内容正文:
Unit 1 Helping at home
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
询问职业的句型 高频易错点01
· 句型:What + is/are + 某人's + job?
例如:What's your father's job?
· 回答:He/She is a + 职业名词.
例如:He's a factory worker.
· 职业名词举例:farmer, nurse, doctor, office worker, teacher
易错点提示
1. 注意区分询问职业和询问特征:
What's your mother's job? 询问职业
What's your mother like? 询问性格或外貌
2. 职业名词前需加不定冠词 a/an:
例如:She is a doctor.
小练笔
根据中文或图片提示补全对话。
A: What's your ________(爸爸) job?
B: He's a ________.
A: Is your mother a nurse?
B: No, she ________. She's a ________.
点
拨
第一空:“爸爸”的英文是“father”,此处“爸爸的工作”,要用名词所有格形式father's。
第二空:根据图片中人物拿着农具的形象,可知对应的职业是farmer(农民),a后接可数名词单数,所以填farmer。
第三空:对于一般疑问句“Is your mother a nurse?”的否定回答,结构是“No, 主语 + isn't” ,这里主语是“she”,所以填“isn't” 。
第四空:从图片中人物在黑板前的形象,能判断职业是 “teacher(教师)”,“a”后接可数名词单数,故填“teacher” 。
职业名词前冠词的用法高频易错点02
不定冠词 a 和 an 用于单数可数职业名词前,表示 “一个”。
(1) a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,例如:a doctor 一名医生;a farmer 一位农民。
(2) an 用于元音音素开头的单词前,例如:an office worker 一名办公室职员。
注意:复数职业名词前不用 a/an,可用 some 等词修饰
例如:some factory workers 一些工厂工人
易错点提示
要注意区分单词的首字母发音是辅音音素还是元音音素,而不是看首字母是辅音字母还是元音字母。
例如:an hour 一个小时(“hour” 首字母 h 不发音,以元音音素开头)
a university 一所大学(“university” 首字母 u 发辅音音素)。
小练笔
用 a 或 an 填空。
1.My father is ______ factory worker.
2.She is ______ office worker.
3.He wants to be ______ doctor.
4.There is ______ nurse in the room.
点
拨
1.a 解析:“factory” 是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用 a。
2.an 解析:“office” 是以元音音素开头的单词,所以用 an。
3.a 解析:“doctor” 是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用 a。
4.a 解析:“nurse” 是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用 a。
描述某人能做某事的表达高频易错点03
句型“主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他。”描述某人能做某事。其中,can 是情态动词,意为 “能;会”,后接动词原形。
例如:I can clean my room.
She can do some chores.
拓展:
· 否定句:主语 + cannot (can't) + 动词原形 + 其他。
例如:He can't sweep the floor.
· 一般疑问句:Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + can.
否定回答:No, 主语 + can't.
例如:—Can you help? —Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
易错点提示
(1) can 后必须接动词原形,不能加 to 或 -ing 形式。
错误:She can to cook. ❌
正确:She can cook. ✅
(2) 否定形式 cannot 缩写为 can't,注意拼写。
(3) can 没有人称和数的变化,无论主语是第几人称,单数还是复数,can 都保持不变。
例如:He can draw. 他会画画。
They can sing. 他们会唱歌。
小练笔
用 can 的适当形式填空。
1.I ______ cook delicious food.
2.______ she clean the room?
3.They ______ not sweep the floor.
4.My brother ______ look after his pet dog.
1.can 解析:主语是 I,can 用原形,意为 “我会做美味的食物”。
2.Can 解析:此句是一般疑问句,can 置于句首,首字母大写,意为 “她会打扫房间吗”。
点
拨
3.can 解析:否定句中,can 后加 not,缩写为 can't,此处填 can,构成 can not,意为 “他们不会扫地”。
4.can 解析:主语是 My brother,为第三人称单数,can 无变化,意为 “我的哥哥会照顾他的宠物狗”。
点
拨
某人拥有某物的用法(have/has)高频易错点04
句型“主语+have/has+某物.”表达“某人拥有某物”。其中have意为“有”,has是have的第三人称单数,两者用法区别如下:
(1) have 用于第一人称(I, we)、第二人称(you)及复数主语(they, 复数名词)。
例句:I have a happy family.
They have a new pet.
(2) has 用于第三人称单数(he, she, it, 单数名词)。
例句:She has a red bag.
My father has a blue car.
(3) 注意缩写形式:I have = I've
He has = He's(需与 "He is" 区分上下文)。
(4) 否定句:在 have/has 后加 not 或缩写为 haven't/hasn't。
例句:I don't have a brother. (口语更常用)
She doesn't have a cat.
(5) 一般疑问句:将 Do/Does 提到句首,动词还原为原形 have。
例句:Do you have a sister?
Does he have a toy?
易错点提示
· 混淆 have/has 的主语搭配,尤其是第三人称单数(如误用 "He have..." ❌)。
· 疑问句中第三人称单数用 Does,但动词 has 需还原为 have(如 "Does she has...?" ❌ → "Does she have...?" ✅)。
小练笔
一、用 have/has 填空:
1.My grandparents ________ a big garden.
2.Tom ________ a new bike.
3.We ________ many books.
二、句型转换。
1.She has a dog.(改为否定句)
→ ______________________________.
2.They have a picnic.(改为一般疑问句)
→ ______________________________?
一、1.have解析:主语My grandparents是复数,复数主语表示“拥有”时,用have。
2.has解析:主语Tom是第三人称单数,第三人称单数主语表示“拥有”时,用has。
3.have解析:主语We是第一人称复数,复数主语表示 “拥有” 用have。
二、1.She doesn't have a dog.
解析:原句主语She是第三人称单数,变否定句时,要借助助动词doesn't,且原来的has要变回原形have,即“doesn't + 动词原形”的结构来构成否定 。
2.Do they have a picnic?
解析:原句主语 “They” 是复数,变一般疑问句时,借助助动词 “Do”,并将其置于句首,原来的动词 “have” 保持原形,构成 “Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他” 的一般疑问句结构 。
综合训练
一、单项选择(共10题,每题1分)
( )1.—What’s your aunt’s ______?
—She’s ______ nurse.
A. job; a B. like; an C. job; an
( )2.My brother ______ a blue bike. He rides it every day.
A. have B. has C. is
( )3.—______ you sweep the floor?
—Yes, I ______.
A. Can; can B. Do; do C. Are; am
( )4.Look! This is ______ office worker. She works in a tall building.
A. a B. an C. the
( )5.—Does Tom ______ a pet cat?
—No, he ______.
A. has; doesn’t B. have; doesn’t C. has; isn’t
( )6.My grandparents ______ a big farm. They grow vegetables there.
A. has B. have C. is
( )7.—Is your mother a doctor?
—______. She’s a teacher.
A. Yes, she is B. No, she isn’t C. No, she doesn’t
( )8.—Can your sister cook?
—______. She’s only five years old.
A. Yes, she can B. No, she can’t C. No, she isn’t
( )9.—What’s your father like?
—______.
A. He’s a farmer B. He’s tall and kind C. He can drive a car
( )10.The boy can ______.
A. sweep the floor B. cook dinner C. look after a baby
二、用所给词的适当形式填空(共10题,每题1分)
11.My uncle ______ (have) a red car.
12.—______ (Do) your parents have a garden? —Yes, they ______ (do).
13.She can ______ (clean) her room every Sunday.
14.—What’s your mother’s job? —She ______ (be) a nurse.
15.They ______ (not have) any pets at home.
16.My father is ______ (a/an) doctor.
17.—Can your brother swim? —No, he ______ (can).
18.We ______ (have) a happy family.
19.The cat ______ (not can) fly!
20.—______ (Be) your teacher strict? —Yes, she ______ (be).
三、句型转换(共10题,每题1.5分)
21. She has a new doll.(改为一般疑问句)
______ she ______ a new doll?
22.They can cook dinner.(改为一般疑问句)
______ they ______ dinner?
23. He has a robot.(改为否定句)
He ______ ______ a robot.
My sister can dance.(改为否定句)
My sister ______ ______.
25. My mother is a teacher.(对划线部分提问)
______ your mother’s ______?
26.They have three rabbits.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ they have?
四、根据图片提示完成句子。
27. The girl can ______ the ______.
28.The boy ______ ______ his dogs.
五、合并句子
29. I have a cat. It is white.
I have a ______ ______.
30.She can sing. She can dance.
She can ______ ______ ______.
六、补全对话(共5题,每题2分)
31.—______ your father’s job? —He’s a farmer.
32.—______ you help at home?
—Yes, I can sweep the floor.
33.—Does your sister ______ a bike? —No, she ______.
34.—What’s your brother ______?
—He’s tall and funny.
35.—Is your mother ______ office worker?
—No, she’s ______ nurse.
参考答案
1-5: ABABB
6-10: BBBBA
11. has
12. Do; do
13. clean
14. is
15. don’t have
16. a
17. can’t
18. have
19. can’t
20. Is; is
21. Does; have
22. Can; cook
23. doesn’t have
24. can’t dance
25. What’s; job
26. What do
27. clean; window
28. looks after
29. white cat
30. sing and dance
31. What’s
32. Can
33. have; doesn’t
34. like
35. an; a
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