get) a look at this great painting. The painting, named A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, has been ____38____ (extreme) popular in China. Measuring 51. 5cm by 1, 191. 5cm , this silk scroll painting (卷轴画) is Wang’s only known work, as he lived a short life. Nobody really knows the exact year when he died. Wang Ximeng went to study painting at the Royal Palace when he was still a teenager. Since he displayed great talent, Emperor Huizong of the Northern Song Dynasty decided to teach him the skills of painting in person. Many experts believe ____39____ the emperor asked him to draw might be this work. They say he ____40____ (ask) to draw boundless rivers and mountains instead of everyday life. Perhaps the emperor also had his national ideas in it because rivers and mountains represented political power in ____41____ (tradition) Chinese values. The rivers and mountains in the painting are in bright blue and green colors, made by using minerals, ____42____ make the landscape much more vivid and rich in color. The waves on the river are another part that shows the great patience and skill of the painter. When looking at it from a distance, you feel as if a breeze (微风) just swept through the river in the painting. But if you think there is nothing special about the continuous mountains, think again. In the continuous, almost same-height mountains, one tall mountain suddenly ____43____ (appear), and it is much higher than all the others around it. Some art experts think that it represents the young man’s ambition, ____44____ (stand) there as if he were the center of the world. Historians believe that beyond the young man’s ambition and his various landscape painting ____45____ (technique), the painting also contains great value for historical studies into the SongDynasty. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节（满分 15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将为留学生举办中文戏剧比赛，你想邀请你的留学生朋友 David参加。请你写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.比赛的时间和地点； 2.参赛的注意事项； 3.你的期待。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear David, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a quiet summer night in Lafayette, Indiana, USA, 25-year-old Nicholas Bostic was delivering pizzas under a starless sky. His mind was on the clock — customers hated late orders. But as he turned onto a tree-lined street, orange flames appeared in the distance. Thick smoke rose from a two-story house. Without hesitation, Bostic stopped his car sharp. “Someone must be in there, caught in the fire,” he thought to himself, dashing toward the flame. The back door hung open, smoke pouring out like a fog. Covering his face with his arm, he rushed inside. He could feel the heat as he searched through the fire. “Hello? Anyone here?” he shouted, coughing. A faint voice led him to a living room. Four children gathered together, a teenager holding a toddler (学步的孩童), two others shaking beside them. “We’re stuck!” cried the oldest, her voice cracking. “Take my sister first, please!” Bostic held the 1-year-old into one arm and guided the others outside, yelling, “Stay close!” Flames roared behind them as they burst into the cool night air. Once outside, the teen grabbed his hand. “Our sister — Kelsey — she’s six! Upstairs!” Bostic froze. The house was all in fire. Without a word, he dashed back inside. Upstairs, smoke filled the hallway. He dropped to his knees, crawling past the burning walls. “Kelsey! Where are you?” he screamed, pushing open bedroom doors. Empty. His heart pounded. “Did I miss her?” Just as he turned to leave, a faint cry rose below. “Help! Somebody!” The staircase was now a tunnel of black smoke. Bostic took off his shirt, wrapped it around his face, and jumped down the steps. On the first floor, he found Kelsey under a table. “I’m scared!” she cried. He helped her up. “Hold on tight. We’re getting out!” But the front door was blocked by the fire. Holding Kelsey, he struggled back up. The second-floor window was their only hope. He kicked the glass — once, twice — until it broke. “Close your eyes!” he ordered, protecting Kelsey’s face as they jumped. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 They crashed onto a bush below. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Placed on the ambulance, Bostic was sent to the nearest hospital. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 石嘴山市第一中学2024-2025学年高一年级期末考试 英语 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2. 5 分， 满分 37. 5 分） 阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Scarecrow (稻草人) Festival in Peddler’s Village Peddler’s Village, a charming destination in Pennsylvania, USA, hosts one of the most beloved festivals in the Northeast — Scarecrow Festival. During each autumn harvest season, the village transforms into an imaginative wonderland filled with handcrafted scarecrows, autumn decorations, and seasonal cheer. What to Expect During Scarecrow Festival Scarecrow Exhibits — The heart of the festival is the scarecrow display. Local residents and organizations design scarecrows. Themes range from classic farm-style scarecrows to pop culture works, superheroes, and even political figures. Competitions & Awards — A scarecrow competition is held and the scarecrows are judged in several categories. Visitors are invited to vote (投票) for their favorite scarecrows through the Peddler’s Village mobile app. Prizes encourage friendly competition and inspire incredible designs. Family-Friendly Activities — Beyond scarecrow viewing, other activities often include pumpkin carving and face painting, hayrides winding through the village, live music, dance performances, and storytelling. Workshops & DIY Stations — Visitors who want to bring their scarecrow ideas to life can try making their own scarecrows, perfect for a fun souvenir, or entering them into the village’s scarecrow competition. Seasonal Shopping & Dining — Peddler’s Village is known for its boutique (精品的) shops, so visitors can enjoy fall-themed shopping. Local food stalls, restaurants and cafés offer autumn specialties like apple cider and pumpkin treats. Why Visit? Free Admission — Unlike some festivals, this one gives visitors free access. Pictures for Days — You’ll find perfect photo spots around every corner. Perfect Fall Atmosphere — If you love cool autumn air, colorful leaves, and seasonal fun, this festival is a must-visit. 1. What can visitors do during Scarecrow Festival in Peddler’s Village? A. Create their own scarecrows to take home. B. Design unique scarecrows for the display. C. Enjoy all the apple cider and pumpkin treats for free. D. Determine the judges for the scarecrow competition. 2. What is a tip for experiencing the Scarecrow Festival? A. Visitors pay to join in the scarecrow competition. B. The scarecrow designs are limited to traditional styles. C. Photography is encouraged due to its nice backgrounds. D. Scarecrows from workshops are refused in the competition. 3. What is the text? A. A study about a festival. B. An announcement for an event. C. A report on a celebration. D. An introduction to a tradition. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国宾夕法尼亚州Peddler’s Village的稻草人节。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Workshops & DIY Stations部分“Visitors who want to bring their scarecrow ideas to life can try making their own scarecrows, perfect for a fun souvenir, or entering them into the village’s scarecrow competition.(想要将自己关于稻草人创意付诸实践的游客，可以尝试制作属于自己的稻草人（这是非常棒的趣味纪念品），或者带着自己制作的稻草人参加村庄举办的稻草人比赛。)”可知，游客可以尝试制作自己的稻草人，把它当成有趣的纪念品带回家。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pictures for Days部分“You’ll find perfect photo spots around every corner.(你会发现几乎每个角落都有绝佳的拍照地点)”可知，在体验Peddler’s Village的稻草人节的时候，游客被鼓励多拍照。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Peddler’s Village, a charming destination in Pennsylvania, USA, hosts one of the most beloved festivals in the Northeast — Scarecrow Festival. During each autumn harvest season, the village transforms into an imaginative wonderland filled with handcrafted scarecrows, autumn decorations, and seasonal cheer.(美国宾夕法尼亚州的“小贩村”是一个迷人的旅游胜地，这里举办着东北地区最受欢迎的节日之一——稻草人节。在每年的秋收时节，这个村庄会变成一个充满想象力的奇妙世界，到处都是手工制作的稻草人、秋日装饰品和节日的欢乐氛围)”以及文章介绍了美国宾夕法尼亚州Peddler’s Village的稻草人节。由此可知，该文章是对一种传统节日的介绍。故选D。 B From a young age, Alex was fascinated by the symphony of sounds around him. The gentle sound of wind, the quiet whisper of rain, and the soft flowing of a stream. This early fascination drove him to choose acoustics (声学) as his major in university, where he studied in-depth into the science of sound. During his outdoor work, Alex was faced with the severe reality of noise pollution from cars and urban construction. Traditional noise-reduction methods, like thick insulation (隔离) and simple barriers, seemed ineffective against this difficult and ever-present problem. Driven by a desire for change, Alex was determined to develop a creative solution. In his lab, Alex did lots of experiments. He carefully examined the loudness and types of different urban noises. With the help of good equipment, he tested many sound patterns. After many attempts, he discovered a way to break up the noisy sounds. Alex then designed a network of smart speakers. These devices were equipped with highly sensitive microphones that could detect the slightest noise variations. The speakers were programmed to produce counter-sound waves. When these counter-sound waves met the original noise waves, they co-related in a way that canceled out the noise. The carrying out of Alex’s system faced several challenges, such as tech issues and setting-up problems, but Alex and his team persevered. Their efforts paid off when they set up the system on a particularly busy downtown street. The transformation was remarkable — the once-deafening noise was reduced by 70%. Encouraged by this success, the system was soon rolled out across other noisy areas of the city. Alex named his creation “Acoustic Harmony”, a proof of his vision of a more peaceful urban environment. 4. What inspired Alex to study acoustics? A. His fascination in symphony. B. His love for the sounds of nature. C. His passion for the science of sound. D. His worry about the noise pollution. 5. What problem did traditional noise-reduction methods have? A. They were too expensive to use. B. They were difficult to set up outdoors. C. They caused new environmental problems. D. They couldn’t solve the problem effectively. 6. What does the underlined word “counter-sound” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Sounds that fight against noise. B. Sounds that copy noise. C Sounds that make noise louder. D. Sounds that record noise. 7. What is the author’s attitude towards Alex’s “Acoustic Harmony” invention? A. Doubtful. B. Uninterested. C. Admiring. D. Critical. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了亚历克斯受自然声音启发，发明“声学和谐”系统对抗噪音污染的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“From a young age, Alex was fascinated by the symphony of sounds around him. The gentle sound of wind, the quiet whisper of rain, and the soft flowing of a stream. This early fascination drove him to choose acoustics (声学) as his major in university, where he studied in-depth into the science of sound.(从很小的时候起，亚历克斯就被周围声音的交响乐所吸引。轻柔的风声，细细的雨声，潺潺的溪水。这种早期的迷恋驱使他在大学里选择了声学作为他的专业，在那里他深入研究了声音的科学。)”可知，是亚历克斯对自然声音的热爱促使他学习声学。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Traditional noise-reduction methods, like thick insulation (隔离) and simple barriers, seemed ineffective against this difficult and ever-present problem.(传统的降噪方法，如厚隔音层和简单的屏障，似乎对这个棘手且普遍存在的问题无效)”可知，传统降噪方法的问题在于它们不能有效地解决问题。故选D。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The speakers were programmed to produce counter-sound waves. When these counter-sound waves met the original noise waves, they co-related in a way that canceled out the noise.(扬声器被编程以产生counter-sound波。当这些counter-sound波与原始噪声波相遇时，它们以一种抵消噪声的方式相互关联)”可知，counter-sound波与原始噪声波相遇时能抵消噪声，说明counter-sound波是与噪声对抗的声音。故画线词意思是“Sounds that fight against noise.(与噪声对抗的声音)”。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The transformation was remarkable — the once-deafening noise was reduced by 70%. Encouraged by this success, the system was soon rolled out across other noisy areas of the city. Alex named his creation ‘Acoustic Harmony’, a proof of his vision of a more peaceful urban environment.(这一转变非常显著——曾经震耳欲聋的噪音降低了70%。受这一成功的鼓舞，该系统很快在该市其他嘈杂地区推广开来。亚历克斯将他的发明命名为“声学和谐”，这是他对更和平的城市环境愿景的证明)”可推知，作者对亚历克斯的“声学和谐”发明持赞赏态度。故选C。 C Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes. The research team believes their method succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning approach. The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team’s knowledge of earthquake physics, and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earth-quake recordings. Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of upcoming earth-quakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. “You don’t see earthquakes coming,” explains Alexandros, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological (地震学的) Network Program (Tex Net). “It’s a matter of life and death, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help reduce economic and human losses and has the potential to significantly improve earthquake preparation worldwide.” While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm (算法)could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau Tex Net has 300 earthquake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes. Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics-based models. This way could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward,” concludes Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director. 8. How does the AI forecast earthquakes? A. By identifying data from the satellites. B. By modeling data based on earthquake recordings C. By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. D. By monitoring changes in the magnetic (磁) field. 9. What does Alexandros intend to show in paragraph 3? A. The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes. B. The meaning of developing the AI prediction. C. The importance of preparing for earthquakes. D. The limitation of AI in earthquake prediction. 10. What does the follow-up research focus on? A. Conducting tests in different places. B. Building more earthquake stations in Texas. C. Applying the AI approach to other fields. D. Enlarging the database to train the accuracy. 11. Which words can best describe the earthquake-predicting technology? A. Stable but outdated. B. Potential and economical. C. Effective but costly. D. Pioneering and promising. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了德克萨斯大学的研究人员开发出一种人工智能算法，能够提前一周预测地震，并准确计算地震强度，这一成果在地震预测领域具有里程碑意义，同时探讨了该技术的未来发展前景。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of upcoming earthquakes within the background rumblings in the Earth. (一旦训练完成，人工智能就会通过聆听地球背景隆隆声中即将发生的地震的迹象来提供预测。)”可知，人工智能通过分析地球背景声音来预测地震。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中Alexandros所说的话“It’s a matter of life and death, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help reduce economic and human losses and has the potential to significantly improve earthquake preparation worldwide.(这是一个生死攸关的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你的准备程度。即使准确率达到70%，这也是一个巨大的结果，可以帮助减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备工作。)”可知，Alexandros旨在说明开发人工智能预测地震的意义。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau Tex Net has 300 earthquake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes. (虽然尚不清楚同样的方法在其他地方是否有效，但研究人员相信，如果他们的AI算法在拥有可靠地震跟踪网络的地区使用，可以产生更准确的预测。下一步是在德克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为得克萨斯大学的Tex Net局拥有300个地震监测站和超过六年的连续记录，这使其成为进行这些测试的理想地点。)”可知，后续研究将专注于在不同地点进行测试。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. (人工智能在地震预测方面显示出潜力，挑战了长期以来认为这是不可能的观点。)”以及最后一段中Scott Tinker所说的“That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward (这可能还有很长的路要走，但许多这样的进步加在一起，才是推动科学前进的动力。)”可知，地震预测技术具有开创性和前景。故选D项。 D The current US traffic signal (信号) system has been in place for more than 100 years. But experts are now studying ways to connect technology-equipped vehicles (交通工具) with signal systems in order to improve safety and traffic flows. Most US traffic signals currently include three lights to direct drivers at crossroads: red yellow and green. But it might make sense to add a fourth colour, possibly white. This colour could inform motorists when there is a large collection of self-driving vehicles in a particular area. When many self-driving vehicles are present, the additional light would signal other drivers to follow the lead of those vehicles. The North Carolina State team thought that such changes are likely years away. One reason for this is because this kind of system would require between 40 to 50 percent of all vehicles on the road to be self-driving. Waymo is a self-driving vehicle company owned by Google’s parent, Alphabet. Waymo had already started ride-sharing services that use full self-driving vehicles in Los Angeles, California and Austin, Texas. Those services do not use a fourth traffic light. However, officials and companies should think very carefully before deciding on, and moving forward with, major infrastructure (基础设施) changes. Researchers at the University of Michigan are also testing different methods. They have carried out a test programme in an area outside the city of Detroit. Their research collects data on the speed and location of General Motors (GM) vehicles in the area. The data has been used to change the timing of city traffic lights in an effort to improve traffic flows. The area near Detroit where the testing is taking place has 34 traffic signals. It was chosen because lights in the area are set to change at the same times each day. This is the case for more than half of traffic signals nationwide. These signals are not connected to cameras or sensors to watch traffic flows in real time. Danielle Deneau is the director of traffic safety in Michigan. She said results of the University of Michigan research changed the timing of green lights only by a few seconds. However, Deneau added, even that was enough to improve traffic flows. 12. What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A. The white signal mainly directs dangerous traffic. B. Self-driving vehicles are not yet popular in the US. C. The white signal will change the basic traffic rules. D. The signal system in the US now has four colours. 13. What’s the author’s attitude towards major infrastructure changes? A. Supportive. B. Concerned. C. Unclear. D. Careful. 14. What is the method being tried by the University of Michigan? A. To add more signal colours. B. To change the green signal time. C. To get more traffic information. D To connect more cameras or sensors. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The Past and Future of Traffic Signal in the US B. Reasons for Changes in Self-driving Vehicles C. Researchers: Smarter Vehicles Could Greatly Change Traffic Signals D. American Traffic Signal: One of the Most Effective Management Strategies 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了尽管美国交通信号系统已经存在了100多年，但是专家们现在正在研究如何将配备科技的车辆与信号系统连接起来，以提高安全性和交通流量。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“When many self-driving vehicles are present, the additional light would signal other drivers to follow the lead of those vehicles. The North Carolina State team thought that such changes are likely years away. One reason for this is because this kind of system would require between 40 to 50 percent of all vehicles on the road to be self-driving.(当有很多自动驾驶汽车出现时，额外的信号灯会向其他司机发出信号，让他们跟着这些汽车走。北卡罗来纳州立大学的研究小组认为，这种变化可能还需要几年的时间。其中一个原因是，这种系统需要道路上所有车辆的40%到50%是自动驾驶的)”可知，额外的信号灯这种变化还需要几年，因为需要道路上有40%到50%的车辆是自动驾驶。由此推知，目前自动驾驶汽车在美国还没有普及。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“However, officials and companies should think very carefully before deciding on, and moving forward with, major infrastructure (基础设施) changes.(然而，在决定和推进重大基础设施改革之前，官员和企业应该仔细考虑)”可知，作者对于重大基础设施改革持有仔细的、谨慎的态度。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The data has been used to change the timing of city traffic lights in an effort to improve traffic flows.(这些数据已被用于改变城市交通灯的时间，以改善交通流量)”和“She said results of the University of Michigan research changed the timing of green lights only by a few seconds.(她说，密歇根大学的研究结果只改变了绿灯的时间几秒钟)”可知，改变绿信号灯的时间是密歇根大学正在尝试的方法。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“But experts are now studying ways to connect technology-equipped vehicles (交通工具) with signal systems in order to improve safety and traffic flows.(但是专家们现在正在研究如何将配备科技的车辆与信号系统连接起来，以改善安全性和交通流量)”和全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了研究者们正在研究将配备科技的智能车辆与交通信号系统连接起来，从而改变交通信号，提升其安全性和交通流量。故C项“研究人员：更智能的车辆可以极大地改变交通信号”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C 第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2. 5 分， 满分 12. 5 分） 阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 First aid refers to the initial medical attention given immediately after an injury or an accident. ____16____ They think it's a job exclusive to medical professionals. In fact, it's a life skill we all should try to learn. According to The Guardian, over 150,000 people get critically injured or die yearly because of people's lack of first aid knowledge. That's a tall number considering we live in the modern age. Thus, more people must know what to do in case of accidents or medical emergencies. ____17____ We can reduce these life-threatening situations by learning the prompt care needed in such situations. Whether we like it or not, accidents and emergencies happen at any time. ____18____ In the USA alone, over six million people are involved in traffic accidents each year. In fact, it's the leading cause of death for people between the ages of 1 and 54. That said, no one can predict when or where disaster may strike. These accidents can happen at home, at work, or while in transit. That's why basic first aid skills like CPR, disinfecting (消毒) wounds, and learning to stop bleeding can go a long way. ____19____ It's a vital step that prevents injuries from worsening until full medical help arrives. For instance, when a person experiences cardiac arrest, they only have 3 to 4 minutes before the brain lacks oxygen. What you do in these minutes will impact the patient's condition. Calling for an ambulance is, of course, your priority. ____20____ A. Developed countries witness a greater death rate. B. But it might encounter traffic jams during rush hours. C. However, if you can employ CPR, it can relieve the damage. D. It's a part of our reality that we must always prepare ourselves for. E. The bad news is that not many people know the importance of first aid. F. Heart attacks and choking endanger thousands of lives on a yearly basis. G. The first few minutes are the most critical in the case of a medical emergency. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了急救很重要的原因。 【16题详解】 根据空后“They think it's a job exclusive to medical professionals. In fact, it's a life skill we all should try to learn. (他们认为这是医疗专业人员独有的工作。事实上，这是我们都应该学习的一项生活技能)”，可知前面应该说很多人对急救的错误认知。E项“The bad news is that not many people know the importance of first aid. (坏消息是没有多少人知道急救的重要性)”符合语境，引出下文人们对急救的错误看法。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据空前“Thus, more people must know what to do in case of accidents or medical emergencies. (因此，更多的人必须知道在发生事故或医疗紧急情况时该怎么做)”以及空后“We can reduce these life-threatening situations by learning the prompt care needed in such situations.” (我们可以通过学习在这种情况下所需的及时护理来减少这些危及生命的情况)，可知此处应该举例说明一些需要急救的紧急情况, F项“Heart attacks and choking endanger thousands of lives on a yearly basis.” (心脏病发作和窒息每年危及数千人的生命)符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据空前“Whether we like it or not, accidents and emergencies happen at any time.”(不管我们喜不喜欢，事故和紧急情况随时都会发生)，以及空后又举例说明了交通事故的情况，可知D项“It's a part of our reality that we must always prepare ourselves for.” (这是我们现实的一部分，我们必须时刻做好准备)符合语境，承接上文事故随时会发生，说明我们要做好准备。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据空后“It's a vital step that prevents injuries from worsening until full medical help arrives. (这是一个至关重要的步骤，可以防止伤势恶化，直到全面的医疗帮助到来)”，可知这里强调急救最初时间的重要性。G项“The first few minutes are the most critical in the case of a medical emergency. (在医疗急救情况下，最初几分钟最为关键。)”符合语境。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据空前“Calling for an ambulance is, of course, your priority.” (当然，叫救护车是你的首要任务) ；C项“However, if you can employ CPR, it can relieve the damage.” (但是如果你能使用心肺复苏术，它可以减轻伤害)与前文形成转折，进一步说明除了叫救护车，会心肺复苏术也很重要。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A pair of best friends from Texas are proving adventure doesn’t have an age limit — even when you’re 81. Elie Hamby and Sandy Hazelip, encouraged by Jules Verne’s novel Around the World in 80 Days, are on a (n) ____21____ to see seven continents (⼤陆) in just over two and a half months. Their first stop was a place that eludes (使达不到) even many ____22____ travellers: Antarctica. Getting to the southernmost continent first required ____23____ the Drake Passage, the extremely rough waters. “For almost two days, we were a slipping and sliding (跌落并下滑), which was a ____24____,” Hamby said. “But when we stepped on the Antarctic, we ____25____ all of that. The beauty of the Antarctic is just unbelievable and ____26____.” Over the past three months, the pair have ____27____ camels in Egypt, met elephants in Bali, and danced in Nepal. But for Hamby, the best ____28____ of the trip was the people they met along the way. And they shared an important piece of ____29____ for travellers who worried about the language barrier on their own adventures. Hamby said, “There’s one language: ____30____. We found that ____31____ because we were often aware there was not English spoken. But a smile ____32____ all languages.” They also encouraged other older travellers not to let age ____33____ them. She said, “Get up out of your easy chair, step out of your comfort zone, ____34____ new things. Remember that age is only a ____35____. 21. A. trip B. article C. honour D. example 22. A. new B. experienced C. rich D. elderly 23. A. leaving B. researching C. crossing D. searching 24. A. shock B. memory C. try D. challenge 25. A. reviewed B. forgot C. changed D. found 26. A. amazing B. funny C. powerful D. priceless 27. A. sold B. raised C. bought D. ridden 28. A. day B. problem C. part D. education 29. A. advice B. warning C. news D. plan 30. A. body B. smile C. English D. silence 31. A. worked B. appeared C. failed D. worsened 32. A. creates B. decides C. covers D. ends 33. A. help B. stop C. push D. hurt 34. A. take up B. take over C. take place D. take away 35. A. record B. number C. dream D. reason 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述81岁的德州好友受小说启发，挑战两个半月环游七大洲，分享旅行感悟的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：受儒勒·凡尔纳小说《八十天环游地球》的启发，伊莉·哈姆比和桑迪·黑兹利普踏上了一场在两个半月多一点的时间内看七大洲的旅行。A. trip旅行；B. article文章；C. honour荣誉；D. example例子。根据下文的“to see seven continents (大陆) in just over two and a half months.”可知，他们要在两个半月多一点的时间内看七大洲，由此可知，两人开启了一场“旅行”。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的第一站是一个甚至让许多经验丰富的旅行者都难以抵达的地方：南极洲。A. new新的；B. experienced经验丰富的；C. rich富有的；D. elderly年长的。根据下文“Antarctica”和“the extremely rough waters”可知，南极洲是一个连很多有经验的旅行者都不敢去的地方。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：要到达最南端的大陆，首先需要穿越德雷克海峡——这片极其汹涌的水域。A. leaving离开；B. researching研究；C. crossing穿越；D. searching搜索。根据上文的“Getting to the southernmost continent”以及下文的“the Drake Passage, the extremely rough waters”可知，他们要达到最南端的大陆，首先要穿过Drake Passage。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“将近两天的时间里，我们一直在滑倒，这是一个挑战，”哈姆比说。A. shock震惊；B. memory记忆；C. try尝试；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“For almost two days, we were a slipping and sliding”可知，他们不断滑倒，因此这对他们来说是一个“挑战”符合语境。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我们踏上南极洲时，我们忘记了这一切。A. reviewed回顾；B. forgot忘记；C. changed改变；D. found发现。根据下文的“The beauty of the Antarctic is just unbelievable”可知，南极的美景让他们“忘记”了旅途艰辛。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：南极洲的美丽简直令人难以置信，令人惊叹。A. amazing令人惊叹的；B. funny有趣的；C. powerful强大的；D. priceless无价的。根据上文的“The beauty of the Antarctic is just unbelievable”可知，此处应与“令人难以置信”并列的褒义词，“令人惊叹的”符合语境。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的三个月里，这对搭档在埃及骑过骆驼，在巴厘岛见过大象，在尼泊尔跳过舞。A. sold出售；B. raised饲养；C. bought购买；D. ridden骑。根据下文的“camels in Egypt”可知，此处指“骑”骆驼。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对哈姆比来说，这次旅行最好的部分是他们一路上遇到的人。A. day日子；B. problem问题；C. part部分；D. education教育。根据下文的“the people they met along the way”可知，遇到的人是旅行中最好的“部分”。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还为那些担心自己冒险时语言障碍的旅行者分享了一条重要建议。A. advice建议；B. warning警告；C. news新闻；D. plan计划。根据下文的“for travellers who worried about the language barrier on their own adventures.”可知，对那些担心自己冒险时语言障碍的旅行者，他们应该是分享了重要的“建议”符合语境。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈姆比说：“有一种通用语言叫微笑。我们发现这很有效，因为我们经常意识到这里不说英语。但一个微笑就能跨越所有语言障碍。”A. body身体；B. smile微笑；C. English英语；D. silence沉默。根据下文“But a smile”和“all languages”可知，她们认为“微笑”是共通的语言。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈姆比说：“有一种通用语言叫微笑。我们发现这很有效，因为我们经常意识到这里不说英语。但一个微笑就能跨越所有语言障碍。”A. worked起作用；B. appeared出现；C. failed失败；D. worsened恶化。根据下文的“because we were often aware there was not English spoken”可知，没有人说英语，所以，微笑在语言不通时“起作用”符合语境。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈姆比说：“有一种通用语言叫微笑。我们发现这很有效，因为我们经常意识到这里不说英语。但一个微笑就能跨越所有语言障碍。”A. creates创造；B. decides决定；C. covers涵盖、代替；D. ends结束。根据上文“there was not English spoken”和下文“all languages”可知，没有人说英语，微笑能“代替”所有的语言。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们还鼓励其他年长的旅行者不要让年龄阻止他们。A. help帮助；B. stop阻止；C. push推动；D. hurt伤害。根据上文的“A pair of best friends from Texas are proving adventure doesn’t have an age limit — even when you’re 81.”和下文的“Get up out of your easy chair, step out of your comfort zone”可知，德克萨斯州一对最好的朋友证明了冒险没有年龄限制——即使你81岁了，她们鼓励人们不要让年龄“阻止”冒险。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：从安乐椅上站起来，走出你的舒适区，学习新事物。A. take up开始从事（学习）；B. take over接管；C. take place发生；D. take away拿走。根据上文的“Get up out of your easy chair, step out of your comfort zone”可知，此处建议人们走出舒适区，结合下文的“new things”可知，此处指“学习”新事物，符合语境。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：记住，年龄只是一个数字。A. record记录；B. number数字；C. dream梦想；D. reason原因。根据上文“A pair of best friends from Texas are proving adventure doesn’t have an age limit — even when you’re 81.”可知，德克萨斯州一对最好的朋友证明了冒险没有年龄限制——即使你81岁了，此处表示年龄只是一个“数字”符合语境。故选B项。 第二节（共 10 小题;每小题 15 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An 18-year-old boy named Wang Ximeng spent half a year creating ____36____ splendid landscape painting. He probably couldn’t believe that the painting would ever be regarded as a masterpiece, especially after over 900 years. Today, lots of visitors line up for hours every day just ____37____ (get) a look at this great painting. The painting, named A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, has been ____38____ (extreme) popular in China. Measuring 51. 5cm by 1, 191. 5cm , this silk scroll painting (卷轴画) is Wang’s only known work, as he lived a short life. Nobody really knows the exact year when he died. Wang Ximeng went to study painting at the Royal Palace when he was still a teenager. Since he displayed great talent, Emperor Huizong of the Northern Song Dynasty decided to teach him the skills of painting in person. Many experts believe ____39____ the emperor asked him to draw might be this work. They say he ____40____ (ask) to draw boundless rivers and mountains instead of everyday life. Perhaps the emperor also had his national ideas in it because rivers and mountains represented political power in ____41____ (tradition) Chinese values. The rivers and mountains in the painting are in bright blue and green colors, made by using minerals, ____42____ make the landscape much more vivid and rich in color. The waves on the river are another part that shows the great patience and skill of the painter. When looking at it from a distance, you feel as if a breeze (微风) just swept through the river in the painting. But if you think there is nothing special about the continuous mountains, think again. In the continuous, almost same-height mountains, one tall mountain suddenly ____43____ (appear), and it is much higher than all the others around it. Some art experts think that it represents the young man’s ambition, ____44____ (stand) there as if he were the center of the world. Historians believe that beyond the young man’s ambition and his various landscape painting ____45____ (technique), the painting also contains great value for historical studies into the SongDynasty. 【答案】36. a 37. to get 38. extremely 39. what 40. was asked 41. traditional 42. which 43. appears 44. standing 45. techniques 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了18岁少年王希孟创作的《千里江山图》这幅画作的相关情况，包括其受欢迎程度、创作背景、画作特点以及艺术和历史价值等。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：一个名叫王希孟的18岁男孩花了半年时间创作了一幅壮丽的山水画。landscape painting为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，此处表示“一幅壮丽的山水画”，为泛指，且splendid是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，每天都有许多游客排队数小时，只为看一眼这幅伟大的画作。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示目的，所以应用动词不定式形式to get。故填to get。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：这幅名为《千里江山图》的画作在中国极其受欢迎。此处修饰形容词popular，应用popular的副词形式extremely意为“极其”符合语境，作状语。故填extremely。 【39题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：许多专家认为，皇帝让他画的可能就是这幅作品。此处为连接词引导的主语从句作believe后省略that的宾语从句中的主语，主语从句中动词draw缺少宾语，表示“……的东西”，所以用连接代词what。故填what。 【40题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：他们说，他被要求绘制无边的河流和山脉，而不是日常生活。此空为谓语动词，根据语境以及上文从句中的谓语动词asked可知，此处应为一般过去时，介绍过去发生的事情，且主语he与ask之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语he是第三人称单数，所以用was asked。故填was asked。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：也许皇帝也在其中融入了他的国家理念，因为在传统的中国价值观中，河流和山脉代表着政治权力。此处修饰名词短语Chinese values，应用形容词形式作定语，tradition的形容词为traditional意为“传统的”符合句意。故填traditional。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：画中的河流和山脉用矿物制成明亮的蓝绿色，这使风景更加生动，色彩更加丰富。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为minerals，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在连绵不断、几乎等高的山脉中，一座高山突然出现，比周围的所有山都高得多。此处为谓语动词，结合语境，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语one tall mountain是第三人称单数，所以用appears。故填appears。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一些艺术专家认为，它代表着这个年轻人的雄心壮志，矗立在那里，仿佛他是世界的中心。此处为非谓语动词作状语，stand与逻辑主语it（指代that tall mountain）之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词standing作状语。故填standing。 【45题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：历史学家认为，除了这个年轻人的雄心壮志和他各种各样的山水画技巧之外，这幅画对宋代的历史研究也有很大的价值。technique意为“技巧”，为可数名词，根据空前的various可知，此处应用复数形式techniques，作宾语。故填techniques。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节（满分 15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将为留学生举办中文戏剧比赛，你想邀请你的留学生朋友 David参加。请你写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.比赛的时间和地点； 2.参赛的注意事项； 3.你的期待。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear David, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear David, I’m excited to share that our school will hold a Chinese Drama Competition for international students next month. The event will take place in the school auditorium on June 20th at 3 p.m. It’s a great chance to experience Chinese culture through drama. If you’d like to join, please let me know soon. Participants need to prepare a short play in Chinese, and costumes and props should be ready by June 10th. Teamwork is important, so it’s better to form a group of 3–5 people. I really hope you can take part. It’ll be fun and meaningful! Yours Sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以李华的身份邀请留学生朋友David参加中文戏剧比赛，需清晰说明比赛时间地点、参赛注意事项及个人期待。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 激动的：excited → thrilled 机会：chance → opportunity 准备好的：ready → prepared 参加：take part → participate 2 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：The event will take place in the school auditorium on June 20th at 3 p.m. It’s a great chance to experience Chinese culture through drama. 拓展句：The event will take place in the school auditorium on June 20th at 3 p.m., which is a great chance to experience Chinese culture through drama. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I’m excited to share that our school will hold a Chinese Drama Competition for international students next month.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型 2】If you’d like to join, please let me know soon.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 第二节（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a quiet summer night in Lafayette, Indiana, USA, 25-year-old Nicholas Bostic was delivering pizzas under a starless sky. His mind was on the clock — customers hated late orders. But as he turned onto a tree-lined street, orange flames appeared in the distance. Thick smoke rose from a two-story house. Without hesitation, Bostic stopped his car sharp. “Someone must be in there, caught in the fire,” he thought to himself, dashing toward the flame. The back door hung open, smoke pouring out like a fog. Covering his face with his arm, he rushed inside. He could feel the heat as he searched through the fire. “Hello? Anyone here?” he shouted, coughing. A faint voice led him to a living room. Four children gathered together, a teenager holding a toddler (学步的孩童), two others shaking beside them. “We’re stuck!” cried the oldest, her voice cracking. “Take my sister first, please!” Bostic held the 1-year-old into one arm and guided the others outside, yelling, “Stay close!” Flames roared behind them as they burst into the cool night air. Once outside, the teen grabbed his hand. “Our sister — Kelsey — she’s six! Upstairs!” Bostic froze. The house was all in fire. Without a word, he dashed back inside. Upstairs, smoke filled the hallway. He dropped to his knees, crawling past the burning walls. “Kelsey! Where are you?” he screamed, pushing open bedroom doors. Empty. His heart pounded. “Did I miss her?” Just as he turned to leave, a faint cry rose below. “Help! Somebody!” The staircase was now a tunnel of black smoke. Bostic took off his shirt, wrapped it around his face, and jumped down the steps. On the first floor, he found Kelsey under a table. “I’m scared!” she cried. He helped her up. “Hold on tight. We’re getting out!” But the front door was blocked by the fire. Holding Kelsey, he struggled back up. The second-floor window was their only hope. He kicked the glass — once, twice — until it broke. “Close your eyes!” he ordered, protecting Kelsey’s face as they jumped. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 They crashed onto a bush below. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Placed on the ambulance, Bostic was sent to the nearest hospital. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】They crashed onto a bush below. Pain exploded in Bostic’s arm but he bent his body around Kelsey, absorbing the impact. “You’re safe,” he whispered, making their way to the ambulance that had arrived. Doctors surrounded them. A woman gently took Kelsey. “The baby — is she okay?” Bostic asked, collapsing onto the grass. A doctor knelt beside him, checking his injuries. “You did good, man. The kids are all here because of you.” Bostic’s face shone at the words. Placed on the ambulance, Bostic was sent to the nearest hospital. With the doctors’ treatment and care, he recovered quickly and was released from hospital a few days later. On the day he left the hospital, the parents of the children came, expressing their heartfelt gratitude to him for saving their children. When the reporters praised him as a hero, he shrugged it off. “Anyone would have done it,” he told reporters. For the family, though, he was an angel dressed as a pizza deliveryman. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述25岁的尼古拉斯・博斯蒂克在美国印第安纳州拉斐特送披萨时，遇两层民宅起火。他两次冲进火海，救出五个孩子，最后踹破二楼窗户，带6岁女孩跳楼逃生，展现非凡勇气与担当。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他们重重地摔在下面的灌木丛上。”可以预测续写这段主要内容： 博斯蒂克带凯尔西跳窗后摔在灌木丛，他护着孩子免受伤，医生来救援，得知孩子安全后露出光彩。 ②由第二段首句内容“博斯蒂克被抬上救护车，送往最近的医院。”可以预测续写这段主要内容：博斯蒂克经治疗康复出院，孩子父母致谢，面对记者赞誉他谦称任何人都会这么做。 2.续写线索：博斯蒂克跳窗逃出——护孩子免受伤——孩子安全——孩子父母致谢——谦虚面对赞誉 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①小声说：whisper/murmur ②表达：express/convey ③拯救：save/rescue 情绪类 ①温柔地：gently/softly ②感谢：gratitude/thankfulness 【点睛】[高分句型1]. “You’ re safe,” he whispered, making their way to the ambulance that had arrived. （运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的定语从句） [高分句型2]. When the reporters praised him as a hero, he shrugged it off. （运用了when引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型3]. For the family, though, he was an angel dressed as a pizza deliveryman.（运用了过去分词作定语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$