Unit 1 The king's new clothes 基础知识总结及练习（讲义）-2025-2026学年译林版（三起）（2012）英语六年级上册

译林版（三起）英语六年级上册 Unit 1 The king's new clothes 基础知识总结及练习 一、词汇。 Ⅰ. 重点单词 单词 词性 中文 例句 king n. 国王 The king likes new clothes. clever adj. 聪明的 The boy is very clever. foolish adj. 愚蠢的 The king is foolish. magic adj. 有魔力的 The man has a magic box. wear(wore) v. 穿 The king wore his new clothes. laugh v. 笑 People laughed at the king. shout v. 喊叫 The boy shouted, "He has no clothes!" through prep. 穿过 The king walked through the city. point at v. 指着 The boy pointed at the king. Ⅱ. 重点短语 1. try on 试穿 The king wanted to try on the new clothes. 国王想试穿新衣服。 2. look at 看 The people looked at the king. 人们看着国王。 3. laugh at 嘲笑 Don’t laugh at others. 不要嘲笑别人。 4. walk through 穿过 The king walked through the street. 国王穿过街道。 5. tell a story 讲故事 Let me tell you a story. 让我给你讲一个故事。 二、重点句型。 Ⅰ. 描述过去发生的事情（一般过去时） The king liked new clothes.（国王喜欢新衣服。） Two men visited the king.（两个男人拜访了国王。） The king wore the new clothes.（国王穿上了新衣服。） Ⅱ. 表达“某人穿什么” The king is wearing new clothes.（国王正穿着新衣服。） He wore his new clothes yesterday.（他昨天穿了他的新衣服。） Ⅲ. 表达“某人做了什么” The boy shouted, "The king has no clothes!"（男孩喊道：“国王没穿衣服！”） People laughed at the king.（人们嘲笑国王。） 三、语法讲解（一般过去时）。 一般过去时用于描述 过去发生的动作或状态，通常与 yesterday（昨天）、last week（上周）、two days ago（两天前） 等时间状语连用。 Ⅰ. 规则动词的过去式变化规则 规则动词的过去式通常在动词原形后加 -ed，但根据动词结尾的不同，变化方式有所不同： 1. 直接加 -ed（大多数动词适用） like → liked（喜欢） He liked the story.（他喜欢这个故事。） walk → walked（走路） She walked to school yesterday.（她昨天走路去学校。） visit → visited（参观） They visited the museum last Sunday.（他们上周日参观了博物馆。） 2. 以不发音的 -e 结尾，直接加 -d live → lived（居住） He lived in Beijing two years ago.（他两年前住在北京。） smile → smiled（微笑） The girl smiled at me.（那个女孩对我微笑。） 3. 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 -ed study → studied（学习） She studied English last night.（她昨晚学习了英语。） carry → carried（搬运） He carried the heavy box.（他搬了那个重箱子。） 4. 以“重读闭音节”结尾，双写辅音字母再加 -ed stop → stopped（停止） The bus stopped suddenly.（公交车突然停下了。） plan → planned（计划） We planned a trip last month.（我们上个月计划了一次旅行。） Ⅱ. 不规则动词的过去式 不规则动词的过去式 不遵循 -ed 规则，需要单独记忆。以下是本单元及常见的不规则动词： 动词原形 过去式 中文 wear wore 穿 tell told 告诉 see saw 看见 go went 去 have had 有 do did 做 Ⅲ. 一般过去时的句子结构 1. 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 The king liked new clothes.（国王喜欢新衣服。） Two men visited the king.（两个男人拜访了国王。） The boy pointed at the king.（男孩指着国王。） 2. 否定句：主语 + did not (didn’t) + 动词原形 + 其他 The king didn’t wear old clothes.（国王没有穿旧衣服。） People didn’t laugh at first.（人们一开始没有笑。） She didn’t go to school yesterday.（她昨天没去上学。） 3. 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ Did the king like the clothes?（国王喜欢这些衣服吗？） Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t. Did the boy shout at the king?（男孩对国王喊叫了吗？） Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t. Did you see the magic clothes?（你看见那件有魔力的衣服了吗？） Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ What did the king wear?（国王穿了什么？） He wore new clothes. Who laughed at the king?（谁嘲笑了国王？） The people did. Where did the king walk?（国王在哪里走？） He walked through the city. 5. 总结 1. 规则动词 过去式加 -ed，注意拼写规则（如双写、变 y 为 i 等）。 2. 不规则动词 过去式需单独记忆（如 wear→wore, go→went）。 3. 否定句和疑问句 要用 did/didn’t + 动词原形。 四、基础练习。 Ⅰ. 单项选择。 ( ) 1. My brother ______ a funny story last night. A. tells B. told C. telled ( ) 2. The little girl ______ when she saw the dog. A. run B. runned C. ran ( ) 3. We ______ TV after dinner yesterday. A. watch B. watched C. watches ( ) 4. —______ you play basketball last weekend? —Yes, I did. A. Do B. Did C. Were ( ) 5. The students ______ a science museum last month. A. visit B. visits C. visited Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Tom ______ (draw) a beautiful picture yesterday. 2. The children ______ (play) football in the park last Sunday. 3. My mother ______ (make) a delicious cake for my birthday. 4. They ______ (not go) to the zoo because it rained. 5. ______ (be) you at home last night? Ⅲ. 句型转换。 1. She finished her homework. (改为否定句) She ______ ______ her homework. 2. The cat climbed the tree. (改为一般疑问句) ______ the cat ______ the tree? 3. Did they watch a movie? (作否定回答) ______, they ______. 4. He visited his grandparents last week. (对划线部分提问) ______ did he ______ last week? 5. We had an English test yesterday. (改为一般现在时) We ______ an English test every week. Ⅳ. 问答句匹配。 ( ) 1. Where did you go last summer? ( ) 2. What time did the movie start? ( ) 3. Who helped you with your homework? ( ) 4. How did you go to school yesterday? ( ) 5. Why was Lucy late for class? A. My father did. B. Because she missed the bus. C. I went to Shanghai. D. It started at 7:30 p.m. E. I walked to school. Ⅴ. 连词成句。 1. morning / this / didn't / breakfast / eat / I / . ________________________________________ 2. library / to / went / she / the / afternoon / yesterday / . ________________________________________ 3. weekend / did / what / do / last / you / ? ________________________________________ 4. park / played / in / they / the / football / . ________________________________________ 5. phone / called / my / I / friend / night / last / . ________________________________________ 【参考答案】 Ⅰ. 1-5 BCBBC Ⅱ. 1. drew 2. played 3. made 4. didn't go 5. Were Ⅲ. 句型转换 1. didn’t finish 2. Did, climb 3. No, didn't 4. What, do 5. have Ⅳ. 1-5 CDAEB Ⅴ. 连词成句 1. I didn't eat breakfast this morning. 2. She went to the library yesterday afternoon. 3. What did you do last weekend? 4. They played football in the park. 5. I called my friend last night. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$