重点语法复习（三）2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

八下重点语法复习（三） 形容词和副词比较级和最高级 1、 定义 形容词和副词的比较级用于两者之间的比较，最高级用于三者及以上的比较。 例句：His bag is smaller than mine.（他的包比我的小。） The car runs the fastest of the six.（这辆车是六辆之中跑地最快的。） 2、 比较级和最高级的变化规则 · 规则变化 1.  一般情况：加“er”变比较级，加“est”变最高级（注：多音节词副词加more/most） fast → faster → fastest（快的） quickly → more quickly → most quickly（快地） 2.  以不发音的e结尾：加“r”“st” nice → nicer → nicest（好的） late → later → latest（晚的/地） 3.  以“辅音+y”结尾：变y为i，加“er”“est” happy → happier → happiest（开心的） early → earlier → earliest（早的/地） 4.  重读闭音节（辅元辅结构）：双写尾字母，加“er”“est” big → bigger → biggest（大的） hot → hotter → hottest（热的） · 不规则变化 3、 用法要点 · 比较级 1. 表示两者的比较：A+be动词/实义动词+形容词副词比较级+than+B 例句：She is taller than me.（她比我高。） 2. 表示“越来越…”：“比较级+and+比较级” 例句：It’s getting colder and colder.（天越来越冷。） 3. 表示“越...，越...”：the+比较级，the+比较级 例句：The harder you work, the better grades you will get.（你越努力学习，成绩就会越好。） 4. 表示“A和B哪个更...”: 疑问词+ be动词/实义动词+比较级，A or B？ 例句： Who is taller, Tom or Jim?（谁更高，汤姆还是蒂姆？） 5. 表示“A比任何一个人/物都...” （用比较级表示最高级的用法） 例句： She is taller than any other student in his class.（她比班上其他学生都高。） 注意：any other +名单=the other+名复，属于同一范围 any+名单，不属于同一范围 6. 比较级的修饰词： 1) 表示“稍微、一点”： a little，a bit 2) 表示“得多、大大地”： much, far, a lot 3) 表示“甚至、更加” ：even · 最高级 1. 表示三者及以上比较：“the+最高级+范围”，范围常用“in+集合名词”“of+同类事物” 例句：He is the strongest in the class.（他是班里最壮的。） This is the best book of the three.（这是三本书中最好的。） 注意：副词最高级前的“the”可省略 例句：He runs fastest.（他跑得最快。） 2. 表示“A,B,C哪一个最...”: 疑问词+be动词/实义动词+the+最高级，A,B,C？ 例句：Which city is the biggest, Beijing, Chengdu or Shanghai?（哪个城市是最大的，北京，成都还是上海？） 3. 表示“最...之一”： one of+the+最高级+复数名词 例句：The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.（长江是世界上最长的河流之一。） 4. 表示“第几最...”：the+序数词+最高级+单数名词 例句：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.（黄河是中国第二长河。） 比较级和最高级练习 一、单项选择 1. Tom is ______ than his brother. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 2. This book is ______ of the three. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 3. Lucy runs ______ than Lily. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 4. Which season do you like ______, spring, summer or autumn? A. well B. better C. best D. the better 5. The weather is getting ______ and ______. A. hot; hot B. hotter; hotter C. hottest; hottest D. the hotter; the hotter 6. She is ______ than any other student in her class. A. clever B. cleverer C. cleverest D. the cleverest 7. The ______ you practice, the ______ you will play. A. more; well B. much; better C. more; better D. much; well 8. This is ______ film I have ever seen. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 9. He is ______ than his father. A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest 10. Which is ______, the moon or the earth? A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest 11. She sings ______ than her sister. A. beautiful B. beautifully C. more beautifully D. most beautifully 12. This problem is ______ than that one. A. difficult B. more difficult C. most difficult D. the most difficult 13. He is one of ______ students in our school. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 14. The ______ he eats, the ______ he will be. A. much; fat B. more; fatter C. most; fattest D. many; fat 15. This story is ______ than that one. A. exciting B. more exciting C. most exciting D. the most exciting 2、 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Tom is ______ (tall) than his cousin. 2. This is the ______ (good) movie I’ve ever watched. 3. She runs ______ (fast) than her brother. 4. Which is ______ (big), the sun or the moon? 5. The weather is getting ______ (cold) and ______ (cold). 6. He is one of the ______ (hard-working) students in the class. 7. The ______ (much) you practice, the ______ (well) you’ll speak. 8. This book is ______ (interesting) than that one. 9. Who is ______ (thin), Lucy or Lily? 10. Mount Qomolangma is the ______ (high) mountain in the world. 11. She sings ______ (beautifully) than her sister. 12. The ______ (early) we start, the ______ (soon) we’ll arrive. 13. This problem is ______ (difficult) than the last one. 14. He is ______ (happy) today than yesterday. 15. Which season is ______ (wet) in your city, spring or summer? 答案： 一、单项选择 1-5: B D B C B 6-10: B C D B B 11-15: C B D B B 二、 1. taller 2. best 3. faster 4. bigger 5. colder; colder 6. most hard-working 7. more; better 8. more interesting 9. thinner 10. highest 11. more beautifully 12. earlier; sooner 13. more difficult 14. happier 15. wetter 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$