Unit 5 词汇 、短语、知识点及写作 2024-2025学年人教版（2012）八年级英语下册

人教版八年级英语下册默写卷-Unit 5.What were you doing when the rainstorm came? Unit 5.What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 一、词性转换 1.begin 开始(v.) →  ____began_____ (过去式) →  ___beginning____ (n.)开始 2.heavy 重的(adj.) → ____heavily_____ (adv.)在很大程度上；大量地→ hard (同义词) 3.sudden 突然的(adj.) → ___suddenly____ (adv.)突然 4.strange 陌生的(adj.) → ____stranger____ (n.)陌生人 5.wind 风(n.) → ___windy_____ (adj.)多风的 6.report 报告(v.) → ___reporter_____ (n.)记者 7.match 火柴(n.) → ___matches_____ (复数) 8.beat 敲打(v.) → ____beat____ (过去式) 9.sleep 睡觉(v.) → ___slept_____ (过去式) → ____asleep___（adj.）睡着的→ ____sleepy____ (adj.)困倦的 10.fall 下降；落下(v.) → ____fell_____ (过去式) → ____fallen____ (adj.)倒下的；落下的 11.ice 冰(n.) → _____icy_____ (adj.)冰冷的 12.complete 完整的(adj.) → __completely___ (adv.)彻底地；完全地 13.silent 沉默的(adj.) → ___silently___ (adv.)沉默地 → ___silence____ (n.)沉默 14.recent 最近的(adj.) → ___recently___ (adv.)最近 15.true 正确的(adj.) → ____truly_____ (adv.)确实→ ____truth_____ (n.)实情；事实 16. rise (v. & n.) 升起；增加 (不及物，不跟n.)→ rose (V-过去) 17. shock (v.) 使震惊 → shocked (adj.) 受震惊的 18. kid (n.) 小孩 (v.) 开玩笑 → kidded (V-过去) → kidding (V-ing) 19. beat (v.) 敲打；打败 → beat (V-过去) 20. win (v.) 赢得 → won (V-过去) → winning (V-ing) 21. kill (v.) 杀死 → killed (V-过去) 22. take (v.) 带走 → took (V-过去) 23. feel (v.) 感觉到 → felt (V-过去) → felt (V-过分) → feeling (n.) 感觉 24. come (v.) 来 → came (V-过去) 25. wake (v.) 唤醒 → woke (V-过去) 26. run (v.) 跑 → ran (V-过去) 27. bring (v.) 带来 → brought (V-过去) 28. hear (v.)听说 → heard(V-过去) 29. lucky (adj.) 幸运的 → luckily (adv.)幸运地 30. light (adj.) 轻的；浅的 → heavy (反义词)重的 → dark (反义词)浓的 二、词组（phrase） NO. CHINESE ENGLISH NO. CHINESE ENGLISH 1 过去正在做某事 was/were doing sth 46 立刻，马上 right away = at once 2 暴风雨来临 the rainstorm came 47 看一看 have a look 3 当...时候 at the time of = when 48 因为大雪 because of the heavy snow 4 在街上 on the street 49 开玩笑 You’re kidding. 5 在公交车站 at the bus stop 50 浅色 light color 6 等公交车 wait for the bus 51 在这个地区 in the area 7 去上班 go to work 52 打败某人 beat sb. 8 走回家 walk home 53 严重变形 in bad shape 9 看见某人正在做某事 see sb doing sth 54 把车开到洗车店 take the car to the car wash 10 看见某人做了某事 see sb do sth 55 迟到 be late for 11 忙于做某事 be busy doing sth 56 在路边 by the side of the road 12 寻找 look for 57 离开家 leave the house 13 （闹钟）发出响声 go off 58 路过 walk by =pass by 14 唤醒某人 wake sb up 59 费力地前往某地 make one's way to ... 15 洗热水澡 take a hot shower 60 在文章中 in the passage 16 开始做某事 begin to do sth 61 重大事件 important event 17 =start to do sth 62 在历史上 in the history 18 跑向... run to 63 在这天 on this day 19 20 2 下大雨 rain heavily/hard 64 被杀害 be killed 20 一场大雨 a heavy rain 65 在厨房 in the kitchen 21 错过公交车 miss the bus 66 通过收音机 on the radio 22 电视台记者 TV reporter 67 完全被震惊 be completely shocked 23 捡起；接电话 pick up 68 剩余... the rest of ... 24 在那时 at that time 69 沉默中 in silence 25 把...团结在一起 bring ...together 70 世贸中心 the World Trade Center 26 狂风 strong wind 71 摧毁 take down 27 感觉像 feel like 72 对某人有意义 have meaning to sb 28 在附近 in the neighborhood 73 记得做过某事 remember doing sth 29 木块 pieces of wood 74 记得去做某事 remember to do sth 30 确保 make sure 75 看出窗外 lookout of the window 31 重重的敲打... beat heavily against 76 听到这个消息 hear the news 32 抗击... fight against 77 说实话 tell the truth 33 打牌 play a card game 78 不是每一个人 not everyone = some people 34 做某事很难 It’s hard to do sth. 79 做某事有困难 have trouble doing sth 35 起初 at first 80 离开 go away 36 入睡 fall asleep 81 也 as well 37 逐渐消失，灭亡 die down 82 重要日子 the big day 38 把...分离 break...apart 83 走上前 go up 39 去外面 go outside 84 没有任何错误 without any mistake 40 一团糟 in a mess 85 公布获胜者 call out the winner 41 倒塌的树 fallen trees 86 心跳的很快 my heart beat so quickly 42 拍照 take photos 87 停止呼吸 stop breathing 43 打开收音机 turn on the radio 88 一生中最开心的一天 the happiest day of my life 44 听收音机 listen to the radio 89 做饭 make dinner 45 车祸 a car accident 90 50多岁 over 50 三、重难点、易考点解析 考点1、heavy&heavily heavy adj. 重的/大量的 a heavy rain heavily adv 重地/大量地 It’s raining heavily. 形容风大的时候常用strong/hard, 形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard。 heavy改y为i +ly 变为adv ,类似的adj还有：hungry, happy, angry, lucky. 【即学即用】 1.—Look! It's raining ________. —That's right. The rain is too ________ for us to go shopping. A. heavily; heavy B. heavily; heavily C. heavy; heavy D. heavy; heavily 2.Although it is raining ________, the policemen are still on duty in the street.   A.clearly B.really C.heavily D.quickly 3.Although it snows ___________ (heavy) outside, he still has to go out for food. 考点2、beat&win 【用法详解】beat的多种用法： 单词 含义 用法 例句 beat 击打 主语是人，宾语可以是人或物 Somebody is beating at the door. 有人在敲门。 拍打 主语多为风、雨、海浪等名词。 beat on against“拍打在某地方” The rain beats heavily against the windows. 雨水重重地敲打窗户。 打败 beat后常接人或由人组成的队伍（beat sb.） He always beats me in tennis. 他打网球总是赢我。 win表示赢得比赛、奖牌、奖杯等，通常match, competition, game, prize等搭配（win sth.） If we win the match, we will be the champion.如果我们赢了比赛，我们就是冠军。 考点3、pick up 接电话 pick up 接电话 Tom, I called you, but you didn’t pick up 捡起；拾起 I pick up a wallet on my way home （开车）接某人 I will pick you up at the station 学到；获得 He was picking up the skills quickly. 考点4、light作不可数名词，意为“光；光线；光亮”。 【拓展延伸】light的其他用法 单词 用法 例句 图解助记 light adj.轻的；浅色的 This is a heavy box, and that is a light one. 这是一个重箱子，那是一个轻的。 n.灯 Please turn on the lights. 请打开灯。 v.点燃 It’s too dark. The little girl lights a candle. 太黑了，小女孩点燃了一支蜡烛。 考点5、【易混辨析】 rise与raise的区别 rise 为不及物动词，后面要带上介词后才能加宾语。指依次上升，如自然界的日、月、星、雾、云的上升，人体从睡、跪、坐、躺等姿势站立起来等。 ☞ Prices rise every day in those countries. 在那些国家物价天天上涨。 raise 是及物动词，表示＂举起＂，后面要直接跟宾语。此外，raise有＂饲养、供养＂的意思。 ☞ If you have any questions, raise your hands. 如果你有问题，请举手。 ☞ Their family raised a big dog. 他们家养了一条大狗。 ( ) The river ___ two inches this morning. A. rose B. raised C. are getting up D. grow 四、语法突破 过去进行时 一）、语法概述 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，其基本结构为“was/were+动词-ing形式”。 二）、过去进行时的基本句式 句式 构成 例句 肯定句 主语+ was/were + doing +其他 The girl was shopping when I saw her. 否定句 主语+ wasn’t/weren’t + doing +其他 The girl wasn’t shopping when I saw her. 一般疑问句 __Was/were___ +主语+ ___doing____ +其他？ —Was the girl shopping when I saw her? —Yes, she was. No, she wasn’t. 肯定回答 Yes, 主语+ __was__/__were__. 否定回答 No, 主语+ __wasn’t__/__weren’t__. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+ was/were +主语+动词-ing形式+其他？ What was the girl doing when I saw her? 三）、过去进行时的基本用法 用法 时间标志 表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作 常用时间状语：this morning, the whole morning/night, all day yesterday, all night, from 10:00 to 12:00 yesterday, in those days等 表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作 常用时间状语：at that time, at this time yesterday, at 3 o’clock yesterday afternoon等 表示过去某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行 与when引导的时间状语从句连用（主句用 过去进行 时，从句用一般过去 时） 与while引导的时间状语从句连用（主句用 一般过去 时，从句用过去进行 时） 表示过去某两个延续性动作同时进行 多与while引导的时间状语从句连用 Eg.I was watching TV the whole night. 整个晚上我都在看电视。 Miss Li was shopping at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候李小姐正在购物。 The students were reading when the teacher came in. 老师进来时学生们正在读书。 While he was reading, the telephone rang. 他正在看书时电话铃响了。 I was cleaning my bedroom while my mother was cooking. 我打扫卧室的时候妈妈在做饭。 四）、过去进行时的特殊用法 用法 示例 与go, come, leave, start等瞬间动词连用时，过去进行时表示过去即将发生的动作 She was leaving for Shanghai then. 那时候她就要动身去上海了。 He said the early bus was coming. 他说早班车就要来了。 与always, often等频度副词连用时，表示对过去某件事的埋怨、讨厌、赞扬或喜爱，并不强调动作正在进行 The baby was always crying. 那个婴儿总是哭。（表示抱怨） Why were you always getting up late last week? 你上周怎么老是起床很晚？（表示埋怨） when和while的区别： when和while的区别 （1）when意为＂在……时；当……的时候＂，常指在某个时间点，可表示时间点或时间段，由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。从句中的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。 I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。 （2）while意为＂当……的时候＂，只表示时间段，常指某个时间段，由while引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时。从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词，且多用于进行时态。强调主句与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中。 While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 吉姆正在修他的自行车时，林涛来看他了。 语法小测 一、单项选择 1.I _______ on the computer when Frank called me last night.   A.work B.will work C.was working D.am working 2.—I called you yesterday afternoon, but you didn't pick up. —Sorry. I _______ an online class at that time.  A.take B.took C.is taking D.was taking 3.While the lights _______ to red, a car suddenly appeared around the corner.  A.change B.have changed C.were changing D.will change 4.The Greens _______TV together from 5:00 to 7:00 yesterday evening. A.is watching B.are watching C.was watching D.were watching 5.The woman with her daughter _______ in that mall when she saw the boy fall down. A.shopped B.was shopping C.were shopping D.is shopping 6. _______ Linda’s mother was reading newspaper, her father was doing dishes. A.When B.While C.Before D.Until 7.(湖北裹阳中考)—Lucy, what were you doing at nine last night? —I _______ the piano. I usually practice the piano at that time. A.play B. played C. was playing D. am playing 8._______ we came back to school, Dale was playing the violin. A. When B. While C. Until D. After 9.—Were you eating dinner at the time of the rainstorm? —_______. I was reading a book about plants. A. Yes, I did B. No, I wasn’t C. Yes, I was D. No, I didn’t 10.My father was reading a newspaper while my mother _______ dinner. A. is cooking B. cooks C. was cooking D. will cook 11.–What was your brother doing at this time yesterday? - He was reading a magazine _______ I was writing an e-mail at home. A. as soon as B. after C. until D. while 12.Listen, our teachers _______ Red Songs in the next room. A. sings B. are singing C. is singing D. sang 13.—_______ I was doing my homework, what were you doing?　 —I was _______ a hot shower.  A.While; taking　 B.Before; taking　 C.When; take　 D.When; took 14.—What was your dad doing at nine yesterday? —He was reading a book _______ I was playing the piano.  A.until　 B.while　 C.because　 D.if 15.(黑龙江齐齐哈尔中考) -What were you doing at this time yesterday? -I _______ a movie named Lost in Russia directed by Xu Zheng. A. was seeing B. saw C. am seeing 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.My father ___________ (read) a book at nine o'clock yesterday evening. 2.While I ___________ (shop) in the supermarket, my sister called me. 3.The old man was walking across the street slowly when I ___________ (see) him. 4.The girl ___________ (have) lunch with her friend at 11:45 a.m. yesterday. 5.Our teacher ___________ (give) us a lesson when Mario came into the classroom. 6.Look! Barry and Jim ___________ (wait) for the bus there. 7.I ran to the bus stop quickly but I still ___________ (miss) the bus. 8.What were you doing when the rainstorm ___________ (come)? 9.We didn't hear your phone because we ___________ (sing) then. 10.The rain was ___________ (beat) heavily against the window. 五、交际用语 1.A:What were you doing when the rainstorm came?暴风雨来的时候你在做什么？ B: I was waiting for the bus.我在等公交车。 2.A:What were you doing when the car came?暴风雨来的时候你在做什么？ B:I was busy looking for the umbrella.我忙着找雨伞。 3.A:What were you doing at eight last night?昨天晚上的8:00你在做什么？ B:I was taking a shower.我在洗澡。 4.A:What was she doing at the time of the rainstorm?暴风雨来的时候她在做什么？ B:She was doing her homework.她在做作业。 5.A:What was he doing when the rainstorm came?暴风雨来的时候他在做什么？ B:He was reading in the library.他在图书馆读书。 6、 单元话题写作（难忘的事） 参考句子 开头句 1、Life is full of unexpected. I still remember what happened last summer. 2、As time goes by, lots of things have disappeared from my mind, but there is one thing that is unforgettable. 3、In my life, I have experienced many things, but one thing is the most unforgettable for me. 4、Although there are many unforgettable things in my life. I will never forget the day when I... 5、An unforgettable thing I remember well happened on a rainy day. 6、As we all know, everyone has some special experiences, and so do I. Let me tell you one of them. 7、Everyone has his own unforgettable things. For me, there was one thing that I still remember well until now. 8、How time flies. During my life, there was one thing I will never forget.  9、There is one thing I will never forget in my memory. Let me tell you. 结尾句 1、This event is unforgettable for me because it makes me understand that it's important to... 2、Through that experience, I learn that we should continue to work hard no matter what happens. 3、Life is full of ups and downs（起伏）. We should face the difficulties bravely. 4、I will never forget this experience because it makes me learn that... 5、No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all of the problems will be solved in the end. Just try it and never give up. 6、From that I knew I should never give up in the face of difficulty. 7、Through this experience, I learned that how to deal with problems in life properly and never give up. 加分谚语 ▶️ The more we do, the more we can do.      做的越多，能力越大。 ▶️ It's hard to beat someone who never gives up.      坚持就是胜利。 ▶️ There is no rainbow without the rain.      不经历风雨，怎能见彩虹。 ▶️ Believe in yourself and you will be unstoppable.       自信者勇往直前。 ▶️ Action is the key to all successes.           行动是成功的关键。 ▶️ Keep on going and never give up/ Never say never.      永不言弃。 ▶️ Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 ▶️ Failure is the mother of success.      失败乃成功之母。 ▶️ God helps those who help themselves.      天道酬勤。 ▶️ Where there is a will, there is a way.     有志者，事竟成。 ▶️ No pains, no gains. 没有付出，没有回报。 ▶️ Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.     世上无难事，只怕无难事。 【范文1】 An Unforgettable Experience Everyone has his own unforgettable things. For me, there was one thing that I still remember well until now. It was a hot summer day and I wanted to learn how to swim. At first, I thought it wouldn't be difficult. However, as my father asked me to try to swim in the pool I began to feel afraid(开始害怕). When I jumped into the water, I could hardly breathe（几乎不能呼吸）,so I quickly raised my head out of the water（把我的头伸出水外）. I didn't want to learn swimming any more. But my father encouraged me to try again（鼓励我再尝试）. With his encouragement and help, I overcame the fear（克服恐惧） and kept trying several times. Finally, I did it successfully（成功做到）. I will never forget the experience, because it makes me understand that it is important to keep trying and we should never give up easily. 【范文2】 An Unforgettable person一个难忘的人--- 英语老师 In my daily life, the most unforgettable person is my English teacher. One day, my teacher invited me to take part in an English dubbing competition（参加英语配音比赛）. I refused at first because of my poor spoken English（口语差）. But she told me if I didn't take that step forward, I would never know what I could achieve. She promised that she would practice with me together. In the next two months, we often practiced the same sentences over and over again in order to（为了） speak like a native speaker（当地人）. With 60 days' hard work, I finally won the third prize. I asked her why she chose me. She said I was good at catching different emotions（捕捉不同的情感） and had a nice voice. Now I am a part-time voice actor（兼职配音演员）.Thanks to her encouragement（多亏了她的鼓励）, I found a shining point in myself（发现了自己的闪光点）. 【范文3】 I will never forget it Life is full of unexpected. I still remember what happened on that day.  When I was nine years old, I was very weak and I fell ill very easily. My mom advised me to play basketball because it can make me strong and healthy. So I started to play basketball. Basketball was very difficult for me at first. I keep practicing it most of my free time while my friends were playing computer games at home. Sometimes I felt so tired and I have to drink too much water after playing basketball. But I still kept on doing it because my favorite basketball player once said: "patience is a key in life (耐心是人生的关键). Step by step （一步一步地）, your goals(目标) will come true."And I feel happy and lucky that I didn't give up in the halfway. And now, I'm much taller and healthier than before.I knew I should never say never in the face of difficulties. 【范文4】期中（你将作为优秀学生代表在家长会上发言。你将会给家长们一些好的建议。请你根据以下的要点写出你的演讲稿。） Hello, everyone! It’s a great honour of me to give a speech about how to be an excellent student. As a child, I think parents shouldn’t push us to take too many after-school classes, because these activities can cause a lot of pressure for us. Anyway, life shouldn’t just be about grades. Kids need free time to relax and do things we really enjoy. The following activities may help to develop a better child. First of all, we should get enough time to exercise or we will be in poor health. As a result, we may have colds and have headaches more often. It’s bad for our body and mind. Secondly, we need to volunteer in our free time. Volunteering is also a good way to help people in need and improve ourselves at the same time. For example,we can help to clean up the city parks or visit the old people in an Old People’s Home. Besides, doing chores is also necessary for a child. We can learn to look after ourselves through housework. Doing housework can develop a child’s independence and help us understand the idea of fairness. We can help parents do the dishes, take out the rubbish, clean the living room and so on. At last, I hope parents can communicate more with their children so that they can know more about their kids’ feelings. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$