精品解析：陕西省西安市铁一中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语试题

英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is the desk? A. Under the window. B. Across from the door. C. Opposite the window. 2. What is the man most probably? A. A doctor. B. A policeman. C. A teacher. 3. When does the conversation most probably take place? A. In spring. B. In autumn. C. In winter. 4. What is the woman doing? A. Enjoying a fountain. B. Having cheese. C. Taking a picture. 5. What will the man keep? A. A shirt. B. A hat. C. A suit. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman dissatisfied with? A. The living room. B. The bedroom. C. The kitchen. 7. What does the man think of the living room? A. New and modern. B. Small but well-furnished. C. Big and bright. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Manager and customer. C. Husband and wife. 9. Whom will the man have lunch with tomorrow? A. Peter. B. Mr. Tanawa. C. Jane. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. When will the dining hall close? A. At about 6:30. B. At about 10:00. C. At about 7:00. 11. Why doesn’t Ann want to eat in the dining hall? A. She had a pizza already. B. She has to prepare for a test. C. She doesn’t like the food there. 12. What will Bill most probably do right now? A. Go to the dining hall. B. Cook dinner at home. C. Order a pizza. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where does the woman work? A. At a newspaper office. B. At a university. C. At a television station. 14. Why is the man applying for this position? A To get experience. B. To meet famous people. C. To make money. 15. What is the man majoring in at the university? A. Media and Communication. B. English. C. Advertising. 16. What does the man need to do next in order to get the position? A. Complete a form. B. Take some courses. C. Talk to Ms. Wagner. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What do the library members have to do every two years? A. Pay for a new membership card. B. Register in the library again. C. Renew their personal information. 18. How long will the library keep the book booked in advance? A. A week. B. Five days. C. Two weeks. 19. What can be borrowed for one day only? A. Children’s books. B. Dictionaries. C. DVDs. 20. On which day will the library close at 7:00 p.m.? A. Sunday. B. Wednesday. C. Saturday. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A To help our readers find the best bike sharing programs in their area, we reviewed platforms that are local and have options in a few large markets. Here are our top picks. Citi Bike Price: $4.49 per trip up to 30 minutes plus $0.26 added charge per additional minute Availability: Stations located across New York and New Jersey Programs: Single ride, day pass, monthly membership, annual membership Why We Chose It Whether you’re commuting (通勤) to work or exploring the city as a tourist you’ll be able to find a bike near to you and ride comfortably by planning a bike-safe route in the app. Capital Bikeshare Price: $1 unlocking fee plus $0.05 per-minute charge Availability: Stations located across Washington, DC, Virginia, and Maryland Programs: Single ride, day pass, annual membership Why We Chose It Offering access to plenty of bikes around town and in surrounding cities in Maryland and Virginia, this Lyft-backed option also unlocks discounts for helmets and select activities in the area. Bay Wheels Price: $3.49 per trip up to 30 minute plus $0.30 added charge per additional minute Availability: Stations located across California Programs: Single ride, monthly, annual membership Why We Chose It Current ride-share user will appreciate the program’s ease of use, with the ability to rent one of the thousands of bikes across 550 docking stations directly through the Lyft app. Lyft Price: Varies based on location Availability: Stations located across California, Illinois, Ohio, Colorado, Washington, DC, New York, and Oregon Programs: Single ride, day pass and membership options vary depending on city Why We Chose It Offering a wide availability of bikes in seven major markets, Lyft’s platform also provides the infrastructure (基础设施) for a number of top locally branded bike sharing companies in those locations. 1. How much does Citi Bike charge for an hour’s ride? A. $7.8. B. $15.6. C. $12.29. D. $20.29 2. What do Capital Bikeshare and Bay Wheels have in common? A. They offer the same programs. B. They are both backed by Lyft. C. They are both available in California. D. They share the same rules of charging. 3. What is an advantage of Lyft over the others? A. It is more widely available. B. It rents bikes of higher quality. C. It enjoys popularity worldwide. D. It provides discounts for helmets. B When Mark Anthony Gonzales saw a police officer in need of assistance, every element of the moral code installed in him through his Chinese martial arts training — morality, courage, benevolence — told him to stop his car and lend a hand, even though his wife, Rachel Ortiz, and his four kids were in the car. The suspect, a balding man of medium build, was running from a police officer in San Antonio, Texas. Gonzales slowed down. So did the man being chased — to avoid running into Gonzales’s minivan. That hesitation allowed the officer to catch up and take the suspect to the ground. But Gonzales quickly realized that the officer did not have control of the situation with the suspect struggling fiercely. Gonzales put his minivan in park and jumped out, as did Ortiz. The first thing Gonzales did was identify himself and spoil out his intention to make it two-on-one in the officer’s favor and not the other way around. Then, with the man on his back and the officer struggling to control the man’s upper body, Gonzales put his weight on the man’s legs. Seconds later, when the suspect rolled onto his stomach, Gonzales used techniques he’d learned in the gym: digging his knee into the suspect’s elbow and pulling the suspect’s head toward him to maintain control from the side. He then applied a nice move — where the hands are placed under the opponent’s arm to control the shoulder and upper body — and tugged until, after a few seconds, the suspect’s shoulder gave out. The officer clicked on the handcuffs and the threat was over. Gonzales had asked his wife to record everything to protect him just in case anything was called into question. But Ortiz posted the video on Facebook, where it attracted over 56 million views. Among those saved by the video was a Chinese martial art instructor Bruce Lee, who stated: “The combination of Gonzales’s technique and his calm communication with both the officer and suspect is the stuff of legends!” 4. Why did Gonzales stop his car? A. To uphold justice. B. To witness a chase. C. To show off virtues. D. To protect my family. 5. What did Gonzales do first when he came to the officer? A. He joined in the two-on-one fight. B. He persuaded the suspect to give in. C. He declared his identity and intention. D. He warned the policeman of danger. 6. Why did Gonzales ask Ortiz to shoot the video? A. To record his heroic deeds. B. To avoid getting in trouble. C. To attract views on Facebook. D. To expose the suspect’s behavior. 7. What’s the best title of the article? A. Martial Art Makes A Legend B. Justice Has Long Arms C. A Victory Of Two-on-one D. Lending A Well-Trained Hand C Do you get nervous thinking about geometry, equations (方程式) or a coming math test? If your answer is “yes”, you are far from alone. Math anxiety has become a common psychological (心理的) condition among students around the world. Students in countries with higher levels of math anxiety tend to achieve lower math grades, according to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on Feb. 15. Math anxiety-a negative emotional reaction to the core subject — causes fear, physical suffering and behavior problems among young pupils, according to a University of Cambridge study. In ordinary life, many people experience some degree of discomfort when meeting with a math problem, ranging from mild tension to strong fear. Some people also experience physical symptoms such as sweaty palms or a racing heart. They may then try to avoid every situation involving numbers, meaning they are held back from pursuing careers related to this subject, such as science, technology or engineering, according to The Guardian. Reassurance (慰藉) comes from the fact that those with math anxiety aren’t destined (注定的) to be bad at math. “If a child has math anxiety, don’t assume that they’re not good at math. They may have had a really bad experience with math and there are ways to improve math achievement,” Daniel Ansari, the senior author of the study told The London Free Press. “Students with math anxiety are not cognitively (认知地) disadvantaged.” Also, there are ways to manage your stress related to math. If you’re feeling stressed before a math exam, it may help to spend a few minutes exploring those feelings before the exam begins. “It’s about making sure you’re interpreting your feelings correctly,” Sian Beilock, a cognitive scientist in the US told the BBC. “Just because you have a fast heartbeat and sweaty palms, that does not necessarily mean you will fail.” A little math anxiety could be taken as a positive challenge to overcome. Just like many people get stage fright before delivering a speech, this nervous energy can help to motivate, according to Ian Lyons, a psychologist at Georgetown University in the US. 8. Why does the author begin the passage with a question? A. To expect answers from the readers. B. To introduce the topic “math anxiety”. C. To identify problems with math learning. D. To emphasize the difficulty of a math test. 9. What does the author focus on in Paragraphs 2 and 3? A. Analyzing causes. B. Proving examples. C. Explaining influences. D. Drawing comparisons. 10 What message do Daniel Ansari’s words convey in Paragraph 4? A Math anxiety is what leads to students’ failure. B. Math anxiety is what nearly everyone will face. C. Math anxiety doesn’t necessarily mean poor math. D. Math anxiety doesn’t necessarily allow improvement space. 11. How should you deal with the stress related to math according to the article? A. Learn to understand your feelings. B. Turn to cognitive experts for help. C. Take all nervous energy as a challenge. D. Practice more before taking math exams. 12. What is the best title for the passage? A. What is anxiety? B. Worried by numbers C. How to avoid studying math? D. Math test — a nightmare for all D All the hard work that you’ve spent making strong passwords, combining pet names with umbers, symbols and birthdates could all soon be for nothing as a new artificial intelligence (AI) model achieves a 95% accuracy of understanding keystrokes (按键). At least that’s the extreme view of a team of British researchers. Using a deep learning model, they were able to steal data from a laptop’s keyboard using a microphone to understand what is being typed. This, in theory, would allow hackers who were able to gain access to your laptop to derive what is being typed including messages and passwords. The first step for this attack to work is by recording the keystrokes on someone’s keyboard. This is needed to train the algorithm (计算程序). While this could be done from the laptop’s microphone, it could equally be achieved by placing a smartphone near the computer. By pressing 36 keys on a modern MacBook Pro 25 times each and recording the sounds produced, the researchers gained a full set of training data. This information is turned into waveforms to show identifiable differences between each key. With this information in hand, they could then build a machine-learning model to understand which of these waveforms lines up with which key. “If you get enough data, a model can be built pretty easily,” Oli Buckley, a professor of Internet security. “If it works on one keyboard, it will likely work on the next. The MacBook has a nice, quiet keyboard, so the idea is that if it works on something quiet, it will have a wide-reaching ability on louder keyboards”. While this all sounds pretty scary, not to mention a new form of hacking (侵入) to look out for, it isn’t quite as worrying as it sounds. “A good sample of data is needed for it to work, so this changes if you’re using a Dell, a MacBook or an external keyboard. Also, factors change. Some people type louder and harder, or my keyboards full of cat hair so that impacts things slightly”, says Buckley. 13. What does the underlined word “derive” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Change. B. Record. C. Learn. D. Obtain. 14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Why protective steps are needed. B. Why a set of training data is vital. C. How you record secret messages and passwords. D. How hackers gain data from targeted computers. 15. What do Buckley’s words imply in the last paragraph? A. AI understands exactly what you’re typing. B. Cats play an important role in privacy protection. C. Building an accurate dataset through keystrokes is not easy. D. It is necessary to purchase expensive computers for safety. 16. What is the main idea of the text? A. A scary danger is on the way. B. A new form of hacking troubles us. C. AI can transform the digital world in a creative way. D. AI can discover passwords by listening to you type. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 These days, most people like using messaging apps when they need to communicate with someone. But sometimes making a call is unavoidable. However, this simple act can actually be a nightmare for some people.____17____. If this sounds familiar to you, you might be one of the millions of people who suffer from telephobia — the fear of speaking over the phone. ___18___ When speaking face-to-face, we use facial expressions and gestures that help each other follow the conversation. This is not the case over the phone. And the idea of speaking with someone on the phone makes some people so terrified that they will freeze up and look foolish. However, there are things that one suffering from this condition can do to ease this fear. One thing that those with telephobia can do before a call is smile. ___19___ It won’t remove the anxiety altogether, but it will take the edge off it. Similarly, imagining how the call will go before you make it can also help things go more smoothly. That will make you feel less nervous and help you predict some possible problems. There’s no need to spend hours on this, just a few minutes forming several ideas of what you want to say.___20___ This is particularly useful for dealing with the fear of not being able to express yourself spontaneously (自然地). And finally when faced with receiving a call, you don’t always have to pick up. ___21___ A. Doing so can help you feel more relaxed. B. It’s often the opening lines that give us the most anxiety. C. Their hearts race and their hands sweat at the very thought of it. D. People who feel comfortable in social situations may experience telephobia. E. The most important thing is to be aware of your fear and take steps to deal with it. F. You can even write down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking. G. There’s nothing wrong with calling the person back later when you feel more comfortable. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分55分） 第一节（共25小题：每小题1分，满分25分） A 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 UPS driver Ryan Arens was making his rounds near a pond in Bozeman when he heard a strange sound. It was December, and about 15 feet from the ____22____ bank was the source of that sound — a half-submerged (半淹没) dog, ____23____ to hold a thin layer of ice. An elderly man was already on the ____24____, determined to save her. He’d ____25____ the pond in a rowboat and was striking the ice with a rock to create a(n) ____26____ to the dog. It was slow going, and Arens, 44, thought he stood a ____27____ chance. “Animals are my weakness,” he said, explaining why he chose to take off his overcoat, even though the temperature was -30℃, and ____28____ the rescue task. His heart beating fast, Arens ____29____ the dog, using the other man’s rock to break the ice. He gave one ____30____ heave (拖动) with so much force that he slipped off the boat, ____31____ into 16 feet of cold water. Luckily, he ____32____ in time to see the dog going under. He swam about five feet toward her, took ____33____ of her collar, and pulled her to the ice. He then lifted the dog into the boat and slid it back to the shore, where ____34____ bystanders carried the dog to the home of the rowboat owner. The next day, Arens was back working in the same neighborhood when the dog’s owner ____35____ to thank him for saving Sadie. “Would you like to meet her?” he asked. He opened the door to his car, and Sadie ran out. She went directly towards Arens, leaping on him and bathing him in wet kisses. “That special delivery was the ____36____ of my UPS career.” said Arens. 22. A. sharp B. distant C. vast D. frozen 23. A. failing B. struggling C. deciding D. hesitating 24. A. bank B. line C. scene D. road 25. A. entered B. bridged C. crossed D. discovered 26. A. attraction B. item C. reaction D. path 27. A. better B. smaller C. slighter D. purer 28. A. turned down B. took over C. brought up D. set aside 29. A. comforted B. attracted C. cornered D. neared 30. A. creative B. careful C. strong D. casual 31. A. diving B. crashing C. dashing D. bumping 32. A. breathed B. responded C. resurfaced D. disappeared 33. A. hold B. possession C. care D. advantage 34. A. brilliant B. passive C. indifferent D. anxious 35. A. ran away B. went off C. cut in D. came over 36. A. accident B. highlight C. responsibility D. direction B 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A golden fog settled over the fields. The sun prepared to rest for the evening. I looked forward to setting my ____37____ aside for an evening. I wasn’t long headed home when I heard a voice behind me. “Photo photo, photo.” A young boy about 7 or 8 years old followed closely. I breathed a tired sigh. I had no ____38____ to press the shutter button one more time, no matter how beautiful or eager he was, but he kept following me. As I looked at him, half interested, an idea for a composition ____39____ in my mind. I kneeled in the field and instructed the boy where to stand and how to pose. As I prepared to take the photograph, his energy suddenly shifted from ____40____ to shyness to fear. No matter what I told him to do — how to stand, how to look — I just couldn’t get the ____41____. Defeated, I gave up. I looked at the boy, who looked ____42____ and awkward. In an effort to ____43____ him, I clapped my hands, saying, “That was great. You were great.” Passers-by gathered around, cheering and clapping loudly. The boy’s face immediately ____44____ a smile. I intuitively (直觉地) took a few photos of the instant. That photograph turned out to be better than the ____45____ I’d imagined because it came from a deeper place within me. When we let go of frustration and focus on what’s here in the ____46____, that is when we are moved to create from the inside out. 37. A. money B. camera C. dinner D. notebook 38. A. time B. confidence C. energy D. chance 39. A. flashed B. developed C. changed D. created 40. A. panic B. confusion C. eagerness D. directness 41. A. help B. attention C. idea D. shot 42. A. alone B. violent C. cheerful D. thoughtful 43. A. disturb B. cheer C. accept D. satisfy 44. A. broke into B. turned to C. set up D. held back 45. A. style B. color C. content D. composition 46. A. photo B. imagination C. moment D. creation 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As dawn breaks over a Beijing village, 75-year-old Hao Lanying sits at her desk, scissors ___47___ (hold), cutting red paper into complicated designs. Her “auspicious snake (吉祥蛇)” series, created to celebrate the Year of the Snake, ___48___ (reflect) her mastery of water-ripple paper-cutting, ___49___ technique from the late Qing Dynasty. Unlike others, Hao uses scissors instead of knives, making delicate patterns on single-layer paper. For over 50 years, Hao has been promoting this dying art ___50___ (global). In 2004, UNESCO acquired her works, ___51___ have since been presented as national gifts to European dignitaries. A world map in her studio, marked with 193 red pins, traces her cultural journey. “I hope Chinese paper-cutting ___52___ (root) in every continent,” reads her note. Her international mission began in 2005 in Brazil, where she blended carnival feathers with Yangge ribbons, ___53___ (create) a stamp to commemorate (纪念) China-Brazil ties. An AR system ___54___ (far) showcased her craft. At a UN ___55___ (exhibit), she declared, “Each paper-cutting is a window ____56____ Chinese culture. Millions of windows reveal the starry sky of human civilizations.” 第三节 基础知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 根据提示，填写恰当单词，每空一词。 57. I said ________ (祝贺) and walked over to him and shook his hand. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 58. I don’t think we have met before though I have to say I am indeed __________(熟悉) with both your face and voice. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 59. Their __________(抱怨) have finally stirred him into action. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 60. On the front gate of each household is __________ (布满，点缀) with red Chinese knots and lanterns. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 61. There are hundreds of ___________(有毒的) spiders and snakes. 62. It enhances people’s ability to work __________ (独立). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 63. She was a woman of unique talent and __________(决心). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 64. He shouldn’t be taping without the singer’s __________ (许可). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 65. This is an extremely __________(scene) part of the countryside. （所给词的适当形式填空） 66. I have to say it will surely be __________(benefit) for you if you develop a good learning habit. （所给词的适当形式填空） 67. How can I ever repay you for your __________(generous)? （所给词的适当形式填空） 68. The whole argument rests on a false __________(assume). （所给词的适当形式填空） 69. Whales __________(origin) in the freshwater lakes and rivers of ancient Asia about sixty million years ago. （所给词的适当形式填空） 70. Provided they are well designed, they can adjust ________ (flexible) to the need for assistance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 71. The answer to the problem must be ______ (seek) elsewhere. （所给词的适当形式填空） 第四部分 写作（满分15分） 72. 3月21日是国际森林日，你校学生会计划当天在市森林公园组织义务清扫活动。请你写一则通知，刊登在校英文网站上，内容包括： 1. 活动时间和地点； 2. 活动内容； 3. 号召同学们积极参加。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Notice ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Council March 15, 2025 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is the desk? A. Under the window. B. Across from the door. C. Opposite the window. 2. What is the man most probably? A. A doctor. B. A policeman. C. A teacher. 3. When does the conversation most probably take place? A. In spring. B. In autumn. C. In winter. 4. What is the woman doing? A. Enjoying a fountain. B. Having cheese. C. Taking a picture. 5. What will the man keep? A. A shirt. B. A hat. C. A suit. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman dissatisfied with? A. The living room. B. The bedroom. C. The kitchen. 7. What does the man think of the living room? A. New and modern. B. Small but well-furnished. C. Big and bright. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Manager and customer. C. Husband and wife. 9. Whom will the man have lunch with tomorrow? A. Peter. B. Mr. Tanawa. C. Jane. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. When will the dining hall close? A. At about 6:30. B. At about 10:00. C. At about 7:00. 11. Why doesn’t Ann want to eat in the dining hall? A. She had a pizza already. B. She has to prepare for a test. C. She doesn’t like the food there. 12. What will Bill most probably do right now? A. Go to the dining hall. B. Cook dinner at home. C. Order a pizza. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where does the woman work? A. At a newspaper office. B. At a university. C. At a television station. 14. Why is the man applying for this position? A. To get experience. B. To meet famous people. C. To make money. 15. What is the man majoring in at the university? A. Media and Communication. B. English. C. Advertising. 16. What does the man need to do next in order to get the position? A. Complete a form. B. Take some courses. C. Talk to Ms. Wagner. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What do the library members have to do every two years? A. Pay for a new membership card. B. Register in the library again. C. Renew their personal information. 18. How long will the library keep the book booked in advance? A. A week. B. Five days. C. Two weeks. 19. What can be borrowed for one day only? A. Children’s books. B. Dictionaries. C. DVDs. 20. On which day will the library close at 7:00 p.m.? A. Sunday. B. Wednesday. C. Saturday. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A To help our readers find the best bike sharing programs in their area, we reviewed platforms that are local and have options in a few large markets. Here are our top picks. Citi Bike Price: $4.49 per trip up to 30 minutes plus $0.26 added charge per additional minute Availability: Stations located across New York and New Jersey Programs: Single ride, day pass, monthly membership, annual membership Why We Chose It Whether you’re commuting (通勤) to work or exploring the city as a tourist you’ll be able to find a bike near to you and ride comfortably by planning a bike-safe route in the app. Capital Bikeshare Price: $1 unlocking fee plus $0.05 per-minute charge Availability: Stations located across Washington, DC, Virginia, and Maryland Programs: Single ride, day pass, annual membership Why We Chose It Offering access to plenty of bikes around town and in surrounding cities in Maryland and Virginia, this Lyft-backed option also unlocks discounts for helmets and select activities in the area. Bay Wheels Price: $3.49 per trip up to 30 minute plus $0.30 added charge per additional minute Availability: Stations located across California Programs: Single ride, monthly, annual membership Why We Chose It Current ride-share user will appreciate the program’s ease of use, with the ability to rent one of the thousands of bikes across 550 docking stations directly through the Lyft app. Lyft Price: Varies based on location Availability: Stations located across California, Illinois, Ohio, Colorado, Washington, DC, New York, and Oregon Programs: Single ride, day pass and membership options vary depending on city Why We Chose It Offering a wide availability of bikes in seven major markets, Lyft’s platform also provides the infrastructure (基础设施) for a number of top locally branded bike sharing companies in those locations. 1. How much does Citi Bike charge for an hour’s ride? A. $7.8. B. $15.6. C. $12.29. D. $20.29 2. What do Capital Bikeshare and Bay Wheels have in common? A. They offer the same programs. B. They are both backed by Lyft. C. They are both available in California. D They share the same rules of charging. 3. What is an advantage of Lyft over the others? A. It is more widely available. B. It rents bikes of higher quality. C. It enjoys popularity worldwide. D. It provides discounts for helmets. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章旨在帮助读者找到所在地区最佳的共享单车项目，对当地及部分大型市场的共享单车平台进行评估。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Citi Bike 中的“Price: $4.49 per trip up to 30 minutes plus $0.26 added charge per additional minute (价格：30分钟内每次4.49美元，每多一分钟额外收费0.26美元)”可知一小时是60分钟，前30分钟费用为4.49美元，后30分钟费用为30×0.26=7.8美元，所以总费用是4.49+7.8=12.29美元。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Capital Bikeshare中“Offering access to plenty of bikes around town and in surrounding cities in Maryland and Virginia, this Lyft-backed option also unlocks discounts for helmets and select activities in the area. (在马里兰州和弗吉尼亚州的城镇和周边城市，人们可以使用大量的自行车，这个由Lyft支持的选择还可以为头盔和该地区的特定活动提供折扣)”和Bay Wheels中的“Current ride-share user will appreciate the program’s ease of use, with the ability to rent one of the thousands of bikes across 550 docking stations directly through the Lyft app. (现有的共享单车用户会喜欢这个项目的易用性，他们可以直接通过Lyft应用程序在550个停靠站租用数千辆自行车)”可知，二者都由Lyft支持。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Capital Bikeshare中的“Offering a wide availability of bikes in seven major markets, Lyft’s platform also provides the infrastructure (基础设施) for a number of top locally branded bike sharing companies in those locations. (Lyft的平台在七个主要市场提供广泛的自行车供应，还为这些地区的一些顶级本土品牌共享单车公司提供基础设施)”可知，相比其他几个项目，其覆盖范围更广。故选A。 B When Mark Anthony Gonzales saw a police officer in need of assistance, every element of the moral code installed in him through his Chinese martial arts training — morality, courage, benevolence — told him to stop his car and lend a hand, even though his wife, Rachel Ortiz, and his four kids were in the car. The suspect, a balding man of medium build, was running from a police officer in San Antonio, Texas. Gonzales slowed down. So did the man being chased — to avoid running into Gonzales’s minivan. That hesitation allowed the officer to catch up and take the suspect to the ground. But Gonzales quickly realized that the officer did not have control of the situation with the suspect struggling fiercely. Gonzales put his minivan in park and jumped out, as did Ortiz. The first thing Gonzales did was identify himself and spoil out his intention to make it two-on-one in the officer’s favor and not the other way around. Then, with the man on his back and the officer struggling to control the man’s upper body, Gonzales put his weight on the man’s legs. Seconds later, when the suspect rolled onto his stomach, Gonzales used techniques he’d learned in the gym: digging his knee into the suspect’s elbow and pulling the suspect’s head toward him to maintain control from the side. He then applied a nice move — where the hands are placed under the opponent’s arm to control the shoulder and upper body — and tugged until, after a few seconds, the suspect’s shoulder gave out. The officer clicked on the handcuffs and the threat was over. Gonzales had asked his wife to record everything to protect him just in case anything was called into question. But Ortiz posted the video on Facebook, where it attracted over 56 million views. Among those saved by the video was a Chinese martial art instructor Bruce Lee, who stated: “The combination of Gonzales’s technique and his calm communication with both the officer and suspect is the stuff of legends!” 4. Why did Gonzales stop his car? A To uphold justice. B. To witness a chase. C. To show off virtues. D. To protect my family. 5. What did Gonzales do first when he came to the officer? A. He joined in the two-on-one fight. B. He persuaded the suspect to give in. C. He declared his identity and intention. D. He warned the policeman of danger. 6. Why did Gonzales ask Ortiz to shoot the video? A To record his heroic deeds. B. To avoid getting in trouble. C. To attract views on Facebook. D. To expose the suspect’s behavior. 7. What’s the best title of the article? A. Martial Art Makes A Legend B. Justice Has Long Arms C. A Victory Of Two-on-one D. Lending A Well-Trained Hand 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述马克·安东尼·冈萨雷斯运用中国武术技巧协助警察制服嫌疑人的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When Mark Anthony Gonzales saw a police officer in need of assistance, every element of the moral code installed in him through his Chinese martial arts training — morality, courage, benevolence — told him to stop his car and lend a hand, even though his wife, Rachel Ortiz, and his four kids were in the car. (当马克・安东尼・冈萨雷斯看到一名警察需要帮助时，他通过中国武术训练所树立的道德准则 —— 道义、勇气、仁爱 —— 所有要素都告诉他要停下车去伸出援手，尽管他的妻子雷切尔・奥尔蒂斯和四个孩子都在车里。)”可知，冈萨雷斯停车是为了维护正义。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The first thing Gonzales did was identify himself and spoil out his intention to make it two-on-one in the officer’s favor and not the other way around.(冈萨雷斯做的第一件事是表明自己的身份，并说出自己的意图，即形成对警察有利的二对一局面，而不是相反。)”可知，冈萨雷斯来到警察身边时首先声明了自己的身份和意图。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Gonzales had asked his wife to record everything to protect him just in case anything was called into question.(冈萨雷斯让妻子记录下一切以保护自己，以防任何事情受到质疑。)”可知，冈萨雷斯让奥尔蒂斯拍摄视频是为了避免陷入麻烦。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了冈萨雷斯运用经过训练的武术技能帮助警察制服嫌疑人的故事，因此“伸出训练有素的援手”可以概括全文的主题，最适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 C Do you get nervous thinking about geometry, equations (方程式) or a coming math test? If your answer is “yes”, you are far from alone. Math anxiety has become a common psychological (心理的) condition among students around the world. Students in countries with higher levels of math anxiety tend to achieve lower math grades, according to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on Feb. 15. Math anxiety-a negative emotional reaction to the core subject — causes fear, physical suffering and behavior problems among young pupils, according to a University of Cambridge study. In ordinary life, many people experience some degree of discomfort when meeting with a math problem, ranging from mild tension to strong fear. Some people also experience physical symptoms such as sweaty palms or a racing heart. They may then try to avoid every situation involving numbers, meaning they are held back from pursuing careers related to this subject, such as science, technology or engineering, according to The Guardian. Reassurance (慰藉) comes from the fact that those with math anxiety aren’t destined (注定的) to be bad at math. “If a child has math anxiety, don’t assume that they’re not good at math. They may have had a really bad experience with math and there are ways to improve math achievement,” Daniel Ansari, the senior author of the study told The London Free Press. “Students with math anxiety are not cognitively (认知地) disadvantaged.” Also, there are ways to manage your stress related to math. If you’re feeling stressed before a math exam, it may help to spend a few minutes exploring those feelings before the exam begins. “It’s about making sure you’re interpreting your feelings correctly,” Sian Beilock, a cognitive scientist in the US told the BBC. “Just because you have a fast heartbeat and sweaty palms, that does not necessarily mean you will fail.” A little math anxiety could be taken as a positive challenge to overcome. Just like many people get stage fright before delivering a speech, this nervous energy can help to motivate, according to Ian Lyons, a psychologist at Georgetown University in the US. 8. Why does the author begin the passage with a question? A. To expect answers from the readers. B. To introduce the topic “math anxiety”. C. To identify problems with math learning. D. To emphasize the difficulty of a math test. 9. What does the author focus on in Paragraphs 2 and 3? A. Analyzing causes. B. Proving examples. C. Explaining influences. D. Drawing comparisons. 10. What message do Daniel Ansari’s words convey in Paragraph 4? A. Math anxiety is what leads to students’ failure. B. Math anxiety is what nearly everyone will face. C. Math anxiety doesn’t necessarily mean poor math. D. Math anxiety doesn’t necessarily allow improvement space. 11. How should you deal with the stress related to math according to the article? A. Learn to understand your feelings. B. Turn to cognitive experts for help. C. Take all nervous energy as a challenge. D. Practice more before taking math exams. 12. What is the best title for the passage? A. What is anxiety? B. Worried by numbers C. How to avoid studying math? D. Math test — a nightmare for all 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A 12. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数学焦虑症对人们的影响以及应对数学焦虑症的方法。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If your answer is “yes”, you are far from alone. Math anxiety has become a common psychological(心理的)condition among students around the world. (如果你的答案是“是”，那么你并不孤单。数学焦虑在世界各地的学生中已经成为一种常见的心理疾病。)可知作者是通过提问题的形式来引出话题——数学焦虑症。故选B项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Math anxiety-a negative emotional reaction to the core subject—causes fear, physical suffering and behavior problems among young pupils, according to a University of Cambridge study. In ordinary life, many people experience some degree of discomfort when meeting with a math problem, ranging from mild tension to strong fear.( 根据剑桥大学的一项研究，数学焦虑——一种对核心学科的负面情绪反应——会在年轻学生中引起恐惧、身体痛苦和行为问题。在日常生活中，许多人在遇到数学问题时会感到某种程度的不适，从轻微的紧张到强烈的恐惧。)以及第三段“Some people also experience physical symptoms such as sweaty palms or a racing heart. They may then try to avoid every situation involving numbers, meaning they are held back from pursuing careers related to this subject, such as science, technology or engineering, according to The Guardian.(有些人还会出现身体症状，如手掌出汗或心跳加速。据《卫报》报道，他们可能会试图避免每一种涉及数字的情况，这意味着他们无法从事与这一学科相关的职业，比如科学、技术或工程。)可知文章二三段主要解释数学焦虑症对于人们的影响。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“If a child has math anxiety, don’t assume that they’re not good at math. They may have had a really bad experience with math and there are ways to improve math achievement,” Daniel Ansari, the senior author of the study told The London Free Press. “Students with math anxiety are not cognitively (认知地) disadvantaged.(如果一个孩子患有数学焦虑症，不要认为他们不擅长数学。他们可能在数学方面有过非常糟糕的经历，而且有办法提高数学成就，”该研究的资深作者Daniel Ansari告诉《伦敦新闻自由报》。有数学焦虑的学生并没有认知劣势。)”可知Daniel Ansari的话表明患有数学焦虑症的孩子数学能力并不一定差。故选C项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Also, there are ways to manage your stress related to math. If you’re feeling stressed before a math exam, it may help to spend a few minutes exploring those feelings before the exam begins. “It’s about making sure you’re interpreting your feelings correctly, ”(此外，还有一些方法可以应对与数学有关的压力。如果你在数学考试前感到有压力，在考试开始前花几分钟探究这些感觉可能会有帮助。“是要确保你正确地解读自己的感受。”)”可知根据这篇文章，要处理与数学相关的压力就要正确解读自己的感受。故选A项。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段引出数学焦虑症的话题，二三段集中论述数学焦虑症的影响，第四段引用专家的话说明患有数学焦虑症的孩子并不一定数学能力欠缺，第五段告诉我们要如何正确应对数学焦虑症，最后一段讲数学焦虑症积极的一面——可以是一个积极的挑战。纵观全文可以看出文章一直在围绕着数学焦虑症展开。B项“数字焦虑”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B项。 D All the hard work that you’ve spent making strong passwords, combining pet names with umbers, symbols and birthdates could all soon be for nothing as a new artificial intelligence (AI) model achieves a 95% accuracy of understanding keystrokes (按键). At least that’s the extreme view of a team of British researchers. Using a deep learning model, they were able to steal data from a laptop’s keyboard using a microphone to understand what is being typed. This, in theory, would allow hackers who were able to gain access to your laptop to derive what is being typed including messages and passwords. The first step for this attack to work is by recording the keystrokes on someone’s keyboard. This is needed to train the algorithm (计算程序). While this could be done from the laptop’s microphone, it could equally be achieved by placing a smartphone near the computer. By pressing 36 keys on a modern MacBook Pro 25 times each and recording the sounds produced, the researchers gained a full set of training data. This information is turned into waveforms to show identifiable differences between each key. With this information in hand, they could then build a machine-learning model to understand which of these waveforms lines up with which key. “If you get enough data, a model can be built pretty easily,” Oli Buckley, a professor of Internet security. “If it works on one keyboard, it will likely work on the next. The MacBook has a nice, quiet keyboard, so the idea is that if it works on something quiet, it will have a wide-reaching ability on louder keyboards”. While this all sounds pretty scary, not to mention a new form of hacking (侵入) to look out for, it isn’t quite as worrying as it sounds. “A good sample of data is needed for it to work, so this changes if you’re using a Dell, a MacBook or an external keyboard. Also, factors change. Some people type louder and harder, or my keyboards full of cat hair so that impacts things slightly”, says Buckley. 13. What does the underlined word “derive” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Change. B. Record. C. Learn. D. Obtain. 14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Why protective steps are needed. B. Why a set of training data is vital. C. How you record secret messages and passwords. D. How hackers gain data from targeted computers. 15. What do Buckley’s words imply in the last paragraph? A. AI understands exactly what you’re typing. B. Cats play an important role in privacy protection. C. Building an accurate dataset through keystrokes is not easy. D. It is necessary to purchase expensive computers for safety. 16. What is the main idea of the text? A. A scary danger is on the way. B. A new form of hacking troubles us. C. AI can transform the digital world in a creative way. D. AI can discover passwords by listening to you type. 【答案】13. D 14. D 15. C 16. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了AI可通过听按键声破解密码及该技术局限。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Using a deep learning model, they were able to steal data from a laptop’s keyboard using a microphone to understand what is being typed.(使用深度学习模型，他们能够使用麦克风从笔记本电脑的键盘上窃取数据，以了解正在键入的内容)”以及划线单词所在句子“This, in theory, would allow hackers who were able to gain access to your laptop(从理论上讲，这将使能够访问你笔记本电脑的黑客)”可知，黑客通过麦克风获取键盘输入信息，进而获取所输入的内容，derive在此处意为“获取”。故选D。 【14题详解】 段落大意题。根据第三段“The first step for this attack to work is by recording the keystrokes on someone’s keyboard. This is needed to train the algorithm (计算程序). While this could be done from the laptop’s microphone, it could equally be achieved by placing a smartphone near the computer. By pressing 36 keys on a modern MacBook Pro 25 times each and recording the sounds produced, the researchers gained a full set of training data. This information is turned into waveforms to show identifiable differences between each key. With this information in hand, they could then build a machine-learning model to understand which of these waveforms lines up with which key.(这种攻击起作用的第一步是记录某人键盘上的按键。这是训练算法所必需的。虽然这可以通过笔记本电脑的麦克风来完成，但同样可以通过将智能手机放在电脑附近来实现。研究人员通过在现代MacBook Pro上每键按25次，共按36个键，并记录产生的声音，获得了一整套训练数据。这些信息被转换成波形，以显示每个键之间可识别的差异。有了这些信息，他们就可以建立一个机器学习模型，来理解这些波形中哪一个与哪一个键对应)”可知，本段主要介绍了黑客如何从目标计算机获取数据。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““A good sample of data is needed for it to work, so this changes if you’re using a Dell, a MacBook or an external keyboard. Also, factors change. Some people type louder and harder, or my keyboards full of cat hair so that impacts things slightly”, says Buckley.(巴克利说：“要让它发挥作用，就需要一组优质的数据样本，所以如果你使用的是戴尔、MacBook还是外接键盘，情况都会有所不同。此外，还有其他影响因素。有些人打字声音更大、用力更猛，或者我的键盘上全是猫毛，这些都会对结果产生些微影响。”)”可推知，通过按键建立一个准确的数据集并不容易。故选C。 【16题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“All the hard work that you’ve spent making strong passwords, combining pet names with umbers, symbols and birthdates could all soon be for nothing as a new artificial intelligence (AI) model achieves a 95% accuracy of understanding keystrokes (按键).(你花在设置强密码上的所有努力，比如将宠物名字与数字、符号和出生日期结合起来，可能很快就会付诸东流，因为一种新的人工智能（AI）模型对按键的理解准确率达到了95%)”以及第二段“Using a deep learning model, they were able to steal data from a laptop’s keyboard using a microphone to understand what is being typed. This, in theory, would allow hackers who were able to gain access to your laptop to derive what is being typed including messages and passwords.(他们使用一个深度学习模型，能够通过麦克风从笔记本电脑的键盘上窃取数据，从而理解正在输入的内容。从理论上讲，这将使能够访问你笔记本电脑的黑客能够获取正在输入的内容，包括信息和密码)”以及结合文章可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，人工智能可以通过听打字的声音来破解密码，介绍了其工作原理和存在的局限性。可知，文章的主旨是人工智能可以通过听你打字来发现密码。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 These days, most people like using messaging apps when they need to communicate with someone. But sometimes making a call is unavoidable. However, this simple act can actually be a nightmare for some people.____17____. If this sounds familiar to you, you might be one of the millions of people who suffer from telephobia — the fear of speaking over the phone. ___18___ When speaking face-to-face, we use facial expressions and gestures that help each other follow the conversation. This is not the case over the phone. And the idea of speaking with someone on the phone makes some people so terrified that they will freeze up and look foolish. However, there are things that one suffering from this condition can do to ease this fear. One thing that those with telephobia can do before a call is smile. ___19___ It won’t remove the anxiety altogether, but it will take the edge off it. Similarly, imagining how the call will go before you make it can also help things go more smoothly. That will make you feel less nervous and help you predict some possible problems. There’s no need to spend hours on this, just a few minutes forming several ideas of what you want to say.___20___ This is particularly useful for dealing with the fear of not being able to express yourself spontaneously (自然地). And finally, when faced with receiving a call, you don’t always have to pick up. ___21___ A. Doing so can help you feel more relaxed. B. It’s often the opening lines that give us the most anxiety. C. Their hearts race and their hands sweat at the very thought of it. D. People who feel comfortable in social situations may experience telephobia. E. The most important thing is to be aware of your fear and take steps to deal with it. F. You can even write down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking. G. There’s nothing wrong with calling the person back later when you feel more comfortable. 【答案】17. C 18. D 19. A 20. F 21. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电话恐惧症并提出一些建议。 【17题详解】 根据上文“However, this simple act can actually be a nightmare for some people.(然而，这个简单的行为对于有些人来说，实际上可能是一场噩梦)”可知，有些人会害怕打电话，C选项“Their heart race and their hands sweat at the very thought of it.(一想到这件事，他们就心跳加速，双手汗流浃背。)”承接上文，进一步说明了这一噩梦带来的影响，且句中的“it”指代的为“打电话”这一行为。上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 【18题详解】 下文“When speaking face-to-face, we use facial expressions and gestures that help each other follow the conversation. This is not the case over the phone. And the idea of speaking with someone on the phone makes some people so terrified that they will freeze up and look foolish.(面对面交谈时，我们使用面部表情和手势来帮助彼此跟上谈话内容。电话里可不是这么说的。一想到和别人打电话，有些人就会害怕得呆住，看起来很傻。) ”提出有些人能轻松应对面对面的社交场合，但他们会害怕打电话。D选项“People who feel comfortable in social situations may experience telephobia. (在社交场合感到舒适的人可能会经历电话恐惧症。)”是下文内容的概括，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 【19题详解】 上文“One thing that those with telephobia can do before a call is smile. (有电话恐惧症的人在打电话前可以做的一件事就是微笑。)”提出微笑有助于应对电话恐惧症。A项“Doing so can help you feel more relaxed.(这样做可以让你感觉更放松。)”承接上文，解释原因：微笑可以让你感觉更放松。句中“Doing so”照应上文“smile”。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“There’s no need to spend hours on this.just a few minutes forming several ideas of what you want to say.(没有必要花几个小时在这个问题上，只需要几分钟形成你想说的几个想法。)”可知，本段主要说的是可以提前计划自己要说的内容，F选项“You can even write down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking.(你甚至可以写一些简单的笔记来提醒你自己你的谈话内容。)”中的“even”为解题关键，进一步讲述如何提前计划自己说话的内容，与上文一致，符合题意。故选F项。 【21题详解】 上文“And finally, when faced with receiving a call, you don’t always have to pick up. (最后，当面对接听电话时，您不必总是接听。)”提出你可以稍后再回电话，G选项“There’s nothing wrong with calling the person back later when you feel more comfortable.(等你觉得舒服的时候再回电话也没有问题。)”说明这样做的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分55分） 第一节（共25小题：每小题1分，满分25分） A 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 UPS driver Ryan Arens was making his rounds near a pond in Bozeman when he heard a strange sound. It was December, and about 15 feet from the ____22____ bank was the source of that sound — a half-submerged (半淹没) dog, ____23____ to hold a thin layer of ice. An elderly man was already on the ____24____, determined to save her. He’d ____25____ the pond in a rowboat and was striking the ice with a rock to create a(n) ____26____ to the dog. It was slow going, and Arens, 44, thought he stood a ____27____ chance. “Animals are my weakness,” he said, explaining why he chose to take off his overcoat, even though the temperature was -30℃, and ____28____ the rescue task. His heart beating fast, Arens ____29____ the dog, using the other man’s rock to break the ice. He gave one ____30____ heave (拖动) with so much force that he slipped off the boat, ____31____ into 16 feet of cold water. Luckily, he ____32____ in time to see the dog going under. He swam about five feet toward her, took ____33____ of her collar, and pulled her to the ice. He then lifted the dog into the boat and slid it back to the shore, where ____34____ bystanders carried the dog to the home of the rowboat owner. The next day, Arens was back working in the same neighborhood when the dog’s owner ____35____ to thank him for saving Sadie. “Would you like to meet her?” he asked. He opened the door to his car, and Sadie ran out. She went directly towards Arens, leaping on him and bathing him in wet kisses. “That special delivery was the ____36____ of my UPS career.” said Arens. 22. A. sharp B. distant C. vast D. frozen 23. A. failing B. struggling C. deciding D. hesitating 24. A. bank B. line C. scene D. road 25. A. entered B. bridged C. crossed D. discovered 26. A. attraction B. item C. reaction D. path 27. A. better B. smaller C. slighter D. purer 28. A. turned down B. took over C. brought up D. set aside 29. A. comforted B. attracted C. cornered D. neared 30. A. creative B. careful C. strong D. casual 31. A. diving B. crashing C. dashing D. bumping 32. A. breathed B. responded C. resurfaced D. disappeared 33. A. hold B. possession C. care D. advantage 34. A. brilliant B. passive C. indifferent D. anxious 35. A. ran away B. went off C. cut in D. came over 36. A. accident B. highlight C. responsibility D. direction 【答案】22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍UPS快递司机Arens救落入冰窟的狗狗的故事，展现他的善良以及人与动物之间的温情。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时是12月，在离冰冻的河岸大约15英尺的地方，传来了那声音——一只半浸在水中的狗，挣扎着抓住一层薄薄的冰。A. sharp锋利的；B. distant遥远的；C. vast广阔的；D. frozen冰冻的。根据上文“It was December”和下文“to hold a thin layer of ice”可知河岸是冰冻的，故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. failing失败；B. struggling挣扎；C. deciding决定；D. hesitating犹豫。根据上文“a half-submerged (半淹没) dog”可知狗半淹没在水中，所以是挣扎着去抓住一层薄薄的冰，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位老人已经到了现场，决心要救她。A. bank岸边；B. line线，排；C. scene现场；D. road路。根据下文“determined to save her”可知一位老人决定救狗可推测他在现场，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他乘划艇进入池塘，用一块石头敲击冰面，为狗开辟一条路。A. entered进入；B. bridged架桥；C. crossed穿过；D. discovered发现。根据下文“was striking the ice with a rock”可知老人在用一块石头敲击冰面，说明已经进入池塘，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. attraction吸引；B. item物品；C. reaction反应；D. path路径。根据上文“was striking the ice with a rock”可知老人用石头敲击冰面，是为狗开辟一条路，故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：进展缓慢，44岁的Arens认为自己有更好的机会。A. better更好的；B. smaller更小的；C. slighter更轻微的；D. purer更纯净的。根据上文“It was slow going”可知老人用石头敲冰面进展很慢，所以Arens认为自己有更好的机会去救狗，故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“动物是我的弱点，”他说，并解释了为什么在零下30℃的低温下，他还是选择脱下大衣，接管救援任务。A. turned down拒绝；B. took over接管；C. brought up养育；D. set aside留出。根据上文““Animals are my weakness,” he said, explaining why he chose to take off his overcoat, even though the temperature was -30℃”可知他脱下大衣去下水救狗，所以是接管救援任务，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Arens心跳加速，靠近狗，用另一个人的石头破冰。A. comforted安慰；B. attracted吸引；C. cornered使陷入绝境；D. neared靠近。根据上文“and ____7____ the rescue task.”可知Arens接管了救援任务，去救狗，所以要靠近狗，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他用力一甩，结果从船上滑了下去，掉进了16英尺深的冷水里。A. creative有创造力的；B. careful小心的；C. strong有力的；D. casual随便的。根据下文“with so much force that he slipped off the boat”可知他用力过猛结果从船上滑了下去，故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. diving潜水；B. crashing坠落；C. dashing猛冲；D. bumping碰撞。根据上文“with so much force that he slipped off the boat”可知他用力过猛结果从船上滑了下去，所以是掉进了水里，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他及时浮出水面，看到狗沉下去了。A. breathed呼吸；B. responded回应；C. resurfaced重新浮出水面；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“to see the dog going under”可知看到狗沉下去了，所以是浮出水面才能看到，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：他向她游了大约五英尺，抓住她的项圈，把她拉到冰上。A. (take) hold (of)抓住；B. (take) possession(of)占有；C. (take) care(of)照顾；D. (take) advantage(of)利用。根据下文“pulled her to the ice”可知是抓住狗的项圈，把她拉到冰上，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，他把狗抱到船上，把它滑回岸边，焦急的旁观者把狗带到划艇主人的家里。A. brilliant杰出的；B. passive被动的；C. indifferent冷漠的；D. anxious焦急的。根据常识推测看到有人救狗，旁观者应该都是焦急的看着，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，Arens回到同一个社区工作时，狗的主人过来感谢他救了Sadie。A. ran away逃跑；B. went off爆炸；C. cut in插嘴；D. came over过来。根据上文“the dog’s owner”和前文可知Arens救了那条狗，所以狗的主人过来感谢他，故选D。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意： “那次特殊递送是我UPS职业生涯中的亮点。”Arens说。A. accident事故；B. highlight亮点；C. responsibility责任；D. direction方向。根据前文可知Arens救了狗狗Sadie，所以他认为这是他职业生涯中精彩的经历，也就是亮点，故选B。 B 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A golden fog settled over the fields. The sun prepared to rest for the evening. I looked forward to setting my ____37____ aside for an evening. I wasn’t long headed home when I heard a voice behind me. “Photo, photo, photo.” A young boy about 7 or 8 years old followed closely. I breathed a tired sigh. I had no ____38____ to press the shutter button one more time, no matter how beautiful or eager he was, but he kept following me. As I looked at him, half interested, an idea for a composition ____39____ in my mind. I kneeled in the field and instructed the boy where to stand and how to pose. As I prepared to take the photograph, his energy suddenly shifted from ____40____ to shyness to fear. No matter what I told him to do — how to stand, how to look — I just couldn’t get the ____41____. Defeated, I gave up. I looked at the boy, who looked ____42____ and awkward. In an effort to ____43____ him, I clapped my hands, saying, “That was great. You were great.” Passers-by gathered around, cheering and clapping loudly. The boy’s face immediately ____44____ a smile. I intuitively (直觉地) took a few photos of the instant. That photograph turned out to be better than the ____45____ I’d imagined because it came from a deeper place within me. When we let go of frustration and focus on what’s here in the ____46____, that is when we are moved to create from the inside out. 37. A. money B. camera C. dinner D. notebook 38. A. time B. confidence C. energy D. chance 39. A. flashed B. developed C. changed D. created 40. A. panic B. confusion C. eagerness D. directness 41. A. help B. attention C. idea D. shot 42. A. alone B. violent C. cheerful D. thoughtful 43. A. disturb B. cheer C. accept D. satisfy 44. A. broke into B. turned to C. set up D. held back 45. A. style B. color C. content D. composition 46. A. photo B. imagination C. moment D. creation 【答案】37. B 38. C 39. A 40. C 41. D 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者拍照时与小男孩互动及感悟创作真谛。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我期待着一个晚上把相机放一边。A. money钱；B. camera相机；C. dinner晚餐；D. notebook笔记本。根据下文“press the shutter button”可知，作者的职业与相机相关，此处指放下相机休息。故选B。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管他多么漂亮或渴望（拍照），我都没有力气再按一次快门按钮了，但他一直跟着我。A. time时间；B. confidence自信；C. energy精力；D. chance机会。根据前文“I breathed a tired sigh.”可知，作者很疲惫，没有精力再拍照了。故选C。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我半感兴趣地看着他时，一个构图的想法在我脑海中闪现。A. flashed闪现；B. developed发展；C. changed改变；D. created创造。根据空前“an idea”可知，一个想法在脑海中闪现，flash in one’s mind为固定搭配，意为“在脑海中闪现”。故选A。 【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我准备拍照时，他的情绪突然从急切变成了害羞，最后变成了恐惧。A. panic恐慌；B. confusion困惑；C. eagerness急切；D. directness直接。根据前文“A young boy about 7 or 8 years old followed closely.”可知，小男孩一直跟着作者想拍照，说明他很急切，这里说情绪从急切变成害羞等。故选C。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我告诉他怎么做——怎么站，怎么看——我都拍不到理想的照片。A. help帮助；B. attention注意力；C. idea想法；D. shot照片，拍摄。根据下文“Defeated, I gave up.”可知，作者放弃了，说明这里说拍不到理想的照片，get the shot意为“拍到好照片”。故选D。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看着那个男孩，他看起来孤独又尴尬。A. alone孤独的；B. violent暴力的；C. cheerful高兴的；D. thoughtful沉思的。根据空后“awkward”可知，作者没拍好照片放弃以及小男孩的表现，说明他看起来孤独又尴尬。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让他振作起来，我拍了拍手说：“太棒了。你太棒了。”A. disturb打扰、使烦恼；B. cheer使振奋；C. accept接受；D. satisfy使满意。根据后文“I clapped my hands, saying, “That was great. Passers-by gathered around, cheering and clapping loudly.”可知，作者夸小男孩以及路人的反应可知，作者是想让小男孩振作起来。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：男孩的脸上立刻露出了笑容。A. broke into露出（笑容等）；B. turned to转向；C. set up建立；D. held back抑制。根据前文“I clapped my hands, saying, “That was great. Passers-by gathered around, cheering and clapping loudly.”可知，小男孩听到夸赞后露出笑容，break into a smile意为“突然笑起来”。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那张照片比我想象的构图还要好，因为它来自我内心更深处。A. style风格；B. color颜色；C. content内容；D. composition构图。根据前文“an idea for a composition”可知，作者有构图的想法，这里说照片比想象的构图好。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们放下沮丧，专注于当下的时刻，那时我们就会从内而外地被感动去创造。A. photo照片；B. imagination想象；C. moment时刻；D. creation创造。根据空前“When we let go of frustration and focus on what’s here”可知，作者认为人们需要专注于当下的时刻。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As dawn breaks over a Beijing village, 75-year-old Hao Lanying sits at her desk, scissors ___47___ (hold), cutting red paper into complicated designs. Her “auspicious snake (吉祥蛇)” series, created to celebrate the Year of the Snake, ___48___ (reflect) her mastery of water-ripple paper-cutting, ___49___ technique from the late Qing Dynasty. Unlike others, Hao uses scissors instead of knives, making delicate patterns on single-layer paper. For over 50 years, Hao has been promoting this dying art ___50___ (global). In 2004, UNESCO acquired her works, ___51___ have since been presented as national gifts to European dignitaries. A world map in her studio, marked with 193 red pins, traces her cultural journey. “I hope Chinese paper-cutting ___52___ (root) in every continent,” reads her note. Her international mission began in 2005 in Brazil, where she blended carnival feathers with Yangge ribbons, ___53___ (create) a stamp to commemorate (纪念) China-Brazil ties. An AR system ___54___ (far) showcased her craft. At a UN ___55___ (exhibit), she declared, “Each paper-cutting is a window ____56____ Chinese culture. Millions of windows reveal the starry sky of human civilizations.” 【答案】47. held 48. reflects 49. a 50. globally 51. which 52. will be rooted 53. creating 54. further 55. exhibition 56. to 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了75岁的郝兰英在北京的一个村庄里，通过剪纸艺术传承和推广中国文化的故事。 【47题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当黎明降临北京的一个村庄时，75岁的郝兰英坐在桌前，手里拿着剪刀，将红纸剪成复杂的设计。分析句子结构，本句为“名词+非谓语动词”独立主格结构，scissors与hold为逻辑被动关系，hold用过去分词形式。故填held。 【48题详解】 考查时态。句意：她的“吉祥蛇”系列是为了庆祝蛇年而创作的，反映了她对水波纹剪纸的掌握，这是一种来自晚清的技术。陈述客观事实，谓语动词reflect为一般现在时，注意主谓一致，故填reflects。 【49题详解】 考查冠词。句意：她的“吉祥蛇”系列是为了庆祝蛇年而创作的，反映了她对水波纹剪纸的掌握，这是一种来自晚清的技术。表示泛指“一种来自晚清的技术”且technique首字母的发音为辅音音素，用不定冠词a，故填a。 【50题详解】 考查副词。句意：50多年来，郝兰英一直在全球推广这种濒临消亡的艺术。副词globally作状语修饰动词promoting，故填globally。 【51题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：2004年，联合国教科文组织收藏了她的作品，这些作品后来被作为国礼赠送给欧洲政要。先行词为her works，指物，关系词替代先行词在非限制性定语从句作主语，关系代词为which。故填which。 【52题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：“我希望中国剪纸艺术能在每个大陆扎根。”表示将来的动作，从句谓语动词root用一般将来时，主语与谓语为被动关系，故填will be rooted。 【53题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她的国际使命始于2005年的巴西，在那她将狂欢节的羽毛与秧歌的丝带结合在一起，创作了一枚邮票来纪念中巴关系。空处为非谓语动词，she与create为逻辑主动关系，create用现在分词形式作状语。故填creating。 【54题详解】 考查副词。句意：一个AR系统进一步展示了她的技艺。根据句意可知，用副词far的比较级“further(进一步地)”作状语修饰动词showcase，故填further。 【55题详解】 考查名词。句意：在联合国的一次展览上，她宣布：“每一件剪纸都是中国文化的窗口。”设空处作介词at的宾语，结合不定冠词a，用单数名词exhibition，故填exhibition。 【56题详解】 考查介词。句意：在联合国的一次展览上，她宣布：“每一件剪纸都是中国文化的窗口”。a window to the world通往世界的窗口，故填to。 第三节 基础知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 根据提示，填写恰当单词，每空一词。 57. I said ________ (祝贺) and walked over to him and shook his hand. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】congratulations 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我说了声祝贺，走过去和他握了握手。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，根据提示汉语，表示“祝贺”应为congratulation，通常用名词复数形式。故填congratulations。 58. I don’t think we have met before though I have to say I am indeed __________(熟悉) with both your face and voice. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】familiar 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我想我们以前没有见过面，但我不得不说我确实熟悉你的脸和声音。设空处接在be动词后，应用形容词作表语，故填familiar。 59. Their __________(抱怨) have finally stirred him into action. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】complaints 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们的抱怨终于促使他采取了行动。根据汉语提示和句意可知是名词complaint，可数名词，根据their，应用名词复数形式，作主语，故填complaints。 60. On the front gate of each household is __________ (布满，点缀) with red Chinese knots and lanterns. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】dotted 【解析】 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：家家户户的大门上都挂着红色的中国结和灯笼。“布满，点缀”是dot，大门被点缀，句子用被动语态，空格处用过去分词，be dotted with是固定短语，意为“点缀着……”。故填dotted。 61. There are hundreds of ___________(有毒的) spiders and snakes. 【答案】poisonous 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：世界上有数百种有毒的蜘蛛和蛇。修饰名词短语spiders and snakes，用形容词，所以填poisonous。 62. It enhances people’s ability to work __________ (独立). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】independently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：它提高了人们独立工作能力。空格处用副词修饰动词work，“独立”的副词是independently，故填independently。 63. She was a woman of unique talent and __________(决心). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】determination 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她是一个有独特才能和决心的女人。根据汉语提示和句意可知是名词determination，作宾语，表示抽象含义，不可数。故填determination。 64. He shouldn’t be taping without the singer’s __________ (许可). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】permission 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：未经歌手允许，他不应该录音。根据汉语提示和句意可知是名词permission，作宾语，故填permission。 65. This is an extremely __________(scene) part of the countryside. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】scenic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是乡村中风景极为优美的一部分。此处应填形容词来修饰名词part，scene的形容词为scenic表示“风景优美的”，作定语。故填scenic。 66. I have to say it will surely be __________(benefit) for you if you develop a good learning habit. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】beneficial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我不得不说，如果你养成了一个好的学习习惯，这对你肯定是有益的。设空处接在be动词后，应用形容词作表语，故填beneficial。 67. How can I ever repay you for your __________(generous)? （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】generosity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我怎样才能报答你的慷慨呢？设空处为宾语，应用名词generosity，为不可数名词。故填generosity。 68. The whole argument rests on a false __________(assume). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】assumption 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：整个论证建立在一个错误的假设之上。设空前有a修饰，应用名词单数，作宾语，故填assumption。 69. Whales __________(origin) in the freshwater lakes and rivers of ancient Asia about sixty million years ago. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】originated 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：大约六千万年前，鲸鱼起源于古代亚洲的淡水湖和河流。设空处为谓语，应用动词originate，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填originated。 70. Provided they are well designed, they can adjust ________ (flexible) to the need for assistance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】flexibly 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：只要设计得当，就可以根据援助的需要进行灵活调整。提示词修饰动词adjust，用副词flexibly作状语，意为“灵活地”。故填flexibly。 71. The answer to the problem must be ______ (seek) elsewhere. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】sought 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这个问题的答案必须到别处去寻找。主语The answer to the problem 与seek之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。be动词后接动词的过去分词形式。故填sought。 第四部分 写作（满分15分） 72. 3月21日是国际森林日，你校学生会计划当天在市森林公园组织义务清扫活动。请你写一则通知，刊登在校英文网站上，内容包括： 1. 活动时间和地点； 2. 活动内容； 3. 号召同学们积极参加。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Notice ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Council March 15, 2025 【答案】 Notice Dear students, To enhance environmental consciousness and make a tangible contribution to our urban ecosystem, the Student Council is set to organize a voluntary cleaning initiative at the City Forest Park next Saturday morning. This event, by virtue of protecting our natural surroundings and nurturing profound sense of civic responsibility, holds profound significance. At 9 am, we will assemble at the park entrance, where the instruments of labor will be handed out. Over approximately three hours, we’ll be engaged in picking up litter, clearing pathways, as well as promoting eco-friendly practices to the tourists. Please bring your own water bottles and wear sports shoes and gloves to avoid injuries. Never should we underestimate the power of collective effort. By joining this endeavor, you are not merely participating in a cleaning task; you are helping to restore and preserve the nature’s beauty. Let’s unite to craft a greener, more vibrant environment! Sign up via the school website or reach out to us directly. The Student Council March 15, 2025 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇通知，通知校学生会计划3月21日在市森林公园组织义务清扫活动一事。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提高：enhance→boost 集合：assemble→gather 分发：hand out→give out 参加：participate in→take part in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To enhance environmental consciousness and make a tangible contribution to our urban ecosystem, the Student Council is set to organize a voluntary cleaning initiative at the City Forest Park next Saturday morning. 拓展句：The Student Council is set to organize a voluntary cleaning initiative at the City Forest Park next Saturday morning, the purpose of which is to enhance environmental consciousness and make a tangible contribution to our urban ecosystem. 【点睛】[高分句型1] At 9 am, we will assemble at the park entrance, where the instruments of labor will be handed out. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Never should we underestimate the power of collective effort. (运用了部分倒装句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $