Unit 7 Section 4 Language Practice-Grammar（PPT课件+Word版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年中职英语拓展模块同步教案（高教版2023）

Section 4　Language Practice—Grammar 非 谓 语 动 词 一、非谓语动词的含义 非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能作谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫作非谓语动词。 二、非谓语动词的形式 非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。其中，每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。具体如下： (一)动词不定式 1.动词的不定式基本形式 ①基本形式：to do(表示主动，并且一般表示将来) ②被动式：to be done(表示被动，并且一般表示将来) ③进行式：to be doing (表示主动和进行) ④完成时：to have done(表示主动和完成) ⑤完成被动式：to have been done(表示被动和完成) ⑥完成进行式：to have been doing (表示主动和完成进行) 2.不定式可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。 ①作主语 To learn a foreign language is difficult. 学会一门外语是很难的。 作真正主语，it做形式主语： It's easy to see their aunt. 很容易见到他们的姑姑。 ②作宾语 Tom wanted to have a cup of beer. 汤姆想要喝杯啤酒。 ③作表语 His wish is to be a driver. 他的愿望是当一名司机。 ④作定语 I have nothing to say. 我没有什么可说的。 ⑤作宾语补足语 The teacher told us to do morning exercises. 老师让我们做早操。 ⑥作目的状语 They went to see their aunt. 他们去见他们的姑姑。 (二)动名词 动名词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。 ①作主语 Reading aloud is very helpful. 大声朗读是很有好处的。 ②作表语 In the ant city，the queen's job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。 ③作宾语 We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。 ④作定语 He can't walk without a walking­stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。 ⑤作同位语 His habit，listening to the news on the radio，remains unchanged. 他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。 (三)现在分词 ①基本形式：doing (表示主动) ②被动式：being done(表示被动) ③完成式：having done(表示主动和完成) ④完成被动式：having been done(表示被动和完成) 1.作定语 In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。 2.现在分词作表语 The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。 3.作宾语补足语 He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。 4.现在分词作状语 ①作时间状语 (While) Working in the factory，he was an advanced worker. 在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。 ②作原因状语 Being a League member，he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。 ③作方式状语，表示伴随 He stayed at home，cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里，又擦又洗。 ④作条件状语 (If) Playing all day，you will waste your valuable time. 要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。 ⑤作结果状语 He dropped the glass，breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。 ⑥作目的状语 He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。 ⑦作让步状语 Though raining heavily，it cleared up very soon. 虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。 (四)过去分词 规则动词由动词原形加词尾­ed构成。 不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则 1.作定语 Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。 2.作表语 They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。 注意：be ＋ 过去分词，如果表示状态是系表结构，如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。 The window is broken.(系表结构) 窗户破了。 The window was broken by the boy.(被动语态) 窗户被那个男孩打破了。 3.作宾语补足语 I heard the song sung several times last week. 上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。 有时过去分词作with短语中的宾语补足语： With the work done，they went out to play. 工作做完了，他们出去玩去了。 4.作状语 ①表示原因 Praised by the neighbors，he became the pride of his parents. 受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。 ②表示时间 Once seen，it can never be forgotten. 一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。 ③表示条件 Given more time，I'll be able to do it better. 如果给予更多的时间，我能做得更好。 ④表示让步 Though told of the danger，he still risked his life to save the boy. 虽然被告知有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。 三、非谓语动词重难点 省去to 的不定式(do)作宾补的11个动词： 五看：see、watch、notice、observe、look at 两听：hear、listen to 三使：make、let、have 一感觉：feel 只接不定式(不能接动名词)作宾语的25个常用动词： want、would like、wish、help、hope、learn、manage、offer、plan、afford、agree、arrange、ask、beg、care、choose、decide、demand、determine、expect、fear、prepare、pretend、promise、refuse 只接动名词(不能接不定式)作宾语的51个常用动词： practice、consider、enjoy、finish、give up、imagine、keep、put off、risk、suggest、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、fancy、forbid、mention、 mind、miss、permit、prohibit、excuse、delay、miss、admit、be busy、be worth、feel like、can't stand、can't help、think of、dream of、be fond of、prevent...(from)、keep...from、stop...(from)、protect…from、set about、be engaged in、spend...(in)、succeed in、be used to、look forward to、object to、pay attention to、insist on、feel like 既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的8个动词： remember to do sth.记住要做某事(未做) remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做) forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做) regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事(未做) regret doing sth.后悔/抱歉做过某事(已做) try to do sth.努力做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 mean to do sth.计划做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 can't help to do sth.不能帮助做某事 can't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 go on to do sth.继续做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth.停下正在做的事情 Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.They kept the fire 　burning　 (burn) to keep them warm. 2.Who's the boy 　standing　 (stand) under the tree? 3.I don't like to sit here 　doing　 (do) nothing. 4.It often takes me half an hour 　to walk　 (walk) home. 5.Don't forget 　to give　 (give) her clean water every day. 6.The funny story makes us　 laugh　(laugh). 7.　Given　 (give) more attention，the trees could have grown better. 8.The first textbooks 　written　 (write) for English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. 9.The girl students enjoy 　singing　 (sing) English songs. 10.　Lost　 (lose) in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him. Ⅱ.单项选择 1.Thank you for 　________　 us so well. A.to teach　　　　　 B.teaches C.teaching D.taught 2.I often do some 　________　 on Sundays. A.washed B.to wash C.wash D.washing 3.I think it important 　________　 English well. A.learning B.learn C.to learn D.learned 4.She was often heard 　________　 in English. A.sing B.singing C.sung D.to sing 5.Our teacher told us 　________　 hard. A.to work B.working C.worked D.work 6.Could you tell me 　________　 this word? A.to how read B.how to read C.how read D.how read to 7.Climbing mountains was 　________　，so we all felt 　________　. A.tiring；tired B.tired；tiring C.tiring；tiring D.tired；tired 8.I saw some villagers 　________　 on the bench at the end of the room. A.seating B.seat C.seated D.seated themselves 9.She was glad to see her child well 　________　 care of. A.take B.to be taken C.taken D.taking 10.When 　________　 why he walked in without permission，he just stared at us and said nothing. A.been asked B.asked C.asking D.to be asked 答案：1－5　CDCDA　6－10　BACCB Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.He went home 　to get　(get) some books. 2.Stop 　reading　 (read)，please.I've something to tell you. 3.Let's 　go 　(go) to the cinema together. 4.Jim asked Li Ping 　to give　 (give) his best wishes to everybody. 5.Have you read the book？It's worth 　reading　 (read). 6.He still remembers 　being taken　 (take) to Shanghai when he was very young. 7.The man kept silent in the room unless 　spoken　 (speak) to. 8.There is a river 　running　 (run) around our school. Ⅱ.单项选择 1.Please give me a pen 　________　. A.to write　　　　　 B.writing C.to write with D.written 2.Remember 　________　 late for class again. A.not to B.not to be C.to be not D.be not to 3.You don't look well.Why 　________　 to see the doctor? A.not to go B.you not to go C.not go D.didn't go 4.There's something wrong 　________　 my radio.I'll have it 　________　. A.with，fixed B.with，fixing C.on，to be repaired D.in，repaired 5.Can you finish 　________　 an elephant in two minutes? A.draw B.to draw C.drew D.drawing 6.The doctor was busy 　________　 on the boy at that time. A.operate B.operating C.to operated D.operated 7.It was very late at night，but Mr.Brown still went on 　________　. A.works B.worked C.working D.work 8.I have something important 　________　 you. A.tell B.telling C.to tell D.tell to 9.He is still unable to make himself 　________　 in English. A.understand B.understood C.understands D.understanding 10.　________　 is known to all，China will be an 　________　 and powerful country in 20 or 30 years' time. A.That；advancing B.This；advanced C.As；advanced D.It；advancing 答案：1－5　CBCAD　6－10　BCCBC Ⅲ.阅读理解 A If you are a cartoon lover，you can't miss Luca.In the cartoon,13­year­old Luca and his best friend Alberto are spending their happy days in an Italian seaside town.They eat ice cream，ride around on their bikes and swim in the sea.Actually，they are sea monsters (怪物) in disguise (假扮) as humans.A surprise，right? The director，Enrico Casarosa，says，“There is something interesting about having a kid that age with this secret—the fact that he can't show himself.” In order to make the movie look as real as possible，the whole Luca team went to Italy on a research trip.“Watching it，I felt like I was there，”says Jack Dylan Grazer.He provided Alberto's voice.The team also studied fish，a kind of lizard (蜥蜴) and plants to make the sea monsters.The biggest challenge was making Luca and Alberto's transformation (变化) from monsters to humans look 　realistic　.They wanted it to look as if they turn into humans from the inside out instead of just putting on human clothes.Enrico himself drew the character of Luca.He said he wanted someone“with big eyes to go into the human world”. In his human shape and with his best friend Alberto，Luca tries new things，meets different people and experiences amazing things.It's really a wonderful movie for kids and cartoon lovers. 1.The story of Luca most probably takes place in 　________　. A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter 2.What is Luca's secret? A.He is able to build a seaside town. B.He is different from his friend Alberto. C.He is a sea monster，not a human being. D.He can turn a human being into a monster. 3.What does the underlined word “realistic” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A.跳脱的 B.传统的 C.永久的 D.逼真的 4.Which of the following is NOT true? A.The Luca team worked hard to make Luca. B.Jack Dylan Grazer might be a voice actor. C.The Luca team members are animal experts. D.Luca in the cartoon has big eyes. 5.Why does the writer write this passage? A.To introduce the cartoon Luca. B.To show us how to make a successful cartoon. C.To show us what good cartoons are like. D.To introduce a beautiful Italian seaside town. [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了Luca这部动画电影。为使电影效果更加逼真、完美，其创作团队付出了很多努力。 1.B　[推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“They eat ice cream，ride around on their bikes and swim in the sea.”可知，电影中，Luca和Alberto一起吃冰激凌，一起在海里游泳。由此可推知，故事最可能发生在夏季。] 2.C　[细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Actually，they are sea monsters in disguise as humans.”可知，Luca其实是海怪，不是人类。] 3.D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下一句“They wanted it to look as if they turn into humans from the inside out instead of just putting on human clothes.”可知，该团队希望Luca和Alberto变成人类的过程看起来像是从内到外的转变，而不是只是穿上人类的衣服。由此可推知，该团队面临的最大的挑战是让Luca和Alberto从海怪到人类的转变看起来逼真些，故猜测realistic意为“逼真的”。] 4.C　[细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“The team also studied fish，a kind of lizard and plants to make the sea monsters.”可知，为了创作海怪形象，该团队研究了鱼、一种蜥蜴和植物，文中未提到团队成员都是动物专家。] 5.A　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Luca这部动画电影，包括其故事内容和创作背景等。] B My name is Phil and I'm 18 years old now.I'm from Harwich，a town in England.You can see my friend Max and me in the picture when we were at primary school. At that time，Max and I were close friends.We had lots of things 　in_common　.For example，we were of the same age.We both liked reading history books.We enjoyed the same computer games.Football was one of our favorite sports.And we often had a great time playing football in our free time. However，Max left England when he was 13 because his father got a job in the US.Then we began to write to each other every month.I haven't seen him for a long time.But now I'm very happy because he is coming back to England next month！He's going to study at Oxford University.So we'll meet quite often. I can't wait to see him.We'll have lots of things to talk about.I know we'll enjoy our time together again. 6.What do the underlined words “in common” mean in Chinese? A.亲自的 B.清楚的 C.特殊的 D.共同的 7.What were Phil's hobbies at primary school? ①He liked playing basketball. ②He liked reading history books. ③He liked playing computer games. A.①②　　 B.②③ C.①③　 D.①②③ 8.Why did Max go to America? A.Because his father got a job there. B.Because his family was very rich. C.Because he wanted to look for a job there. D.Because he went to study at a university there. 9.Max 　________　 Phil after he went to America. A.called B.visited C.wrote to D.sent messages to 10.What can we know from the passage? A.Max is older than Phil. B.Phil wants to live with Max. C.Max can meet Phil next month. D.Phil will study at Oxford University. [语篇解读]　Phil在文中讲述了他与好朋友Max的故事。Max在13岁时去了美国，他下个月将会回到英格兰，Phil很期待再次见到Max。 6.D　[词义猜测题。根据画线短语后的“For example，we were of the same age...Football was one of our favorite sports.”可知，本段主要讲述了Phil和Max都喜欢做的事情，即两个人的共同爱好，故推断in common意为“共同的”。have sth.in common(with sb.)是固定搭配，意为“(与某人)有共同之处”。] 7.B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We both liked reading history books.We enjoyed the same computer games.Football was one of our favorite sports.”可知，Phil喜欢读历史书，玩电脑游戏和踢足球。文中并未提到Phil喜欢打篮球。] 8.A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“However，Max left England when he was 13 because his father got a job in the US.”可知，Max去美国是因为他爸爸在那里得到了一份工作。] 9.C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then we began to write to each other every month.”可知，Max去美国之后每个月都给Phil写信。write to sb.是固定搭配，意为“给某人写信”。] 10.C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But now I'm very happy because he is coming back to England next month！”可知，Max下个月要回英格兰，所以Max下个月就可以见到Phil了。] Ⅳ.书面表达 假如你是李华，来自新华中学，今年17岁。得知某报社正在招聘兼职英语记者，你准备应聘。请就此写一篇求职信。 要求：1.词数80～120左右； 2.注意格式和前后文逻辑。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Dear Sir or Madam， I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the position advertised on the newspaper—part­time English reporter. I am a student from Xinhua Middle School，aged 17 years old.I think I'm qualified for the job.First of all，as a student，I've read a lot and have much knowledge in many fields.I'm enthusiastic about English and do well not only in speaking but also in writing.Besides，I'm easy to get along with and enjoy working together with others.Last but not least，I once worked as a reporter for my school broadcasting station.So I'm sure I can do the job well if I get the position. I would appreciate it if you could allow me to get the job.I am looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.He went home 　to get　(get) some books. 2.Stop 　reading　 (read)，please.I've something to tell you. 3.Let's 　go 　(go) to the cinema together. 4.Jim asked Li Ping 　to give　 (give) his best wishes to everybody. 5.Have you read the book？It's worth 　reading　 (read). 6.He still remembers 　being taken　 (take) to Shanghai when he was very young. 7.The man kept silent in the room unless 　spoken　 (speak) to. 8.There is a river 　running　 (run) around our school. Ⅱ.单项选择 1.Please give me a pen 　________　. A.to write　　　　　 B.writing C.to write with D.written 2.Remember 　________　 late for class again. A.not to B.not to be C.to be not D.be not to 3.You don't look well.Why 　________　 to see the doctor? A.not to go B.you not to go C.not go D.didn't go 4.There's something wrong 　________　 my radio.I'll have it 　________　. A.with，fixed B.with，fixing C.on，to be repaired D.in，repaired 5.Can you finish 　________　 an elephant in two minutes? A.draw B.to draw C.drew D.drawing 6.The doctor was busy 　________　 on the boy at that time. A.operate B.operating C.to operated D.operated 7.It was very late at night，but Mr.Brown still went on 　________　. A.works B.worked C.working D.work 8.I have something important 　________　 you. A.tell B.telling C.to tell D.tell to 9.He is still unable to make himself 　________　 in English. A.understand B.understood C.understands D.understanding 10.　________　 is known to all，China will be an 　________　 and powerful country in 20 or 30 years' time. A.That；advancing B.This；advanced C.As；advanced D.It；advancing 答案：1－5　CBCAD　6－10　BCCBC Ⅲ.阅读理解 A If you are a cartoon lover，you can't miss Luca.In the cartoon,13­year­old Luca and his best friend Alberto are spending their happy days in an Italian seaside town.They eat ice cream，ride around on their bikes and swim in the sea.Actually，they are sea monsters (怪物) in disguise (假扮) as humans.A surprise，right? The director，Enrico Casarosa，says，“There is something interesting about having a kid that age with this secret—the fact that he can't show himself.” In order to make the movie look as real as possible，the whole Luca team went to Italy on a research trip.“Watching it，I felt like I was there，”says Jack Dylan Grazer.He provided Alberto's voice.The team also studied fish，a kind of lizard (蜥蜴) and plants to make the sea monsters.The biggest challenge was making Luca and Alberto's transformation (变化) from monsters to humans look 　realistic　.They wanted it to look as if they turn into humans from the inside out instead of just putting on human clothes.Enrico himself drew the character of Luca.He said he wanted someone“with big eyes to go into the human world”. In his human shape and with his best friend Alberto，Luca tries new things，meets different people and experiences amazing things.It's really a wonderful movie for kids and cartoon lovers. 1.The story of Luca most probably takes place in 　________　. A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter 2.What is Luca's secret? A.He is able to build a seaside town. B.He is different from his friend Alberto. C.He is a sea monster，not a human being. D.He can turn a human being into a monster. 3.What does the underlined word “realistic” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A.跳脱的 B.传统的 C.永久的 D.逼真的 4.Which of the following is NOT true? A.The Luca team worked hard to make Luca. B.Jack Dylan Grazer might be a voice actor. C.The Luca team members are animal experts. D.Luca in the cartoon has big eyes. 5.Why does the writer write this passage? A.To introduce the cartoon Luca. B.To show us how to make a successful cartoon. C.To show us what good cartoons are like. D.To introduce a beautiful Italian seaside town. [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了Luca这部动画电影。为使电影效果更加逼真、完美，其创作团队付出了很多努力。 1.B　[推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“They eat ice cream，ride around on their bikes and swim in the sea.”可知，电影中，Luca和Alberto一起吃冰激凌，一起在海里游泳。由此可推知，故事最可能发生在夏季。] 2.C　[细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Actually，they are sea monsters in disguise as humans.”可知，Luca其实是海怪，不是人类。] 3.D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下一句“They wanted it to look as if they turn into humans from the inside out instead of just putting on human clothes.”可知，该团队希望Luca和Alberto变成人类的过程看起来像是从内到外的转变，而不是只是穿上人类的衣服。由此可推知，该团队面临的最大的挑战是让Luca和Alberto从海怪到人类的转变看起来逼真些，故猜测realistic意为“逼真的”。] 4.C　[细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“The team also studied fish，a kind of lizard and plants to make the sea monsters.”可知，为了创作海怪形象，该团队研究了鱼、一种蜥蜴和植物，文中未提到团队成员都是动物专家。] 5.A　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Luca这部动画电影，包括其故事内容和创作背景等。] B My name is Phil and I'm 18 years old now.I'm from Harwich，a town in England.You can see my friend Max and me in the picture when we were at primary school. At that time，Max and I were close friends.We had lots of things 　in_common　.For example，we were of the same age.We both liked reading history books.We enjoyed the same computer games.Football was one of our favorite sports.And we often had a great time playing football in our free time. However，Max left England when he was 13 because his father got a job in the US.Then we began to write to each other every month.I haven't seen him for a long time.But now I'm very happy because he is coming back to England next month！He's going to study at Oxford University.So we'll meet quite often. I can't wait to see him.We'll have lots of things to talk about.I know we'll enjoy our time together again. 6.What do the underlined words “in common” mean in Chinese? A.亲自的 B.清楚的 C.特殊的 D.共同的 7.What were Phil's hobbies at primary school? ①He liked playing basketball. ②He liked reading history books. ③He liked playing computer games. A.①②　　 B.②③ C.①③　 D.①②③ 8.Why did Max go to America? A.Because his father got a job there. B.Because his family was very rich. C.Because he wanted to look for a job there. D.Because he went to study at a university there. 9.Max 　________　 Phil after he went to America. A.called B.visited C.wrote to D.sent messages to 10.What can we know from the passage? A.Max is older than Phil. B.Phil wants to live with Max. C.Max can meet Phil next month. D.Phil will study at Oxford University. [语篇解读]　Phil在文中讲述了他与好朋友Max的故事。Max在13岁时去了美国，他下个月将会回到英格兰，Phil很期待再次见到Max。 6.D　[词义猜测题。根据画线短语后的“For example，we were of the same age...Football was one of our favorite sports.”可知，本段主要讲述了Phil和Max都喜欢做的事情，即两个人的共同爱好，故推断in common意为“共同的”。have sth.in common(with sb.)是固定搭配，意为“(与某人)有共同之处”。] 7.B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We both liked reading history books.We enjoyed the same computer games.Football was one of our favorite sports.”可知，Phil喜欢读历史书，玩电脑游戏和踢足球。文中并未提到Phil喜欢打篮球。] 8.A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“However，Max left England when he was 13 because his father got a job in the US.”可知，Max去美国是因为他爸爸在那里得到了一份工作。] 9.C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then we began to write to each other every month.”可知，Max去美国之后每个月都给Phil写信。write to sb.是固定搭配，意为“给某人写信”。] 10.C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But now I'm very happy because he is coming back to England next month！”可知，Max下个月要回英格兰，所以Max下个月就可以见到Phil了。] Ⅳ.书面表达 假如你是李华，来自新华中学，今年17岁。得知某报社正在招聘兼职英语记者，你准备应聘。请就此写一篇求职信。 要求：1.词数80～120左右； 2.注意格式和前后文逻辑。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Dear Sir or Madam， I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the position advertised on the newspaper—part­time English reporter. I am a student from Xinhua Middle School，aged 17 years old.I think I'm qualified for the job.First of all，as a student，I've read a lot and have much knowledge in many fields.I'm enthusiastic about English and do well not only in speaking but also in writing.Besides，I'm easy to get along with and enjoy working together with others.Last but not least，I once worked as a reporter for my school broadcasting station.So I'm sure I can do the job well if I get the position. I would appreciate it if you could allow me to get the job.I am looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Section 4 Language Practice—Grammar UNIT 7 Finding a Job 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 语法 探究突破 01 课后 素养提升 02 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 UNIT 7 Finding a Job 英语拓展模块（GJ） 非 谓 语 动 词 一、非谓语动词的含义 非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能作谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫作非谓语动词。 二、非谓语动词的形式 非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。其中，每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。具体如下： (一)动词不定式 1.动词的不定式基本形式 ①基本形式：to do(表示主动，并且一般表示将来) ②被动式：to be done(表示被动，并且一般表示将来) ③进行式：to be doing (表示主动和进行) ④完成时：to have done(表示主动和完成) ⑤完成被动式：to have been done(表示被动和完成) ⑥完成进行式：to have been doing (表示主动和完成进行) 2.不定式可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。 ①作主语 To learn a foreign language is difficult. 学会一门外语是很难的。 作真正主语，it做形式主语： It's easy to see their aunt. 很容易见到他们的姑姑。 ②作宾语 Tom wanted to have a cup of beer. 汤姆想要喝杯啤酒。 ③作表语 His wish is to be a driver. 他的愿望是当一名司机。 ④作定语 I have nothing to say. 我没有什么可说的。 ⑤作宾语补足语 The teacher told us to do morning exercises. 老师让我们做早操。 ⑥作目的状语 They went to see their aunt. 他们去见他们的姑姑。 (二)动名词 动名词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。 ①作主语 Reading aloud is very helpful. 大声朗读是很有好处的。 ②作表语 In the ant city，the queen's job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。 ③作宾语 We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。 ④作定语 He can't walk without a walking­stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。 ⑤作同位语 His habit，listening to the news on the radio，remains unchanged. 他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。 (三)现在分词 ①基本形式：doing (表示主动) ②被动式：being done(表示被动) ③完成式：having done(表示主动和完成) ④完成被动式：having been done(表示被动和完成) 1.作定语 In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。 2.现在分词作表语 The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。 3.作宾语补足语 He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。 4.现在分词作状语 ①作时间状语 (While) Working in the factory，he was an advanced worker. 在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。 ②作原因状语 Being a League member，he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。 ③作方式状语，表示伴随 He stayed at home，cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里，又擦又洗。 ④作条件状语 (If) Playing all day，you will waste your valuable time. 要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。 ⑤作结果状语 He dropped the glass，breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。 ⑥作目的状语 He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。 ⑦作让步状语 Though raining heavily，it cleared up very soon. 虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。 (四)过去分词 规则动词由动词原形加词尾­ed构成。 不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则 1.作定语 Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。 2.作表语 They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。 注意：be ＋ 过去分词，如果表示状态是系表结构，如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。 The window is broken.(系表结构) 窗户破了。 The window was broken by the boy.(被动语态) 窗户被那个男孩打破了。 3.作宾语补足语 I heard the song sung several times last week. 上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。 有时过去分词作with短语中的宾语补足语： With the work done，they went out to play. 工作做完了，他们出去玩去了。 4.作状语 ①表示原因 Praised by the neighbors，he became the pride of his parents. 受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。 ②表示时间 Once seen，it can never be forgotten. 一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。 ③表示条件 Given more time，I'll be able to do it better. 如果给予更多的时间，我能做得更好。 ④表示让步 Though told of the danger，he still risked his life to save the boy. 虽然被告知有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。 三、非谓语动词重难点 省去to 的不定式(do)作宾补的11个动词： 五看：see、watch、notice、observe、look at 两听：hear、listen to 三使：make、let、have 一感觉：feel 只接不定式(不能接动名词)作宾语的25个常用动词： want、would like、wish、help、hope、learn、manage、offer、plan、afford、agree、arrange、ask、beg、care、choose、decide、demand、determine、expect、fear、prepare、pretend、promise、refuse 只接动名词(不能接不定式)作宾语的51个常用动词： practice、consider、enjoy、finish、give up、imagine、keep、put off、risk、suggest、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、fancy、forbid、mention、 mind、miss、permit、prohibit、excuse、delay、miss、admit、be busy、be worth、feel like、can't stand、can't help、think of、dream of、be fond of、prevent...(from)、keep...from、stop...(from)、protect…from、set about、be engaged in、spend...(in)、succeed in、be used to、look forward to、object to、pay attention to、insist on、feel like 既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的8个动词： remember to do sth.记住要做某事(未做) remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做) forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做) regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事(未做) regret doing sth.后悔/抱歉做过某事(已做) try to do sth.努力做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 mean to do sth.计划做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 can't help to do sth.不能帮助做某事 can't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 go on to do sth.继续做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth.停下正在做的事情 Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.They kept the fire 　burning　 (burn) to keep them warm. 2.Who's the boy 　standing　 (stand) under the tree? 3.I don't like to sit here 　doing　 (do) nothing. 4.It often takes me half an hour 　to walk　 (walk) home. 5.Don't forget 　to give　 (give) her clean water every day. 6.The funny story makes us　 laugh　(laugh). 7.　Given　 (give) more attention，the trees could have grown better. 8.The first textbooks 　written　 (write) for English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. 9.The girl students enjoy 　singing　 (sing) English songs. 10.　Lost　 (lose) in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him. Ⅱ.单项选择 1.Thank you for 　 _______　 us so well. A.to teach　　　　　 B.teaches C.teaching D.taught 2.I often do some 　________　 on Sundays. A.washed B.to wash C.wash D.washing 3.I think it important 　________　 English well. A.learning B.learn C.to learn D.learned 4.She was often heard 　________　 in English. A.sing B.singing C.sung D.to sing 5.Our teacher told us 　________　 hard. A.to work B.working C.worked D.work 6.Could you tell me 　________　 this word? A.to how read B.how to read C.how read D.how read to 7.Climbing mountains was 　________　，so we all felt 　________　. A.tiring；tired B.tired；tiring C.tiring；tiring D.tired；tired 8.I saw some villagers 　________　 on the bench at the end of the room. A.seating B.seat C.seated D.seated themselves 9.She was glad to see her child well 　________　 care of. A.take B.to be taken C.taken D.taking 10.When 　________　 why he walked in without permission，he just stared at us and said nothing. A.been asked B.asked C.asking D.to be asked 答案：1－5　CDCDA　6－10　BACCB $$