Unit 8 Section 4 Language Practice-Grammar（PPT课件+Word版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年中职英语拓展模块同步教案（高教版2023）

Section 4　Language Practice—Grammar 状 语 从 句 一、时间状语从句 常用引导词： when(在……时)，as(当……时)，while(在……期间)，as soon as(一……就……)，before(在……之前)，after(在……之后)，since(自从……以来)，not...until(直到……才)until/till(直到……时)等。 特殊引导词： the minute，the moment，the second，every time，the day，the instant(瞬间，顷刻)，immediately，directly(不久，立即)，no sooner...than(一……就……)，hardly...when(刚一……就……)，scarcely...when(刚……就……/一……就……)。 时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思不尽相同，要注意把握不同引导词所表示的不同时间关系，以及它在具体句子中对应的时态、语态等问题。 1.while，when和as引导的时间状语从句 (1)While my mother was reading the newspaper，I was watching TV. 我的妈妈读报时，我在看电视。 (read是延续性的动词，read和watch同时发生) 注意：while有时还可以表示对比关系。 I like playing football while you like playing basketball. 我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。(对比) (2)when(当……的时候)，引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。从句动作可与主语动作同时发生，也可在其后发生。 I was reading a book when she came into my room. 当她进入我的房间时我正在读书。 (come是瞬间动词，只能用when引导，不能用while) I often missed my home when(while)I lived in New York. 当我在纽约居住时常想家。 (live是延续性动词，when可用while代替) (3)when和while的区别还在于：while引导的时间状语从句多用于进行时态，而when引导的时间状语从句多用于一般时态。 While they were talking，the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。 (4)as译作“一边……一边” “随着……”，侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。有时可与when，while通用。 We always sing as we walk. 我们总是边走边唱。(as表示“一边……一边”) As you grow，you will know more and more. 随着年龄的增长，你会懂得越来越多。 2.till或until引导的时间状语从句 till，until(直到……才)：一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。till不可以在句首，而until可以放在句首。 注意：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。 I didn't go to bed until (till) my father came back. 直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。(go to bed是瞬间动词，主句用否定形式) I worked until he came back. 我工作到他回来为止。 I didn't work until he came back. 他回来我这才开始工作。 Please wait until I arrived. 在我到达之前等我。 3.since引导的时间状语从句 since(自从)：引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，也可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is＋时间＋since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。 I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来，我一直在北京。 Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了？ It is five months since our boss was in Beijing. 我们老板离开北京有五个月了。 4.由before和after引导的时间状语从句 (1)before(在……之前)：引导的从句不再用否定的谓语。 (2)当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时。则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。 (3)after(在……之后)：表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。如果主句用的是过去时，则从句多用过去完成时。 It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。 My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。 After we had finished the work，we went home. 完成工作之后，我们回家了。(从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时) 5.由as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the instant，the minute，等引导的时间状语从句：这些连词都表示“一……就”。 I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。 The moment I heard the news，I went to the school. 我一听到消息，马上赶到了学校。 As soon as I reach Canada，I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。 注意：hardly...when，no sooner...than 相当于 as soon as 之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时态。当hardly和 no sooner 位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。 Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in. 我刚坐下，他就进来了。 二、原因状语从句 原因状语从句表原因，常见的引导词有：because(因为)，since(既然)，as(既然)，for(因为) 1.because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，because表示直接原因，语气最强，回答why引导的疑问句必须使用because。 I do it because I like it. 我做是因为我喜欢。 —Why didn't he come yesterday? ——他昨天为什么没来？ —Because he had something important to do. ——因为他有重要的事要做。 2.since引导的原因状语从句一般位于主句之前，表示已知的、显然的理由。通常被翻译成“既然”，较为正式，语气比because弱。 Since you are free today，you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你休息，你最好帮我补习数学。 3.as引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”，语气比since弱，较正式，位置较灵活，常放于主句之前。 As it is raining，you'd better take a taxi. 既然在下雨，你最好乘出租汽车。 4.for引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明，for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。 He could not have seen me，for I was not there. 他不可能见过我，因为我不在那里。 三、条件状语从句 引导条件句常用的连词有if(如果)，unless(如果不，除非)等，条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，表示将来要用一般现在时态。 We won't let you in unless you show your pass. 除非你出示通行证，否则我们不会让你进去。 If you fail again this time，what will you do? 如果这次你又失败了，你会怎么办？ (1)if引导的条件状语从句表示将来时，要用一般现在时代替，主句仍使用一般将来时态。 (2)将if引导的宾语从句和状语从句进行混淆考查，宾语从句中的if表示“是否”，可以使用一般将来时。 四、让步状语从句 让步状语从句表示“虽然，即使，尽管”。引导词有although，though，even though，even if 都表示“虽然，即使，尽管”之意。主句中不能用but，但可用yet。 though 和 although 语气较弱(其中的 though 比 although 通俗，不如 although 正式)，even if 和 even though 带有强调意味而显得语气更强。 Although they are poor，they are happy yet. 虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。 The article is very important though it is short. 那篇文章虽然很短，但很重要。 Even though it was raining，she walked to work. 即使下雨，她也是走着去工作的。 I'll visit him this evening even if I can stay only a few minutes. 今晚我将去拜访他，即使我只能停留一小会儿。 注意：though 引导的让步状语从句的用法比较特殊，它可以倒装，也可以不倒装。 五、地点状语从句 地点状语从句常由 where 和 wherever 引导，通常可置于主句之前或之后。 We should go where(ver) we are most needed. 我们要去最需要我们的地方。 Where there is a will，there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 六、目的状语从句 目的状语从句通常由 so that，in order that 引导，所引导的从句通常放在主句后面。目的状语从句中的谓语常含有may(might)，can(could)，shall，will 等情态动词。 He always takes a seat in the first row so that/in order that he can hear better. ＝In order that he can hear better，he always takes a seat in the first row. 为了听得更清楚，他总是坐前排的座位。 七、结果状语从句 结果状语从句常由 so that，so...that，such...that 等引导，放在主句之后，so...that 与 such...that 句型在一定条件下可转换。 He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him. ＝He made so excellent a speech that everyone admired him. 他的演讲如此精彩以至于每个人都很钦佩他。 注意：so that 引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句的辨别： so that 从句之前有个逗号的常为结果状语从句，因表示某一行为带来的结果，从句中的时态常为过去式； so that 从句中有 may(might)，can(could)等情态动词的通常是目的状语从句。 I wrote as clearly as possible，so that I got high marks.(目的) 我尽可能地写清楚些，这样可以得高分。 He went to the lecture early so that he could get a good seat.(目的) 他很早就去听报告了，以便可以找到一个好座位。 He went to the lecture early，so that he got a good seat.(结果) 他很早就去听报告了，这样他就找到一个好座位。 八、比较状语从句 (1)比较状语从句常由as...as，not so(as)...as，than引导。比较从句部分常为省略句。 His brother is as handsome as he(is)/him. (非正式英语中可用宾格him) 他弟弟和他一样英俊。 He swims faster than any other student in his class(does). 他比班上其他任何人都游得快。 (2)通常把the more...the more...结构也归为比较从句，意为：“越……越……”。 The harder you work，the greater progress you'll make. 你越努力学习，就会取得越大的进步。 The less she worried，the better she worked. 她担心得越少，就工作得越好。 九、方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由 as，(just) as...so...，as if，as though 引导。 (1)as，(just) as...so...引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在 (just) as...so... 结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是正如……，就像，多用于正式文体。 Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。 As water is to fish，so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。 Just as we sweep our rooms，so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 (2)as if，as though 两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作“仿佛……似的，好像……似的”。 They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。(与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。) He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. 他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。) It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。) 说明：as if/as though 也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语。 He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。 He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。 The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。 Ⅰ.用适当的连词填空 1.I didn't manage to do it 　until　 you had explained how. 2.Jim has been in the factory for two years 　since　 he graduated. 3.You'd better make a good plan 　before　 you take a holiday. 4.　Unless　 he comes，we won't be able to go. 5.More people will eat out in restaurants 　as　 they do today. 6.　However　 hard she tries，she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework. 7.The house stood 　where　 there had been a rock. 8.　Wherever　 David goes，he is welcome. 9.　As　 the day went on，the weather got worse. 10.If we work with a strong will，we can overcome any difficulty，　however　 great it is. Ⅱ.单项选择 1.Mr Smith has a habit of taking a shower 　________　 he has breakfast. A.though　 　　　　B.before C.because D.since 2.　________　 it is often cold in the mountains，you need to wear warm clothes. A.Though B.Unless C.As D.Until 3.You will see many aunts dancing together on the square if it 　________　 in the evening. A.doesn't rain B.rains C.will rain D.won't rain 4.　________　 my cousin is very young，　________　 she can help with the housework. A.Once；/ B.Though；but C.Although；/ D.Because；so 5.Kate's dad is getting old.She will go back home to see him 　________　 it is convenient. A.because B.whenever C.although D.unless 6.We didn't enjoy the day 　________　 the weather was so bad. A.because B.though C.unless D.till 7.Miss Lin has taught us English 　________　 we came to this school. A.for B.since C.before D.when 8.One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future 　________　 we can face all the challenges with confidence. A.so far B.so that C.even if D.if only 9.The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier 　________　 we take action to protect them. A.since B.if C.until D.unless 10.You can use English or Chinese 　________　 you travel in Singapore. A.whether B.whatever C.where D.if 答案：1－5　BCACB　6－10　ABBDD Ⅰ.用适当的连词填空 1.—What was the party like? —Wonderful.It's years 　since　 I enjoyed myself so much. 2.After the war，a new school building was put up 　where 　there had once been a theatre. 3.　However　 late he is，Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. 4.　Whenever　 we gave him something to eat，he would save it up for his little sister. 5.　If　 you check your composition carefully，some spelling mistakes can be avoided. 6.I have been keeping the portrait 　where　 I can see it every day，as it always reminds me of my childhood in Paris. 7.I do every single bit of housework 　while　 my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then. 8.He was about to tell me the secret 　when　 someone patted him on the shoulder. 9.The fire went on for quite some time 　before　 it was brought under control. 10.　While/Although　 I understand what you say，I can't agree with you. Ⅱ.单项选择 1.Grace is going to give much money to charity，　________　 she is not rich enough. A.if　　　　 　　　　　B.unless C.since D.though 2.She raised her voice 　________　 everyone in the room could hear her. A.so that B.as soon as C.no matter D.even though 3.He will come here right away 　________　 he hears the news. A.so B.as soon as C.because D.though 4.　________　 I got off the bus，I saw him standing there. A.While B.When C.If D.Because 5.It's quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers 　________　 people get off the bus. A.before B.since C.until D.unless 6.Her little sister is 　________　 young 　________　 she can't dress herself. A.too；to B.so；that C.such；that D.very；that 7.—Did you call Sara back? —I didn't need to，　________　 we'll have a meeting together tonight. A.though B.unless C.because D.if 8.Li Lei knew little about the film 　________　 he saw it yesterday afternoon. A.if B.since C.until D.because 9.We'd better hurry 　________　 it is getting dark. A.and　　　B.but　　　C.as　　 D.unless 10.I hurried 　________　 I wouldn't be late for class. A.since B.so that C.as if D.unless 答案：1－5　DABBA　6－10　BCCCB Ⅲ.阅读理解 A What do you want to be when you grow up？As a kid，Sandra's answer was a doctor.That was a goal (目标) her parents set for her，and she wanted to make them happy. As a teenager，Sandra changed her answer to a teacher.She wanted to be a teacher because she thought it was a good and interesting job.But she didn't think about all the hard work. When Sandra was about to finish school，she had second thoughts.Maybe her purpose (目标) in life wasn't to be a teacher because she doesn't like kids. To find her life purpose，Sandra made a vision board (愿望板).First，she looked for pictures in magazines，and they must touch her heart at first sight (初看时).When 　that　 happened，Sandra cut out the pictures.Then，she pasted (粘贴) them on a big board.When she stepped back，she saw many pictures of food and people.From them，she started to see a possible future for herself. She loves food and writing，and the vision board also shows that.Sandra now knows her life purpose，and she is going after it. 1.Sandra's parents wanted her to be a 　________　. A.doctor B.teacher C.cook D.writer 2.Sandra didn't want to be a teacher because 　________　. A.it isn't a good job B.it isn't an interesting job C.she doesn't like kids D.she doesn't like hard work 3.What is the right order for Sandra to make her vision board? ①Cut out the pictures. ②Looked for pictures. ③Pasted the pictures on a board. A.①→②→③ B.②→①→③ C.③→②→① D.②→③→① 4.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A.Sandra found her life purpose. B.Sandra found pictures she liked. C.Sandra made a big board by herself. D.Sandra cut out the pictures in magazines. 5.What is the passage mainly about? A.What a vision board is like. B.What Sandra's biggest dream is. C.How we can make a vision board. D.How Sandra finds her life purpose. [语篇解读]　Sandra曾对自己的人生目标游移不定。后来，通过制作愿望板，她发现自己喜欢美食和写作，并找到了自己的目标。 1.A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As a kid，Sandra's answer was a doctor.That was a goal her parents set for her...”可知，Sandra的父母想让她成为一名医生。] 2.C　[细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Maybe her purpose in life wasn’t to be a teacher because she doesn't like kids.”可知，Sandra不想当老师，因为她不喜欢孩子。] 3.B　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“First，she looked for pictures in magazines，and they must touch her heart at first sight.When that happened，Sandra cut out the pictures.Then，she pasted them on a big board.”可知，Sandra首先在杂志上寻找图片，然后将打动她的图片剪下来，最后把图片粘贴到板子上。] 4.B　[代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的上一句“First，she looked for pictures in magazines，and they must touch her heart at first sight.”可知，Sandra首先在杂志上寻找图片，而且图片必须第一眼看上去就能打动她。由此可知，Sandra找到第一眼看上去就能打动她的图片后，再把图片剪下来，故that指代的是Sandra找到她喜欢的图片这件事。] 5.D　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Sandra是如何找到自己的人生目标的。] B In the summer of 2022，experts in Heyuan，Guangdong finished restoring (修复) 11 dinosaur eggs.These eggs were discovered (发现) by a 9­year­old boy three years ago! It was not the first time that children in Heyuan had discovered dinosaur eggs.In 1996，four middle school students found some for the first time.Over the past years，many children in Heyuan have found them while playing games or going on a family trip. Luck was，of course，one big reason for them to make the discoveries.But more importantly，there are lots of dinosaur eggs under the ground of Heyuan.There are about 20,000 dinosaur eggs on show at the Heyuan Dinosaur Museum，the most of all museums in the world. Children in Heyuan are 　familiar　 with dinosaur eggs.They grow up listening to the stories of them.Schools teach them how to tell dinosaur eggs from egg­like stones (石头).They can also see real dinosaur eggs at the museum. 6.When were these 11 dinosaur eggs discovered? A.In 2022. B.In 2019. C.In 1996. D.In 1993. 7.Why could children in Heyuan discover so many dinosaur eggs? A.The children there are very clever. B.The children like to make discoveries. C.The schools there ask them to find dinosaur eggs. D.There are many dinosaur eggs under the ground there. 8.What can we know about the Heyuan Dinosaur Museum? A.It is the biggest museum in the world. B.It has the most dinosaur eggs on show in the world. C.It teaches children how to tell dinosaur eggs from egg­like stones. D.It was built after the first discovery of dinosaur eggs in 1996. 9.What does the underlined word “familiar”mean in Chinese? A.恐惧的 B.迷惑的 C.熟悉的 D.紧张的 10.We can read the passage in 　________　. A.a newspaper B.a storybook C.a guidebook D.a dictionary [语篇解读]　2022年夏天，专家们在广东河源完成了11枚恐龙蛋的修复工作。这些恐龙蛋是一个9岁的男孩在2019年发现的。 6.B　[细节理解题。根据第一段可知，2022年夏天，专家们在广东河源完成了11枚恐龙蛋的修复工作，这些恐龙蛋是一个9岁的男孩在三年前发现的。由此可知，这11枚恐龙蛋是在2019年被发现的。] 7.D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But more importantly，there are lots of dinosaur eggs under the ground of Heyuan.”可知，河源的孩子经常发现恐龙蛋主要是因为河源的地底下有很多恐龙蛋。] 8.B　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“There are about 20,000 dinosaur eggs on show at the Heyuan Dinosaur Museum，the most of all museums in the world.”可知，在河源恐龙博物馆展出的恐龙蛋大约有20 000枚，是世界上所有博物馆中展出最多的。] 9.C　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后的内容可知，河源的孩子是听着恐龙蛋的故事长大的，学校也会教他们怎么区分恐龙蛋和像蛋一样的石头，他们还可以在博物馆里看到真正的恐龙蛋。由此可推知，他们应该是从小耳濡目染，对恐龙蛋很熟悉，故familiar意为“熟悉的”。] 10.A　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了专家们完成了11枚恐龙蛋的修复工作的消息，以及为什么会有那么多恐龙蛋在河源被发现。由此可推知，本文可能出现在报纸上。] Ⅳ.书面表达 假如你是红星中学的高三学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他想了解你的职业规划。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1.你希望从事的职业； 2.你选择该职业的原因； 3.你打算为之做何准备。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Dear Jim， How is everything going？I am glad to receive your e­mail，in which you asked me about my career plan for the future.Now I am writing to share it with you in detail. I made up my mind to be a journalist when I visited the Xinhua News Agency，the top one in China，last year.I chose it as my career based on the following two reasons.First，it is a job that can get me exposed to new things every day.Second，working as a journalist can help realize my childhood dream of being a hero spreading justice.To achieve this goal，I must study hard and go to an ideal university whose major，Journalism，is best across the whole country. That is all about my career plan.What do you think of it？I am looking forward to hearing yours if you have got one. Yours， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Ⅰ.用适当的连词填空 1.—What was the party like? —Wonderful.It's years 　since　 I enjoyed myself so much. 2.After the war，a new school building was put up 　where 　there had once been a theatre. 3.　However　 late he is，Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. 4.　Whenever　 we gave him something to eat，he would save it up for his little sister. 5.　If　 you check your composition carefully，some spelling mistakes can be avoided. 6.I have been keeping the portrait 　where　 I can see it every day，as it always reminds me of my childhood in Paris. 7.I do every single bit of housework 　while　 my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then. 8.He was about to tell me the secret 　when　 someone patted him on the shoulder. 9.The fire went on for quite some time 　before　 it was brought under control. 10.　While/Although　 I understand what you say，I can't agree with you. Ⅱ.单项选择 1.Grace is going to give much money to charity，　________　 she is not rich enough. A.if　　　　 　　　　　B.unless C.since D.though 2.She raised her voice 　________　 everyone in the room could hear her. A.so that B.as soon as C.no matter D.even though 3.He will come here right away 　________　 he hears the news. A.so B.as soon as C.because D.though 4.　________　 I got off the bus，I saw him standing there. A.While B.When C.If D.Because 5.It's quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers 　________　 people get off the bus. A.before B.since C.until D.unless 6.Her little sister is 　________　 young 　________　 she can't dress herself. A.too；to B.so；that C.such；that D.very；that 7.—Did you call Sara back? —I didn't need to，　________　 we'll have a meeting together tonight. A.though B.unless C.because D.if 8.Li Lei knew little about the film 　________　 he saw it yesterday afternoon. A.if B.since C.until D.because 9.We'd better hurry 　________　 it is getting dark. A.and 　　B.but C.as　　 D.unless 10.I hurried 　________　 I wouldn't be late for class. A.since B.so that C.as if D.unless 答案：1－5　DABBA　6－10　BCCCB Ⅲ.阅读理解 A What do you want to be when you grow up？As a kid，Sandra's answer was a doctor.That was a goal (目标) her parents set for her，and she wanted to make them happy. As a teenager，Sandra changed her answer to a teacher.She wanted to be a teacher because she thought it was a good and interesting job.But she didn't think about all the hard work. When Sandra was about to finish school，she had second thoughts.Maybe her purpose (目标) in life wasn't to be a teacher because she doesn't like kids. To find her life purpose，Sandra made a vision board (愿望板).First，she looked for pictures in magazines，and they must touch her heart at first sight (初看时).When 　that　 happened，Sandra cut out the pictures.Then，she pasted (粘贴) them on a big board.When she stepped back，she saw many pictures of food and people.From them，she started to see a possible future for herself. She loves food and writing，and the vision board also shows that.Sandra now knows her life purpose，and she is going after it. 1.Sandra's parents wanted her to be a 　________　. A.doctor B.teacher C.cook D.writer 2.Sandra didn't want to be a teacher because 　________　. A.it isn't a good job B.it isn't an interesting job C.she doesn't like kids D.she doesn't like hard work 3.What is the right order for Sandra to make her vision board? ①Cut out the pictures. ②Looked for pictures. ③Pasted the pictures on a board. A.①→②→③ B.②→①→③ C.③→②→① D.②→③→① 4.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A.Sandra found her life purpose. B.Sandra found pictures she liked. C.Sandra made a big board by herself. D.Sandra cut out the pictures in magazines. 5.What is the passage mainly about? A.What a vision board is like. B.What Sandra's biggest dream is. C.How we can make a vision board. D.How Sandra finds her life purpose. [语篇解读]　Sandra曾对自己的人生目标游移不定。后来，通过制作愿望板，她发现自己喜欢美食和写作，并找到了自己的目标。 1.A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As a kid，Sandra's answer was a doctor.That was a goal her parents set for her...”可知，Sandra的父母想让她成为一名医生。] 2.C　[细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Maybe her purpose in life wasn’t to be a teacher because she doesn't like kids.”可知，Sandra不想当老师，因为她不喜欢孩子。] 3.B　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“First，she looked for pictures in magazines，and they must touch her heart at first sight.When that happened，Sandra cut out the pictures.Then，she pasted them on a big board.”可知，Sandra首先在杂志上寻找图片，然后将打动她的图片剪下来，最后把图片粘贴到板子上。] 4.B　[代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的上一句“First，she looked for pictures in magazines，and they must touch her heart at first sight.”可知，Sandra首先在杂志上寻找图片，而且图片必须第一眼看上去就能打动她。由此可知，Sandra找到第一眼看上去就能打动她的图片后，再把图片剪下来，故that指代的是Sandra找到她喜欢的图片这件事。] 5.D　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Sandra是如何找到自己的人生目标的。] B In the summer of 2022，experts in Heyuan，Guangdong finished restoring (修复) 11 dinosaur eggs.These eggs were discovered (发现) by a 9­year­old boy three years ago! It was not the first time that children in Heyuan had discovered dinosaur eggs.In 1996，four middle school students found some for the first time.Over the past years，many children in Heyuan have found them while playing games or going on a family trip. Luck was，of course，one big reason for them to make the discoveries.But more importantly，there are lots of dinosaur eggs under the ground of Heyuan.There are about 20,000 dinosaur eggs on show at the Heyuan Dinosaur Museum，the most of all museums in the world. Children in Heyuan are 　familiar　 with dinosaur eggs.They grow up listening to the stories of them.Schools teach them how to tell dinosaur eggs from egg­like stones (石头).They can also see real dinosaur eggs at the museum. 6.When were these 11 dinosaur eggs discovered? A.In 2022. B.In 2019. C.In 1996. D.In 1993. 7.Why could children in Heyuan discover so many dinosaur eggs? A.The children there are very clever. B.The children like to make discoveries. C.The schools there ask them to find dinosaur eggs. D.There are many dinosaur eggs under the ground there. 8.What can we know about the Heyuan Dinosaur Museum? A.It is the biggest museum in the world. B.It has the most dinosaur eggs on show in the world. C.It teaches children how to tell dinosaur eggs from egg­like stones. D.It was built after the first discovery of dinosaur eggs in 1996. 9.What does the underlined word “familiar”mean in Chinese? A.恐惧的 B.迷惑的 C.熟悉的 D.紧张的 10.We can read the passage in 　________　. A.a newspaper B.a storybook C.a guidebook D.a dictionary [语篇解读]　2022年夏天，专家们在广东河源完成了11枚恐龙蛋的修复工作。这些恐龙蛋是一个9岁的男孩在2019年发现的。 6.B　[细节理解题。根据第一段可知，2022年夏天，专家们在广东河源完成了11枚恐龙蛋的修复工作，这些恐龙蛋是一个9岁的男孩在三年前发现的。由此可知，这11枚恐龙蛋是在2019年被发现的。] 7.D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But more importantly，there are lots of dinosaur eggs under the ground of Heyuan.”可知，河源的孩子经常发现恐龙蛋主要是因为河源的地底下有很多恐龙蛋。] 8.B　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“There are about 20,000 dinosaur eggs on show at the Heyuan Dinosaur Museum，the most of all museums in the world.”可知，在河源恐龙博物馆展出的恐龙蛋大约有20 000枚，是世界上所有博物馆中展出最多的。] 9.C　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后的内容可知，河源的孩子是听着恐龙蛋的故事长大的，学校也会教他们怎么区分恐龙蛋和像蛋一样的石头，他们还可以在博物馆里看到真正的恐龙蛋。由此可推知，他们应该是从小耳濡目染，对恐龙蛋很熟悉，故familiar意为“熟悉的”。] 10.A　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了专家们完成了11枚恐龙蛋的修复工作的消息，以及为什么会有那么多恐龙蛋在河源被发现。由此可推知，本文可能出现在报纸上。] Ⅳ.书面表达 假如你是红星中学的高三学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他想了解你的职业规划。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1.你希望从事的职业； 2.你选择该职业的原因； 3.你打算为之做何准备。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Dear Jim， How is everything going？I am glad to receive your e­mail，in which you asked me about my career plan for the future.Now I am writing to share it with you in detail. I made up my mind to be a journalist when I visited the Xinhua News Agency，the top one in China，last year.I chose it as my career based on the following two reasons.First，it is a job that can get me exposed to new things every day.Second，working as a journalist can help realize my childhood dream of being a hero spreading justice.To achieve this goal，I must study hard and go to an ideal university whose major，Journalism，is best across the whole country. That is all about my career plan.What do you think of it？I am looking forward to hearing yours if you have got one. Yours， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Section 4 Language Practice—Grammar UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 语法 探究突破 01 课后 素养提升 02 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 8 Making a Career Plan 英语拓展模块（GJ） 状 语 从 句 一、时间状语从句 常用引导词： when(在……时)，as(当……时)，while(在……期间)，as soon as(一……就……)，before(在……之前)，after(在……之后)，since(自从……以来)，not...until(直到……才)until/till(直到……时)等。 特殊引导词： the minute，the moment，the second，every time，the day，the instant(瞬间，顷刻)，immediately，directly(不久，立即)，no sooner...than(一……就……)，hardly...when(刚一……就……)，scarcely...when(刚……就……/一……就……)。 时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思不尽相同，要注意把握不同引导词所表示的不同时间关系，以及它在具体句子中对应的时态、语态等问题。 1.while，when和as引导的时间状语从句 (1)While my mother was reading the newspaper，I was watching TV. 我的妈妈读报时，我在看电视。 (read是延续性的动词，read和watch同时发生) 注意：while有时还可以表示对比关系。 I like playing football while you like playing basketball. 我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。(对比) (2)when(当……的时候)，引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。从句动作可与主语动作同时发生，也可在其后发生。 I was reading a book when she came into my room. 当她进入我的房间时我正在读书。 (come是瞬间动词，只能用when引导，不能用while) I often missed my home when(while)I lived in New York. 当我在纽约居住时常想家。 (live是延续性动词，when可用while代替) (3)when和while的区别还在于：while引导的时间状语从句多用于进行时态，而when引导的时间状语从句多用于一般时态。 While they were talking，the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。 (4)as译作“一边……一边” “随着……”，侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。有时可与when，while通用。 We always sing as we walk. 我们总是边走边唱。(as表示“一边……一边”) As you grow，you will know more and more. 随着年龄的增长，你会懂得越来越多。 2.till或until引导的时间状语从句 till，until(直到……才)：一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。till不可以在句首，而until可以放在句首。 注意：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。 I didn't go to bed until (till) my father came back. 直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。(go to bed是瞬间动词，主句用否定形式) I worked until he came back. 我工作到他回来为止。 I didn't work until he came back. 他回来我这才开始工作。 Please wait until I arrived. 在我到达之前等我。 3.since引导的时间状语从句 since(自从)：引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，也可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is＋时间＋since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。 I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来，我一直在北京。 Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了？ It is five months since our boss was in Beijing. 我们老板离开北京有五个月了。 4.由before和after引导的时间状语从句 (1)before(在……之前)：引导的从句不再用否定的谓语。 (2)当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时。则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。 (3)after(在……之后)：表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。如果主句用的是过去时，则从句多用过去完成时。 It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。 My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。 After we had finished the work，we went home. 完成工作之后，我们回家了。(从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时) 5.由as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the instant，the minute，等引导的时间状语从句：这些连词都表示“一……就”。 I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。 The moment I heard the news，I went to the school. 我一听到消息，马上赶到了学校。 As soon as I reach Canada，I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。 注意：hardly...when，no sooner...than 相当于 as soon as 之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时态。当hardly和 no sooner 位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。 Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in. 我刚坐下，他就进来了。 二、原因状语从句 原因状语从句表原因，常见的引导词有：because(因为)，since(既然)，as(既然)，for(因为) 1.because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，because表示直接原因，语气最强，回答why引导的疑问句必须使用because。 I do it because I like it. 我做是因为我喜欢。 —Why didn't he come yesterday? ——他昨天为什么没来？ —Because he had something important to do. ——因为他有重要的事要做。 2.since引导的原因状语从句一般位于主句之前，表示已知的、显然的理由。通常被翻译成“既然”，较为正式，语气比because弱。 Since you are free today，you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你休息，你最好帮我补习数学。 3.as引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”，语气比since弱，较正式，位置较灵活，常放于主句之前。 As it is raining，you'd better take a taxi. 既然在下雨，你最好乘出租汽车。 4.for引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明，for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。 He could not have seen me，for I was not there. 他不可能见过我，因为我不在那里。 三、条件状语从句 引导条件句常用的连词有if(如果)，unless(如果不，除非)等，条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，表示将来要用一般现在时态。 We won't let you in unless you show your pass. 除非你出示通行证，否则我们不会让你进去。 If you fail again this time，what will you do? 如果这次你又失败了，你会怎么办？ (1)if引导的条件状语从句表示将来时，要用一般现在时代替，主句仍使用一般将来时态。 (2)将if引导的宾语从句和状语从句进行混淆考查，宾语从句中的if表示“是否”，可以使用一般将来时。 四、让步状语从句 让步状语从句表示“虽然，即使，尽管”。引导词有although，though，even though，even if 都表示“虽然，即使，尽管”之意。主句中不能用but，但可用yet。 though 和 although 语气较弱(其中的 though 比 although 通俗，不如 although 正式)，even if 和 even though 带有强调意味而显得语气更强。 Although they are poor，they are happy yet. 虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。 The article is very important though it is short. 那篇文章虽然很短，但很重要。 Even though it was raining，she walked to work. 即使下雨，她也是走着去工作的。 I'll visit him this evening even if I can stay only a few minutes. 今晚我将去拜访他，即使我只能停留一小会儿。 注意：though 引导的让步状语从句的用法比较特殊，它可以倒装，也可以不倒装。 五、地点状语从句 地点状语从句常由 where 和 wherever 引导，通常可置于主句之前或之后。 We should go where(ver) we are most needed. 我们要去最需要我们的地方。 Where there is a will，there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 六、目的状语从句 目的状语从句通常由 so that，in order that 引导，所引导的从句通常放在主句后面。目的状语从句中的谓语常含有may(might)，can(could)，shall，will 等情态动词。 He always takes a seat in the first row so that/in order that he can hear better. ＝In order that he can hear better，he always takes a seat in the first row. 为了听得更清楚，他总是坐前排的座位。 七、结果状语从句 结果状语从句常由 so that，so...that，such...that 等引导，放在主句之后，so...that 与 such...that 句型在一定条件下可转换。 He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him. ＝He made so excellent a speech that everyone admired him. 他的演讲如此精彩以至于每个人都很钦佩他。 注意：so that 引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句的辨别： so that 从句之前有个逗号的常为结果状语从句，因表示某一行为带来的结果，从句中的时态常为过去式； so that 从句中有 may(might)，can(could)等情态动词的通常是目的状语从句。 I wrote as clearly as possible，so that I got high marks.(目的) 我尽可能地写清楚些，这样可以得高分。 He went to the lecture early so that he could get a good seat.(目的) 他很早就去听报告了，以便可以找到一个好座位。 He went to the lecture early，so that he got a good seat.(结果) 他很早就去听报告了，这样他就找到一个好座位。 八、比较状语从句 (1)比较状语从句常由as...as，not so(as)...as，than引导。比较从句部分常为省略句。 His brother is as handsome as he(is)/him. (非正式英语中可用宾格him) 他弟弟和他一样英俊。 He swims faster than any other student in his class(does). 他比班上其他任何人都游得快。 (2)通常把the more...the more...结构也归为比较从句，意为：“越……越……”。 The harder you work，the greater progress you'll make. 你越努力学习，就会取得越大的进步。 The less she worried，the better she worked. 她担心得越少，就工作得越好。 九、方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由 as，(just) as...so...，as if，as though 引导。 (1)as，(just) as...so...引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在 (just) as...so... 结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是正如……，就像，多用于正式文体。 Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。 As water is to fish，so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。 Just as we sweep our rooms，so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 (2)as if，as though 两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作“仿佛……似的，好像……似的”。 They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。(与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。) He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. 他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。) It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。) 说明：as if/as though 也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语。 He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。 He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。 The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。 Ⅰ.用适当的连词填空 1.I didn't manage to do it 　until　 you had explained how. 2.Jim has been in the factory for two years 　since　 he graduated. 3.You'd better make a good plan 　before　 you take a holiday. 4.　Unless　 he comes，we won't be able to go. 5.More people will eat out in restaurants 　as　 they do today. 6.　However　 hard she tries，she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework. 7.The house stood 　where　 there had been a rock. 8.　Wherever　 David goes，he is welcome. 9.　As　 the day went on，the weather got worse. 10.If we work with a strong will，we can overcome any difficulty，　however　 great it is. Ⅱ.单项选择 1.Mr Smith has a habit of taking a shower 　________　 he has breakfast. A.though　 B.before C.because D.since 2.　________　 it is often cold in the mountains，you need to wear warm clothes. A.Though B.Unless C.As D.Until 3.You will see many aunts dancing together on the square if it 　________　 in the evening. A.doesn't rain B.rains C.will rain D.won't rain 4.　________　 my cousin is very young，　________　 she can help with the housework. A.Once；/ B.Though；but C.Although；/ D.Because；so 5.Kate's dad is getting old.She will go back home to see him 　________　 it is convenient. A.because B.whenever C.although D.unless 6.We didn't enjoy the day 　________　 the weather was so bad. A.because B.though C.unless D.till 7.Miss Lin has taught us English 　________　 we came to this school. A.for B.since C.before D.when 8.One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future 　________　 we can face all the challenges with confidence. A.so far B.so that C.even if D.if only 9.The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier 　________　 we take action to protect them. A.since B.if C.until D.unless 10.You can use English or Chinese 　________　 you travel in Singapore. A.whether B.whatever C.where D.if 答案：1－5　BCACB　6－10　ABBDD $$