Unit 2 Period 2 Grammar and usage（课件）英语译林版2020选择性必修第二册

Welcome to the unit & Reading Unit 2 Sports culture 译林版2020选择性必修第二册 Grammar and usage Contents 1. Lead in 2. Exploring the rules 3. Working out the rules 4. Applying the rules 5. Language points 6. Summary 7. Assessment 8. Homework Learning objectives lead Identify the use of the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses. Work out the rules of the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses. Use the right tenses to finish related tasks. Apply the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses in new contexts. 01. Lead in Lead in lead What are these people doing? They are taking part in a marathon race. Lead in lead What is Marathon? Marathon, long-distance footrace first held at the revival of the Olympic Games in Athens in 1896. It commemorates the legendary feat of a Greek soldier who, in 490 BC, is supposed to have run from Marathon to Athens, a distance of about 40 km (25 miles), to bring news of the Athenian victory over the Persians and then expired. Lead in lead What do you need to do to prepare for a marathon? Sign up Stay healthy Training 02. Exploring the rules Exploring the rules lead Read the blog post on page 20 , and and fill in the table below. Six weeks ago Over the past six weeks On the day of the city half-marathon Nicole agreed to take part in a city half-marathon for amateurs. Nicole started her training very gently on the first day, and gradually increased the distance in each training session. Nicole ran her race relaxed and confident, even though her limits were being tested like never before. Exploring the rules lead Go through the blog post again, Find the sentences that use the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses. My heart was beating rapidly in my chest as I found a shady place to rest my tired body. My cheeks were red, and I could hear myself breathing heavily as I looked up at the blue sky. When my breathing returned to normal, I reflected on what had just been achieved. Six weeks ago, my friends told me that a city half-marathon for amateurs was being organized to help raise money for charity, and encouraged me to take part. Despite my lack of running experience, I agreed. In order not to hurt my knees or ankles, I started my Exploring the rules lead training very gently by running just one kilometre on the first day. Over the next six weeks, I gradually increased the distance I ran in each training session and also made sure to allow my body enough time to rest and recover after each run. Soon I was running distances I had never thought possible. The day of the half-marathon finally arrived and I felt well prepared. I ate a hearty breakfast so I knew I could get through to the end. I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before. I was happy to learn that a lot of money had been raised for charity. I felt really proud of myself, and my friends and I agreed to run in the next city marathon! Exploring the rules lead Passive voice in the past continuous tense Passive voice in the past perfect tense ..., I reflected on what had just been achieved. ... a city half-marathon for amateurs was being organized ..., even though my limits were being tested like never before. I was happy to learn that a lot of money had been raised for charity. 03. Working out the rules Working out the rules lead The passive voice in the past continuous tense is used to refer to an action _________ (do) at a specific time in the ___ (present/past). The verb form is “__________________”. The passive voice in the past perfect tense is used to express an action completed ______ (before/after) a past time. The verb form is “_____________”. Working out the rules being done past was/were being done before had been done Working out the rules lead 过去进行时的被动语态 否定: 主语+was/were + not + being + done 一般疑问句: Was/Were+主语+being+done 特殊疑问句: 疑问词+was/were +主语+being +done 被动语态 过去进行时的被动语态 + = 主+be+done be+doing→being + = 过去进行时 主语+were /was +doing 主语+ was/were + being+done Working out the rules lead 1. 过去进行时的被动语态表示过去的某一特定时间正在进行的被动动作。 He was being interviewed by our director yesterday afternoon. 他昨天下午正在接受我们经理的面试。 This film was being shown then. 那时这部电影正在上映。 Working out the rules lead 2. 进行时的被动语态可以由“was / were + under / on等介词+名词”结构代替。 This film was being shown then. =This film was on show. 那时这部电影正在上映。 He didn’t stay in my room last night because it was being repaired. =He didn’t stay in my room last night because it was under repair. 昨天晚上他没有住在我房间里，我的房间正在修缮。 Working out the rules lead 1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作,常常与by, before, 等引导的时间状语（从句）连用。 By the time the teacher came in, the first experiment had been finished. 老师进来的时候,第一个实验已经完成了。 The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came in. 老师进来之前教室还没有打扫。 过去完成时的被动语态 Working out the rules lead 2. 过去完成时表示从过去某个时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作,常常与for, since引导的时间状语（从句）连用。 It was reported that the sale had been advertised for several weeks. 前门一被打开，我们就能闻到烧焦的气味。 Working out the rules lead 3. Scarcely /Rarely/Hardly/(过去完成时)（部分倒装）+when + 句子（过去时）或 No sooner +than… (过去完成时)（部分倒装）+句子（过去时）句型中，表示“刚……,就……, 一…….就……”.当从句中主语为动作的承受者时，从句中用过去完成时的被动语态。 Hardly had the front door been opened when we could smell something burning. 据报道，这场拍卖会已经做了几个星期的广告了。 Working out the rules lead 4. It / This / That was the first / second / ... time + that从句，当从句中主语为动作的承受者时，从句中用过去完成时的被动语态。 It was the first time that he had been awarded. 这是他第一次获奖。 Working out the rules lead What are the differences between these two tenses? How to choose the right form? Passive voice in the past continuous tense Passive voice in the past perfect tense State continuous (进行状态) perfect (完成状态) Time at a specific time in the past before a past time Form was/were being done had been done 04. Applying the rules Applying the rules lead 1. It was an amazing achievement for a player who ______________ (injure) so recently. 2. The swimming pool _________________________ (clean) thoroughly the day before the competition began. 3. He felt that his talents ________________(waste) as a basketball player and was eager for a change. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs. had been injured had been cleaned/was cleaned were being wasted Applying the rules lead 4. Tom was told that his teammate won the race while he ________________(treat) by the team doctor. 5. Photos of the riders _______________________(take) before they got on their horses. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs. was being treated had been taken/were taken Applying the rules lead By the time Cathy and I, together with other volunteers for the city half-marathon, arrived at 4:30 a.m., tables (1)_____________ on both sides of the road. Bottles of water and paper cups (2) __________ to different tables, so Cathy and I immediately went to help. Then, we took our place at the table and quickly started to arrange the bottles and cups so that they looked like an army of soldiers standing in line for inspection. I took a step back, and looked at the scene with satisfaction. For the previous Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs. had been placed were being carried make train blow place carry cheer Applying the rules lead couple of weeks, I (3)________________ on how to be a volunteer for the half-marathon. I decided to volunteer for this year's half-marathon after the chairman of the organizing committee visited my school. We were told that the competitors would be raising money for charity, and while I didn't feel that I had a strong constitution to run that far, I thought the next best thing would be to help those who could. After all the preparations (4)________________________, the exciting half-marathon began. Cathy and I waited patiently until word spread that the first had (been) trained had been made/were made make train blow place carry cheer Applying the rules lead runners would be arriving soon. As the tired, thirsty runners ran along, they (5)_________________ by the crowds. Cathy and I quickly poured water into the cups for them. After the last runner passed, I found paper cups and plastic bottles everywhere. The litter (6)______________ around by the wind as I bent over to pick up a plastic bottle. Cathy and I started clearing up. We were tired and wet with sweat but it felt really good to know that we had been able to help others. were being cheered was being blown make train blow place carry cheer Applying the rules lead Last year, we took part in/watched the annual basketball competition in our school. Make some sentences to describe the experience using the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses. (Words for help: train, cheer, fill, defeat, guard, seat) E.g. Our team had been trained for the previous couple of weeks and had a great chance of winning. Applying the rules lead When our classmates arrived, the playground was being filled by students, the air full of excitement. Once we had been seated, we immediately began to cheer for our teams. Our team was/were being cheered as they scored the goal. In the final, our team was being defeated by a small point difference. Possible version: 05. Language points Language points lead 重点词汇 1. I ran my race relaxed and confident,even though my limits were being tested like never before. limit...to... 把……限制在……内 be limited to... 被限制在…… without limit 无限地,无限制地 within the limit of 在……范围内 beyond the limit 超过限度 set a limit to 限制…… There is a/no limit to 对……是有限的/无限的 limit n.限度,限制;限量,限额;界限 vt.限制,限定;限量,减量 Language points lead limited adj.有限的 limitless adj.无限制的 单句语法填空 ① It was a good try but the findings were ______(limit).  ② The teacher limited his students ___500 words for their compositions.  ③ There is ___ limit to the amount of pain we can bear.  ④ And I’ve found that the possibilities that lie within books are ________(limit).  limited to a limitless Language points lead 2. Cathy and I quickly poured water into the cups for them. pour sb sth=pour sth for sb 给某人倒某物 pour down (雨)倾盆而下;下大雨 pour out 奔涌,迸发;畅所欲言 pour in 涌入，涌进 pour sth into sth 向……投入…… pour vt.& vi.倒,斟;倾倒,倒出;涌流,倾泻;下大雨 单句填空 ① After that I poured oil ___ a pan and turned on the stove.  ② She poured ___ her troubles to me over a cup of coffee.  ③ Hardly had I got home when the rain poured _____ .  into out down Language points lead 5. Another sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Tennis-Hill. applaud sb. 向某人鼓掌 applaud sb. /sth. (for sth. ) (因某事)称赞某人/某事 applause n.鼓掌；欢呼；掌声；喝彩 applaud vt.& vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌 The audience broke into thunderous ________(applaud). The warm-hearted citizens ______________ (applaud) for what they had done for the orphans. applause were applauded Language points lead 6. In addition to hosting the Olympics for the first time，China also ranked first on the medal table. rank sth. /sb. 把……分等级 rank first/second... 位居第一/二…… rank with 与……并列 people of all ranks 各阶层人士 first rank 一流 junior/senior rank 初/高级 rank vt.& vi.把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n.地位，级别；排，列；等级；军衔 _______(rank) of police armed with guns stood nervously by. Ranks Language points lead 7. With the Olympic Games，each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living，its faith in the future, its ambition and its will to ascend. have/lose faith in 对……有/失去信心 keep/break faith with 信守/违背对……的承诺 faithful adj.忠实的；守信的 be faithful to 忠实于；忠诚于 faithfully adv.忠实地；诚心诚意地 faith n.信心；宗教信仰 History is the best teacher. It _______(faith) witnesses the development path of each country and foretells the future to us. faithfully Language points lead 重点短语 1. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　回归正常 2. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　考虑；回想 3. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　训练课程 4. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　一顿丰盛的早餐 5. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　坚持到底 6. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　站成一排迎接检查 7. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　退后一步 8. 　　　　　　　　　　　 引起公众注意 9. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　在进行中 return to normal reflect on training session a hearty breakfast get through to the end stand in line for inspection take a step back come to public attention　 in the process　 Language points lead 10. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 满意地看着现场 11. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 之前的几周 12. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 有强健体格 13. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 有消息称 14. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 被汗水湿透 15. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 渴望某事 16. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 瘪的轮胎 17. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 达成一致 look at the scene with satisfaction the previous couple of weeks have a strong constitution word spreads that be wet with sweat be eager for sth. a flat tire/tyre reach an agreement Language points lead 根据汉语提示填空 1. 消息称H1N1病毒已经产生变异。 ____ _______ ___ there was a variant virus of H1N1. 2. 你的父亲希望你能成为社会上举足轻重的人物。 Your father __ ____ __ is eager for you to be an important man in society. 3. 直到昨天他的体温才恢复正常。 It was not until yesterday that his temperature ________ __ ______. 4. 仅仅背诵而不反思我们所学的东西是没有意义的。 There is no sense in just reciting instead of ________ __what we have learned. Word spreads that is eager for returned to normal reflecting on Language points lead 5. 我们俩也许该退让一步让别一个人先走。 Maybe we both should ____ __ ____ _____ to let another go first. 6. 达成协议的希望看来已逐渐渺茫。 Hopes of _________ __ ___________ seem to be fading away. 7. 突发事件应对与管理日益引起社会各界的关注。 emergency response and management _____ _____ __ ______ _________. 8. 锻炼完后，她的衬衫被汗水湿透了。 Her shirt ____ ___ ____ ______ was wet with sweat after the workout.   take a step back reaching an agreement was wet with sweat have come to public attention 06. Summary Summary lead 过去完成时 被动语态 had been done was/were being done 过去进行时 07. Assessment Assessment lead Learning Objectives Score(1-5) 1. After learning, I am able to identify the use of the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses 2. After learning, I am able to work out the rules of the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses. 3. After learning, I am able to use the right tenses to finish related tasks. 4. After learning, I am able to apply the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses in new contexts. 5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2-不太能；1-完全不能 08. Homework 在今年巴黎奥运会上中国运动员展现了向上，拼搏的精神，请选择其中一位，以“The Player/Athlete I Admire Most”为题完成120字左右的文章 内容包括： 1介绍这名运动员的身份，从事的运动领域，主要成就 2你钦佩他/她的原因 （技术，成就，品质，事迹等） 3对于他/她的评价或对于你的影响 Homework lead 一、单句语法填空 1. This interview was a follow-up to the one that _________________ (conduct) two weeks previously. 2. It was so noisy that I couldn't hear what ____________(say) on the phone. 3. I was still waiting at noon because no message of any kind ________________(receive). 4. —You took a taxi to the office yesterday. Why didn't you drive your car? — Oh, it _________________(repair) because of a flat tyre. had been conducted was being said had been received was being repaired 在今年巴黎奥运会上中国运动员展现了向上，拼搏的精神，请选择其中一位，以“The Player/Athlete I Admire Most”为题完成120字左右的文章 内容包括： 1介绍这名运动员的身份，从事的运动领域，主要成就 2你钦佩他/她的原因 （技术，成就，品质，事迹等） 3对于他/她的评价或对于你的影响 Homework lead 5. Charles Dickens’s novels ______________(make) into many films over the past decades. 6. Despite the efforts made by both sides, the differences were too great and no agreement ________________(reach) by the end of the talks. 7. Local residents were relocated to temporary accommodation while the construction work ______________(do). 8. The price of the products went down partly because a new technique __________________(introduce) to increase production. have been made had been reached was being done had been introduced 在今年巴黎奥运会上中国运动员展现了向上，拼搏的精神，请选择其中一位，以“The Player/Athlete I Admire Most”为题完成120字左右的文章 内容包括： 1介绍这名运动员的身份，从事的运动领域，主要成就 2你钦佩他/她的原因 （技术，成就，品质，事迹等） 3对于他/她的评价或对于你的影响 Homework lead 二、翻译句子 1. 她整个上午都在读一本英文杂志。 ________________________________________________________________ 2. 昨晚七点到九点，我们在打扫教室。 ________________________________________________________________ 3. 老师来之前，教室还没有打扫。 ________________________________________________________________ 4. 当他到家时，他发现他的钥匙已经被落在教室里了。 ________________________________________________________________ She was reading an English magazine the whole morning. We were cleaning the classroom from 7 to 9 last night. The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. When he got home, he found that his key had been left in the classroom. 在今年巴黎奥运会上中国运动员展现了向上，拼搏的精神，请选择其中一位，以“The Player/Athlete I Admire Most”为题完成120字左右的文章 内容包括： 1介绍这名运动员的身份，从事的运动领域，主要成就 2你钦佩他/她的原因 （技术，成就，品质，事迹等） 3对于他/她的评价或对于你的影响 Homework lead 三、实战高考 1. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who __________________(trap) in the mountains for two days. 2. I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ______________________(carry out) in the past two years. 3. When asked about the cause of the accident, the man in charge didn’t reveal anything and said it _______________________(investigate) 4. The movie ___________________(watch) by a large audience when the fire alarm went off. 5. It was the first time that I ________________(ask) to sing in public and I was a bit nervous. had been trapped was being investigated had been carried out was being watched had been asked Thank you for your listening $$