2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语下册知识总结

八年级英语下册知识点总结 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 一、基础知识 1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦?出什么事情了? What’ s the matter (with sb)= What’s the trouble (with sb) = What’ s wrong (with sb) ? 你怎么了? 用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦时 与介词with连用 2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼,肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼 have a sore throat嗓子疼 have a nosebleed 流鼻血 have a sore back 背痛 have a sore leg腿疼 3. 身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词 stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache 4. lie down躺下, lie 躺,躺着,过去式lay; lie说谎,过去式lied tell a lie说谎 5 need to do sth.需要做某事,(主语通常是人),You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth.某事需要被做(主语通常是物), Your dirty clothes need washing. 6. get off 下车 get on 上车 get an X-ray拍X光片 get into陷入;参与 get out of从....中出来 get up 起床 get sunburned 晒伤 get hit by a ball 被球击中 get hit on the head 砸到头 7 trouble问题,麻烦 ;be in trouble遇到麻烦, make trouble 制造麻烦 get into trouble 惹麻烦,陷入麻烦 have troubles / problems doing sth =have difficulties (in) doing sth做......有麻烦。 8 right away=right now=at once= in a minute,马上 立刻 9 take breaks(take a break)休息 take one’s temperature量体温 take risks 冒险 10 fall作动词, 意为“落下, 跌落”, 其过去式为_fell_ fall down意为“摔倒,落下” 11 thanks to 多亏... cut off 切除 be in control of掌管 管理 give up 放弃 lose one’s life丧生 tell of 讲述 in time 及时 feel sick 感到不适 12 sth happen to sb 某事发生在某人身上 An accident happened to my friend yesterday. sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 I happend to meet my teacher in Beijing. It happened that+从句 碰巧… Eg: It happened that I met my teacher in Beijing. 14 so...that... so that So+adj/adv+that从句 如此...以致 The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time. so that以便于(引导目的状语从句。) He read aloud,so that the students at the back heard him. 15 mean (v )打算 意味着... ;表示...的意思 mean to do sth 打算做某事 It’s clear that I don’t mean to hurt you. 很清楚我不想伤害你。 mean doing sth 意味着做某事 Missing the train means waiting for one more hour. 错过火车意味着再等一个小时。 meaning (n)意思是 What’s the meaning of this word? 16 be used to doing sth. Mary is used to getting up early in the morning. 17 run out用完,用尽 (主语是物) When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. run out of ….. (主语是人) 用尽了…. 18 take a risk=take risks 冒险 19 importance n. 重要(性), important adj.重要的,unimportant adj.不重要的 20 decision 【名词】决定;抉择; make a decision 做决定 ; make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。 21. be in the control of …掌管,管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. 22. give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事, give up (playing) computer games; 23 die (v) 死 dead (adj) 死的 death (n) 死 dying (adj) 垂死的 临终的 24 be ready to do st准备做某事 25 keep sb/sth+adj 使某人或某物保持… Keep us warm. 使得我们暖和 keep(on)doing sth 继续,坚持做某事 Keep working hard,and you will succeed. keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事 keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事 You shouldn’t keep him from reading books. Keep away from 远离 26 see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 see sb do sth 看见某人做过某事 27 tell sb (not )to do sth 叫某人做某事 tell sb (about) sth 告诉某人某事 tell of讲诉 反身代词 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves herself 第三人称 himself themselves itself Unit 2 一、基本知识点 1. cheer (sb.) up(让某人)变得高兴;振奋起来The good news cheered up everyone in our class. 2. give out分发;散发,=hand out The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers. give away 捐赠,泄露 3. volunteer 【名词】志愿者 【动词】义务做,自愿做(某事)volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 , 4. used to do sth.过去(常)做某事/过去常常是..., There used to be a cinema here. 这里曾有一个照相机。 They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他们告诉我关于这里过去的故事。 5 alone (adj)独自的 Bob is alone at home now. (adv) 单独地 I often go to school alone. lonely(adj) (感到)孤独的 A lot of old people are lonely. 6 care about 关心,在乎 I don’t care about what he does.我不关心他所做的。 take care 当心,小心=be careful care for 照顾 take care of 照料,照顾= look after take care (not) to do sth当心(不)做某事 7 take after意为“(外貌、行为等方面)与…相似”,be similar to也有此意。 look like也有“相像”之意,但 只指在外貌上与……相像 be like“像”多指性格方面相似 8 with the help of =with one’s help 在…的帮助下 help sb(to)do sth=help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 can’t help doing sth 情不自禁干某事 help yourself to… 随便吃… help sb out帮助,解决难题,摆脱困境 helpful(adj)有帮助的 helpless(adj)无助的 9 satisfaction (n)满意 I have a feeling of satisfaction. satisfy (v)使满意 satisfied (adj) 感到满意的 satisfying (adj)令人满意的 10 . try out for…参加…选拔,争取成为… try out试用,试验 try on 试穿 11 raise【动词】举起;提高;募集 raise money集资,筹钱; raise money for…为……筹钱 12 make a difference to…对……有影响;对……有作用 difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修饰,如 The rain made no difference to the game. Hard-working makes much difference to study. 13 train【动词】训练, trained(adj)意为“受过训练的”a trained dog 【名词】火车 14. be excited about sth. 对......感到兴奋 ,Everyone is excited about the good news. excited (adj)兴奋的,(修饰人);exciting (adj) 令人兴奋/激动的,(修饰物) 15. order【名词】命令,指示; follow the order 【动词】订购;点(菜) 16. change【动词】变化,改变 【名词】变化;零钱 17 repair 【动词】修理,修补; fix【动词】安装;使固定 fix up修理=repair set up 建立,建成 call up 打电话 hang out闲逛 go on a journey 去旅游 work out 算出 产生结果 at the same time 同时 18 be worried about sb/sth= worry aboutsb/sth担心某人某事 I ‘m worried about your safety.我担心你的安全。=I worry about your safety. 19 make it possible for sb to do sth 使得某人有可能 20 be free to do sth有空做某事 21 be strong in....在....方面很强 Unit3 Could you please clean your room? 1 Could you please do sth ?请你(做)......好吗? Could 不是can的过去式,是委婉、礼貌的说法。 肯定回答:Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem. 否定回答: Sorry , I can’t 2、take out 取出(v+ adv) 【注】: 跟代词做宾语,代词放中间; His teeth hurt badly. The dentist take them out . 3 take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走,取走 do the dishes 洗碗 fold your clothes 叠你的衣服 sweep the floor扫地 clean the living room 打扫卧室 4 Please write to me the minute you get there. the minute = as soon as “一...... 就......” 【注意】有the无the区别大: at table 吃饭;进餐 in hospital 住院 at the table 在桌边 in the hospital 在医院(不一定看病) 5 come over 过来 come back 回来 come up with想出 come true实现 come down下来 come from=be from来自,出生于 come in/into进入,进来 come on赶快,加油 come up上来 come out出来,(花)开,(照片)冲洗出来 6. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! 你总是看电视,从不帮忙做家务! all the time = always 一直;总是 7 I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你一样累! 【解析】as...as ... 和......一样...... 8 neither:“两者都不”; 作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式 Neither of his parents is a doctor. 他的父母都不是医生。 neither…nor 既不……也不,谓语动词跟最近的主语一致 Neither he nor I am from Beijing. Neither Tom nor Jim is a student both: “两者都”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 Both of his parents are doctors. 他的父母都是医生。 both ... and ...既…又… 连接主语时,谓语动词用复数形式; 9 For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I. 一周的时间,她不做任何家务,我也不做。 【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语 “某人 也不” The first one wasn’t bad. — Neither was the second. 10 把…借出给某人 lend sb. sth. = lend sth.to sb. 如: Lily lent me her book. == Lily lent her book to me . 从…借进 borrow sb. sth. =borrow sth. from sb. 11 in surprise 惊奇地;吃惊地 surprise v 使吃惊 surprising adj. 令人吃惊的 surprised adj. 吃惊的 to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 12 share 分享;共用 share sth with sb. 与某人分享某物 13 Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗? 【解析】hang out 闲逛 hang up 把......悬挂/挂起 14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗? 【解析】pass 1)给;递; pass sb.sth 把某物递给某 Pass on 传递 Please pass the paper on to the other students. 2)通过;路过 I pass your home. 3) v 通过(考试) ;及格 Tom can pass his math exam. 15 I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。 hate to do sth 讨厌做某事 16 短语 含义 ask sb. to do sth 请某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth 不让某人做某事 ask sb for sth 向某人要某物 ask for help 寻求帮助 ask for 请求,要某物 17 I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. 当你帮我洗盘子的时候,我将完成我的家庭作业。 finish doing sth 完成某事 while conj. “在……期间; 当……的时候” 18 Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗? 【解析】invite v invitation n邀请 (1) invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事 (2)invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地 19 Housework is a waste of their time. 做家务是在浪费他们的时间。 【解析】a waste of 浪费 a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money 浪费金钱 20 in order to do sth 为了做某事 21. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。 【解析】provide v 提供 provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb供应某人某物 22 And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 无论如何,我认为做家务并不那么难。 【解析】anyway 无论如何, (一般放在句首,用逗号和句子隔开) 23 Children these days depend on their parents too much. 现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。 【解析】depend on 依靠;信赖 24 Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. 每个人都有责任保持家里的干净和整洁。 【解析1】 do one’s part 尽职责;尽本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上尽职责 【解析2】keep +sth /sb. +adj. “使......处于某种状态” keep 系动词 “保持” keep + adj . We must keep healthy. 实义动词 “保持;继续” keep(on)doing sth 继续,坚持做某事 Keep working hard,and you will succeed. keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事 25. Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. 做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教 他们如何照顾自己。 【解析】develop independence 培养独立意识 develop (v) development n 发展 developing adj. 发展的 developed adj. 发达的 a developing country 一个发展中国家 a developed country 一个发达国家 26. Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他们和父母同住在一个房子里,他们应该知道保持家里干净、整洁每个人都应该参与。 【解析】since conj. 既然 27. As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped. 结果,他常常生病,功课也落下了。 【解析1】as a result 结果 fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入睡 throw down 扔下 do chores 做家物 get a ride搭顺风车 Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents? 1 Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你打的父母谈谈呢? Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 为什么不......呢? 【拓展】用于提建议的句型有: (1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? ….怎么样? (2)Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不做...呢? (3)Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。 (4) you’d better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事 (6)Would /could you please do sth 请你做…好吗? (7) Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗? (8)Would you mind doing sth?你介意做某事吗? 【回答】 (1). 同意对方的建议时,一般用: Good idea./ That’s good idea. 好主意 OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了 Yes, please ./ I’d love to 是的/ 我愿意 I agree with you 我同意你的看法 No problem 没问题 Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以 Yes, I think so 对,我也这样想 (2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时,一般用: I don’t think so 我认为不是这样 Sorry, I can’t 对不起,我不能 I’d love to, but… I’m afraid…我愿意,但恐怕…2 My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends. 我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。 allow doing sth 允许做某事 They don’t allow smoking. allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事 My mother allows me to watch TV. be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 ①We don’t allow _(smoke) in the reading room. ②Our teacher allows us _(go) out for a walk. ③The boy should be allowed_(play) after supper. ④We won’t allow _in the cinema .But you are allowed _in the rest room.(smoke) ⑤Teenagers should _ (allow) to choose their own clothes. 3 Yes, but I’m still angry with her. 是的,但是我仍然很生她的气。 be angry with sb. 生某人的气 【拓展】angry adj. 生气的 angrily adv. 生气地 (1)be angry with sb. (2)be angry at/about sth对某事感到生气 【at后接事】 (3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气 4 .Although she’s wrong, It’s not a big deal. 尽管她错了,但也不是什么大错。 although= though 尽管 , 用来引导让步状语从句。 though / although 不能与but连用 It’s not a big deal. 没什么大不了;不是什么大事(常用于口语中) 5 You left your homework at home. 你把作业忘在家里了。 leave v 遗忘,留下 leave sth+地点 .把某物忘在某地 eg:She always leaves her keys at home. leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下 6 Hope things work out. 希望事情顺利解决。 hope ( v )希望 hope to do sth I hope to visit Guilin. hope + that 从句 (表示希望) I hope that you’ll be better soon wish v 希望 wish to do sth I wish to visit Guilin. wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go. wish +that 从句 表示愿望,从句用虚拟语气 I wish I were you. 7 My problem is I can’t get on with my favorite. 我的问题是我不能喝我的家人和睦相处。 get on with sb. 和某人和睦相处;和某人关系良好 =get along with get on well/ badly with 相处的好/坏 8 When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.当他们争吵的时候,就像有一大团乌云笼罩在我们家。 argue 争吵 argument n 争论 have an argument with sb.与某人辩论 argue with sb. 与某人争吵 argue with sb. about sth 为某事与某人争吵 argue about sth 争论某事 argue against 争辩;反对 He argued against the plan hang over 挂在......之上; 悬浮在......之上 hang out 闲逛;常去某处 He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop. 9 Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me. be nice to sb. 对某人友好 be friendly to sb. be good to sb. 10 .He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. 他总是拒绝让我看我最喜欢的电视节目。 refuse to do sth拒绝去做某事 11 Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反,他却想看什么就看什么, 一直到深夜。 instead (副词)代替,反而,替 instead of (介词短语)+n/doing 代替,而不是,放在句中 She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didn’t call him. She wrote to him instead. 她没有给他打电话,而是给他写了封信。 12 .If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. 如果你的父母有问题,你应该主动提供帮助。 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 offer sb. sth= offer sth to sb. 主动提供给某人某物 13 Secondly,why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother? 其次,你为什么不能坐下来和你的哥哥交流一下呢? secondly adv.第二;其次 14 communicate (v)交流 communication (n) 交流;沟通 communicate with sb. 和某人交流 They communicate with each other by QQ. 15 You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time. 你应该跟他解释说你并不介意他一直看电视。 explain 解释;说明 explanation n 解释;说明 explain sth to sb. 向某人解释某事。 explain to sb sth给某人解释某事 16. I’m worried about my school grades. 我很胆小我的学习成绩。 be worried about sth. 担心某事 【拓展】worry v 担心 worried adj. 焦急的 worry about = be worried about 为……担心 Don’t be _(worry). You’ll catch up with others. Don’t _ about things so much. It will make you stressed out. A afraid B. worry C. worried D. Terrified 17 .My cousin borrows my things without returning them.我堂弟借我东西没有还我。 return (v) 归还=give back return ... to ... = give back to ... 把......还给...... v 回来;返回 = come back He borrowed my iphone 4 and didn’t _(归还) it to me. 18 .My parents give me a lot of presure about school.我父母在学习上给了我很多压力。 press v 按;压 pressure压力 ⑴不可数名词 压力air pressure 气压 blood pressure 血压 ⑵不可数名词 还可指精神上、外界施加的压力 = stress under pressure 在压力下 19.I have to compete with my classmates at school.在学校我不得不和我的同学们竞争。 compete v竞争;对抗 competition n 竞争 compete with sb. 和某人竞争compete against/ with 与……竞争 20 improve 改进 improvement n 提高 21 .Who gives their opinions about the problem? 对于这个问题都有谁提出了他们自己的观点。 opinion n 意见;想法;看法 in one’s opinion 以某人的观点;在某人看来 22 These days , Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes .目前,中国的孩子有时周末比平常还要忙,因为他们不得不上那么多的课后辅导班。 some time /sometime/some times/sometimes 【口诀】:分开是一段, 合起是某时; 分开s 是倍次,合起s是有时 (1) some time一段时间,做时间状语 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 (2) sometime adv 在某个时候, (3) some times 名词词组,“几次,几倍” Mr. Green went to Sanya some times last summer. (4)sometimes=at times 有时 (一般现在时的标志词) ( ) I hope to visit the USA _ in the future. A. sometimes B. some times C. sometime D. some time 24.The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一个典型的美国之家。 The Taylors 泰勒一家 。 在姓氏的复数前加冠词the表示“全家人或夫妻两人”,使用时注意主语和谓语保持一致。The Blacks are getting ready for the holiday. typical 典型的 25 . Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children’s future. 或许我可以减少他们的一些活动, 但是我相信这些活动对孩子们的未来很重要。 【解析】cut out 删除;删去 (v+adv) You’d better cut out that sentence. cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cut in 插队 cut off 切断(水、电)供应 26 . I really want them to be successful. 我真的很想他们成功。 【解析】 succeed v 成功,达到 success n 成功 successful adj 成功的 successfully adv成功地 succeed in doing sth 27 .It’s time for homework.该写作业了。 【解析】It’s time for sth 是到做某事的时候了。It’s time for lunch. It’s time to do sth It’s time to go to school. 28 Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes. 妈妈们把她们的小孩子送去各种各样的辅导班。 【解析1】send sent sent v 发送 send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送给某人某物 29 ..Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too. 孩子们也应该有时间放松和独立思考。 【解析】have time to do sth 有时间做某事 ( ) Do you have time _ this game with us? A. to play B. play C. playing D. played 30 And they are always comparing them with other children.她们总是把自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比较。 【解析】compare .. with ... 将...和... 比较 (1)compare…with… 把……与…..做比较 (2) compare…to… 把…..比做…… 【解析】crazy. adj. 不理智的;疯狂的 (在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语) be crazy about 对……着迷;热衷于…… I’m crazy about football. 31 look through 浏览 Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 一.基础知识讲解. What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm?昨天当暴风雨来临的时候人们正在做些什么? 过去进行时态 1 .用法:①过去某个时间正在发生的动作 He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点,他正在做饭。 ②过去某段时间正在发生的动作 I was staying here from March to May last year.去年从3月到5月,我一直呆在这里。 ⑵ .与过去进行时连用的时间状语,常见的有 at nine last night/ at that time= then/at this time yesterday / 或有when the teacher came in/ while he was reading的提示 ⑵ 过去进行时的构成:was\were +v.ing 请比较 He watched TV last night. (过去时间last night, 用一般过去时) He was watching TV at nine last night. (过去时间last night+点时间at nine, 用过去进行时) 【解析2】 at the time of 在...... 的时候 (常用于过去进行时) 【解析3】rainstorm n 暴风雨 raincoat 雨衣 raindrop雨滴 2. My alarm didn’t go off so I woke up late. 我的闹钟没有响,因此我_晚了。 【解析1】alarm n 闹钟 an alarm clock 一个闹钟 【解析2】go off 发出响声, (闹钟)闹响 ,离开 【短语】 go over 复习 go away 离开 消失 go by (时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步 3 【解析】 在很大程度上 heavy adj. 沉重的 How heavy are you? heavily adv 沉重地 在很大程度上 The army lost heavily 形容风大的时候常用strong/hard, 形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard 【2013漳州】18. The sun is shining _ . You'd better wear sunglasses while you are out. A. brightly B. lightly C. heavily 【2013黔西南】121. Sometimes it rains _in Guizhou in summer . A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly 【注】heavy改y为i +ly 变为adv ,类似的adj还有: hungry 饥饿的 hungrily happy 快乐的 happily angry 生气的 angrily lucky 幸运的 luckily 4. I ran to the bus stop but I still missed the bus. 我_ 向公共汽车站但还是错过了公共汽车。 【解析】miss v ①错过 (后接名词、代词或动词ing) Be quick! Or you will miss the early bus. ②想念;思念 ③ n 用于姓名或姓之前,是对未婚女子的称呼,但首字母要大写,“小姐;女生” 5【解析】pick up 接电话 pick up 接电话 Tom, I called you, but you didn’t pick up 捡起;拾起 I pick up a wallet on my way home (开车)接某人 I will pick you up at the station 6 With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮, 让人感觉这是在午夜。 【解析】feel like感觉像 feel like doing sth = would like/want to do sth想要做某事 7 The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.电视新闻报道,这个地区有一场大暴雨。 【解析】report v 报道 reporter n 记者 make a report 做报告 weather report 天气预报give a report 作报告 It’s reported that… 据报道 8.Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working . 本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面,而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。 【解析1】while当......的时候 (引导时间状语从句,从句用过去进行时,主从句的动作同时发生。且谓语动词需用延续性动词) when (引导时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,主从句的动作可同时发生,也可先后发生) 【解析2】make sure确信; 确保 make sure to do sth Please make sure to turn off the computer when you leave 【解析3】work 运转;发挥作用 9 Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. 当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候,本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。 【解析1】.beat打败(某人)与win(赢得比赛) beat+人 win+比赛 We beat them yesterday. Which team won the football match? 哪个对赢了那场足球赛? 【解析3】 against ⑴表示“反对”,其反义词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”,一般用副词 strongly: Are you for or against the plan? 你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对 2 “靠着”、“顶着”、等: The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。 He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上 10. Ben could not sleep at first. 起初,本睡不着。 【解析】 at first 首先;最初 【拓展】(1) at first = at the beginning 最初,开始 11 He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m在大约凌晨三点逐渐减弱的时候,本终于睡着了。 fall asleep 进入梦乡;睡着 【解析2】 die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失 12. When he woke up. the sun was rising 当他醒来的时候,太阳已经升起来了。 【解析1】wake up (v+ adv) 醒来;睡醒 ;13 Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere.到处都是倒下的树,破碎的窗户和垃圾。 【解析1】过去分词做定语相当于形容词 fallen leaves 落叶 14 What event happened at the school yesterday?昨天学校发生了什么事? 【解析】 happen 发生;碰巧(指偶然性发生) sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上What happened to you?=What was wrong with him? sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 She happened _(be) out when we called. (2)take place 发生,指事情有计划有安排地发生The sports meeting took place in our school last week. (3) It happened that…碰巧 ( ) ① An accident _ at the school gate this morning. A. happened B .happened to C. took place D. took places ( ) ②What happened _ the boy? A. with B. to C. at D. on ( ) ③A serious bike accident _ her , and she was badly hurt. A. happened to B. was happened to C. was happing D. was happen 15 When the school basketball competition started, Kate was still making her way to school. 当学校篮球比赛开始的时候,凯特还在去学校的路上。 【解析】 make one’s way to … 在某人去……的路上(当后接地点副词时,应省略介词to) ( ) I’ll make my way _ home now. A. to B. / C. at D. on 16. We were completely surprised! 我们完全震惊了! 【解析】complete v 完成 adj. 完整的 completely 彻底地;完全地 17.My parents did not talk after that , and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.之后我的父母没再讲话,我们在沉默中吃完了晚饭。 【解析】 the rest of … “其余的,剩下的” School closed for the day, and Robert and his friends walked home in silence. 学校停课一天,罗柏特和他的朋友们沉默地走回了家。 【解析】silence n 沉默 silent 沉默;缄默;无声 in silence 沉默地、无声地 = silently keep silent 保持沉默 【解析2】take down 拆掉;拆毁 【解析3】terror n 恐怖 terrorist 恐怖分子 【拓展】 art n 艺术 artist n艺术家 science n 科学 scientist 科学家 piano n 钢琴 pianist n 钢琴家 18 Robert and his friends were surprised to hear the news. 罗柏特和他的朋友们听到这则消息感到很吃惊。 【解析1】be surprised to do sth 做某事很吃惊 【拓展】surprise v 使吃惊 surprising adj. 令人吃惊的 surprised adj. 吃惊的 to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对……感到吃惊 【解析2】hear的用法 hear意为“听见”,强调听的结果。 【结构】:hear sb. do sth听见某人做某事; hear sb. doing sth听见某人正在做某事 We can often hear some children play on the playground.我们经常能听见一些孩子在操场上玩耍。 I heard my sister singing an English song in her room when I came back.当我回来时,我听见我的姐姐正在她的房间里唱一支英文歌。 19 Kate didn’t think her friend was telling the truth about the event. 凯特认为对于这次事件她朋友没有说出真相。 【解析】true adj. 真的 truly adv. 真地 truth 实情;事实tell the truth n. 真相 20 I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.后来由于害怕我无法清晰地思考。 【解析】trouble n 困难; 苦恼; 忧虑 1)in trouble 处于困境中 get sb. into trouble 使某人陷入困境 2)have trouble (in)doing sth 做某事有麻烦 have problem /difficulty/fun (in) doing sth 做某事有问题/困难/乐趣 21 in a mess 一团糟 break…apart 毁坏 in times of difficulty 在困难时期 in bad shape变形 By the side of在…的旁边 have meaning to sb对某人有意义 mean something to sb 对某人意味着某事 as well 也 help with 再某方面帮忙 Unit6 An old man tried to move the mountains. 语法难点 1 unless引导条件状语从句 unless “除非,”如果…不…如果主句是一般将来时,祈使句或含有情态动词的句子,则从句用一般现在时表将来: They will go tomorrow unless it rains. Unless we do,we won’t find our way out. as soon as引导时间状语从句。 “一……就” 如果主句是一般将来时,祈使句或含有情态动词的句子,则从句用一般现在时表将来: I’ll write to you as soon as I get there. Let ‘s start as soon as he comes. You must stop talking as soon as the teacher come in 2. so.......that引导结果状语从句 so+adj./adv.+that从句…(如此…以致) such++(a/an )+adj./adv+that从句…(如此…以致) It was such bad weather yesterday that I had to stay at home. This is such a good book that we all like it very much. 3 How does the story begin? 故事是怎么发生的? 【解析】begin (过去式 began )v 开始 beginning n 开始 at the beginning of 在……开始 【拓展】begin to do sth/ doing sth 开始做某事 Li Yundi _(begin) to play the piano at the age of 4. 4 A man saw Yu Gong and his (children/family) when they were working on moving the mountains. 一个人看到愚公和他的(孩子们/ 家人)的时候,他们正在努力地移山。 【解析】work on 忙于; 从事 — Could I borrow your computer, Bob? — Sorry, I am _it. A. taking out B. turning on C. working on 【拓展】work 短语总结: work on 从事 He is working on a new novel. work for 为……做事 Would you like to work for the company? work as 作为……工作 My sister worked as an actress. work out 解决;算出 I worked out the math problem. ( ) The builders are working _ building a great building although it’s so hot today. A. on B. to C. as D. out 5 Finally , a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent (two/three) gods to take the mountains away.最后,神被愚公的精神感动了,派了(两/三个) 神把山移走了。 【解析】 take away 把……带走 This story reminds us that you can never (know / see) what’s possible unless you try to make it happen.这个故事提醒我们如果你不尽力去做就不会(知道/ 看见) 什么是可能的。 【解析1】remind 提醒;使想起 【拓展】remind v 使记住 【记】re+ mind remind (1) remind of 提醒,使记起 (2) remind sb. of sth 使某人记起某事 (3) remind sb. to do sth提醒某人去做某事 (4) remind sb. + that从句 ①Don’t worry, I’ll remind you_(get )up early. ( ) Action movies _me of Jackie Chan, A. remind B. think C. hear D. miss ( )I like these photos and they can _ me _ the life living in the countryside. A. think; of B. remind ;of C. let; down D. wake; up 6. So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong? 你们认为愚公移山的故事怎么样? 【解析】What do you think about … ? “你认为……怎么样?” = What do you think of …? = How do you like …? (用来询问对方对某人或某事的看法和观点) What do you think about the new film? 短语 含义 接代词时位置 think about 考虑,思考 代词放在其后 I’ll think about it and call you back soon. think over 仔细思考 代词放在中间 I have to think it over carefully before I make a decision. think of 想出 I can’t think of his name right now 7.Yu Gong found a good way to solve his problem. 愚公找到了一个解决他的问题的好办法。 【解析1】a good way to do sth. 一个做某事的办法 ( ) She is very clever and she can always think of good ways _ the problem. A. to solve B. solve C. solving D. solved 【解析2】solve v 解决 solution n 解决的办法 solve 常与problem 搭配,表示“解决问题”,且问题难度大。 Can you help me solve the problem? answer 常与question搭配,表示“回答问题”, 问题难度小。 It’s your turn to answer my question. ( ) In class Miss Li asked me to _ a question. A. solve B. answer C. solving D. answered 8.But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard! 但是这个故事是想告诉我们只有你努力,凡事皆有可能。 【解析】show 告诉;阐明;展示;给……看 9. But what could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains? 但是如果愚公不移山,他能做些什么呢? 【解析】instead of 代替;反而instead 副词,代替, 放在句末 instead of +n/doing 代替,而不是,放在句中 10. You have different opinions about the story, and neither of you are wrong. 对于这个故事,你们有不同的观点,你们都没有错。 【解析】neither 两者都不(反)both两者都 “neither of +名词复数” 作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式 Neither of them is right. neither… nor … “既不… 也不……” ,连接两个词做主语,谓语动词遵循就近原则。 Neither I nor she knows the matter. He speaks _English _French. Instead, he speaks German. A. either; or B not only; but also C both; and D neither; nor I have two sisters, but_ of them is a teacher. A. all B. neither C. both D. none 若要表达“…也不……” 则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主” ( ) ①—The first one wasn’t bad. — _ . A. So wasn’t the second B. So the second was C. Neither wasn’t the second D. Neither was the second ( )②– I don’t like rainy days. — _. Rainy days always make me sad. A. Neither do I B. So do I C. Neither I do D. So I do 11 .In November 1979 ,pupils in England were able to watch a new TV program called Monkey. 1979年11月,英国的学生能够看一个叫《猴子》的新的电视节目。 【解析1】be able to “能够” ,后接动词原形,强调通过努力而获得的能力,可以用于各种时态。 He is / was / will be able to help you. ( ) She _ dance when she was five years old. A. are able to B. were able to C. is able to D. was able to can “能,会”,强调自身的能力,只用于一般现在时或一般过去时。 I could help you last night, but you didn’t come. 【解析2】called 被称为called=named a boy called Tom I like to listen to the song _(call) Yu Gong Moves a Mountain. 12 The story says that once upon a time there was a magic rock.故事讲的是从前有一块魔法石。 【解析】once upon a time= long long ago 从前 (常用于故事的开头) 13. But unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person. 但是,除非他把自己的尾巴藏起来,否则他不能把自己变成人。 【解析1】hide 隐藏;躲藏 【解析2】 turn … into … 把……变成……;把……译成…… 1 .And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago, Western children became interested in reading this story because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never gives up . 14 多年前,这个电视节目开播的时候,西方的孩子就对这个故事产生了兴趣,因为聪明的猴王通过不断斗争来帮助弱者,并且从不放弃。 【解析】come out ⑴出版;发行 When does the new book come out ? ⑵开花;出来;出现;披露 Some flowers have begun to come out in early spring. 【解析】more than = over 超过;多于(反)less than 少于 no more than 不只是;不仅仅是 not more than 至多;不超过 【解析】 western 西方的 east eastern adj. 东方的 west western adj.西方的 south southern adj.南方的 north northern adj.北方的 eastern part 东部地区 【解析】the +形容词 表示一类人,the weak 弱者 作主语时,谓语动词用复数。 15. As soon as the prince saw her , he fell in love with her.王子一看到她, 就爱上她了。 【解析】fall in love with 爱上 ( ) They fell _ love _ each other at the first sight. A. on; with B. in; with C. of ; with D. for; of 16. The prince knew that unless the girl’s foot could fit the shoe, it was the right girl. 王子知道,除非一个女孩的脚能穿上这只鞋,否则她就不是那个他要找的女孩。 【解析】fit 适合,合身 suit 合适 侧重指颜色、款式或时间,食物、状况等适合 fit 适合 侧重指大小、尺寸合体。 The shoes suit you well.这双鞋子适合你(侧重颜色、款式适合) The shoes fit you well. (侧重大小合脚) ( ) ① It’s difficult to find a time that _ everybody. A. suits B. fit C. suitable D. to fit ( ) ②The color of your trousers doesn’t _ your jacket. A. suit B. fit C. like D. as ( )③ — Let’s go to the concert together. — I’m sorry , but I can’t go with you. The concert _ me. A. fit B. suit C. doesn’t D. doesn’t suit 17 The new couple were so happy that they couldn’t stop smiling when they got married. 这对新婚夫妇很高兴, 以至于当他们结婚的时候,他们止不住地笑。 【解析1】couple 一对; the couple 夫妻二人 (谓语动词通常用复数) The young couple are quarreling with each other. 【解析2】can’t stop doing sth= can’t help doing sth忍不住做某事 【拓展】marry v嫁娶 表示嫁给(某人);或娶了某人用marry sb eg;John is going to marry Jane. get married(to sb)结婚(是非延续动词)不能与时间段连用 eg:His uncle will get married next month. be married(to sb)结婚(是延续性词组)能与时间段连用 eg:We have been married for ten years. John was married to Jane for ten years. marry sb to sb把某人嫁给某人 John was married to Jane for ten years. married为marry的过去分词可用做形容词 意为“已婚的” Catherine got married _ a policeman twenty years ago. A. with B. for C. to D. / He _ for ten years. A. has been married B. married C. got married D. has married 18 Two brothers came to the city to make special clothes for the emperor. 两兄弟来到这个城市给国外编织特别的衣服。 【解析】make sth. for sb.为某人制作某物 = make sb. sth I make a cake for my daughter. ( ) On Mother’s Day , she usually makes a card _ her mother. A. for B. to C. with D. by Gretel heard this, and Hansel made a plan to save himself and his sister. 格雷特听到这个,韩塞尔制定了一个计划来救自己和他的妹妹。 【解析】 make a plan to do sth 制定计划去做某事 【拓展】plan planning planned v/n 计划 【注意】plan 的过去式,过去分词,现在分词都要双写n make a plan for 为……制定计划 plan to do sth 计划做某事 ( ) We have been planning _ a bridge. A. build B. to build C. building D. to building 【解析2】be lost 迷路 He was lost 他迷路了。 It’s leading us to that wonderful house made of bread , cake and sugar. 引导我们到一个用面包、蛋糕和糖做成的漂亮的房子里。 【解析1】lead 带路;领路 19 lead to 导致......, 通向...... All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 lead sb. to do sth 带领某人做某事 The teachers lead us to study hard. 老师引导我们努力学习。 【解析2】 be made of 由……制成 make v 制作,做 20. The next day , the wife sent the children to the forest.第二天,妻子把孩子送到了森林里。 【解析】send sb. to +地点 将某人送到某地 send sent sent v 发送 【短语】: send away 赶走 send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送给某人某物 21 . Just keep walking. 一直往前走。 【解析】keep doing sth 一直做某事 22 leave (v)离开;遗留 leave sb sth 给某人留下某物 leave sb to do sth 留下/让某人做某事 短语:fairy tale 童话 never mind不要紧 find one’s way out 找到出路 Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world? 1. The elephant weights many times more than this panda. 这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。 【解析1】weigh v 称……的重量 weight n 重量 【记】 She weighs herself every day and wants to lose weight. 1) A