Unit 5 Section 4 Grammar and Writing（PPT课件+Word版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年中职英语基础模块3同步教案（高教版2023）

对应学生课时P58 Ⅰ.单项选择 1．He asked，“How are you getting along？” →He asked 　________　. A．how am I getting along B．how are you getting along C．how I was getting along D．how was I getting along 2．He said，“Don't do that again.” →He 　________　 me 　________　 that again. A．said to；not to do B．said to；don't do C．told; don't do D．told；not to do 3．I wonder how much 　________　. A．does he spend on his car B．did he spend on his car C．he spent on his car D．he spent in his car 4．—Mike didn't tell us 　________　 he was leaving that day. —I know. By air. A．when B．how C．why D．whether 5．He asked 　________　 for the computer. A．did I pay how much B．I paid how much C．how much did I pay D．how much I paid 6．She asked him 　________　. A．whose dictionary this is B．whose dictionary that was C．whose dictionary is this D．whose dictionary was that 7．Mary's mother asked her 　________　. A．that whether she had finished her homework B．if she has finished her homework C．if she had finished her homework D．that if she had finished her homework 8．—Do you know 　________　 the new computer yesterday? —Sorry，I have no idea. A．how much did she pay for B．how much will she pay for C．how much she paid for D．how much she will pay for 9．Would you please tell me 　________　 this book? A．where you bought B．where did you buy C．where you buy D．where do you buy 10．Jack said to me，“You look worried today.” Jack told me that 　________　 worried 　________　. A．he looks；today B．you look；today C．we looked；that day D．I looked；that day 解析：1－5　CDCBD　6－10　BCCAD Ⅱ.阅读理解 A Our family went to Yellowstone National Park last summer vacation. Our son，Tom，wanted to see bears there. And what an experience (经历) it was! When we got there，we put up our tent and went to explore (探险). As we returned，we heard our daughter Susie cry out. And then we saw a bear go into our camp. Tom wanted his father to chase (追赶) him away. His father said，“No. It's dangerous to chase a bear. And don't let him chase you.”Susie said，“What shall we do? Maybe we should climb a tree.” Tom said，“No. We have to get him out of there. He might go to sleep in our tent.” “Maybe we could make him leave if we put some honey outside for him to eat，” Susie suggested. Then I said，“How are you going to get the honey? It's in the tent.” We watched the bear go into the tent and heard him upset (翻倒，弄翻) everything inside. “It's foolish for us to try to chase him away，” said my husband. “Leave him alone and wait for him to come out.” We waited，but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car that night. 1．Tom wanted to go to Yellowstone National Park to see 　________　. A．tigers　　　　　 B．wolves C．bears D．birds 2．Where did the family go on vacation last summer? A．They went to the Central Park. B．They went to Yellowstone National Park. C．They went to a zoo. D．They just stayed at home. 3．Who do you think saw the bear first? A．Susie. B．Tom. C．The writer. D．The writer's husband. 4．What did they do when they saw a bear go into their tent? A．They chased the bear away. B．They stayed outside and did nothing. C．They climbed up a tree. D．They put some honey outside for the bear to eat. 5．What did the bear do in the tent? A．He ate the honey. B．He chased the people away. C．He drank the beer. D．He turned things upside down. [语篇解读]　本文叙述了作者一家去年暑假去黄石公园旅行的经历。 1．C　[细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知，Tom要去看熊。] 2．B　[细节理解题。由第一段第一句可知，“我们”家要去黄石国家公园。] 3．A　[推理判断题。由第二段第二、三句可推知，苏茜首先看到了熊。] 4．B　[推理判断题。综合第三段信息可知，他们看到熊进了他们的帐篷时，他们只是待在外面。] 5．D　[细节理解题。由最后一段中可知，熊弄乱了帐篷里的一切。turned things upside down是upset everything的同义表达。] B Qomolangma is the third mountain of the Himalayas，so it is called the Third God Mountain in Tibetan language. Qomolangma is very famous and it is higher than any other mountain in the world. Its newest height is 8,848.86 metres，which was announced on December 8th,2020. At the height of 8,000 metres，there is only 30% O2 and the human body can only stand this height for a few days，so it is dangerous for humans to climb higher. But many climbers want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. As Alan Arnette，a mountain climber from America，said “Climbing mountains drives you to look deep inside yourself，and lets you find out whether you are healthy enough and strong enough in mind when you want to stop.” It's a good thing that Qomolangma gives people a chance to become strong­willed(意志坚强的) when trying to achieve their dreams. However，these years，Qomolangma is in danger because many people leave their waste behind，such as water bottles and plastic bags. They cause the environmental pollution for Qomolangma.Many local farmers said their sheep and cows would die after eating the plastic bags and it was too difficult to clean 　them　 up. Luckily，many volunteers from all over the world came to Qomolangma to join in the clean­up activity. A volunteer advised，“When climbing Qomolangma，mountain climbing lovers should always take good care of themselves，and at the same time，take good care of Qomolangma.” 6．What's the newest height of Qomolangma? A．8,000 metres.　 B．8,844.43 metres. C．8,848.86 metres. D．8,848.84 metres. 7．According to Alan's words，　________　 to climb mountains. A．you had better forget B．you will be in great danger C．you need to be healthy enough D．you'll know better about yourself 8．Why is Qomolangma in danger these years? A．Many people leave their waste behind，which cause the environmental pollution for Qomolangma. B．Earthquakes occur frequently，which cause damage to Qomolangma. C．Because of global warming，the ice and snow melt. D．Many trees on Qomolangma are cut down by locals to make money. 9．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Local farmers. B．Cows and sheep. C．Plastic bags. D．Water bottles. 10．What's the passage mainly about? A．Qomolangma.　　 B．Climbers. C．Himalayas. D．Tibetan Language. [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰，并告诉我们要爱护珠穆朗玛峰。 6．C　[细节理解题。根据“Its newest height is 8,848.86 metres，which was announced on December 8th,2020.”可知，选C。] 7．D　[细节理解题。根据“As Alan Arnette，a mountain climber from America，said ‘climbing mountains drives you to look deep inside yourself，and lets you find out whether you are healthy enough and strong enough in mind when you want to stop.’”可知，选D。] 8．A　[细节理解题。根据后文“because many people leave their waste behind，such as water bottles and plastic bags.”可知，选A。] 9．C　[词义猜测题。根据前文可知，此处them指“塑料袋”，故选C。] 10．A　[主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的有关情况，故选A。] Ⅲ.书面表达 假设你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Nick将于八月来四川旅游，特来信询问有关旅游景点情况。请根据下表所提供的要点，写一封回信，并表示盼望他的到来。 旅游资源：许多世界著名的风景名胜，如：九寨沟(海子：清澈见底；色彩斑斓)；都江堰水利工程(2000多年历史；仍在发挥作用)；相关信息；气候适宜；交通方便。 注意： 1．词数80－120左右，信的格式及开头已为你写好(不计入总词数)； 2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．参考词汇：省份province；海子lake；都江堰水利工程Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. Dear Nick， I'm glad to hear that you're coming to Sichuan in August.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Li Hua [参考范文] 　Dear_Nick，　 　I'm_glad_to_hear_that_you're_coming_to_Sichuan_in_August.　 You have made the wise choice to travel here. Sichuan Province is rich in tourist attractions and enjoys many world­famous places of interest，such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. Jiuzhaigou is well­known for its beautiful lakes，of which the water is clear and looks colorful. It can excite visitors' imagination. Another attraction is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. It was built over 2,000 years ago and is still playing an important part in irrigation today. Besides，the nice weather and convenient transportation here can make your trip more enjoyable. I'm sure you'll have a good time. I'm looking forward to your coming. 　Yours_sincerely，　 　Li_Hua　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Section 4　Grammar and Writing 直接引语和间接引语 引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出别人的原话，这叫做直接引语；二是用自己的话把别人的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。 John said，“I'm going to London with my father.” 约翰说：“我要和我的父亲去伦敦。”(引号内是直接引语) John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说他要和他父亲去伦敦。(宾语从句是间接引语) 1．直接引语是陈述句时，变间接引语的方法和规律 直接引语是陈述句时，间接引语为that引导的宾语从句(口语中that可以省略)，且从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要根据具体语境做相应的变化。 (1)人称的变化规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 变化规则 说明 例句 一随主 引号内的第一人称变间接引语后与主句主语的人称保持一致 She says，“I like math very much.” →She says that she likes math very much. 二随宾 引号内的第二人称变间接引语后与主句宾语的人称保持一致 He said to Lily，“You must get up early.” →He told Lily that she must get up early. 三不变 引号内的第三人称在变间接引语后人称不变 She said to me，“They want to help him.” →She told me that they wanted to help him. (2)时态的变化。 主句是一般现在时，从句可用任意时态；主句是过去时，从句用相应的过去时态，即一般现在时改成一般过去时，现在进行时改成过去进行时，一般将来时改成过去将来时，一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完成时。 主句的时态 从句的时态 例句 一般现在时 (He says) 所需的任何时态 He says，“I like math very much.” →He says that he likes math very much. 一般过去时 (He said) 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 He said，“I am a student.” →He said that he was a student. 现在进行时 过去进行时 He said，“I am reading.” →He said that he was reading. 一般将来时 过去将来时 He said，“I will go home.” →He said that he would go home. 一般过去时 过去完成时 He said，“I went home.” →He said that he had gone home. 现在完成时 过去完成时 He said，“I have gone home.” →He said that he had gone home. 过去完成时 过去完成时 He said，“I had gone home.” →He said that he had gone home. [注意]　主句是过去时，如果直接引语表示的是客观规律，那么间接引语的时态仍然用一般现在时。 The teacher told us，“The earth moves around the sun.” →The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. (3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语，以及个别动词，由直接引语变成间接引语时的变化规则。 需变化的词和短语 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 this these that those 时间状语 now today tonight this week yesterday last week three days ago tomorrow next week then that day that night that week the day before the week before three days before the next day/ the following day the next week/ the following week 地点状语 here there 动词 come bring go take 2.直接引语是一般疑问句时，变间接引语的方法和规律 直接引语是一般疑问句时，间接引语为whether或if引导的宾语从句。即将一般疑问句的语序改为陈述句的语序，且句末用句号。其人称、时态等相应的变化也与直接引语是陈述句时相同。 She asked，“Do you often come here to read newspapers？” →She asked me if/whether I often went there to read newspapers. [注意]　只用whether不用if的情况。 (1)从句中有or/or not。She asked 　whether　 he stayed or not. (2)与不定式to do连用。I can't decide 　whether　 to tell him the news. (3)在介词后。They are talking about　 　whether　 they can afford the new house. 3．直接引语是特殊疑问句时，变间接引语的方法和规律 直接引语若是特殊疑问句，常选择what，when，where，which，who，how等疑问代词和疑问副词作连接词。将特殊疑问句转换为间接引语时，需将疑问句式改为陈述句式，句末用句号，即转换成由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句(当who为主语时，句式为“who＋谓语＋其他”)。 “Which room do you live in？”he asked me.→He asked me which room I lived in. He asked me，“What color do you like？”→He asked me what color I liked. [注意]　宾语从句用陈述句语序，即“连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”或“连接词＋谓语＋其他”。 4．直接引语是祈使句时，变间接引语的方法和规律 直接引语若是祈使句，将其变为间接引语时，间接引语应改为“tell/ask/order/beg/warn/advise...(not) to do...”句型。 The teacher said to me，“Stop talking.”→The teacher told me to stop talking. He said，“Don't make so much noise，boys.”→He told the boys not to make so much noise. 单项选择 1．“Please close the window，” he said to me. →He 　________　 me 　________　 the window. A．said to；to close B．told to；closing C．asked；to close D．said to；please close 2．“Have you seen the film？” he asked me. →He asked me 　________　. A．had I seen the film B．have I seen the film C．if I have seen the film D．whether I had seen the film 3．“I am a teacher，” Jack said. →Jack said 　________　. A．that I am a teacher B．I was a teacher C．that he is a teacher D．he was a teacher 4．He said，“Mother，the boy is very naughty.” →He 　________　 very naughty. A．said his mother that the boy was B．said to his mother that the boy is C．told his mother that the boy was D．spoke to his mother that the boy was 5．He asked，“Are you a Party member or a League member？” →He asked me 　________　. A．am I a Party member or a League member B．was I a Party member or a League member C．if I was a Party member or a League member D．whether was I a Party member or a League member 答案：1－5　CDDCC 自然景观介绍 1．介绍旅游景点属于说明文，所以它首先应具备说明文的特点，即要按一定的顺序(时间顺序，空间顺序，逻辑顺序等)和模式(先总后分，由整体到局部，由概述到细节等)来展开描写。 2．其次，要重点突出，详略得当。写作时应重点描写景点的特别之处，突出其独特的风景特色，历史典故，地理风貌，风土人情，民间习俗和古迹名胜等。 3．最后，语言要生动，富有感染力，使读者有身临其境之感，且能激起其强烈的旅游欲望。 假如你是李华，你的朋友Tom是一名在中国任教的外国友人，他想趁国庆假期来湖北旅游，请你写邮件给他推荐一个旅游景点，内容包括： 1．景点名称； 2．推荐理由； 3．提醒防护措施。 注意： 1．词数80－120左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ●[审题谋篇] 体裁：电子邮件(说明文) 人称：第一、第二人称 时态：一般现在时 ●[重点词汇] 1．　recommend　 vt.　推荐，建议 2．　landmark　 n. 地标 3．　widespread　 adj. 广泛流传的 4．　classical　 adj. 经典的 5．　not_only...but_also...　 不仅……而且 6．　appreciate　 vt. 欣赏 7．　appealing　 adj. 吸引人的 8．　by_the_way　 顺便说一下 ●[重点句型] 1．I am delighted 　to_learn_that_you_plan_to_have_a_trip　 to Hubei during the coming National Holiday? 我很高兴听说你计划在国庆节期间到湖北旅游。 2．I 　do_hope　 you will have an unforgettable and pleasant trip here. 我确实希望你有一个难忘和快乐的旅游。 [参考范文] Dear Tom， I am delighted to learn that you plan to have a trip to Hubei during the coming National Holiday. Here I would highly recommend the Old City Wall Of Jingzhou，the landmark of Jingzhou. The reason why the Ancient City of Jingzhou is so well­known has a lot to do with a widespread classical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms written by ancient Chinese novelist Luo Guanzhong. By visiting this well­preserved ancient city，you can not only learn more about Chinese history but also fully appreciate the nearby appealing scenery. By the way，you should always remember to wear masks wherever you go. I do hope you will have an unforgettable and pleasant trip here. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 泰山(Mount Tai)被联合国教科文组织评为世界自然文化遗产。假设外国友人到你学校参观后准备去旅游，请结合以下要点向你的朋友简单介绍一下泰山。 要点： 1．泰山位于山东省中部，是中国著名的旅游胜地。每年有大批中外游客去旅游观光； 2．从市中心出发坐汽车大约2个小时，也可以坐火车； 3．登山可观看日出。 注意： 1．内容须包含上述要点，可适当发挥； 2．80－120词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Mount Tai is one of the most fantastic natural wonders in China.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] 　Mount_Tai_is_one_of_the_most_fantastic_natural_wonders_in_China.　 It is in the middle of Shandong Province. Every year，thousands of Chinese and foreigners visit there. It's not far from here. It takes you about two hours to get there from the centre of the city by bus. You can also go there by train. Autumn is the best season to climb Mount Tai. On the top of the mountain，you can enjoy the beautiful sunrise. And the sunrise is wonderful. Mount Tai is really a nice place to visit. 对应学生课时P58 Ⅰ.单项选择 1．He asked，“How are you getting along？” →He asked 　________　. A．how am I getting along B．how are you getting along C．how I was getting along D．how was I getting along 2．He said，“Don't do that again.” →He 　________　 me 　________　 that again. A．said to；not to do B．said to；don't do C．told; don't do D．told；not to do 3．I wonder how much 　________　. A．does he spend on his car B．did he spend on his car C．he spent on his car D．he spent in his car 4．—Mike didn't tell us 　________　 he was leaving that day. —I know. By air. A．when B．how C．why D．whether 5．He asked 　________　 for the computer. A．did I pay how much B．I paid how much C．how much did I pay D．how much I paid 6．She asked him 　________　. A．whose dictionary this is B．whose dictionary that was C．whose dictionary is this D．whose dictionary was that 7．Mary's mother asked her 　________　. A．that whether she had finished her homework B．if she has finished her homework C．if she had finished her homework D．that if she had finished her homework 8．—Do you know 　________　 the new computer yesterday? —Sorry，I have no idea. A．how much did she pay for B．how much will she pay for C．how much she paid for D．how much she will pay for 9．Would you please tell me 　________　 this book? A．where you bought B．where did you buy C．where you buy D．where do you buy 10．Jack said to me，“You look worried today.” Jack told me that 　________　 worried 　________　. A．he looks；today B．you look；today C．we looked；that day D．I looked；that day 解析：1－5　CDCBD　6－10　BCCAD Ⅱ.阅读理解 A Our family went to Yellowstone National Park last summer vacation. Our son，Tom，wanted to see bears there. And what an experience (经历) it was! When we got there，we put up our tent and went to explore (探险). As we returned，we heard our daughter Susie cry out. And then we saw a bear go into our camp. Tom wanted his father to chase (追赶) him away. His father said，“No. It's dangerous to chase a bear. And don't let him chase you.”Susie said，“What shall we do? Maybe we should climb a tree.” Tom said，“No. We have to get him out of there. He might go to sleep in our tent.” “Maybe we could make him leave if we put some honey outside for him to eat，” Susie suggested. Then I said，“How are you going to get the honey? It's in the tent.” We watched the bear go into the tent and heard him upset (翻倒，弄翻) everything inside. “It's foolish for us to try to chase him away，” said my husband. “Leave him alone and wait for him to come out.” We waited，but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car that night. 1．Tom wanted to go to Yellowstone National Park to see 　________　. A．tigers　　　　　 B．wolves C．bears D．birds 2．Where did the family go on vacation last summer? A．They went to the Central Park. B．They went to Yellowstone National Park. C．They went to a zoo. D．They just stayed at home. 3．Who do you think saw the bear first? A．Susie. B．Tom. C．The writer. D．The writer's husband. 4．What did they do when they saw a bear go into their tent? A．They chased the bear away. B．They stayed outside and did nothing. C．They climbed up a tree. D．They put some honey outside for the bear to eat. 5．What did the bear do in the tent? A．He ate the honey. B．He chased the people away. C．He drank the beer. D．He turned things upside down. [语篇解读]　本文叙述了作者一家去年暑假去黄石公园旅行的经历。 1．C　[细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知，Tom要去看熊。] 2．B　[细节理解题。由第一段第一句可知，“我们”家要去黄石国家公园。] 3．A　[推理判断题。由第二段第二、三句可推知，苏茜首先看到了熊。] 4．B　[推理判断题。综合第三段信息可知，他们看到熊进了他们的帐篷时，他们只是待在外面。] 5．D　[细节理解题。由最后一段中可知，熊弄乱了帐篷里的一切。turned things upside down是upset everything的同义表达。] B Qomolangma is the third mountain of the Himalayas，so it is called the Third God Mountain in Tibetan language. Qomolangma is very famous and it is higher than any other mountain in the world. Its newest height is 8,848.86 metres，which was announced on December 8th,2020. At the height of 8,000 metres，there is only 30% O2 and the human body can only stand this height for a few days，so it is dangerous for humans to climb higher. But many climbers want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. As Alan Arnette，a mountain climber from America，said “Climbing mountains drives you to look deep inside yourself，and lets you find out whether you are healthy enough and strong enough in mind when you want to stop.” It's a good thing that Qomolangma gives people a chance to become strong­willed(意志坚强的) when trying to achieve their dreams. However，these years，Qomolangma is in danger because many people leave their waste behind，such as water bottles and plastic bags. They cause the environmental pollution for Qomolangma.Many local farmers said their sheep and cows would die after eating the plastic bags and it was too difficult to clean 　them　 up. Luckily，many volunteers from all over the world came to Qomolangma to join in the clean­up activity. A volunteer advised，“When climbing Qomolangma，mountain climbing lovers should always take good care of themselves，and at the same time，take good care of Qomolangma.” 6．What's the newest height of Qomolangma? A．8,000 metres.　 B．8,844.43 metres. C．8,848.86 metres. D．8,848.84 metres. 7．According to Alan's words，　________　 to climb mountains. A．you had better forget B．you will be in great danger C．you need to be healthy enough D．you'll know better about yourself 8．Why is Qomolangma in danger these years? A．Many people leave their waste behind，which cause the environmental pollution for Qomolangma. B．Earthquakes occur frequently，which cause damage to Qomolangma. C．Because of global warming，the ice and snow melt. D．Many trees on Qomolangma are cut down by locals to make money. 9．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Local farmers. B．Cows and sheep. C．Plastic bags. D．Water bottles. 10．What's the passage mainly about? A．Qomolangma.　　 B．Climbers. C．Himalayas. D．Tibetan Language. [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰，并告诉我们要爱护珠穆朗玛峰。 6．C　[细节理解题。根据“Its newest height is 8,848.86 metres，which was announced on December 8th,2020.”可知，选C。] 7．D　[细节理解题。根据“As Alan Arnette，a mountain climber from America，said ‘climbing mountains drives you to look deep inside yourself，and lets you find out whether you are healthy enough and strong enough in mind when you want to stop.’”可知，选D。] 8．A　[细节理解题。根据后文“because many people leave their waste behind，such as water bottles and plastic bags.”可知，选A。] 9．C　[词义猜测题。根据前文可知，此处them指“塑料袋”，故选C。] 10．A　[主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的有关情况，故选A。] Ⅲ.书面表达 假设你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Nick将于八月来四川旅游，特来信询问有关旅游景点情况。请根据下表所提供的要点，写一封回信，并表示盼望他的到来。 旅游资源：许多世界著名的风景名胜，如：九寨沟(海子：清澈见底；色彩斑斓)；都江堰水利工程(2000多年历史；仍在发挥作用)；相关信息；气候适宜；交通方便。 注意： 1．词数80－120左右，信的格式及开头已为你写好(不计入总词数)； 2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．参考词汇：省份province；海子lake；都江堰水利工程Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. Dear Nick， I'm glad to hear that you're coming to Sichuan in August.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Li Hua [参考范文] 　Dear_Nick，　 　I'm_glad_to_hear_that_you're_coming_to_Sichuan_in_August.　 You have made the wise choice to travel here. Sichuan Province is rich in tourist attractions and enjoys many world­famous places of interest，such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. Jiuzhaigou is well­known for its beautiful lakes，of which the water is clear and looks colorful. It can excite visitors' imagination. Another attraction is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. It was built over 2,000 years ago and is still playing an important part in irrigation today. Besides，the nice weather and convenient transportation here can make your trip more enjoyable. I'm sure you'll have a good time. I'm looking forward to your coming. 　Yours_sincerely，　 　Li_Hua　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Section 4　Grammar and Writing UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 语法 探究突破 01 写作 表达升格 02 课后 素养提升 03 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 语法 探究突破 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 写作 表达升格 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（GJ3） UNIT 5 Natural Wonders in the World 直接引语和间接引语 引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出别人的原话，这叫做直接引语；二是用自己的话把别人的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。 John said，“I'm going to London with my father.” 约翰说：“我要和我的父亲去伦敦。”(引号内是直接引语) John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说他要和他父亲去伦敦。(宾语从句是间接引语) 1．直接引语是陈述句时，变间接引语的方法和规律 直接引语是陈述句时，间接引语为that引导的宾语从句(口语中that可以省略)，且从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要根据具体语境做相应的变化。 (1)人称的变化规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 变化规则 说明 例句 一随主 引号内的第一人称变间接引语后与主句主语的人称保持一致 She says，“I like math very much.” →She says that she likes math very much. 二随宾 引号内的第二人称变间接引语后与主句宾语的人称保持一致 He said to Lily，“You must get up early.” →He told Lily that she must get up early. 三不变 引号内的第三人称在变间接引语后人称不变 She said to me，“They want to help him.” →She told me that they wanted to help him. (2)时态的变化。 主句是一般现在时，从句可用任意时态；主句是过去时，从句用相应的过去时态，即一般现在时改成一般过去时，现在进行时改成过去进行时，一般将来时改成过去将来时，一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完成时。 主句的时态 从句的时态 例句 一般现在时 (He says) 所需的任何时态 He says，“I like math very much.” →He says that he likes math very much. 一般过去时 (He said) 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 He said，“I am a student.” →He said that he was a student. 现在进行时 过去进行时 He said，“I am reading.” →He said that he was reading. 一般过去时 (He said) 一般将来时 过去将来时 He said，“I will go home.” →He said that he would go home. 一般过去时 过去完成时 He said，“I went home.” →He said that he had gone home. 现在完成时 过去完成时 He said，“I have gone home.” →He said that he had gone home. 过去完成时 过去完成时 He said，“I had gone home.” →He said that he had gone home. [注意]　主句是过去时，如果直接引语表示的是客观规律，那么间接引语的时态仍然用一般现在时。 The teacher told us，“The earth moves around the sun.” →The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. (3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语，以及个别动词，由直接引语变成间接引语时的变化规则。 需变化的词和短语 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 this these that those 时间状语 now today tonight this week yesterday last week three days ago tomorrow next week then that day that night that week the day before the week before three days before the next day/ the following day the next week/ the following week 地点状语 here there 动词 come bring go take 2.直接引语是一般疑问句时，变间接引语的方法和规律 直接引语是一般疑问句时，间接引语为whether或if引导的宾语从句。即将一般疑问句的语序改为陈述句的语序，且句末用句号。其人称、时态等相应的变化也与直接引语是陈述句时相同。 She asked，“Do you often come here to read newspapers？” →She asked me if/whether I often went there to read newspapers. [注意]　只用whether不用if的情况。 (1)从句中有or/or not。She asked 　whether　 he stayed or not. (2)与不定式to do连用。I can't decide 　whether　 to tell him the news. (3)在介词后。They are talking about　 　whether　 they can afford the new house. 3．直接引语是特殊疑问句时，变间接引语的方法和规律 直接引语若是特殊疑问句，常选择what，when，where，which，who，how等疑问代词和疑问副词作连接词。将特殊疑问句转换为间接引语时，需将疑问句式改为陈述句式，句末用句号，即转换成由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句(当who为主语时，句式为“who＋谓语＋其他”)。 “Which room do you live in？”he asked me.→He asked me which room I lived in. He asked me，“What color do you like？”→He asked me what color I liked. [注意]　宾语从句用陈述句语序，即“连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”或“连接词＋谓语＋其他”。 4．直接引语是祈使句时，变间接引语的方法和规律 直接引语若是祈使句，将其变为间接引语时，间接引语应改为“tell/ask/order/beg/warn/advise...(not) to do...”句型。 The teacher said to me，“Stop talking.”→The teacher told me to stop talking. He said，“Don't make so much noise，boys.”→He told the boys not to make so much noise. 单项选择 1．“Please close the window，” he said to me. →He 　________　 me 　________　 the window. A．said to；to close B．told to；closing C．asked；to close D．said to；please close 2．“Have you seen the film？” he asked me. →He asked me 　________　. A．had I seen the film B．have I seen the film C．if I have seen the film D．whether I had seen the film 3．“I am a teacher，” Jack said. →Jack said 　________　. A．that I am a teacher B．I was a teacher C．that he is a teacher D．he was a teacher 4．He said，“Mother，the boy is very naughty.” →He 　________　 very naughty. A．said his mother that the boy was B．said to his mother that the boy is C．told his mother that the boy was D．spoke to his mother that the boy was 5．He asked，“Are you a Party member or a League member？” →He asked me 　________　. A．am I a Party member or a League member B．was I a Party member or a League member C．if I was a Party member or a League member D．whether was I a Party member or a League member 答案：1－5　CDDCC 自然景观介绍 1．介绍旅游景点属于说明文，所以它首先应具备说明文的特点，即要按一定的顺序(时间顺序，空间顺序，逻辑顺序等)和模式(先总后分，由整体到局部，由概述到细节等)来展开描写。 2．其次，要重点突出，详略得当。写作时应重点描写景点的特别之处，突出其独特的风景特色，历史典故，地理风貌，风土人情，民间习俗和古迹名胜等。 3．最后，语言要生动，富有感染力，使读者有身临其境之感，且能激起其强烈的旅游欲望。 假如你是李华，你的朋友Tom是一名在中国任教的外国友人，他想趁国庆假期来湖北旅游，请你写邮件给他推荐一个旅游景点，内容包括： 1．景点名称； 2．推荐理由； 3．提醒防护措施。 注意： 1．词数80－120左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ●[审题谋篇] 体裁：电子邮件(说明文) 人称：第一、第二人称 时态：一般现在时 ●[重点词汇] 1．　recommend　 vt.　推荐，建议 2．　landmark　 n. 地标 3．　widespread　 adj. 广泛流传的 4．　classical　 adj. 经典的 5．　not only...but also...　 不仅……而且 6．　appreciate　 vt. 欣赏 7．　appealing　 adj. 吸引人的 8．　by the way　 顺便说一下 ●[重点句型] 1．I am delighted 　to learn that you plan to have a trip　 to Hubei during the coming National Holiday? 我很高兴听说你计划在国庆节期间到湖北旅游。 2．I 　do hope　 you will have an unforgettable and pleasant trip here. 我确实希望你有一个难忘和快乐的旅游。 [参考范文] Dear Tom， I am delighted to learn that you plan to have a trip to Hubei during the coming National Holiday. Here I would highly recommend the Old City Wall Of Jingzhou，the landmark of Jingzhou. The reason why the Ancient City of Jingzhou is so well­known has a lot to do with a widespread classical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms written by ancient Chinese novelist Luo Guanzhong. By visiting this well­preserved ancient city，you can not only learn more about Chinese history but also fully appreciate the nearby appealing scenery. By the way，you should always remember to wear masks wherever you go. I do hope you will have an unforgettable and pleasant trip here. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 泰山(Mount Tai)被联合国教科文组织评为世界自然文化遗产。假设外国友人到你学校参观后准备去旅游，请结合以下要点向你的朋友简单介绍一下泰山。 要点： 1．泰山位于山东省中部，是中国著名的旅游胜地。每年有大批中外游客去旅游观光； 2．从市中心出发坐汽车大约2个小时，也可以坐火车； 3．登山可观看日出。 注意： 1．内容须包含上述要点，可适当发挥； 2．80－120词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Mount Tai is one of the most fantastic natural wonders in China._________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Mount Tai is one of the most fantastic natural wonders in China. It is in the middle of Shandong Province. Every year，thousands of Chinese and foreigners visit there. It's not far from here. It takes you about two hours to get there from the centre of the city by bus. You can also go there by train. Autumn is the best season to climb Mount Tai. On the top of the mountain，you can enjoy the beautiful sunrise. And the sunrise is wonderful. Mount Tai is really a nice place to visit. $$