精品解析：北京市西城区2024—2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

北京市西城区2024-2025学年度第二学期期末试卷 高一英语 2025. 7 本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。 考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I卷 (共75分) I. 听力理解 (共三节，22.5分) 第一节： (共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分) 听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. How will the speakers go to the weekend market? A. By bike. B. By car. C. By bus. 2. Where did the man put the keys? A. On the TV stand. B. In his jacket pocket. C. On the kitchen table. 3. Which exhibition is the woman going to visit? A. Photography. B. Painting. C. Sculpture. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Where to buy necessary medicine. B. When to issue a hurricane warning. C. What to prepare before a natural disaster. 第二节： (共6小题；每小题1.5分，共9分) 听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。 听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。 5. What is wrong with the woman’s phone? A. Its screen is broken. B. It won’t turn on properly. C. The software can’t be updated. 6. What is the man? A. A salesman. B. An engineer. C. A waiter. 听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。 7 What is the woman’s major now? A. Applied physics. B. English literature. C. Computer programming. 8. Where might the conversation take place? A. In a library. B. In a theatre. C. In a school. 听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。 9. When will the food festival start? A. On August 5h. B. On August 15h. C. On August 25h. 10. Why does the man make the call? A. To apply for a stand. B. To sell seasonal fruits. C. To solve scheduling problems. 第三节： (共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分) 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。 How to Save Energy at Home Use energy-saving appliances Upgrade to energy-saving fridges and washing machines Change to LED lights to 11 lighting energy use Practise sensible energy 12 Turn off lights when leaving a room 13 electronics when they are not in use 14 heating and cooling needs Use 15 blinds: close them at night in winter to keep heat in and... Change your air-conditioner temperature to 27℃ in summer and heater to 20℃ in winter II. 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was eight, my father left. My mother became a single mom of six boys, working several jobs to keep us fed and sheltered. Life for us was ____1____. When I was having a hard time adapting to my not-so-happy life, I was paired with Paul in an AmeriCorps program. Paul is a systems engineer. He came into my life when I ____2____ him the most. He became the only educated person in my young life to whom I could talk and look to for ____3____. He became a light that helped lead me towards a better life. As I grew up, we would go out and have fun together. Of all the memories I have with him, one memory ____4____ in particular. We went to the Boston Harbor Islands for a trip in the middle of winter. Not paying attention to Paul’s ____5____, I was showing off my rock-jumping skills when I found myself ____6____ falling 15 feet into the icy harbor! Poor Paul quickly ____7____ me out of the water, and together, we got to ride a boat back to Boston from inside the heated captain’s room. Not all of our moments were this dramatic, ____8____ each was special. We baked cookies, we went to the movies, and we even changed car batteries together! During our time together, Paul really listened to what I said and kept showing me that I ____9____. Unlike so many poorly-educated people in my childhood neighborhood, I, ____10____ by Paul, went to college. After many years, I started my own ____11____. I completely enjoy the life of a businessman, with all its ups and downs. I feel ____12____ that through my difficult childhood, I developed my foundation — extreme patience and determination, and a strong ____13____ to always do good. I have come a long way from my hard beginnings. Paul would tell you that he is just a(n) ____14____ guy, who just showed up. But not me, when I look at Paul, I see my hero. When life was stacked (处于劣势) against me, he was there, moving me closer and closer to a better life. And it made a ____15____. 1. A. boring B. busy C. tough D. meaningless 2. A. trusted B. missed C. admired D. needed 3. A. guidance B. acceptance C. respect D. comfort 4. A. wears off B. sticks out C. flashes back D. gets away 5. A. warning B. reaction C. promise D. comment 6. A. smoothly B. effortlessly C. accidentally D. secretly 7. A. forced B. pulled C. held D. threw 8. A. and B. although C. because D. unless 9. A. succeeded B. changed C. progressed D. mattered 10. A. impressed B. touched C. encouraged D. praised 11. A. family B. company C. community D. union 12. A. confident B. curious C. powerful D. fortunate 13. A. desire B. emotion C. ability D. build 14. A. regular B. familiar C. amazing D. optimistic 15. A. connection B. point C. record D. difference 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在困难时期得到Paul的帮助，从而走向成功并心怀感恩的故事。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的生活很艰难。A. boring无聊的；B. busy忙碌的；C. tough艰难的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据上文“My mother became a single mom of six boys, working several jobs to keep us fed and sheltered.”可知，作者母亲独自抚养六个孩子，生活很艰难。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在我最需要他的时候走进了我的生活。A. trusted信任；B. missed错过；C. admired钦佩；D. needed需要。根据下文“He became the only educated person in my young life to whom I could talk”、“He became a light that helped lead me towards a better life”、“When life was stacked against me, he was there, moving me closer and closer to a better life.”可知，他成了作者年轻时唯一能和他交谈的受过教育的人，他成了引领作者走向更美好生活的明灯，所以此处指他在作者最需要他的时候走进了作者的生活，故选D。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他成为了我年轻时唯一一个受过教育的人，我可以和他交谈并寻求指导。A. guidance指导；B. acceptance接受；C. respect尊重；D. comfort安慰。根据上文“He became the only educated person in my young life”可知，Paul是受过教育的人，因此作者可以向他寻求指导，故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在所有和他在一起的回忆中，有一个记忆特别突出。A. wears off磨损；B. sticks out突出；C. flashes back回闪；D. gets away离开。根据下文“Not paying attention to Paul’s ____ , I was showing off my rock-jumping skills when I found myself ____ falling 15 feet into the icy harbor! Poor Paul quickly ____ me out of the water, and together, we got to ride a boat back to Boston from inside the heated captain’s room.”可知，下文描述的作者和Paul去波士顿港群岛旅行的经历可知，这个记忆特别突出，故选B。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有注意Paul的警告，当我发现自己意外地从15英尺高的地方掉进冰冷的港口时，我正在炫耀我的跳岩技巧！A. warning警告；B. reaction反应；C. promise承诺；D. comment评论。根据下文“I was showing off my rock-jumping skills when I found myself ____ falling 15 feet into the icy harbor”可知，作者没有注意Paul的警告，发生了意外。故选A。 【6题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. smoothly顺利地；B. effortlessly轻松地；C. accidentally意外地；D. secretly秘密地。根据上文“I was showing off my rock-jumping skills”和下文“falling 15 feet into the icy harbor”可知，作者在炫耀跳岩技巧，因此是意外掉进港口，故选C。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：可怜的Paul很快把我从水里拉了出来，我们一起从加热的船长室里乘船回到波士顿。A. forced强迫；B. pulled拉；C. held握住；D. threw扔。根据下文“me out of the water”可知，Paul把作者从水里拉了出来，故选B。 【8题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：并不是我们所有的时刻都这么戏剧化，但每一个都很特别。A. and和；B. although虽然；C. because因为；D. unless除非。根据上文“Not all of our moments were this dramatic”和下文“each was special”可知，前后是转折关系，故选B。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们相处的时间里，Paul真的听我说了什么，并一直向我展示我很重要。A. succeeded成功；B. changed改变；C. progressed进步；D. mattered重要。根据上文“Paul really listened to what I said”可知，Paul倾听作者说话，让作者感到自己很重要，故选D。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与童年时邻居中许多受教育程度低的人不同，在Paul的鼓励下，我上了大学。A. impressed给……留下深刻印象；B. touched感动；C. encouraged鼓励；D. praised表扬。根据上文“Unlike so many poorly-educated people in my childhood neighborhood”以及下文“I went to college”可知，作者在Paul的鼓励下上了大学，故选C。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年后，我创办了自己的公司。A. family家庭；B. company公司；C. community社区；D. union联盟。根据下文“I completely enjoy the life of a businessman”可知，作者创办了自己的公司，故选B。 【12题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很幸运，通过我艰难的童年，我建立了我的基础——极度的耐心和决心，以及总是做好事的强烈愿望。A. confident自信的；B. curious好奇的；C. powerful强大的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据下文“through my difficult childhood, I developed my foundation — extreme patience and determination”可知，作者感到很幸运，故选D。 【13题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. desire愿望；B. emotion情感；C. ability能力；D. build建造。根据下文“to always do good”可知，作者有总是做好事的强烈愿望，故选A。 【14题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Paul会告诉你，他只是一个普通人，只是出现了。A. regular普通的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. amazing惊人的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据下文“who just showed up. But not me, when I look at Paul, I see my hero”可知，虽然作者认为Paul是自己的英雄，Paul认为自己只是一个普通人，故选A。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这产生了影响。A. connection连接；B. point点；C. record记录；D. difference不同。根据上文“When life was stacked against me, he was there, moving me closer and closer to a better life.”可知，Paul对作者产生了影响，make a difference“产生影响”，故选D。 III. 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Planning a camping trip this summer? Canada has a variety of options. We hand selected these sites for you because camping is such an important part of the summer experience in our country. Pacific Rim National Park The main draw: Long Beach is the best Pacific experience—22 kilometres of sand with a horizon that disappears into the ocean. The campsites here sit very close to the ocean. Things to do: Start by exploring the beach. Of course, you can also go for a swim, but be aware that the water is about 10℃. If you’re into surfing, there are almost always waves at Long Beach. Grey whales spend the summer in the waters just offshore, providing whale watching opportunities. Alice Lake Provincial Park The main draw: What this small park lacks in size, it makes up for in location, sitting just north of Squamish — “Canada’s Outdoor Recreation Capital”. Campground paths link into the area’s world-class mountain-biking network. Things to do: You can warm up for Squamish mountain biking with a three-kilometre ride starting just outside the campground. You can also cool off with a swim in Alice Lake or relax on its sandy beaches. And don’t miss Squamish’s Howe Sound restaurant here, you can try their delicious wood-fired pizza. Mount Robson Provincial Park The main draw: There’s no better place to admire the highest mountain in the Canadian Rockies than at the Berg Lake Campground. The campground is located beside a small lake that contains mini icebergs that have broken off from a glacier (冰川) on the mountain above. Things to do: The Berg Lake area has several world-class hikes. The Snowbird Pass hike is a tough 22-kilometre round trip. The lake provides a peaceful and beautiful environment for visitors to boat and enjoy the surrounding mountain scenery. Peter Lougheed Provincial Park The main draw: This camping area in Alberta’s Kananaskis Country is popular with the locals. It has all the characteristics you get in nearby Banff, but without the crowds. You can only reach it by hiking for about three kilometres. Things to do: Besides fishing, you can relax in the flower-filled fields and enjoy nice mountain views at South Kananaskis Pass. Use kayaks (皮划艇) to explore the shoreline of Upper Kananaskis Lake. 16. What can visitors do in Pacific Rim-National Park? A. Enjoy fishing. B. Watch grey whales. C. Try mountain biking. D. Eat a wood-fired pizza. 17. If you want to go for world-class hikes, you can explore ________. A. Pacific Rim National Park B. Alice Lake Provincial Park C. Mount Robson Provincial Park D. Peter Lougheed Provincial Park 18. What do the four parks have in common? A. They all offer water activities. B. They all have peaceful campsites. C. They all feature beautiful mountain views. D. They all make good destinations for hiking. 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加拿大四个夏季可露营的公园，包括各自的特色和提供的游玩项目。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pacific Rim National Park部分“Grey whales spend the summer in the waters just offshore, providing whale watching opportunities.(灰鲸在近海水域度过夏天，为观赏鲸鱼提供了机会)”可知，在Pacific Rim-National Park游客可以观看灰鲸。故选B。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mount Robson Provincial Park部分“The Berg Lake area has several world-class hikes.(贝格湖地区有几处世界级的徒步旅行)”可知，如果想体验世界级的徒步旅行，可以探索Mount Robson Provincial Park。故选C。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pacific Rim National Park部分“Start by exploring the beach. Of course, you can also go for a swim, but be aware that the water is about 10℃. If you’re into surfing, there are almost always waves at Long Beach.(从探索海滩开始。当然，你也可以去游泳，但要注意水温约为10℃。如果你喜欢冲浪，长滩几乎总是有海浪)”，Alice Lake Provincial Park部分“ You can also cool off with a swim in Alice Lake or relax on its sandy beaches. (你也可以在爱丽丝湖游泳降温，或者在沙滩上放松)”，Mount Robson Provincial Park部分“The lake provides a peaceful and beautiful environment for visitors to boat and enjoy the surrounding mountain scenery.(湖提供了一个宁静而美丽的环境，供游客划船和欣赏周围的山景)”和Peter Lougheed Provincial Park部分“Use kayaks (皮划艇) to explore the shoreline of Upper Kananaskis Lake.(使用皮划艇探索上卡纳纳斯基湖的海岸线)”可知，四个公园都提供了水上活动。故选A。 B Four years ago, Christina traveled to India with her family. At a market in Bombay, she was surprised to see rows of objects made of ivory (象牙). Globally, the ivory trade has been against the law for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been prohibited in India since the 1970s. Curious, Christina did some research and discovered a shocking piece of data: Africa’s forest elephant population had dropped by about 62 percent between 2008 and 2019. And the numbers continue to drop. A wildlife lover, Christina wanted to do something to help protect the species that is still threatened by poaching (偷猎). Over the course of two years, Christina created ElSa (short for elephant savior), a low-cost model of an AI-driven software that looks at movement patterns in thermal infrared (热能红外) videos of humans and elephants. Christina says the software is four times more accurate (精确的) than existing advanced methods. ElSa uses a thermal camera that connects to a smart phone. The camera and the phone are then attached to a drone, and the system produces real-time results as it flies over parks, showing whether objects below are human or elephant. Her project won an award in the world’s largest international pre-college STEM competition. Christina first learned about the capabilities of AI just after ninth grade. Once at an AI conference, Christina met April Moss, a Harvard computer scientist who was working on a wildlife protection project using drones and machine learning. Christina reached out to the computer scientist about her idea to catch elephant poachers using movement patterns, and Moss was happy to help her with the software project. After numerous improvements, Christina finally created ElSa, which was able to pick out humans with over 90 percent accuracy. In the fall, Christina will attend the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she wants to study electrical engineering and computer science. She has plans to enlarge her movement pattern research into other endangered animals. And she wants to begin using her software in national parks in Africa. “Research isn’t a straight line,” Christina says. “That has made me more resourceful. It also helped me develop into a more creative thinker. You learn along the way.” 19. Which is the probable order of the following events? ① Christina saw ivory products on sale in Bombay. ② Christina created ElSa. ③ Christina attended an AI conference. A. ①②③ B. ②③① C. ①③② D. ③①② 20. From the passage, we can learn that ElSa ________. A. is more cost-saving than the existing model B. can identify poachers using movement patterns C. is good at telling the differences between animals D. can predict the movements of humans and elephants 21. What is Christina’s future plan? A. To study wildlife protection in university. B. To take part in a college STEM competition. C. To work with April Moss on a project in Africa. D. To apply her software to other endangered animals. 22. According to the passage, which words would best describe Christina? A. Honest and resourceful. B. Responsible and creative. C. Generous and intelligent. D. Considerate and hard-working. 【答案】19. C 20. B 21. D 22. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述克里斯蒂娜因目睹象牙贸易，研发AI软件ElSa识别偷猎者，获大奖，计划扩展至其他濒危动物保护，从中学会应变与创新。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Four years ago, Christina traveled to India with her family. At a market in Bombay, she was surprised to see rows of objects made of ivory (象牙).(四年前，克里斯蒂娜和家人一起去了印度。在孟买的一个市场里，她惊讶地看到一排排用象牙制成的物品)”、第四段“Christina first learned about the capabilities of AI just after ninth grade. Once at an AI conference, Christina met April Moss, a Harvard computer scientist who was working on a wildlife protection project using drones and machine learning. Christina reached out to the computer scientist about her idea to catch elephant poachers using movement patterns, and Moss was happy to help her with the software project.(克里斯蒂娜第一次了解到人工智能的能力是在九年级之后。有一次在一次人工智能会议上，克里斯蒂娜遇到了哈佛大学的计算机科学家艾普莉·莫斯，她正在研究一个使用无人机和机器学习的野生动物保护项目。克里斯蒂娜向这位计算机科学家提出了利用运动模式捕捉偷猎者的想法，莫斯很乐意帮助她完成这个软件项目)”以及第三段中“Over the course of two years, Christina created ElSa (short for elephant savior), a low-cost model of an AI-driven software that looks at movement patterns in thermal infrared (热能红外) videos of humans and elephants.(在两年的时间里，克里斯蒂娜创造了ElSa（大象救世主的缩写），这是一款低成本的人工智能驱动软件，可以观察人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。)”可推知事件顺序为：先看到象牙制品（①），再参加AI会议，遇到正在研究一个使用无人机和机器学习的野生动物保护项目的计算机科学家艾普莉·莫斯（③），最后创建ElSa（②）。正确顺序为①③②。故选C。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“ElSa uses a thermal camera that connects to a smart phone. The camera and the phone are then attached to a drone, and the system produces real-time results as it flies over parks, showing whether objects below are human or elephant.(艾尔莎使用的热像仪连接到智能手机上。然后将摄像头和手机连接到一架无人机上，当无人机飞过公园上空时，系统会产生实时结果，显示下面的物体是人还是大象。)”以及第四段中“Christina reached out to the computer scientist about her idea to catch elephant poachers using movement patterns, and Moss was happy to help her with the software project. After numerous improvements, Christina finally created ElSa, which was able to pick out humans with over 90 percent accuracy.(克里斯蒂娜向这位计算机科学家提出了利用运动模式捕捉偷猎者的想法，莫斯很乐意帮助她完成这个软件项目。经过多次改进，克里斯蒂娜最终创造了ElSa，它能够以超过90%的准确率辨别出人类。)”可知，ElSa能够通过运动模式来识别偷猎者。故选B。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She has plans to enlarge her movement pattern research into other endangered animals.(她打算将自己在动物运动模式方面的研究拓展到其他濒危动物身上)”可知，克里斯蒂娜的未来计划是将她的软件应用到其他濒危动物身上。故选D。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“A wildlife lover, Christina wanted to do something to help protect the species that is still threatened by poaching (偷猎).(作为一名野生动物爱好者，克里斯蒂娜想要做点事情来帮助保护这个仍然受到偷猎威胁的物种)”以及第三段“Over the course of two years, Christina created ElSa (short for elephant savior), a low-cost model of an AI-driven software that looks at movement patterns in thermal infrared (热能红外) videos of humans and elephants.(在两年的时间里，克里斯蒂娜创造了ElSa（大象救世主的缩写），这是一种低成本的人工智能驱动软件模型，可以观察人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式)”可知，克里斯蒂娜责任心强且富有创造力。故选B。 C Do cats remember who their mother is? The answer to this question is a bit complex. Cats are unsocial animals. Their relationships don’t function the same as those of people. Therefore, cats don’t remember their mothers in the same way that humans do. Cats use smell to identify one another. Mothers and kittens may continue to recognize each other if they are never separated. If they are separated, they will likely not recognize each other when they are reunited. After all. their smell will have changed, which will cause their “identity” to change. Even if a mother and her kittens aren’t separated, a kitten’s smell will begin to change when it is around 12 weeks old. Before then, the kittens spend their time in a nesting box, which causes them to develop a unique smell. After they stop spending so much time in their box, the smell slowly goes away, and the cats will adopt the smell of their environment. Eventually, it will change enough to prevent the cats from identifying each other as littermates (同窝出生的仔畜). Do mother cats know who their kittens are? Various studies have been performed on whether cats have an inborn sense of who their kittens are. Most cats accept any kitten that suckles (吮吸) on them. You can take kittens from different mothers and give them to the same mother cat, and she will typically accept them. Therefore, cats likely don’t have a strong sense of which kittens are “theirs”. They take care of whichever kittens are in their nesting box. However cats typically use smell to recognize other cats that they know. Kittens that spend time in a mother’s nesting box will usually be cared for by that mother, as they “smell” like her kittens. This is true even if the kittens aren’t biologically hers. Therefore, the mother cat doesn’t know which kittens she gave birth to. However, there is a sense of which kittens are “hers” based on which ones are in her nesting box and smell like it. If any kittens disappear, she will likely notice and look for them. But that isn’t always true. Sometimes, cats don’t realize that they have fewer kittens. When the kittens grow, the mother may recognize that they are her kittens if they are kept around and not separated. However, she won’t develop the same mother-child relationship that humans do. Cats typically don’t form “family” ties. 23. What does the author intend to do by mentioning human relationships in Paragraph 1? A. Highlight a difference. B. Give a suggestion. C. Make an assumption. D. Express a doubt. 24. Cats are able to know who their mothers are because of their ________. A. strong attachments B. inborn skills C. biological relationship D. shared smell 25. Regarding a mother’s relationship with her kittens, we can learn that ________. A. mothers’ love for their kittens lasts a lifetime B. mothers will miss their kittens if they are separated C. mothers don’t always remember which kittens they gave birth to D. mothers drive away their kittens when they are about 12 weeks old 26. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To show why cats fail to identify their littermates. B. To point out when kittens tend to leave their mothers. C. To explore what factors affect mother-kitten recognition. D. To explain how to strengthen cats’ mother-child relationship. 【答案】23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。猫是否记得母亲较复杂，它们靠气味识别，分开后因气味变化可能不认；母猫也难辨亲生幼崽，通常无人类般母子关系和家庭纽带。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Their relationships don’t function the same as those of people. Therefore, cats don’t remember their mothers in the same way that humans do.(它们之间的关系与人类的关系有所不同。因此，猫不会像人类那样记住自己的母亲)”可知，作者在第一段中提及人际关系的目的是强调猫与人类在亲子关系上的差异。故选A。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Cats use smell to identify one another. Mothers and kittens may continue to recognize each other if they are never separated. If they are separated, they will likely not recognize each other when they are reunited. After all. their smell will have changed, which will cause their “identity” to change.(猫是通过嗅觉来辨认彼此的。母猫和小猫即便从未分开过，也能一直认出对方。但如果它们分开后又重新相遇，它们很可能就无法认出彼此了。毕竟。它们的气味会发生变化，这会导致它们的‘身份’也随之改变)”可知，猫能够认出自己的母亲，这是因为它们之间有着相似的气味。故选D。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Therefore, the mother cat doesn’t know which kittens she gave birth to.(因此，母猫并不知道自己生下了哪些幼崽)”可知，母猫并不总是能记得自己生下了哪些幼崽。故选C。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Do cats remember who their mother is? The answer to this question is a bit complex. Cats are unsocial animals. Their relationships don’t function the same as those of people. Therefore, cats don’t remember their mothers in the same way that humans do.(猫能记住自己的母亲是谁吗？这个问题的答案有点复杂。猫是不太善于社交的动物。它们之间的关系与人类的关系有所不同。因此，猫不会像人类那样记住自己的母亲)”结合文章主要说明了猫是否记得母亲较复杂，它们靠气味识别，分开后因气味变化可能不认；母猫也难辨亲生幼崽，通常无人类般母子关系和家庭纽带。可知，这篇文章的目的是探究影响母猫与幼猫识别能力的因素。故选C。 D A 2023 study from the University of Bath found that younger generations have higher levels of perfectionism, or having exceptionally high standards and being overly self-critical, compared with previous generations at the same period in their lives. Using data taken from 40,000 North American and British university students, researchers found evidence that the extent to which young people place an unreasonable importance on “being perfect” had increased. Growing competition for university places and jobs, and increasingly strict parents were listed among contributing factors. The World Economic Forum describes it as a “hidden wave of perfectionism” and connects perfectionism with serious mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety and eating disorders. Clinical psychologist Ellen Hendriksen says that perfectionism isn’t necessarily about being perfect; instead, it’s about never being good enough. “It’s an inner push to do more, and always be better but, eventually, it costs us more than it buys us,” she says. Of course there is nothing wrong with simply wanting to do well and having high standards for yourself. So, when does this become a problem? Ellen says it has to do with the reason why you’re pursuing (追求) something. “There’s a difference between doing something as well as you can and making something perfect. If you enjoy the journey of doing something, that’s great. But if you’re doing it because you want to prove you’re good enough—that’s what perfectionism is.” What are the tell-tale signs that you’re a perfectionist? One common characteristic of perfectionism is procrastination (拖延), but not for the reasons you might normally attach to it, such as laziness. “Often perfectionists fear that they’re not going to be able to perform to the level that others might expect, or that the end result won’t be good enough,” Ellen explains, “so it’s not actually the avoidance of a task; it’s avoidance of negative emotions connected with a task.” Other elements of perfectionism can be seen in the way these people make decisions. There are two extremes: those who make quick decisions and believe that they are absolutely making the “correct” or “right” decision, and others who are so worried about making the wrong decision, and regret that they spend too much time agonizing over it, researching, weighing advantages and disadvantages and talking to people for encouragement. So how do we break free from perfectionism? It starts with challenging the original beliefs that drive it. Perfectionism is often rooted in fear—fear of failure, criticism, or not being good enough. Asking ourselves questions like, “What’s the worst that could happen if this isn’t perfect?” can help us put things into perspective (正确认识). By letting go of the fear of imperfection, we free ourselves to take risks, become more creative, and reach our true potential 27. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. How perfectionism harms young people B. Why there exists a hidden wave of perfectionism. C. When perfectionism may lead to mental illnesses. D. What drives younger generations to pursue perfection. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. Doing one’s best typically marks perfectionism. B. The pursuit of perfection is the main cause of mental issues. C. Rushing into decisions causes more problems than weighing options. D. Fear of failure plays a key role in connecting perfectionism and procrastination. 29. What does the phrase “agonizing over” underlined in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Insisting on. B. Struggling with. C. Crying over. D. Dreaming about. 30. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Price of Perfection: Perfectionism Holds You Back B. The Lie of Perfection: Unrealistic Goals Worsen Anxiety C. The Root of Perfectionism: Fear of Not Being Good Enough D. The Trap of Perfectionism: Wanting to Be Perfect Causes Self-Doubt 【答案】27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。2023 年巴斯大学研究发现年轻一代完美主义程度更高，其成因包括竞争加剧等，与多种心理疾病相关，文章还说明了其特征及应对方法。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“The World Economic Forum describes it as a “hidden wave of perfectionism” and connects perfectionism with serious mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety and eating disorders. Clinical psychologist Ellen Hendriksen says that perfectionism isn’t necessarily about being perfect; instead, it’s about never being good enough. “It’s an inner push to do more, and always be better but, eventually, it costs us more than it buys us,” she says.(世界经济论坛将其描述为“一种隐性的完美主义浪潮”，并将其与诸如抑郁症、焦虑症和饮食失调等严重精神疾病联系起来。临床心理学家艾伦·亨德里克森表示，完美主义并非意味着一定要做到完美；相反，它意味着永远都不够好。“这是一种内在的动力，促使我们做得更多，并且永远力求做得更好，但最终，这给我们带来的代价要高于我们所获得的回报，”她说)”可知，第三段主要讲的是完美主义如何对年轻人造成伤害。故选A。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“ One common characteristic of perfectionism is procrastination (拖延), but not for the reasons you might normally attach to it, such as laziness. “Often perfectionists fear that they’re not going to be able to perform to the level that others might expect, or that the end result won’t be good enough,” Ellen explains(完美主义的一个共同特征是拖延症，但并不是你通常认为的原因，比如懒惰。“完美主义者通常担心自己无法达到别人期望的水平，或者最终结果不够好，”艾伦解释说)”最后一段“Perfectionism is often rooted in fear—fear of failure, criticism, or not being good enough. (完美主义通常源于恐惧——害怕失败、批评或不够好)”可知，对失败的恐惧在完美主义与拖延症的关联中起着关键作用。故选D。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“others who are so worried about making the wrong decision, and regret that they spend too much time(另一种则是那些非常担心做出错误决定的人，他们会因为花费过多时间)”以及后文“researching, weighing advantages and disadvantages and talking to people for encouragement (进行研究、权衡利弊以及向他人寻求鼓励而感到懊悔)”可知，另一种人因为花费了过多时间挣扎于错误决定而感到懊悔。故划线词意思是“挣扎于”。故选B。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A 2023 study from the University of Bath found that younger generations have higher levels of perfectionism, or having exceptionally high standards and being overly self-critical, compared with previous generations at the same period in their lives.(巴斯大学2023年的一项研究发现，与同年龄段的前几代人相比，年轻一代更倾向于追求完美，即有着极高的标准并且对自己要求过于严格)”结合文章主要说明了2023年巴斯大学研究显示年轻一代完美主义加剧，与竞争、严教相关，其危害、特征及摆脱方法也被阐述。可知，A选项“完美主义的代价：完美主义会阻碍你的进步”最符合文章标题。故选A。 第Ⅱ卷 (共65分) I. 选词填空 (共7小题；每小题2分，共14分) 用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。 lose current admire found perform energy memory 31. Jane Goodall, the ________ of Roots & Shoots, made a trip to China this past April to develop her youth eco-education program. 32. ________, the price of coffee beans is low, but it might increase soon. 33. Despite her old age, our Taiji teacher remains ________ and flexible. 34. The band’s live ________ at the music festival attracted thousands of people. 35. The recent flooding resulted in a heavy agricultural ________, destroying 80% of the local crops. 36. It took Kevin only two days to ________ all his lines for the play. 37. Tu Youyou’s commitment to her work is so ________ that it has inspired people from all fields. 【答案】31. founder 32. Currently 33. energetic 34. performance 35. loss 36. memorize##memorise 37. admirable 【解析】 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：Jane Goodall是“根与芽”组织的创始人，她于今年4月前往中国，以发展她的青年生态教育项目。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的“of Roots & Shoots”可知，空处应用名词founder“创始人”，作Jane Goodall的同位语。故填founder。 【32题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前，咖啡豆的价格很低，但可能很快就会上涨。根据空后的“but it might increase soon”可知，空处应用副词currently“目前”，作状语，修饰整个句子，且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Currently。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尽管年事已高，我们的太极老师仍然精力充沛，身体灵活。根据空后的“and flexible”可知，空处应用形容词energetic“精力充沛的”，与flexible并列，作remains的表语。故填energetic。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：乐队在音乐节上的现场表演吸引了成千上万的人。根据空前的“The band’s live”和空后的“at the music festival”可知，空处应用名词performance“表演”，作主语，此处特指乐队在音乐节上的现场表演，应用单数形式。故填performance。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：最近的洪水造成了严重的农业损失，摧毁了当地80%的农作物。根据空前的“a heavy agricultural”和空后的“destroying 80% of the local crops”可知，空处应用名词loss“损失”，作宾语，此处指农业损失，应用单数形式。故填loss。 【36题详解】 考查动词。句意：凯文只花了两天时间就记住了他在剧中的所有台词。根据空后的“all his lines for the play”可知，空处应用动词memorize/memorise“记住”，位于不定式符号to后，所以空处应用动词原形。故填memorize/memorise。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：屠呦呦对工作奉献精神令人钦佩，激励了各行各业的人们。根据空前的“Tu Youyou’s commitment to her work is so”可知，空处应用形容词admirable“令人钦佩的”，作表语，构成“so+形容词+that”结构。故填admirable。 II. 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1分，共10分) 在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 38. Can you imagine ________ (see) the earth from outer space?(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】seeing 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：你能想象从外太空看地球吗？分析句子可知，动词imagine后接动名词作宾语，空处应使用其动名词形式。故填seeing。 39. ________ (understand) the poem further, students can look up some information about the poet. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】To understand 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：为了进一步理解这首诗，学生可以查阅一些关于诗人的信息。句中已有谓语can look up，空处应使用其非谓语形式，引导一个表示目的的状语结构，强调动作的意图，因此，需使用其不定式形式to understand，位于句首时首字母大写。故填To understand。 40. The rescue team rushed to the mountain village ________ heavy rainfall had caused landslides. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：救援队赶到了大雨引发山体滑坡的村庄。本空引导定语从句，先行词是the mountain village，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 41. ________ he saw in the documentary made him reflect on the impact of climate change. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他在这部纪录片中所看到的内容让他开始思考气候变化所带来的影响。引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物故用what，首字母大写。故填What。 42. Remembering words letter by letter ________ (be) not the best way to learn English. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：逐个字母记单词并不是学习英语的最好方法。此处描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时态；动名词短语Remembering words letter by letter作主语，be动词需用is。故填is。 43. The tool with ________ he fixed the car is very expensive. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他修理汽车用的工具很贵。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为the tool，且在从句中，介词提前时，其空处可使用关系代词which指代物，构成with which结构。故填which。 44. All the activities ________ (prepare) for the guests are listed in the brochure. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】prepared 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为客人准备的所有活动都列在小册子里。本句已有谓语动词are listed，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词activities；activities与prepare“准备”为被动关系，用过去分词prepared，作后置定语。故填prepared。 45. One thing to consider is ________ you can turn to for help when you are in trouble. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who##whom 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：需要考虑的一点是，当你遇到困难时，你可以向谁寻求帮助。引导表语从句，从句缺少宾语，指人，故填who/whom。 46. The car accident ________ (occur) shortly after the traffic light turned green. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】occurred 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：这起车祸发生在交通信号灯变绿后不久。根据后文turned可知发生在过去用一般过去时。故填occurred。 47. The project involves team members ________ (range) from beginners to senior experts. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ranging 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目涉及的团队成员从初学者到高级专家都有。已有谓语动词involves，空处需填非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词team members，team members和range“变化，变动，包括……之间的各类事物”为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填ranging。 III. 完成句子 (共5小题；第63、64题每题2分，第65、66、67题每题3分，共13分) 根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。 48. 我们不应该背弃自然。 (turn one’s back on) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We shouldn’t turn our backs on nature. 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词及固定短语。表示“我们”用we，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写；表示“不应该”用情态动词should的否定形式shouldn’t；表示“背弃”用固定短语turn one’s back on，由于主语是we，所以one’s用our；表示“自然”用nature，作turn our backs on的宾语。故翻译为We shouldn’t turn our backs on nature. 49. 我不在的时候你能负责会议吗? (take charge of) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Could you take charge of the meeting while I’m away? 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词、动词短语和时间状语从句。“你能……吗”是提出请求的疑问句，通常用情态动词“Could”来引导，使语气更加委婉客气；主语“你”为you；“负责”是固定短语“take charge of”；“会议”表特指，是“the meeting”；“我不在的时候”是时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，用“while”引导，“不在”可翻译为“be away”，主语是“I”，be动词用“am”，故整句翻译为Could you take charge of the meeting while I’m away? 50. Mike购物时总是使用布袋，为环境保护尽一份力。 (do one’s part for) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When Mike goes shopping, he always uses cloth bags to do his part for environmental protection. 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句、动词短语和名词。本句描述的是一个经常性的行为，所以使用一般现在时；表示“Mike购物时”应用When Mike goes shopping，其中When引导时间状语从句，go shopping意为“购物”；表示“他总是使用布袋”应用he always uses cloth bags，主语为he，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式uses，always“总是”为频度副词，cloth bags“布袋”为名词短语作宾语；表示“为环境保护尽一份力”应用to do his part for environmental protection，to do结构表示目的，do one’s part for...意为“为……尽一份力”，environmental protection“环境保护”为名词短语。故翻译为When Mike goes shopping, he always uses cloth bags to do his part for environmental protection. 51. 老师们想了解学生通常如何去学校。 (从句) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Teachers want to know how students usually travel to school. 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句及时态。表示“老师们”用teachers，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写；表示“想要了解”用want to know，句子描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语用原形；表示“学生通常如何去学校”用how引导的宾语从句，作know的宾语；从句中：表示“学生们”用students，作主语；表示“去学校”用travel to school，主语为复数，谓语用动词原形；表示“通常”用副词usually，修饰travel，作状语。故翻译为Teachers want to know how students usually travel to school. 52. 他们在山里迷路了，最后走了两个小时才找到出去的路。 (end up doing) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】They got lost in the mountains and ended up walking for two hours before finding the way out. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。发生在过去用一般过去时；主语为they；表示“在山里迷路”短语为get lost in the mountains；表示“最后”短语为end up doing sth.；表示“走了两个小时”为walking for two hours；表示“才找到出去的路”用连词before引导时间状语从句，从句省略主语和be动词，翻译为before finding the way out。故翻译为They got lost in the mountains and ended up walking for two hours before finding the way out. IV. 阅读表达 (共4小题；每小题2分，共8分) 阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。 Cave exploration is an exciting activity where people go to explore an unknown cave. When it comes to exploring caves, “spelunking” and “caving” are always used. In 1940, an American caver named Clay Perry wrote about a group of cave explorers who called themselves spelunkers. It was the first time that the word had been heard in cave exploration circles. The word spelunker comes from the Latin word spelunca, which means cavern, cave, or den in English. Also, the word spelunca itself comes from the Greek word Spelynk which simply means cave. On the other hand, the word caving comes from the Latin word cavea or cavern. This word means to cave. Caving and spelunking are actually the same, but very different in some ways. The difference between these two terms began to surface in the 1960s when real cave explorers referred to spelunkers as inexperienced and ill-equipped. Spelunkers are cave tourists, wanting to appreciate a cave’s natural features and beauty. Basically, spelunking is like a hobby. On the other hand, caving has a totally different purpose. Cavers explore a cave to study all of the things that are happening inside it. Some cavers are professionals who study cave phenomenon (现象). You can also tell the difference between caving and spelunking by experience level. Caving requires individuals to be knowledgeable and experienced, since their purpose is often to work and do research in caves. But for spelunkers, it’s not necessary to be experienced to explore a cave, especially if the objective is to enjoy the view as a tourist. Cave exploration is sure to bring excitement and fun. Give it a try when you have a chance. 53. What is cave exploration? (不多于14个单词) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. When did the word “spelunker” first appear in cave exploration circles? (不多于2个单词) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. Why do spelunkers explore caves? (不多于11个单词) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 56. What quality should you have if you want to be a caver? Explain why. (单词数不限) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】53. Cave exploration is an exciting activity where people go to explore an unknown cave. 54. In 1940. 55. Spelunkers explore caves to appreciate a cave’s natural features and beauty 56. You should be knowledgeable and experienced because caving requires individuals to work and do research in caves. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了洞穴探险及相关术语的区别。 【53题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“Cave exploration is an exciting activity where people go to explore an unknown cave. (洞穴探险是一项令人兴奋的活动，人们去探索未知的洞穴。)”可知，洞穴探险是人们去探索未知洞穴的一项令人兴奋的活动。故答案为Cave exploration is an exciting activity where people go to explore an unknown cave. 【54题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“In 1940, an American caver named Clay Perry wrote about a group of cave explorers who called themselves spelunkers. It was the first time that the word had been heard in cave exploration circles. (1940年，一位名叫克莱·佩里的美国洞穴探险家写了一群自称洞穴探险家的人。这是洞穴探险界第一次听到这个词。)”可知，spelunker这个词在1940年首次出现在洞穴探险圈中。故答案为In 1940. 【55题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“Spelunkers are cave tourists, wanting to appreciate a cave’s natural features and beauty. (洞穴探险者是洞穴游客，想要欣赏洞穴的自然特征和美丽。)”可知，洞穴探险者探索洞穴是为了欣赏洞穴的自然特征和美丽。故答案为Spelunkers explore caves to appreciate a cave’s natural features and beauty. 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章倒数第二段中“Caving requires individuals to be knowledgeable and experienced, since their purpose is often to work and do research in caves. (洞穴探险要求个人具备丰富的知识和经验，因为他们的目的通常是在洞穴中工作和进行研究。)”可知，如果你想成为一名洞穴探险家，你应该具备的一个品质是知识渊博和经验丰富，因为洞穴探险的目的通常是在洞穴中工作和进行研究。故答案为You should be knowledgeable and experienced because caving requires individuals to work and do research in caves. V. 书面表达 (20分) 57. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。本学期你选择了一门艺术选修课。你的英国好友Jim对此很感兴趣，来信了解你上课的具体情形。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1. 你所选课的名称和主要内容； 2. 你的学习收获。 提示词：选修课 optional course 注意：1. 词数不少于60；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m really excited to share my experience in the optional art course this term. I chose Art Appreciation, and it has been amazing. We attended mini-lectures, where we studied painting styles, techniques and the stories behind some of the most famous masterpieces. Our teacher showed us how to analyze the colors, composition, and emotions conveyed by the artists. We also visited a gallery to view different works of art. The biggest challenge was creating our own artwork. At present, I am working on a landscape painting. It’s tough but exciting! Before taking this course, I considered art as just pictures, but now, I see it as a way to express feelings and ideas I hope you’re enjoying your classes as well. I’ll definitely send you a photo of my artwork when it’s done. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国好友Jim写一封回信，介绍自己所选的艺术选修课的名称、主要内容以及学习收获。 【详解】1.词汇积累 令人惊叹的：amazing → astonishing 著名的：famous → well-known 表达：convey → express 参观：visit → pay a visit to 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I’m really excited to share my experience in the optional art course this term. 拓展句：It is excited for me to share my experience in the optional art course this term. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We attended mini-lectures, where we studied painting styles, techniques and the stories behind some of the most famous masterpieces.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Our teacher showed us how to analyze the colors, composition, and emotions conveyed by the artists.（运用了“特殊疑问词how加不定式to analyze结构”作宾语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市西城区2024-2025学年度第二学期期末试卷 高一英语 2025. 7 本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。 考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I卷 (共75分) I. 听力理解 (共三节，22.5分) 第一节： (共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分) 听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. How will the speakers go to the weekend market? A. By bike. B. By car. C. By bus. 2. Where did the man put the keys? A. On the TV stand. B. In his jacket pocket. C. On the kitchen table. 3. Which exhibition is the woman going to visit? A. Photography. B. Painting. C. Sculpture. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Where to buy necessary medicine. B. When to issue a hurricane warning. C. What to prepare before a natural disaster. 第二节： (共6小题；每小题1.5分，共9分) 听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。 听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。 5. What is wrong with the woman’s phone? A. Its screen is broken. B. It won’t turn on properly. C. The software can’t be updated. 6. What is the man? A. A salesman. B. An engineer. C. A waiter. 听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。 7. What is the woman’s major now? A. Applied physics. B. English literature. C. Computer programming. 8. Where might the conversation take place? A. In a library. B. In a theatre. C. In a school. 听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。 9. When will the food festival start? A. On August 5h. B. On August 15h. C. On August 25h. 10. Why does the man make the call? A. To apply for a stand. B. To sell seasonal fruits. C. To solve scheduling problems. 第三节： (共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分) 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。 How to Save Energy at Home Use energy-saving appliances Upgrade to energy-saving fridges and washing machines Change to LED lights to 11 lighting energy use Practise sensible energy 12 Turn off lights when leaving a room 13 electronics when they are not in use 14 heating and cooling needs Use 15 blinds: close them at night in winter to keep heat in and... Change your air-conditioner temperature to 27℃ in summer and heater to 20℃ in winter II. 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was eight, my father left. My mother became a single mom of six boys, working several jobs to keep us fed and sheltered. Life for us was ____1____. When I was having a hard time adapting to my not-so-happy life, I was paired with Paul in an AmeriCorps program. Paul is a systems engineer. He came into my life when I ____2____ him the most. He became the only educated person in my young life to whom I could talk and look to for ____3____. He became a light that helped lead me towards a better life. As I grew up, we would go out and have fun together. Of all the memories I have with him, one memory ____4____ in particular. We went to the Boston Harbor Islands for a trip in the middle of winter. Not paying attention to Paul’s ____5____, I was showing off my rock-jumping skills when I found myself ____6____ falling 15 feet into the icy harbor! Poor Paul quickly ____7____ me out of the water, and together, we got to ride a boat back to Boston from inside the heated captain’s room. Not all of our moments were this dramatic, ____8____ each was special. We baked cookies, we went to the movies, and we even changed car batteries together! During our time together, Paul really listened to what I said and kept showing me that I ____9____. Unlike so many poorly-educated people in my childhood neighborhood, I, ____10____ by Paul, went to college. After many years, I started my own ____11____. I completely enjoy the life of a businessman, with all its ups and downs. I feel ____12____ that through my difficult childhood, I developed my foundation — extreme patience and determination, and a strong ____13____ to always do good. I have come a long way from my hard beginnings. Paul would tell you that he is just a(n) ____14____ guy, who just showed up. But not me, when I look at Paul, I see my hero. When life was stacked (处于劣势) against me, he was there, moving me closer and closer to a better life. And it made a ____15____. 1. A. boring B. busy C. tough D. meaningless 2. A. trusted B. missed C. admired D. needed 3. A. guidance B. acceptance C. respect D. comfort 4. A. wears off B. sticks out C. flashes back D. gets away 5. A. warning B. reaction C. promise D. comment 6. A. smoothly B. effortlessly C. accidentally D. secretly 7. A. forced B. pulled C. held D. threw 8. A. and B. although C. because D. unless 9. A. succeeded B. changed C. progressed D. mattered 10. A. impressed B. touched C. encouraged D. praised 11. A. family B. company C. community D. union 12. A. confident B. curious C. powerful D. fortunate 13. A. desire B. emotion C. ability D. build 14. A. regular B. familiar C. amazing D. optimistic 15. A. connection B. point C. record D. difference III. 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Planning a camping trip this summer? Canada has a variety of options. We hand selected these sites for you because camping is such an important part of the summer experience in our country. Pacific Rim National Park The main draw: Long Beach is the best Pacific experience—22 kilometres of sand with a horizon that disappears into the ocean. The campsites here sit very close to the ocean. Things to do: Start by exploring the beach. Of course, you can also go for a swim, but be aware that the water is about 10℃. If you’re into surfing, there are almost always waves at Long Beach. Grey whales spend the summer in the waters just offshore, providing whale watching opportunities. Alice Lake Provincial Park The main draw: What this small park lacks in size, it makes up for in location, sitting just north of Squamish — “Canada’s Outdoor Recreation Capital”. Campground paths link into the area’s world-class mountain-biking network. Things to do: You can warm up for Squamish mountain biking with a three-kilometre ride starting just outside the campground. You can also cool off with a swim in Alice Lake or relax on its sandy beaches. And don’t miss Squamish’s Howe Sound restaurant here, you can try their delicious wood-fired pizza. Mount Robson Provincial Park The main draw: There’s no better place to admire the highest mountain in the Canadian Rockies than at the Berg Lake Campground. The campground is located beside a small lake that contains mini icebergs that have broken off from a glacier (冰川) on the mountain above. Things to do: The Berg Lake area has several world-class hikes. The Snowbird Pass hike is a tough 22-kilometre round trip. The lake provides a peaceful and beautiful environment for visitors to boat and enjoy the surrounding mountain scenery. Peter Lougheed Provincial Park The main draw: This camping area in Alberta’s Kananaskis Country is popular with the locals. It has all the characteristics you get in nearby Banff, but without the crowds. You can only reach it by hiking for about three kilometres. Things to do: Besides fishing, you can relax in the flower-filled fields and enjoy nice mountain views at South Kananaskis Pass. Use kayaks (皮划艇) to explore the shoreline of Upper Kananaskis Lake. 16. What can visitors do in Pacific Rim-National Park? A. Enjoy fishing. B. Watch grey whales. C. Try mountain biking. D. Eat a wood-fired pizza. 17. If you want to go for world-class hikes, you can explore ________. A. Pacific Rim National Park B. Alice Lake Provincial Park C. Mount Robson Provincial Park D. Peter Lougheed Provincial Park 18. What do the four parks have in common? A. They all offer water activities. B. They all have peaceful campsites. C. They all feature beautiful mountain views. D. They all make good destinations for hiking. B Four years ago, Christina traveled to India with her family. At a market in Bombay, she was surprised to see rows of objects made of ivory (象牙). Globally, the ivory trade has been against the law for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been prohibited in India since the 1970s. Curious, Christina did some research and discovered a shocking piece of data: Africa’s forest elephant population had dropped by about 62 percent between 2008 and 2019. And the numbers continue to drop. A wildlife lover, Christina wanted to do something to help protect the species that is still threatened by poaching (偷猎). Over the course of two years, Christina created ElSa (short for elephant savior), a low-cost model of an AI-driven software that looks at movement patterns in thermal infrared (热能红外) videos of humans and elephants. Christina says the software is four times more accurate (精确的) than existing advanced methods. ElSa uses a thermal camera that connects to a smart phone. The camera and the phone are then attached to a drone, and the system produces real-time results as it flies over parks, showing whether objects below are human or elephant. Her project won an award in the world’s largest international pre-college STEM competition. Christina first learned about the capabilities of AI just after ninth grade. Once at an AI conference, Christina met April Moss, a Harvard computer scientist who was working on a wildlife protection project using drones and machine learning. Christina reached out to the computer scientist about her idea to catch elephant poachers using movement patterns, and Moss was happy to help her with the software project. After numerous improvements, Christina finally created ElSa, which was able to pick out humans with over 90 percent accuracy. In the fall, Christina will attend the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she wants to study electrical engineering and computer science. She has plans to enlarge her movement pattern research into other endangered animals. And she wants to begin using her software in national parks in Africa. “Research isn’t a straight line,” Christina says. “That has made me more resourceful. It also helped me develop into a more creative thinker. You learn along the way.” 19. Which is the probable order of the following events? ① Christina saw ivory products on sale in Bombay. ② Christina created ElSa. ③ Christina attended an AI conference. A. ①②③ B. ②③① C. ①③② D. ③①② 20. From the passage, we can learn that ElSa ________. A. is more cost-saving than the existing model B can identify poachers using movement patterns C. is good at telling the differences between animals D. can predict the movements of humans and elephants 21. What is Christina’s future plan? A. To study wildlife protection in university. B. To take part in a college STEM competition. C. To work with April Moss on a project in Africa. D. To apply her software to other endangered animals. 22. According to the passage, which words would best describe Christina? A. Honest and resourceful. B. Responsible and creative. C. Generous and intelligent. D. Considerate and hard-working. C Do cats remember who their mother is? The answer to this question is a bit complex. Cats are unsocial animals. Their relationships don’t function the same as those of people. Therefore cats don’t remember their mothers in the same way that humans do. Cats use smell to identify one another. Mothers and kittens may continue to recognize each other if they are never separated. If they are separated, they will likely not recognize each other when they are reunited. After all. their smell will have changed, which will cause their “identity” to change. Even if a mother and her kittens aren’t separated, a kitten’s smell will begin to change when it is around 12 weeks old. Before then, the kittens spend their time in a nesting box, which causes them to develop a unique smell. After they stop spending so much time in their box, the smell slowly goes away, and the cats will adopt the smell of their environment. Eventually, it will change enough to prevent the cats from identifying each other as littermates (同窝出生的仔畜). Do mother cats know who their kittens are? Various studies have been performed on whether cats have an inborn sense of who their kittens are. Most cats accept any kitten that suckles (吮吸) on them. You can take kittens from different mothers and give them to the same mother cat, and she will typically accept them. Therefore, cats likely don’t have a strong sense of which kittens are “theirs”. They take care of whichever kittens are in their nesting box. However, cats typically use smell to recognize other cats that they know. Kittens that spend time in a mother’s nesting box will usually be cared for by that mother, as they “smell” like her kittens. This is true even if the kittens aren’t biologically hers. Therefore, the mother cat doesn’t know which kittens she gave birth to. However, there is a sense of which kittens are “hers” based on which ones are in her nesting box and smell like it. If any kittens disappear, she will likely notice and look for them. But that isn’t always true. Sometimes, cats don’t realize that they have fewer kittens. When the kittens grow, the mother may recognize that they are her kittens if they are kept around and not separated. However, she won’t develop the same mother-child relationship that humans do. Cats typically don’t form “family” ties. 23. What does the author intend to do by mentioning human relationships in Paragraph 1? A. Highlight a difference. B. Give a suggestion. C. Make an assumption. D. Express a doubt. 24. Cats are able to know who their mothers are because of their ________. A. strong attachments B. inborn skills C. biological relationship D. shared smell 25. Regarding a mother’s relationship with her kittens, we can learn that ________. A. mothers’ love for their kittens lasts a lifetime B. mothers will miss their kittens if they are separated C. mothers don’t always remember which kittens they gave birth to D. mothers drive away their kittens when they are about 12 weeks old 26. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To show why cats fail to identify their littermates. B. To point out when kittens tend to leave their mothers. C. To explore what factors affect mother-kitten recognition. D. To explain how to strengthen cats’ mother-child relationship. D A 2023 study from the University of Bath found that younger generations have higher levels of perfectionism, or having exceptionally high standards and being overly self-critical, compared with previous generations at the same period in their lives. Using data taken from 40,000 North American and British university students, researchers found evidence that the extent to which young people place an unreasonable importance on “being perfect” had increased. Growing competition for university places and jobs, and increasingly strict parents were listed among contributing factors. The World Economic Forum describes it as a “hidden wave of perfectionism” and connects perfectionism with serious mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety and eating disorders. Clinical psychologist Ellen Hendriksen says that perfectionism isn’t necessarily about being perfect; instead, it’s about never being good enough. “It’s an inner push to do more, and always be better but, eventually, it costs us more than it buys us,” she says. Of course there is nothing wrong with simply wanting to do well and having high standards for yourself. So, when does this become a problem? Ellen says it has to do with the reason why you’re pursuing (追求) something. “There’s a difference between doing something as well as you can and making something perfect. If you enjoy the journey of doing something, that’s great. But if you’re doing it because you want to prove you’re good enough—that’s what perfectionism is.” What are the tell-tale signs that you’re a perfectionist? One common characteristic of perfectionism is procrastination (拖延), but not for the reasons you might normally attach to it, such as laziness. “Often perfectionists fear that they’re not going to be able to perform to the level that others might expect, or that the end result won’t be good enough,” Ellen explains, “so it’s not actually the avoidance of a task; it’s avoidance of negative emotions connected with a task.” Other elements of perfectionism can be seen in the way these people make decisions. There are two extremes: those who make quick decisions and believe that they are absolutely making the “correct” or “right” decision, and others who are so worried about making the wrong decision, and regret that they spend too much time agonizing over it, researching, weighing advantages and disadvantages and talking to people for encouragement. So how do we break free from perfectionism? It starts with challenging the original beliefs that drive it. Perfectionism is often rooted in fear—fear of failure, criticism, or not being good enough. Asking ourselves questions like, “What’s the worst that could happen if this isn’t perfect?” can help us put things into perspective (正确认识). By letting go of the fear of imperfection, we free ourselves to take risks, become more creative, and reach our true potential 27. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. How perfectionism harms young people B. Why there exists a hidden wave of perfectionism. C. When perfectionism may lead to mental illnesses. D. What drives younger generations to pursue perfection. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. Doing one’s best typically marks perfectionism. B. The pursuit of perfection is the main cause of mental issues. C. Rushing into decisions causes more problems than weighing options. D. Fear of failure plays a key role in connecting perfectionism and procrastination. 29. What does the phrase “agonizing over” underlined in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Insisting on. B. Struggling with. C. Crying over. D. Dreaming about. 30. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Price of Perfection: Perfectionism Holds You Back B. The Lie of Perfection: Unrealistic Goals Worsen Anxiety C. The Root of Perfectionism: Fear of Not Being Good Enough D. The Trap of Perfectionism: Wanting to Be Perfect Causes Self-Doubt 第Ⅱ卷 (共65分) I. 选词填空 (共7小题；每小题2分，共14分) 用方框中单词适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。 lose current admire found perform energy memory 31. Jane Goodall, the ________ of Roots & Shoots, made a trip to China this past April to develop her youth eco-education program. 32. ________, the price of coffee beans is low, but it might increase soon. 33. Despite her old age, our Taiji teacher remains ________ and flexible. 34. The band’s live ________ at the music festival attracted thousands of people. 35. The recent flooding resulted in a heavy agricultural ________, destroying 80% of the local crops. 36. It took Kevin only two days to ________ all his lines for the play. 37. Tu Youyou’s commitment to her work is so ________ that it has inspired people from all fields. II. 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1分，共10分) 在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 38. Can you imagine ________ (see) the earth from outer space?(所给词的适当形式填空) 39. ________ (understand) the poem further, students can look up some information about the poet. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40. The rescue team rushed to the mountain village ________ heavy rainfall had caused landslides. (用适当的词填空) 41. ________ he saw in the documentary made him reflect on the impact of climate change. (用适当的词填空) 42. Remembering words letter by letter ________ (be) not the best way to learn English. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43. The tool with ________ he fixed the car is very expensive. (用适当的词填空) 44. All the activities ________ (prepare) for the guests are listed in the brochure. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. One thing to consider is ________ you can turn to for help when you are in trouble. (用适当的词填空) 46. The car accident ________ (occur) shortly after the traffic light turned green. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. The project involves team members ________ (range) from beginners to senior experts. (所给词的适当形式填空) III. 完成句子 (共5小题；第63、64题每题2分，第65、66、67题每题3分，共13分) 根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。 48. 我们不应该背弃自然。 (turn one’s back on) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 49. 我不在的时候你能负责会议吗? (take charge of) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 50. Mike购物时总是使用布袋，为环境保护尽一份力。 (do one’s part for) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 51. 老师们想了解学生通常如何去学校。 (从句) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 52. 他们在山里迷路了，最后走了两个小时才找到出去的路。 (end up doing) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. 阅读表达 (共4小题；每小题2分，共8分) 阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。 Cave exploration is an exciting activity where people go to explore an unknown cave. When it comes to exploring caves, “spelunking” and “caving” are always used. In 1940, an American caver named Clay Perry wrote about a group of cave explorers who called themselves spelunkers. It was the first time that the word had been heard in cave exploration circles. The word spelunker comes from the Latin word spelunca, which means cavern, cave, or den in English. Also, the word spelunca itself comes from the Greek word Spelynk which simply means cave. On the other hand, the word caving comes from the Latin word cavea or cavern. This word means to cave. Caving and spelunking are actually the same, but very different in some ways. The difference between these two terms began to surface in the 1960s when real cave explorers referred to spelunkers as inexperienced and ill-equipped. Spelunkers are cave tourists, wanting to appreciate a cave’s natural features and beauty. Basically, spelunking is like a hobby. On the other hand, caving has a totally different purpose. Cavers explore a cave to study all of the things that are happening inside it. Some cavers are professionals who study cave phenomenon (现象). You can also tell the difference between caving and spelunking by experience level. Caving requires individuals to be knowledgeable and experienced, since their purpose is often to work and do research in caves. But for spelunkers, it’s not necessary to be experienced to explore a cave, especially if the objective is to enjoy the view as a tourist. Cave exploration is sure to bring excitement and fun. Give it a try when you have a chance. 53 What is cave exploration? (不多于14个单词) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. When did the word “spelunker” first appear in cave exploration circles? (不多于2个单词) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. Why do spelunkers explore caves? (不多于11个单词) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 56. What quality should you have if you want to be a caver? Explain why. (单词数不限) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ V. 书面表达 (20分) 57. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。本学期你选择了一门艺术选修课。你英国好友Jim对此很感兴趣，来信了解你上课的具体情形。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1. 你所选课的名称和主要内容； 2. 你的学习收获。 提示词：选修课 optional course 注意：1. 词数不少于60；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $