Unit 4 词汇、短语、知识点及写作 2024-2025学年人教版（2012）八年级英语下册

人教版八年级英语下册默写卷-Unit 4.Why don’t you talk to your parents? Unit 4.Why don’t you talk to your parents? 1、 词性转换 1.relate（动词）把...联系起来 →（名词）关系，联系 relation →（名词）关系 relationship 2.communicate（动词）交流→（名词）交流 communication 3.old (adj.) 年老的 →elder (adj.) 年长的 →older (adj.) 更老的 4.argue（动词）争论→（名词）争论 argument 5.clear（形容词）清楚的→（副词）清楚地 clearly 6.pressure（名词）压力→（动词）挤压 press →（同义词） stress 7.compete（动词）竞争，对抗→（名词）竞争，比赛 competition →competitor (n.) 竞争对手 8.two (num.) 二 →second (adv.) 第二 →secondly (adv.) 第二 →twice (adv.) 两次; 两倍 9.cloud (n.) 云 →cloudy (adj.) 多云的 10.quick（形容词）快速的→（副词）快速地 quickly →（同义词） fast 11.develop（动词）发展，培养→（名词）发展 development →（形容词）发展中的 developing →（形容词）发达的 developed 12.usual（形容词）通常的→（副词）通常地 usually →（反义词）不寻常的 unusual 13.wrong (形容词）错误的→（反义词） right 14.take (v.) 带走 →took (V-过去式) 15.become (v.) 变成 →became(V-过去式) 16.leave (v.) 离开 →left (V-过去式) 17.worry (v.) 担心 →worried(V-过去式) 18.spend (v.) 花费 →spent (V-过去式) 19.friendly(adj.) 友好的 →friendlier （比较级） 20.good/well(adj.) 好的 →better（比较级） 21.many/much(adj.)许多 →more （比较级） 22.copy (v.) →copies （三单） 二、词组（phrase） NO. CHINESE ENGLISH NO CHINESE ENGLISH 1 跟某人交流 talk to/with sb 56 抄作业 copy one’s homework 2 为什么不做...? why not +动原？ 57 没有做某事 without doing sth 3 做我喜欢做的事 do things I like 58 把某物忘在某地 leave sth + 地点 4 允许某人做某事 allow sb to do sth 59 作业忘在家里 leave my homework at home 5 允许做某事 allow doing sth 60 害怕... be afraid of sth./doing sth 6 和某人闲逛 hang out with sb 61 在人前讲话 speak in front of people 7 跟某人打架 get into a fight with 62 不再... not ....anymore=no more 8 =have a fight with 63 信任某人 trust sb 9 =fight with 64 回到某地 return to SP 10 得到足够的睡眠 get enough sleep 65 从某地回来 return from SP 11 怎么啦？ What’s wrong? 66 家庭成员 family member 12 真的累 really tired 67 在压力之下 under pressure 13 去睡觉 go to sleep=go to bed 68 给某人很大的压力 give sb a lot of pressure 14 给某人写信 write a letter to sb. 69 跟某人竞争 compete ...with 15 球赛 ball game 70 业余活动 free time activities 16 使某人吃惊 surprise sb 71 取的好成绩 get good grades 17 擅长于做某事 be good at doing sth 72 互相帮助 help each other 18 给某人打电话 call sb up 73 上课外辅导课 have after-school lessons 19 20 2 打电话讨论某事 talk about sth on the phone 74 普遍问题 the common problem 20 看起来难过 look sad 75 第一次 the first time 21 发现某人正在做某事 find sb doing sth 76 学会放松 learn to relax 22 发现某人做了某事 find sb do sth 77 督促某人做某事 push sb into doing sth 23 浏览 look through 78 =push sb to do sth 24 归还某人某物 give sth back to sb 79 如此繁忙的生活 such a busy life 25 =return sth to sb 80 ...一家 the+ 姓氏复数 26 生某人的气 be angry with sb 81 一个典型的美国家庭 a typical American family 27 我猜... I guess +从句 82 篮球练习 basketball practice 28 告诉某人（不）做某事 tell sb （not）to do sth 83 足球训练 football training 29 道歉 say sorry 84 删除 cut out 30 目的是 ，以至于 so that 85 几个 ... a few of 31 没什么大不了 It’s not a big deal. 86 直到...才 not ...until 32 算出，解决 work out 87 该做某事了。 It’s time for sth. 33 跟某人相处得好 get on well with sb 88 It’s time to do sth. 34 =get along well with sb 89 知道，了解 know about 35 经常打架 fight a lot 90 继续做某事（同一件事） continue doing sth 36 和某人就某事吵架 argue with sb about sth 91 接着做另一件事 continue to do sth 37 乌云 black cloud 92 一直在做某事 be always doing sth 38 悬挂 hang over 93 把...跟..做比较 compare ...with 39 哥哥 elder brother 94 对...着迷 be crazy about 40 对某人好 be nice to sb 95 把某人逼得太紧 push sb so hard 41 拒绝做某事 refuse sb to do sth 96 对...有好处 be good for 42 直到很晚 until late 97 导致很大的压力 cause a lot of pressure 43 感到紧张 feel nervous 98 有时间做某事 have time to do sth 44 做某事很正常 It’s normal to do sth. 99 持续多长时间 last for +时间段 45 跟某人谈论某事 talk about sth with sb 100 鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb to do sth 46 这些感受 these feelings 101 从小 from a young age 47 主动做某事 offer to do sth 102 依某人看来 in one’s opinion 48 主动给某人某物 offer sb sth =offer sth to sb 103 攒钱 save money 49 跟某人交流 communicate with sb 104 做某事之前 before doing sth 50 向某人解释某事 explain sth to sb 105 调小 turn down 51 介意某人做某事 mind sb/sb’s doing sth 106 开大 turn up 52 不同意人 disagree with sb 107 打开 turn on 53 使某人.... make sb. +adj. 108 关闭 turn off 54 你的建议是什么？ What’s your advice? 109 坚持做某事 keep on doing sth 55 为考试做准备 study for a test 110 寻找差别 look for differences 三、重点词汇考点总结 考点1. look through 意为“快速查看；浏览” 【拓展延伸】与look相关的短语还有： look at 看 look for 寻找 look up 查阅；向上看 look after 照料；照顾 look into调查 look forward to 盼望；期待 look around环顾 look down on/upon看不起 look out 当心；小心 考点2.【易混辨析】elder与old 单词 用法 图解助记 elder 只修饰人，用来比较年龄大小，尤指兄弟姐妹的长幼关系；在句中，通常只用作定语 older 是old的比较级形式，修饰人时，指实际年龄“较大的”；修饰物时，意为“较旧的”；在句中，可作定语或表语 Eg.My elder brother is two years older than me. 我的哥哥比我大两岁。 【即学即用】 1.The girl wearing a long dress is the ______ (old) of her two daughters. 2.Wang Hui is my _______ (old) sister and she is two years older than me. 考点3. 【易混辨析】instead与instead of 单词 词性 用法 instead 副词 意为“代替；反而；却”，用来修饰整个句子，位于句末，也可位于句首 instead of 副词短语 意为“代替；而不是”，后面可以接名词、代词或者动词-ing Eg.He didn’t play basketball. He went swimming instead. 他去游泳了，而没有去打篮球。 = He went swimming instead of playing basketball. 考点4. whatever代词，意为“任何；每一”，在此句中引导宾语从句。 Eg.Give them whatever they need. 他们需要什么就给他们什么。 【拓展延伸】whatever还可以引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么”，相当于no matter what。有类似用法的词还有：whoever = no matter who “无论谁”；whenever = no matter when “无论什么时候”；wherever = no matter where “无论在哪儿”等。 【即学即用】 1.He didn’t go to the children’s home. His friend Jack went there _________. A.instead B. too C. also D. instead of 2.Tourists can choose to visit Kunming _________ they like—spring, summer, autumn or winter. A.whoever B.whatever C.whenever D.wherever 3.Let’s go skating instead of ___________ (stay) at home. 4. He didn’t write to Jenny. He talked with her on the phone, instead.（合成一句） He talked with her on the phone ___________ ___________ writing to her. 5.我会待在家而不是出去闲逛。（完成句子） I will stay at home ___________ ___________ ___________ out with friends. 考点5. 【易混辨析】重点：leave与forget 单词 含义 用法 固定搭配 leave “遗留；落下” 表示把什么东西落在什么地方了，侧重于说明地点 leave sth. +地点状语 “把某物落在某地” forget “忘记” 表示忘记做什么事情，不强调地点状语 forget to do sth. “忘记做某事”（未做） forget doing sth. “忘记做过某事”（已做） 【即学即用】 1.Last time you _________ your umbrella at school. Today you had better not _________ it. A. forgot; leave B. left; leave C. forgot; forget D. left; forget 2.—I am sorry.I _________ my homework at home.  —Don’t forget _________ it next time.  A.leave; take　 B.left; to bring　 C.forgot; bringing　 D.forget; to take 3.—What's wrong? —I can't do my homework now. I _________ my homework in the classroom this morning. A. leave                                   B. forget                                  C. forgot                                   D. left 4.When you leave,don’t forget __________ (turn) off the lights. 考点6. 【用法详解】afraid形容词，意为“害怕，畏惧”，其常见用法如下： 用法 含义 图解助记 be afraid of (doing) sth. 害怕（做）某事/某物 be afraid to do sth. 害怕/不敢做某事 be afraid + that从句 恐怕……，that可省略 考点7. 【用法详解】cut out此处表示“删除；删去”，是由“动词+副词”构成的短语。名词作宾语时，放在out的前后均可；代词作宾语时，必须放在cut和out中间。 cut _cut up_ 切碎 _cut off_ 切断；切除 cut in 插嘴 _cut down_ 砍倒 _cut out_ 删除 cut back 削减 四、语法精讲 一、提建议 常用提建议的句型 句型结构 含义 示例 Why don’t you + do ? = Why not do sth.? 你（们）为什么不……呢? Why don’t we write to pen friend? Why not join an English club? How/What about + doing ? ……怎么样? What/How about watching English movies? Let’s + do . 让我们……吧. Let’s go swimming this afternoon. We/You should/could + do . 我们/你（们）应该/可以…… We should get up earlier. Would you mind + doing ? 你介意……吗? Would you mind speaking in a low voice? Would/Could you please + do ? 请你……好吗? Would you please turn down the radio? had better（not）do sth. 最好（不要）做某事 We’d better speak English as much as possible. Would you like + to do sth.? 你（们）想要……吗? Would you like to go out for a walk? 提建议句型的常用答语 肯定回答 否定回答 Good idea./That’s a good idea.好主意。 OK./All right./Great.好/行/太好了。 No problem.没问题。 I agree with you.我同意你的看法。 Sure./Of course./Certainly./I’d love to./I’d like you.当然可以/我愿意。 I’d love/like to, but...我愿意，但是…… Sorry, I can’t./Sorry, but... 对不起，我不能/对不起，可是…… I don’t think so.我不这样认为。 I’m afraid not.恐怕不行。 【即学即用】 1.—You _______ write him a letter to say you are sorry for it. —I’m not good at writing letters. I want to talk about it _______ the phone. A. could; on B. should; in C. can; over D. must; by 2.—My English is poor.Could you help me with it? —_______.  A.Thank you B.Me,too C.No problem D.See you 3.—Why don’t you stop to have a rest? —_______.  A.That’s a good idea B.That’s all right C.Yes,I do D.That’s for sure 4.It’s getting dark. You’d better _______ out by yourself. It’s dangerous. A.not go B.not to go C.to go D.go 5.Why don’t you _______ earlier to catch the early bus?  A.getting up　 B.get up　 C.gets up　 D.got up 二、until、although与so that引导的状语从句 在复合句中，用作状语的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据状语从句表达的意思可分为时间、原因、条件、目的、结果和让步等类型。本单元主要学习until、although与so that引导的状语从句。 1、until引导的时间状语从句 肯定句中 表示“直到……为止” 主句谓语动词用延续性动词 否定句中 表示“直到……才……” 主句谓语动词用非延续性动词 Eg.I have to stay here until the rain stops. 我不得不待在这儿，直到雨停。 Cathy didn’t go home until the rain stopped. 直到雨停了，凯茜才回家。 2、although引导的让步状语从句 although引导的让步状语从句一般翻译为“ 虽然；尽管 ”，一般情况下，although与though可以互换，但两者都不能与 but 同时出现在一个句子中，但可以和yet/still同时出现。 Eg.Although she’s very weak, she works very hard. 她尽管身体很弱，但是工作很努力。 3、so that引导的目的状语从句 so that表示“ 以便；为了 ”，从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词can/could/may/might等连用。 Eg.He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry. 他应该跟他的朋友谈谈，以便能向其道歉。 【拓展延伸】so that +从句 = in order that +从句= in order to + do 语法小测 一、单项选择 1.They went to the playground and practiced running _______ they could win the race. A. until                               B. so that                               C. as soon as                               D. unless 2.—Would you like something to eat? — _______. I'm hungry. A. Yes, I can                  B. Yes, please                 C. No, thanks                  D. No, I don't like it 3.—Jim, you shouldn't argue with your friend. You are really best friends. —_______ Thanks for your advice. A. Really?                          B. You're right.                          C. Why?                          D. Sounds great. 4.Some people won’t realize the importance of their friendship _______ they lose it. A.after B.when C.until D.as 5.You should study hard _______ you can make progress in study.  A.in order to　 B.as soon as　 C.so that　 D.such as 6. He didn’t walk slowly _______ he was sure nobody was following him.  A.and　 B.since　 C.until　 D.but 7.This little boy can speak English _______ he is only eight years old.  A.if　 B.so　 C.because　 D.although 8.—I feel stressed from time to time. Could you give me some advice? —_______ sharing your worries with your parents? A. Why don't you B. How about C. Why not D. Would you like 9.—It's nearly lunchtime. How about having some noodles and dumplings? —_______. A.You're welcome B.That's all right C. That's nice of you D.That sounds good 10.You could climb the mountains _______ you can keep healthy. A. until B. so that C. as soon as D. in order to 11.—Jim, let's go out to play basketball. —Oh, I won't do that _______ I finish my homework. A. if B. until C. because D. although 12.—Why not hold a Chinese Poetry Competition to welcome our school's 70th birthday? —_______ Let's make a plan together in our group. A. That's all right. B. Yes, please. C. Good idea. D. Never mind. 13.—Mom,shall we have supper now? —Oh,we won’t have supper _______ your dad comes back.  A.until　 B.when　 C.after　 D.although 14.—Why not _______ John a toy car for his birthday? —Good idea! He is crazy about cars. A.buy B. buying C.to buy D. buys 15.(山东滨州中考)—I think I am the shyest in my class.What should I do? —Be more active in class _______ you can improve your ability to express yourself.  A.so that B.unless C.or D.although 五、交际用语 1.A:Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening? B:Good idea.好主意。/ Sounds great. 听起来不错。/Not bad.还行。 2.A:What should I do?我该怎么办？ B:I guess you could tell her to say sorry. 我想你可以叫她道歉。 3. A:Thanks for your advice.谢谢你的建议。B: No problem./You’re welcome.不客气。 6、 单元话题写作（针对烦恼提建议） 必背句型 1.I don’t really agree with … because … 我不同意……因为…… 2.It’s bad for your study and health to surf the Internet until late at night. 上网直到深夜对你的学习和健康是不利的。 It is +形容词+for sb to do sth 做某事对某人而言是…… 3.In my opinion, it is important for children / parents to … 我认为，对于孩子/父母来说……是重要的 in one’s opinion 依……看。用来表达某人的想法。 4.I believe it is better if children / parents … 我认为如果孩子们/父母…….会更好 5.If children …, they will …如果孩子们…..,他们将会…… 【范文1】 Should students take after-school activities ? In my opinion, it's necessary for us to take after-school classes, because these classes are good for our development. In the first place, after-school classes are good for the children's future. They can help children get into good schools and universities. What's more, some classes help children learn important skills not taught at school. These skills may actually help children relax, such as playing sports or playing a musical instrument. Last but not least , people learn better at a younger age. Children have more time than adults, so they should learn as much as they can before they get too busy to learn new things.     In a word, if children are glad to have these after-school classes,they will get a lot from them. 【范文2】 Less pressure makes life better Pressure is a serious problem. Most students in our class are under too much pressure. Some students can’t get on with their classmates, while others may worry about their exams. I used to be under lots of pressure. My parents wanted me to be the top student in class. They asked me to study all day. They even sent me to all kinds of classes on weekends. I couldn’t stand all of this so I had a talk with my parents. Finally they understood how I felt. Now I feel less stressed so I can put my heart into my studies. Less pressure makes life better. 【范文3】 How to get on with parents? For teenagers, it's important to get on well with parents. What should we do？ First, we should spend some time communicating with our parents. For example, we may talk about our teachers, classmates or the thing that happened in school. We should share our joys and worries with them. Then, we should do something with our parents each week, such as making dinner or going shopping. We'll improve our relations with them in this way. Finally, we had better discuss our problems with them. They will help us find better ways to solve them. It's not easy to get on with parents, so we should learn to be understanding first. 【范文4】 How to deal with (处理) our stress? We all have some problems and stress in our lives. How should we solve them? Firstly, listening to music or taking part in outdoor activities（参加户外活动） is a good way to help us get relaxed. So we can keep healthy and glad. Secondly, when we are in trouble, we should communicate with our teachers, parents and friends to tell them about our problems. They can give us some useful advice to solve those problems and stress. Thirdly, we should try our best to study hard and be brave to face our grades. Finally, if we are still under too much pressure（处于压力下）, we'd better go to see a doctor. No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all of them can be overcome（克服） in the end. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$