精品解析：北京师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷

北京师大附中2024-2025学年（下）高一期末考试 英语试卷 考生须知 1. 本试卷有八道大题，共16页。考试时长120分钟，满分150分。 2. 考生务必将答案填写在机读卡和答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 3. 考试结束后，考生应将机读卡和答题纸交回。 第Ⅰ卷 一、听力（本大题共20小题，共20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What will the woman do this evening? A. Have dinner with Mike. B. Go out with her parents. C. Stay at home with her brother. 2. How will the man help the woman? A. By writing invitations. B. By preparing dinner. C. By going shopping. 3. What day is it today? A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday. 4. What is next to the oldest building in town? A. City Hall. B. The police station. C. The post office. 5. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To take out insurance. B. To describe his illness. C. To make an appointment. 第二节 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a hotel. B. In the man’s office. C. In a post office. 7. What will the man do next? A. Post some papers. B. Find a fax machine. C. Go downstairs. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. How will the woman go to San Diego from Los Angeles? A. By bus. B. By plane. C. By train. 9 Why will the woman go to California? A. To study in a university. B. To see her sister. C. To visit the man. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where did the man most probably lose his phone? A. On the underground. B. In a restaurant. C. In a bank. 11. What will the man do before five o’clock? A Meet the woman. B. Buy a new phone. C. Make a call to the woman 12. How does the man fee in the end? A. Surprised. B. Doubtful. C. Grateful. 听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。 13. Who is the speaker? A. An English teacher. B. A university student. C. A news reporter. 14. What does the speaker suggest? A. Practicing listening more after class. B. Trying to understand every word when listening. C. Listening to pop songs without reading the words. 15. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to improve English listening. B. How to understand teachers better. C. How to find interesting materials. 第三节 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题，每空只需填写一个词。听独白前，你有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你有90秒钟的作答时间。本段独白你将听两遍。 Courses at Highbury College Courses An English________course dealing with 20th-century writers and ________. A course about 18h-century________ A course in Modern Architecture Time From 9:00 a. m. to 3:00 p. m. No classes ou________ Price $ 425 including all meals, full use of the library, ________ activities and all books 二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共15分） “I Got Him!” It was the homecoming parade in Rockwall, Texas, and cheerleader Tyra Winters in her uniform, was riding atop one of the school’s floats (花车). As it slowly made its way down the street, the 17-year-old enthusiastically ____1____ at the crowd, all the while absorbed in the music, laughter, and applause. All of a sudden, a horrible ____2____ came. Looking down, Winters saw a two-year-old on the sidewalk breathing for air with great difficulty, his mother ____3____ for help in panic. The boy had been eating a piece of candy when it ____4____ down the back of his mouth, getting stuck in his throat and blocking his windpipe. “There was no coughing; there was no ____5____,” his mother, Nicole cried. No one seemed to know how to help. Except for Winters. With dreams of becoming a surgeon, she had learned first aid. Knowing that every second ____6____, she jumped off the moving float and ran to the child. By the time she got to the boy, his face had turned purple. “I got him!” she yelled to Nicole as she ____7____ the boy from her. Winters positioned him against her and gave a good three back slaps (拍打). Soon, the boy coughed up the piece of ____8____, and began breathing again. Without another word, Winters handed the boy back to his mother and hurried back to her float before it could leave her behind. It all happened so ____9____, Nicole never had time to thank the teen. Winters’ heroic actions left Nicole ____10____. “I don’t really have any words. “ she said, “Thank you doesn’t seem good enough.” 1. A. stared B. shouted C. waved D. laughed 2. A. scream B. music C. ring D. whisper 3. A. preparing B. waiting C. applying D. begging 4. A. jumped B. fell C. slid D. ran 5. A. speaking B. breathing C. crying D. laughing 6. A. continued B. faded C. counted D. approached 7. A. moved B. grabbed C. separated D. drew 8. A. blood B. nut C. biscuit D. candy 9. A. quietly B. quickly C. obviously D. gradually 10. A. speechless B. doubtless C. fearless D. breathless 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一名17岁的啦啦队队长在游行时从彩车上跳下来救助一名因糖果堵住气管的男孩的英勇故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它慢慢沿着街道行驶时，这位17岁的女孩热情地向人群挥手，同时沉浸在音乐、笑声和掌声中。A. stared凝视；B. shouted呼喊；C. waved挥手；D. laughed笑。根据前文“cheerleader Tyra Winters in her uniform, was riding atop one of the school’s floats (花车)”可知，作为啦啦队员，Winters在花车上应该是向人群挥手。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，一声可怕的尖叫传来。A. scream尖叫；B. music音乐；C. ring铃声；D. whisper低语。根据后文“Winters saw a two-year-old on the sidewalk breathing for air with great difficulty”可知，两岁小孩呼吸困难，她的母亲发出尖叫。故选A。 3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Winters看到一个两岁的孩子在人行道上呼吸困难，他的母亲惊慌失措地求救。A. preparing准备；B. waiting等待；C. applying申请；D. begging恳求。根据后文“for help in panic”可知，孩子情况危急时，母亲应是急切地乞求他人帮助，begging体现了紧迫性。故选D。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩在吃糖果时，糖果滑到嘴后，卡在喉咙里，堵住了气管。A. jumped跳；B. fell落下；C. slid滑动；D. ran跑。根据后文“down the back of his mouth, getting stuck in his throat”可知，糖果滑到嘴后，卡在喉咙里。故选C。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他没有咳嗽；也没有呼吸，”他的母亲Nicole哭着说。A. speaking说话；B. breathing呼吸；C. crying哭；D. laughing笑。根据前文“getting stuck in his throat and blocking his windpipe”可知，糖果堵住了气管，孩子无法呼吸。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她知道每一秒都很重要，于是从移动的花车上跳下来，跑向孩子。A. continued继续；B. faded褪色；C. counted重要；D. approached接近。根据后文“she jumped off the moving float and ran to the child”可知，情况紧急，每一秒都很重要。故选C。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我抓住他了！”她一边从Nicole手里接过男孩，一边对Nicole喊道。A. moved移动；B. grabbed抓住；C. separated分离；D. drew画。根据后文“Winters positioned him against her and gave a good three back slaps”可知，情况紧急，Winters应迅速抓住男孩进行急救。故选B。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，男孩咳出了那块糖果，又开始呼吸了。A. blood血；B. nut坚果；C. biscuit饼干；D. candy糖果。根据前文“The boy had been eating a piece of candy”可知，男孩咳出了那块糖果。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这一切发生得太快了，Nicole都没来得及感谢那个女孩。A. quietly安静地；B. quickly迅速地；C. obviously显然地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据后文“Nicole never had time to thank the teen”可知，事情发生得太快了，Nicole没来得及感谢女孩，女孩就离开了。故选B。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Winters的英勇行为让Nicole无言以对。A. speechless无言的；B. doubtless无疑的；C. fearless无畏的；D. breathless气喘吁吁的。根据后文“I don’t really have any words.”可知，Winters的英勇行为让Nicole感动的说不出话来。故选A。 三、阅读理解（本大题共20. 小题，共30分） 第一节 A If you’re looking to buy a gift for your children, why not keep up with the trend and get the best hoverboard? What is a Hoverboard? A hoverboard is a two-wheeled personal transportation device. It’s electrical, portable and became highly popular in 2015. Typically, this self-balancing device operates like a powered skateboard. How Does a Hoverboard Work? The device may have many designs, but the mechanism itself isn’t complicated. Basically, a standard hoverboard contains: •Battery: stores the electrical power. Almost all hoverboards use a high-watt lithium-ion battery. •Gyroscope (one for each wheel): allows riders to tilt (倾斜) the hoverboard while maintaining balance and adjusting their direction. •Motor (one in each wheel): provides the power to the wheels to keep the rider balanced and upright. •Logic board: functions as the hoverboard brain. It processes data—your speed, tilt, etc.—and sends information to the motors. This unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust their speed. All the above components work together to control the power and tilt of the hoverboards so the rider is balanced, upright and moving at a controlled speed. Why Buy a Hoverboard? Undoubtedly, hoverboards are cool. You’ve probably seen kids riding one around the house. They’re a phenomenon and everybody wants in. So, why deny your kids and prevent them from being part of this trend? Where is a hoverboard legal? Despite their wild popularity, hoverboards have yet to become “street-legal”. Currently, some places prohibit anyone under 16 from using these devices, and hoverboards are banned in academic institutions and public places, like campus buildings, parks, shopping malls and subway stations. Some places have also put speed limits on the devices and restricted their use to bike paths. However, open areas—including your yard—are free of these restrictions. 11. The logic board of a hoverboard can ______. A. store electricity B. power the wheels C. send information to the riders D. receive data and give command 12. According to the passage, you can see a hoverboard can be used ______. A. on campus B. in parks C. on bike paths D. in shopping malls 13. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To evaluate a gift’s quality. B. To suggest a gift option. C. To compare new hoverboard models. D. To explain functions of the latest hoverboards. 【答案】11. D 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一则推荐类的广告。文章主要介绍了悬滑板（平衡车）的相关情况。 11题详解】 细节理解题。由•Logic board 部分中的“It processes data — your speed, tilt, etc.— and sends information to the motors. This unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust their speed.”可知，它处理数据——你的速度、倾斜度等——并将信息发送给电动机。这个装置控制着滑板的力量，所以骑手们可以调整他们的速度。由此我们可以判断logic board可以接收数据，并发出指令。故选D。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Currently, some places prohibit anyone under 16 from using these devices, and hoverboards are banned in academic institutions and public places, like campus buildings, parks, shopping malls and subway stations.”可知，目前，一些地方禁止16岁以下的人使用这些设备，学术机构和公共场所也禁止使用悬滑板（平衡车），比如校园建筑、公园、购物中心和地铁站。选项A校园，B公园，D购物中心都被排除。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段中的“If you’re looking to buy a gift for your children, why not keep up with the trend and get the best hoverboard?”可知，如果你想给你的孩子买礼物，为什么不紧跟潮流，买最好的悬滑板（平衡车）呢？由此可知，这篇文章是帮大家推荐一款给孩子的礼物。故选B。 B Open water swimming I had only swum in open water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, so I wasn’t prepared for how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day. A swimmer told me the water felt colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge. Most of the people taking part were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners — which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race. I had chosen the third one-mile race of the day. There were over 600 people in my race. We were taken through a preparation area, a children’s paddling pool-sized part of the lake where we moved in to feel how cold the water was. “Not too bad” was everyone’s thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake. We’d been warned that the first 100 meters would be really rough. However, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm; it felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and technique, and just keep going. As I approached the 400m-to-go mark my lower right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful. I didn’t want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg. Finally, I saw the finishing post, and I just concentrated on getting there — still one-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didn’t matter — the atmosphere was fantastic and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time. I’m attracted and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next open-water swim. 14. How did the author feel before the race? A. Scared of the most challenging race. B. Disappointed by the difficult conditions. C. Determined to be as tough as the people around her. D. Concerned about the other swimmers in the race. 15. Why does the author mention the two people in Paragraph 2? A. To stress the importance of the race. B. To praise the experienced swimmers. C. To introduce the various events of the race. D. To show the wide range of the participants. 16. The author suggests in Paragraph 4 that ________. A. the race would cause breathing problems B. the race became harder than she had expected C. it would have been easier if she had taken others’ advice D. it was really necessary to prepare for tough swims 17. What does the author talk about in the last paragraph? A. Her confidence in her own ability. B. Her pride in having swum so quickly. C. Her surprise at having managed to finish. D. Her eagerness to repeat the experience. 【答案】14. C 15. D 16. B 17. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了作者参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历，最终成功到达终点线的故事。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.(但我和其他10000人即将完成挑战)”可推知，作者和其他人一样坚定地要完成这项运动。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners — which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.(似乎有一群开放水域爱好者和完全的初学者，这正是游泳的目的，让尽可能多的人完成自己的挑战。参加比赛的年龄最大的女性是77岁，她参加了两英里的比赛，而去年一名男子参加了每一英里的比赛)”可推知，作者提及两人是为了说明该比赛参与者范围很广。故选D项。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful.(我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是没有作用，我感觉整条腿开始紧张疼痛)”可推知，这次比赛比她想象的要艰难。故选B项。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“I’m attracted and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next open-water swim.(我被吸引住了，想要再尝试一次，准备好为下一次游泳比赛报名)”可知，作者在最后一段谈到了她渴望重复这段经历。故选D项。 C A crucial period for learning the rules and structure of a language lasts up to around age 17 or 18, say psychologist Joshua Hartshorne of MIT and his colleagues. Previous research had suggested that grammar-learning ability developed in early childhood before hitting a dead end around age 5. However, Hartshorne’s team reports online in Cognition that people who started learning English as a second language in an English-speaking country by age 10 to 12 ultimately mastered the new tongue as well as folks who had learned English and another language at the same time from birth. Both groups, however, fell somewhat short of the grammatical fluency displayed by English-only speakers. After ages 10 to 12, new-to-English learners reached lower levels of fluency than those who started learning English at younger ages because time ran out when their grammar-absorbing ability fell starting around age 17. Aiming for a sample of tens of thousands of volunteers, Hartshorne began by contacting friends on Facebook to take an online English grammar quiz, which used a person’s responses to guess his or her native language and dialect (方言) of English. Then volunteers filled out a questionnaire asking where they had lived, languages they had spoken from birth, the age at which they began learning English and the number of years they had lived in an English-speaking country. In the end, the researchers analyzed responses of 669,498 native and nonnative English speakers. Statistical calculations focused on estimating at what ages people with varying amounts of experience peaking English reached peak grammar ability. Researchers who study language learning regard the new study as fascinating, but exploratory. According to psycholinguist David Barner of the University of California, San Diego, Hartshorne’s team can’t yet say that language skill develops along a single timeline. Different elements of grammar, such as using correct word order or subjects and verbs that agree with one another, might be learned at different rates, Barner says. It’s also unclear whether the responses of volunteers to an online, 132-item grammar test reflect how well of poorly they actually speak English, he says. What’s more, language learning involves more than a crucial period for acquiring grammar, cautions linguist David Birdsong of the University of Texas at Austin. For instance, growing up speaking two languages at once puts still poorly understood burdens on the ability to grasp grammar, he says. In the new study, people who were bilinguals from birth fell short of peak English grammar scores achieved by English-only speakers. That’s consistent with evidence that bilinguals cannot easily turn off one language while speaking another, Birdsong says. Interactions between tongues spoken by one person may slightly depress how much can be learned about both languages, even if bilingual communication still reaches high levels, he suggests. 18. Hartshorne and his colleagues found that____ . A. one reaches a higher level of fluency at age 10 B. one learns a second language fastest at about age 12 C. one gets a good grasp of English grammar before age 5 D. one’s ability to master grammar declines at around age17 19. Hartshorne collected data through ______. A. social media B. experiments in the lab C. literature review D. face-to-face interviews 20. David Barner believes that ______. A. language skill develops along a single timeline B. online volunteers do not cover a wide enough range C. different grammar items may be acquired at different paces D. the quiz in the new study does not include enough questions 21. What can we know about bilinguals from the last two paragraphs? A. They can achieve a perfect grammar score. B. Grammar learning is the biggest burden for them. C. They are able to make a swift shift between languages. D. Speaking two languages affects their language acquisition. 【答案】18. D 19. A 20. C 21. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是为一篇说明文，介绍了麻省理工学院的心理学家约书亚·哈特肖恩通过研究发现学习语言规则和结构的关键时期可以持续到17或18岁左右，其他语言学家也发表了对这项研究的不同看法。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A crucial period for learning the rules and structure of a language lasts up to around age 17 or 18, say psychologist Joshua Hartshorne of MIT and his colleagues.”可知，麻省理工学院的心理学家约书亚·哈特肖恩和他的同事发现，学习语言规则和结构的关键时期可以持续到17或18岁左右，故D项正确。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hartshorne began by contacting friends on Facebook to take an online English grammar quiz”可知，哈特肖恩首先联系脸书上的朋友参加一个在线英语语法测试，也就是说他是通过社交媒体来收集数据的，故A项正确。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Different elements of grammar, such as using correct word order or subjects and verbs that agree with one another, might be learned at different rates, Barner says.”可知，大卫·巴纳说不同的语法元素，比如使用正确的词序或主谓一致，可能会以不同的速度被学习，故C项正确。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Interactions between tongues spoken by one person may slightly depress how much can be learned about both languages, even if bilingual communication still reaches high levels”可知，一个人说的两种语言之间的互动可能会略微降低他对两种语言的了解程度，即使双语交流仍然达到很高的水平，由此判断出，说两种语言会影响双语者的语言习得，故D项正确。 D Don’t put it off, do it now! Why do we spend so much time not doing the work we should do, or putting off small jobs that have piled up to create a big problem? Procrastinating, as putting things off like this is called, is in our character we have naturally since birth; we avoid dull or difficult jobs until it’s too late to do anything else. “We often put things off although we know it will make life more stressful,” says Dr. Steel, an authority on the science of motivation. “If these tasks were fun, we’d just do them now. We put off what is difficult or unpleasant, such as the paperwork that needs doing before leaving the office or cleaning the bits of your home that people can’t see. But the fact is, the less people procrastinate, the more money they have, the better relationships they have, and the healthier they are.” This is obvious when you look at the couples who don’t argue about whether anyone has cleaned the kitchen, and the people who simply go for a run instead of endlessly rescheduling it in their heads. Of course, there are the rest of us, who feel the small jobs piling up around us daily. “We’ve evolved to respond to the moment, and not to set our sights too far in an uncertain world,” Dr. Steel adds. “We are not set up to appreciate long-term rewards, whether it’s the benefit of a four-year degree, doing exercise or dieting. We usually feel the cost now and the reward comes much later.” According to Dr. Steel, we have two decision-making systems. They are the limbic, which is responsible for the short term, and the prefrontal cortex, which deals with the future. We bounce between long-term goals and short-term temptations, so we need goals that will translate our plans for the limbic system. Let’s take the example of students’ writing essays. They should set themselves targets and word counts per day. These are thus turned from seemingly endless tasks into something concrete with measured progress. Dr. Steel recommends such techniques, or “pre-commitments”, adding that leaving you a month before the “deadline” makes it more likely a task will be completed. The benefit is that you’ll avoid the embarrassment of not following up on something people are expecting you to do — telling everyone you are going to take up jogging makes you more likely to do so. Overcoming procrastination finally comes down to planning which, if you’re not careful, becomes procrastination in itself. But it is worth making sure you have everything in place. “Successful people don’t pretend they don’t procrastinate,” Dr. Steel says. “People who pretend they have willpower are less successful.” Instead, plan for procrastination: make your work environment a temple of productivity by cutting out what stops you paying your attention, so you can really focus on moving forward. 22. What does the author say about procrastination in Paragraph 1? A. It is caused by the technology in people’s life. B. It is more common when people have small jobs to do. C. It is something many people can’t avoid. D. It is an excuse people often use in public. 23. In paragraph 3, Dr. Steel believes that people who procrastinate should________. A. be aware that their problem is relatively small B. find out more about the way they make decisions C. attempt to overcome their natural tendencies D. take the advice of others in the same situation 24. Why does Dr. Steel recommend making “pre-commitments” in Paragraph 4? A. They are an effective way of impressing others. B. They allow people to achieve their aims sooner. C. They are an alternative to impossible goals. D. They make challenges feel more manageable. 25. The underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph intends to________. A. Warn the reader against spending too long getting organized. B. Remind the reader to take the time to focus properly on a task. C. Encourage the reader to develop plans effectively. D. Advise the reader to deal with complex tasks quickly. 【答案】22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了拖延时间的人应该努力克服自己这个毛病。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Procrastinating, as putting things off like this is called, is in our character we have naturally since birth; we avoid dull or difficult jobs until it’s too late to do anything else.(拖延，也就是所谓的将事情往后拖，是我们与生俱来的天性，我们会避免枯燥或者困难的工作，直到做其他事情都为时已晚。)”可知，拖延是我们与生俱来的天性，是很多人无法避免的。故选C。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中““We’ve evolved to respond to the moment, and not to set our sights too far in an uncertain world,” Dr. Steel adds. (斯蒂尔博士补充说:“我们已经进化到能够对当下做出反应，在一个不确定的世界里，我们不会把目光放得太远。”)”可知，Steel博士认为，我们已经进化到能够对当下做出反应，而不是把目光放得长远，这说明拖延是人们的天性，由此可以推断出，Steel博士认为那些拖延的人应该试图克服他们的天性，故选C。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Dr. Steel recommends such techniques, or “pre-commitments”, adding that leaving you a month before the “deadline” makes it more likely a task will be completed. The benefit is that you’ll avoid the embarrassment of not following up on something people are expecting you to do — telling everyone you are going to take up jogging makes you more likely to do so.(斯蒂尔博士推荐这样技巧，或者说是“预先承诺”，他补充说，在“最后期限”前留出一个月会让你更有可能完成一项任务。这样做的好处是，你可以避免因为没有跟进别人期望你做的事情而感到尴尬——比如说，告诉别人你要去慢跑，你会更有可能去慢跑。)”可推知，Steel博士在第四段提到“预先承诺”，是因为这让你留出时间来完成任务，即让你的挑战更加易于管理，故选D。 【25题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线句子“Overcoming procrastination finally comes down to planning, which, if you’re not careful, becomes procrastination in itself(克服拖延症最终归结为计划，如果你不小心，它本身就变成了拖延症。)”可知，克服拖延症就是要制定计划，下文“But it is worth making sure you have everything in place...Instead, plan for procrastination: make your work environment a temple of productivity by cutting out what stops you paying your attention, so you can really focus on moving forward.(但是确保一切就绪是值得的......相反，为拖延制定计划: 通过减少那些阻止你集中注意力的因素，让你的工作环境成为生产力的殿堂，这样你才能真正集中精力向前迈进。)”提到制定计划是值得的，但是在制定计划时，要克服一些分散你注意力的事情，由此可推知，划线句子“克服拖延症最终归结为计划，如果你不小心，它本身就变成了拖延症。”指的是虽然制定计划是值得的，但是在制定计划时要小心，克服那些分散你注意力的事，不要花太长时间去做计划，所以划线句子意在警告读者不要花太长时间去做计划，故选A。 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Your Musical Preference Gives Insights into How You Think A study out of Cambridge found that your musical preferences can give insights into how you think. The study focused on a particular theory of personality known as the Empathizing-Systemizing (E-S) Theory. ____26____ An empathizer likes to focus on and respond to the emotions of others, while a systemizer likes to analyze rules and patterns in the world. Cognitive style may seem like an unusual way to group people, but the researchers found that it worked well. “Although people’s music choices change over time, we’ve discovered a person’s empathy level and thinking style predict what kind of music they like,” said PhD student David Greenberg, the leader of the study, in a statement. ____27____ To study a somewhat unusual subject, they took a somewhat unique route: They gathered data through Facebook. Over 4,000 people participated through the myPersonality app by first taking a personality assessment. Later, they listened to and rated 50 musical pieces. For those who scored high on empathy, they tended to prefer soft rock, R&B country, and folk. ____28____ Further, they tended to enjoy music that had low energy, negative emotions, or emotional depth. From these characteristics, the researchers identified several songs that would be ideal for empathizers: “Hallelujah” by Jeff Buckley, “Come away with me” by Norah Jones, and “All of me” by Billie Holiday. ____29____ They favored intense music and disliked the soft and simple styles. Their music tended towards high energy, or positive emotions, and also featured a high degree of depth and complexity. From this, the researchers believed that “Concerto in C” by Antonio Vivaldi, “Etude Opus 65 No. 3” by Alexander Scriabin, and “Enter Sandman” by Metallica would be ideal songs for systemizers. ____30____ “A lot of money is put into algorithms (运算法则) to choose what music you may want to listen to, for example, on Spotify and Apple Music,” said Greenberg. “By knowing an individual’s thinking style, such services might in future be able to fine tune their music recommendations to an individual.” A. But they disliked more intense music like punk and heavy metal. B. These findings could prove useful, especially for the music industry. C. Meanwhile, those who scored high on systemizing were exactly opposite. D. Based on the findings, researchers recommend particular styles for different people. E. It divides people into groups according to whether they tend to empathize or systemize. F. He argued that musical preferences reflect clear characteristics such as age and personality. G. He argued people’s cognitive style can be a better predictor of what music they like than their personality. 【答案】26. E 27. G 28. A 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了剑桥大学的一项研究表明，人的音乐偏好能反映其思维模式，共情型偏爱柔和音乐，系统型偏爱复杂激烈的音乐，该发现可帮助音乐流媒体平台优化个性化推荐算法。 【26题详解】 前文“The study focused on a particular theory of personality known as the Empathizing-Systemizing (E-S) Theory. (这项研究的重点是一种特殊的人格理论，即共情-系统化(E-S)理论)”提到研究涉及的E-S理论，后文“An empathizer likes to focus on and respond to the emotions of others, while a systemizer likes to analyze rules and patterns in the world. (共情型人格倾向于关注和回应他人的情绪，而系统型人格则喜欢分析世界中的规则和模式)”详细说明两类人格对应的思维风格，此处需解释E-S理论中的分类方式，因此E项“It divides people into groups according to whether they tend to empathize or systemize. (它根据人们倾向于共情或系统化思维将人分组)”符合语境，承前启后，其中的It指代前文的the Empathizing-Systemizing Theory。故选E。 【27题详解】 前文““Although people’s music choices change over time, we’ve discovered a person’s empathy level and thinking style predict what kind of music they like,” said PhD student David Greenberg, the leader of the study, in a statement. (“尽管人们的音乐选择会随时间变化，但我们已经发现一个人的共情能力和思维方式可以预测他们喜欢的音乐类型，”该研究负责人、博士生David Greenberg在一份声明中表示)”提到David Greenberg的研究发现，说明E-S理论可用于预测音乐类型的偏好，此处需补充Greenberg的观点，因此G项“He argued people’s cognitive style can be a better predictor of what music they like than their personality. (他认为人们的认知风格比性格更能预测其音乐偏好)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的He指代前文的David Greenberg。故选G。 【28题详解】 前文“For those who scored high on empathy, they tended to prefer soft rock, R&B country, and folk. (研究发现，共情能力得分较高的人通常更喜欢轻柔摇滚、节奏蓝调乡村音乐和民谣)”指出高共情者偏好柔和风格，此处可能会补充其不喜欢的音乐类型，因此A项“But they disliked more intense music like punk and heavy metal. (但他们不喜欢朋克、重金属等激烈音乐)”符合语境，和前文构成转折。故选A。 【29题详解】 上一段描述高共情者的音乐偏好，后文“They favored intense music and disliked the soft and simple styles. Their music tended towards high energy, or positive emotions, and also featured a high degree of depth and complexity. (他们青睐强烈激昂的音乐，对柔和简约的曲风则兴趣索然。他们的音乐倾向于高能量，或积极的情绪，也具有高度的深度和复杂性)”详细描述系统型人格者的音乐偏好，此处需指出这类人群总的特点，因此C项“Meanwhile, those who scored high on systemizing were exactly opposite. (而系统化思维高分者的偏好完全相反)”符合语境，和上一段构成转折，统领后文内容。故选C。 【30题详解】 后文““A lot of money is put into algorithms (运算法则) to choose what music you may want to listen to, for example, on Spotify and Apple Music,” said Greenberg. “By knowing an individual’s thinking style, such services might in future be able to fine tune their music recommendations to an individual.” (Greenberg说：“很多钱被投入到算法中，用来选择你可能想听的音乐，比如在Spotify和Apple Music上。通过了解个人的思维方式，这些服务将来可能能够针对个人调整音乐推荐。”)”主要指出研究思维方式可以用于平台的音乐推荐优化，此处应总的说明研究价值，因此B项“These findings could prove useful, especially for the music industry. (这些发现可能对音乐产业特别有用)”符合语境，契合后文内容，其中的these findings指代前文的研究结论。故选B。 第IⅡ卷 四、根据语境拼写单词（本大题共11小题，共11分） 31. During the holiday season, our home always has a warm and festive ________. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】atmosphere 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：每逢佳节，我们家总有一种温馨喜庆的气氛。空处作has的宾语，结合“the holiday season”和“warm and festive”可推知，名词atmosphere“气氛”符合题意，表示“温馨喜庆的气氛”，且空前有不定冠词a，atmosphere应用单数形式。故填atmosphere。 32. My work s________ is filled with meetings, leaving no time for a quick coffee break. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】schedule##chedule 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我的工作日程排满了会议，没有时间快速喝杯咖啡休息一下。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词schedule“日程安排”，作主语，由is可知，应用名词单数形式。故填schedule。 33. Parents often struggle to balance their ________ (权威) with their children’s growing independence. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】authority 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：父母往往难以平衡自己的权威与孩子日益增长的独立性。形容词性物主代词their后接名词形式，在句中作宾语。名词“权威”英文为authority。故填authority。 34. Regular exercise is a ________ (必需品) for maintaining good health. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】necessity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：定期锻炼是保持健康的必需品。此处为名词作表语，根据汉语提示“必需品”可知，应为名词necessity，由不定冠词“a”可知，用单数形式。故填necessity。 35. Time management is a key ________ (策略) for academic success. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】strategy 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：时间管理是学业成功的一个关键策略。“策略”应用名词strategy，作表语，且空前有不定冠词a，strategy应用单数形式。故填strategy。 36. The school emphasizes strict ________ (纪律) to ensure students focus on their studies. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】discipline 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：学校强调严格的纪律，以确保学生专注于学习。根据汉语提示“纪律”，此处应填名词 discipline，作 emphasizes的宾语，discipline表示“纪律”时是不可数名词。故填discipline。 37. Electric cars have the ________ (潜力) to reduce carbon emissions significantly. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】potential 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：电动汽车有大幅减少碳排放的潜力。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填名词potential“潜力”，不可数，作宾语。故填potential。 38. The region’s economy relies heavily on ________ (农业的) production, especially rice and wheat. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】agricultural 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该地区的经济严重依赖农业生产，尤其是水稻和小麦。根据汉语提示 “农业的”，可知此处应填形容词 agricultural作定语。故填agricultural。 39. The school organized a science ________ (展览) where students demonstrated their inventions. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】exhibition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：学校组织了一场科学展览，学生们在展览上展示了他们的发明。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填名词exhibition“展览”，作宾语，根据不定冠词a提示可知，空处用该单词的单数形式。故填exhibition。 40. Please confirm the delivery ________ (目的地) before submitting your order. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】destination 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：提交订单之前请确认收货地址。根据句意及汉语提示词，表示“目的地”可使用英文单词destination，为可数名词，在句中作宾语，根据“submitting your order”可知destination表单数概念。故填destination。 41. He’s the most ________ (可靠的) friend I’ve ever had, because I can always depend on him. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】reliable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是我有过的最可靠的朋友，因为我总是能依靠他。此处为形容词作定语，修饰名词“friend”，根据汉语提示“可靠的”可知，应为形容词reliable。故填reliable。 五、选词填空：请根据语境选择词语，并用其恰当形式填空，每个词仅使用一次（本大题共8小题，共16分） 选词填空：请根据语境选择词语，并用其恰当形式填空，每个词仅使用一次 stretch, divide, novel, release, review. sink, contribute to, desert, contain, relate to 42. The doctor decided ________ the patient after confirming his full recovery. 43. The police worked hard to ________ the spread of misinformation during the crisis. 44. Cultural ________ sometimes causes misunderstandings between international colleagues. 45. As a doctor, she often ________ her patients’ fears and tries to comfort them. 46. The athlete warmed up by ________ his muscles, ensuring flexibility before the race. 47. The sailor survived for two months on a ________ island by fishing and collecting rainwater, completely cut off from the outside world. 48. The new restaurant has received mixed ________ with some customers praising the food while others complain about the slow service. 49. The teacher encouraged students to come up with ________ solutions rather than relying on old methods. 【答案】42. to release 43. contain 44. division 45. relates to 46. stretching 47. deserted 48. reviews 49. novel 【解析】 【42题详解】 考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：医生在确认病人完全康复后，决定让他出院。根据空后的“the patient after confirming his full recovery”可知，此处指医生决定释放病人，即允许出院，release意为“释放；放走”，decide to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式。故填to release。 【43题详解】 考查动词。句意：警方努力遏制危机期间虚假信息的传播。根据空后的“the spread of misinformation”可知，此处指遏制虚假信息的传播，contain意为“遏制；控制”，为动词，此处to为不定式符号，应用动词原形。故填contain。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：文化分歧有时会导致国际同事之间的误解。根据空后的“sometimes causes misunderstandings between international colleagues”可知，导致国际同事之间的误解的应该是文化分歧，所以，此处指文化上的分歧，使用divide的名词division意为“分歧；分裂”，此处应用单数形式表示抽象概念。故填division。 【45题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：作为一名医生，她经常理解病人的恐惧并努力安慰他们。根据空后的“her patients’ fears and tries to comfort them.”可知，此处指理解病人的恐惧，relate to意为“理解；认同”，为动词短语，结合often以及下文的tries可知，句子描述的是经常发生的事情，应用一般现在时，主语she为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填relates to。 【46题详解】 考查动词和非谓语动词。句意：运动员通过拉伸肌肉来热身，确保比赛前的灵活性。根据空后的“his muscles”可知，此处指拉伸肌肉，stretch意为“拉伸；伸展”，为动词，by为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填stretching。 【47题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这位水手在一个荒岛上靠捕鱼和收集雨水生存了两个月，完全与外界隔绝。根据空后的“completely cut off from the outside world.”可知，此处指荒岛，此处为desert的形容词deserted意为“荒芜的；被遗弃的”，作定语修饰名词island。故填deserted。 【48题详解】 考查名词。句意：这家新餐厅的评价褒贬不一，一些顾客称赞食物，而另一些则抱怨服务太慢。根据空后的“with some customers praising the food while others complain about the slow service”可知，此处指餐厅收到的评价，review意为“评价；评论”，为可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示多种评价。故填reviews。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：老师鼓励学生提出新颖的解决方案，而不是依赖旧方法。根据空后的“rather than relying on old methods”可知，此处指新颖的解决方案，novel意为“新颖的；新奇的”，为形容词，作定语修饰名词solutions。故填novel。 六、语法填空：阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。（本大题共10小题，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 In recent years, people living in Beijing have been enjoying clean air and blue sky. But before this miracle happened, Beijing ____50____ (suffer) under thick smog. Realizing the severe problem, governments began to fight fiercely against air pollution. Since then, coal plants have been phased out millions of trees have been planted, strict emission rules ____51____ (observe) and citizens have learned ____52____ (recycle) and choose green transport. 【答案】50. had suffered 51. have been observed 52. to recycle 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北京近年来空气质量的改善情况，提及此前曾遭受严重雾霾，以及政府和市民为对抗空气污染所采取的措施。 【50题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：但在这个奇迹发生之前，北京一直遭受着严重的雾霾。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“before this miracle happened”可知，“suffer”发生在“happened”之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时had suffered。故填had suffered。 【51题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：从那以后，煤电厂被逐步淘汰，数百万棵树被种植，严格的排放规则得到遵守，市民也学会了回收利用和选择绿色交通。此处为谓语动词，rules与observe为被动关系，且根据“Since then”以及前文的“have been phased out”和“have been planted”可知，用现在完成时，且observe与主语strict emission rules之间为为被动关系，且主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为have been observed。故填have been observed。 【52题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为固定搭配learn to do sth.，意为“学会做某事”，所以用动词不定式to recycle作宾语。故填to recycle。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 When ____53____ (ask) what she wanted from life, Gretchen Rubin realized it was happiness. Noting “The days are long, but the years are short,” she ____54____ (launch) a year-long project to discover ____55____ could increase her happiness. This involved testing theories and adopting specific habits across different life areas, documented month by month in her resulting bestseller The Happiness Project. The book blends humor, insight, and practical examples from her experiments. Rubin concluded that consistent, small daily changes ____56____ (significant) deepened her happiness. 【答案】53. asked 54. launched 55. what 56. significantly 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Gretchen Rubin探索并提升幸福感的过程与结论。 【53题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及她想要从生活中得到什么时，Gretchen Rubin意识到是幸福。当状语从句的主语和主语一致，且含有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。此处when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语she和be动词，动词ask与主语she之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词。故填asked。 【54题详解】 查时态。句意：她注意到“日子很长，但岁月很短”，于是她发起了一个为期一年的项目，以发现什么能增加她的幸福感。launch为句子的谓语动词，此处描述过去发生的事情，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填launched。 【55题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：她注意到“日子很长，但岁月很短”，于是她发起了一个为期一年的项目，以发现什么能增加她的幸福感。空处需用连接词引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，所以空处需用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。 【56题详解】 考查副词。句意：Rubin总结说，持续的、小的日常变化显著地加深了她的幸福感。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词deepened，significant的副词为significantly“显著地”。故填significantly。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Airchat will likely introduce more standout features in the future, yet several commentators argue the platform must first strengthen its content moderation approach. Currently, the system relies heavily on users: they’re expected to monitor posts themselves and delete rule-breaking content ____57____ (use) built-in tools. Airchat staff only deal with severe cases, banning offenders. While this method works at smaller scales, it presents challenges for larger communities. As user numbers grow, it may not be sufficient to keep a large user base ____58____ control. Consequently, improving moderation infrastructure appears essential before rolling out new functionalities ____59____ could further expand its audience. 【答案】57. using 58. under 59. that##which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要指出Airchat当前依赖用户自主审核内容，该模式仅适用于小规模群体，随着用户增长，平台须优先改进审核体系，才能安全地推出新功能。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：目前该系统高度依赖用户：他们被期望使用内置工具自行监控帖子并删除违规内容。句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语，use“使用”和they逻辑上是主动关系，因此用use的现在分词形式，作方式状语。故填using。 【58题详解】 考查介词。句意：随着用户数量的增长，这可能不足以控制庞大的用户群。keep… under control是固定短语，意为“使……处于控制之下，控制住”。故填under。 【59题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：因此，在推出可能进一步扩大用户规模的新功能之前，完善审核基础设施显得至关重要。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词functionalities，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。 七、补全句子：请根据括号中所给中文提示填空，注意使用恰当形式（本大题共4小题，共16分） 60. 制定一个预算并坚持执行它，有助于你在日常生活中减少开支。 ________________________ can help you ________________ in your daily life. 【答案】 ①. Making a budget and sticking to it ②. reduce expenses 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词及动词短语。根据汉语提示可知，第一空需要补全 “制定一个预算并坚持执行它”，“制定一个预算”译为make a budget，“坚持执行它”译为stick to it，两个动作并列作主语，需用动名词形式，即Making a budget and sticking to it；第二空需要补全“减少开支”，“help sb. do sth.”为固定用法，“减少开支”译为reduce expenses。故填①Making a budget and sticking to it②reduce expenses。 61. 虽然数字设备点亮了我们的生活，但为了我们的整体健康幸福，最好还是适度使用它们。 While ________________, it is best ________________ for our overall well-being. 【答案】 ①. digital devices light up our lives ②. to use them moderately 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、副词及不定式。根据汉语提示可知，第一空需要补全“数字设备点亮了我们的生活”，“数字设备”译为digital devices，“点亮我们的生活”可译为light up our lives，此处为While引导的让步状语从句，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态；第二空需要补全“适度使用它们”，“it is best to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为 “最好做某事”，“适度使用它们”译为use them moderately。故填①digital devices light up our lives②to use them moderately。 62. 通过这次活动，你将了解到一些曾为社会做出卓越贡献的令人钦佩的人物，尤其是他们如何用勇气和智慧克服巨大挑战。 From this event, you’ll learn about some ________________________, especially how ________________________. 【答案】 ①. admirable people who have made outstanding contributions to society ②. they overcame great challenges with courage and wisdom。 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词及从句。根据汉语提示可知，第一空需要补全 “曾为社会做出卓越贡献的令人钦佩的人物”，“令人钦佩的”用 admirable，“一些人”用some people，此处用定语从句修饰先行词some people，关系代词用who，在从句中作主语。“为社会做出卓越贡献”可译为make outstanding contributions to society，句子陈述过去的事实对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时态，从句主语who指代some people，所以助动词用have；第二空需要补全“他们如何用勇气和智慧克服巨大挑战”，“用勇气和智慧”用 with courage and wisdom，在从句中作状语，主语为they，“克服巨大挑战”译为overcome great challenges，从句陈述过去事实，所以用一般过去时态。故填①admirable people who have made outstanding contributions to society②they overcame great challenges with courage and wisdom。 63. 在短途出行时使用共享自行车是一种既经济又便捷的方式，能让人过上低碳生活并在城市中享受运动带来的益处。 ________________________ is a cheap and easy way ________________________. 【答案】 ①. Using shared bikes for short trips ②. to live a low-carbon life and enjoy the benefits of exercise in the city 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。“使用共享自行车”翻译为use shared bikes；“短途出行”翻译为for short trips；“一种……的方式”常用表达为a way to do sth.；“过上低碳生活”翻译为live a low-carbon life；“享受运动带来的益处翻译为enjoy the benefits of exercise；“在城市中”用短语in the city”。故答案为Using shared bikes for short trips; to live a low-carbon life and enjoy the benefits of exercise in the city。 八、书面表达（共两节，27分） 第一节（共3小题；第84、85题各2分，第86题3分，共7分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 The Power of Determination Your quest for success and happiness begins with right intentions. It culminates (达到顶点) when you reach your chosen goals. What sustains your effort in between is your determination. What carries you towards your goals is your determination. It means the firmness of purpose or intention. If there is one gift that you can give to yourself in your life to be what you want to be, it is the power of determination. Without it you are a mere passive spectator in the drama of your life. If there is one quality that makes a difference between a winner and a loser or a leader and a follower, it is the power of determination. Without it, you may dream wild dreams, but you will not accomplish much in life. If you have determination, nothing can stop you and deter you from following your course of action to achieve your goals or realize your dreams. Obstacles may arise and obstruct your progress. They may delay your success, disturb you temporarily, and may even mislead you, but they cannot withstand the power of determination. It is the power that you generate within yourself to remain committed to your path and beliefs, and march towards your cherished goals. Before you take up any project or goal, you should know whether you have the determination to stick to your plans and reach your goals. Your determination has to arise from within and obtain its reinforcement from your thinking and beliefs rather than circumstances. Only then will you be able to sustain your effort, even when the going gets tough. Determination is your inner strength. Like the hardwood inside a tree, it gives you the power to stand tall and face the strong winds. With determination, you can remove the mountains of fear and doubts in you. You can find your way through the most difficult situations. Determination does not mean you will be insensitive to the reality of the situation. A determined person is also an adaptable and flexible person. He is not interested in being tough for toughness sake, but to overcome obstacles and reach his goals. Hence, he remains open-minded about possibilities and opportunities, but firm in his commitment and convictions. Self-control and determination go together. If you have them, you become unstoppable. 64. According to the passage, what is determination? _____________________________________________________ 65. What will happen if one does not have determination? _____________________________________________________ 66. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. With determination, you can remove the mountains of fear and doubts in you, and you will not make changes. _____________________________________________________ 【答案】64. Determination means the firmness of purpose or intention. 65. Without determination one might be a mere passive spectator in the drama of their life.或Without determination, one may dream wild dreams, but he/she will not accomplish much in life. 66. With determination, you can crush the mountains of fear and doubts in you, and you will not make changes. According to the passage, determination does not mean you will be insensitive to the reality of the situation. A determined person is also an adaptable and flexible person. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是决心的力量。 【64题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“What sustains your effort in between is your determination. What carries you towards your goals is your determination. It means the firmness of purpose or intention.(在这中间支撑你努力的是你的决心。带你走向目标的是你的决心。它意味着目的或意图的坚定。)”可知，决心意味着目的或意图的坚定，故答案为Determination means the firmness of purpose or intention. 【65题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Without it you are a mere passive spectator in the drama of your life.(没有它，你只是生活戏剧中的一个被动的旁观者。)”和“Without it, you may dream wild dreams, but you will not accomplish much in life.(没有它，你可能会做一些疯狂的梦，但你不会在生活中取得多少成就。)”可知，没有决心，一个人可能只是生活戏剧中的一个被动的旁观者或者一个人可能会有疯狂的梦想，但这些梦想在生活中不会有多大成就。故答案为Without determination one might be a mere passive spectator in the drama of their life./Without determination, one may dream wild dreams, but he/she will not accomplish much in life. 【66题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Determination does not mean you will be insensitive to the reality of the situation. A determined person is also an adaptable and flexible person. (决心并不意味着你对现实情况不敏感。一个有决心的人也是一个适应性强、灵活的人。)”，因此错误的部分是“you will not make changes”，因为决心并不意味着你对现实情况不敏感，一个意志坚定的人也是一个适应能力强、灵活多变的人。故答案为With determination, you can crush the mountains of fear and doubts in you, and you will not make changes. According to the passage, determination does not mean you will be insensitive to the reality of the situation. A determined person is also an adaptable and flexible person. 第二节（20分） 67. 你的英国朋友Jim最近开始学习中文，感觉有些难，来信希望你能给他一些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1. 表示理解；2. 你的建议； Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jim, I’m very happy to hear that you are learning Chinese. And I really understand that you are finding Chinese quite challenging to learn. It’s okay for beginners to meet some troubles. Here are some advice I’d like to give you. First, I suggest you focus on mastering the basics, such as pinyin and commonly used phrases. This will help you build a strong foundation for further learning. Another suggestion is to immerse yourself in the language as much as possible. Watch Chinese movies or TV shows, listen to Chinese music, and try to communicate with native speakers. This will not only improve your listening and speaking skills but also give you a better understanding of Chinese culture. Remember, learning a new language takes time and effort. I wish you all the best in your Chinese learning journey. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国朋友Jim回信，针对他学习中文觉得困难这一情况，表示理解并给出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：happy→glad 掌握：master→grasp 基础：foundation→basis 提高：improve→enhance 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I’m very happy to hear that you are learning Chinese. 拓展句：Hearing that you are learning Chinese, I’m very happy. 【点睛】【高分句型1】And I really understand that you are finding Chinese quite challenging to learn.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】This will not only improve your listening and speaking skills but also give you a better understanding of Chinese culture.（运用了“not only…but also…”连接两个并列结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京师大附中2024-2025学年（下）高一期末考试 英语试卷 考生须知 1. 本试卷有八道大题，共16页。考试时长120分钟，满分150分。 2. 考生务必将答案填写在机读卡和答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 3. 考试结束后，考生应将机读卡和答题纸交回。 第Ⅰ卷 一、听力（本大题共20小题，共20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1 What will the woman do this evening? A. Have dinner with Mike. B. Go out with her parents. C. Stay at home with her brother. 2. How will the man help the woman? A. By writing invitations. B. By preparing dinner. C. By going shopping. 3. What day is it today? A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday. 4. What is next to the oldest building in town? A. City Hall. B. The police station. C. The post office. 5. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To take out insurance. B. To describe his illness. C. To make an appointment. 第二节 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a hotel. B. In the man’s office. C. In a post office. 7. What will the man do next? A. Post some papers. B. Find a fax machine. C. Go downstairs. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. How will the woman go to San Diego from Los Angeles? A. By bus. B. By plane. C. By train. 9 Why will the woman go to California? A. To study in a university. B. To see her sister. C. To visit the man. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where did the man most probably lose his phone? A. On the underground. B. In a restaurant. C. In a bank. 11. What will the man do before five o’clock? A Meet the woman. B. Buy a new phone. C. Make a call to the woman 12. How does the man fee in the end? A. Surprised. B. Doubtful. C. Grateful. 听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。 13. Who is the speaker? A. An English teacher. B. A university student. C. A news reporter. 14. What does the speaker suggest? A. Practicing listening more after class. B. Trying to understand every word when listening. C. Listening to pop songs without reading the words. 15. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to improve English listening. B. How to understand teachers better. C. How to find interesting materials. 第三节 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题，每空只需填写一个词。听独白前，你有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你有90秒钟的作答时间。本段独白你将听两遍。 Courses at Highbury College Courses An English________course dealing with 20th-century writers and ________. A course about 18h-century________ A course in Modern Architecture Time From 9:00 a. m. to 3:00 p. m. No classes ou________ Price $ 425 including all meals, full use of the library, ________ activities and all books 二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共15分） “I Got Him!” It was the homecoming parade in Rockwall, Texas, and cheerleader Tyra Winters in her uniform, was riding atop one of the school’s floats (花车). As it slowly made its way down the street, the 17-year-old enthusiastically ____1____ at the crowd, all the while absorbed in the music, laughter, and applause. All of a sudden, a horrible ____2____ came. Looking down, Winters saw a two-year-old on the sidewalk breathing for air with great difficulty, his mother ____3____ for help in panic. The boy had been eating a piece of candy when it ____4____ down the back of his mouth, getting stuck in his throat and blocking his windpipe. “There was no coughing; there was no ____5____,” his mother, Nicole cried. No one seemed to know how to help. Except for Winters. With dreams of becoming a surgeon, she had learned first aid. Knowing that every second ____6____, she jumped off the moving float and ran to the child. By the time she got to the boy, his face had turned purple. “I got him!” she yelled to Nicole as she ____7____ the boy from her. Winters positioned him against her and gave a good three back slaps (拍打). Soon, the boy coughed up the piece of ____8____, and began breathing again. Without another word, Winters handed the boy back to his mother and hurried back to her float before it could leave her behind. It all happened so ____9____, Nicole never had time to thank the teen. Winters’ heroic actions left Nicole ____10____. “I don’t really have any words. “ she said, “Thank you doesn’t seem good enough.” 1. A. stared B. shouted C. waved D. laughed 2. A. scream B. music C. ring D. whisper 3. A. preparing B. waiting C. applying D. begging 4. A. jumped B. fell C. slid D. ran 5. A. speaking B. breathing C. crying D. laughing 6. A. continued B. faded C. counted D. approached 7. A. moved B. grabbed C. separated D. drew 8. A. blood B. nut C. biscuit D. candy 9. A. quietly B. quickly C. obviously D. gradually 10. A. speechless B. doubtless C. fearless D. breathless 三、阅读理解（本大题共20. 小题，共30分） 第一节 A If you’re looking to buy a gift for your children, why not keep up with the trend and get the best hoverboard? What is a Hoverboard? A hoverboard is a two-wheeled personal transportation device. It’s electrical portable and became highly popular in 2015. Typically, this self-balancing device operates like a powered skateboard. How Does a Hoverboard Work? The device may have many designs, but the mechanism itself isn’t complicated. Basically, a standard hoverboard contains: •Battery: stores the electrical power. Almost all hoverboards use a high-watt lithium-ion battery. •Gyroscope (one for each wheel): allows riders to tilt (倾斜) the hoverboard while maintaining balance and adjusting their direction. •Motor (one in each wheel): provides the power to the wheels to keep the rider balanced and upright. •Logic board: functions as the hoverboard brain. It processes data—your speed, tilt, etc.—and sends information to the motors. This unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust their speed. All the above components work together to control the power and tilt of the hoverboards so the rider is balanced, upright and moving at a controlled speed. Why Buy a Hoverboard? Undoubtedly, hoverboards are cool. You’ve probably seen kids riding one around the house. They’re a phenomenon and everybody wants in. So, why deny your kids and prevent them from being part of this trend? Where is a hoverboard legal? Despite their wild popularity, hoverboards have yet to become “street-legal”. Currently, some places prohibit anyone under 16 from using these devices, and hoverboards are banned in academic institutions and public places, like campus buildings, parks, shopping malls and subway stations. Some places have also put speed limits on the devices and restricted their use to bike paths. However, open areas—including your yard—are free of these restrictions. 11. The logic board of a hoverboard can ______. A. store electricity B. power the wheels C. send information to the riders D. receive data and give command 12. According to the passage, you can see a hoverboard can be used ______. A on campus B. in parks C. on bike paths D. in shopping malls 13. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To evaluate a gift’s quality. B. To suggest a gift option. C. To compare new hoverboard models. D. To explain functions of the latest hoverboards. B Open water swimming I had only swum in open water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, so I wasn’t prepared for how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day. A swimmer told me the water felt colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge. Most of the people taking part were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners — which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race. I had chosen the third one-mile race of the day. There were over 600 people in my race. We were taken through a preparation area, a children’s paddling pool-sized part of the lake where we moved in to feel how cold the water was. “Not too bad” was everyone’s thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake. We’d been warned that the first 100 meters would be really rough. However, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm; it felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and technique, and just keep going. As I approached the 400m-to-go mark my lower right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful. I didn’t want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg. Finally, I saw the finishing post, and I just concentrated on getting there — still one-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didn’t matter — the atmosphere was fantastic and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time. I’m attracted and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next open-water swim. 14. How did the author feel before the race? A. Scared of the most challenging race. B. Disappointed by the difficult conditions. C. Determined to be as tough as the people around her. D. Concerned about the other swimmers in the race. 15. Why does the author mention the two people in Paragraph 2? A. To stress the importance of the race. B. To praise the experienced swimmers. C. To introduce the various events of the race. D. To show the wide range of the participants. 16. The author suggests in Paragraph 4 that ________. A. the race would cause breathing problems B. the race became harder than she had expected C. it would have been easier if she had taken others’ advice D. it was really necessary to prepare for tough swims 17. What does the author talk about in the last paragraph? A. Her confidence in her own ability. B. Her pride in having swum so quickly. C. Her surprise at having managed to finish. D. Her eagerness to repeat the experience. C A crucial period for learning the rules and structure of a language lasts up to around age 17 or 18, say psychologist Joshua Hartshorne of MIT and his colleagues. Previous research had suggested that grammar-learning ability developed in early childhood before hitting a dead end around age 5. However, Hartshorne’s team reports online in Cognition that people who started learning English as a second language in an English-speaking country by age 10 to 12 ultimately mastered the new tongue as well as folks who had learned English and another language at the same time from birth. Both groups, however, fell somewhat short of the grammatical fluency displayed by English-only speakers. After ages 10 to 12, new-to-English learners reached lower levels of fluency than those who started learning English at younger ages because time ran out when their grammar-absorbing ability fell starting around age 17. Aiming for a sample of tens of thousands of volunteers, Hartshorne began by contacting friends on Facebook to take an online English grammar quiz, which used a person’s responses to guess his or her native language and dialect (方言) of English. Then volunteers filled out a questionnaire asking where they had lived, languages they had spoken from birth, the age at which they began learning English and the number of years they had lived in an English-speaking country. In the end, the researchers analyzed responses of 669,498 native and nonnative English speakers. Statistical calculations focused on estimating at what ages people with varying amounts of experience peaking English reached peak grammar ability. Researchers who study language learning regard the new study as fascinating, but exploratory. According to psycholinguist David Barner of the University of California, San Diego, Hartshorne’s team can’t yet say that language skill develops along a single timeline. Different elements of grammar, such as using correct word order or subjects and verbs that agree with one another, might be learned at different rates, Barner says. It’s also unclear whether the responses of volunteers to an online, 132-item grammar test reflect how well of poorly they actually speak English, he says. What’s more, language learning involves more than a crucial period for acquiring grammar, cautions linguist David Birdsong of the University of Texas at Austin. For instance, growing up speaking two languages at once puts still poorly understood burdens on the ability to grasp grammar, he says. In the new study, people who were bilinguals from birth fell short of peak English grammar scores achieved by English-only speakers. That’s consistent with evidence that bilinguals cannot easily turn off one language while speaking another, Birdsong says. Interactions between tongues spoken by one person may slightly depress how much can be learned about both languages, even if bilingual communication still reaches high levels, he suggests. 18 Hartshorne and his colleagues found that____ . A. one reaches a higher level of fluency at age 10 B. one learns a second language fastest at about age 12 C. one gets a good grasp of English grammar before age 5 D. one’s ability to master grammar declines at around age17 19. Hartshorne collected data through ______. A. social media B. experiments in the lab C. literature review D. face-to-face interviews 20. David Barner believes that ______. A. language skill develops along a single timeline B. online volunteers do not cover a wide enough range C. different grammar items may be acquired at different paces D. the quiz in the new study does not include enough questions 21. What can we know about bilinguals from the last two paragraphs? A. They can achieve a perfect grammar score. B. Grammar learning is the biggest burden for them. C. They are able to make a swift shift between languages. D. Speaking two languages affects their language acquisition. D Don’t put it off, do it now! Why do we spend so much time not doing the work we should do, or putting off small jobs that have piled up to create a big problem? Procrastinating, as putting things off like this is called, is in our character we have naturally since birth; we avoid dull or difficult jobs until it’s too late to do anything else. “We often put things off although we know it will make life more stressful,” says Dr. Steel, an authority on the science of motivation. “If these tasks were fun, we’d just do them now. We put off what is difficult or unpleasant, such as the paperwork that needs doing before leaving the office or cleaning the bits of your home that people can’t see. But the fact is, the less people procrastinate, the more money they have, the better relationships they have, and the healthier they are.” This is obvious when you look at the couples who don’t argue about whether anyone has cleaned the kitchen, and the people who simply go for a run instead of endlessly rescheduling it in their heads. Of course, there are the rest of us, who feel the small jobs piling up around us daily. “We’ve evolved to respond to the moment, and not to set our sights too far in an uncertain world,” Dr. Steel adds. “We are not set up to appreciate long-term rewards, whether it’s the benefit of a four-year degree, doing exercise or dieting. We usually feel the cost now and the reward comes much later.” According to Dr. Steel, we have two decision-making systems. They are the limbic, which is responsible for the short term, and the prefrontal cortex, which deals with the future. We bounce between long-term goals and short-term temptations, so we need goals that will translate our plans for the limbic system. Let’s take the example of students’ writing essays. They should set themselves targets and word counts per day. These are thus turned from seemingly endless tasks into something concrete with measured progress. Dr. Steel recommends such techniques, or “pre-commitments”, adding that leaving you a month before the “deadline” makes it more likely a task will be completed. The benefit is that you’ll avoid the embarrassment of not following up on something people are expecting you to do — telling everyone you are going to take up jogging makes you more likely to do so. Overcoming procrastination finally comes down to planning, which, if you’re not careful, becomes procrastination in itself. But it is worth making sure you have everything in place. “Successful people don’t pretend they don’t procrastinate,” Dr. Steel says. “People who pretend they have willpower are less successful.” Instead, plan for procrastination: make your work environment a temple of productivity by cutting out what stops you paying your attention, so you can really focus on moving forward. 22. What does the author say about procrastination in Paragraph 1? A. It is caused by the technology in people’s life. B. It is more common when people have small jobs to do. C. It is something many people can’t avoid. D. It is an excuse people often use in public. 23. In paragraph 3, Dr. Steel believes that people who procrastinate should________. A. be aware that their problem is relatively small B. find out more about the way they make decisions C. attempt to overcome their natural tendencies D. take the advice of others in the same situation 24. Why does Dr. Steel recommend making “pre-commitments” in Paragraph 4? A. They are an effective way of impressing others. B. They allow people to achieve their aims sooner. C. They are an alternative to impossible goals. D. They make challenges feel more manageable. 25. The underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph intends to________. A. Warn the reader against spending too long getting organized. B. Remind the reader to take the time to focus properly on a task. C. Encourage the reader to develop plans effectively. D. Advise the reader to deal with complex tasks quickly. 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Your Musical Preference Gives Insights into How You Think A study out of Cambridge found that your musical preferences can give insights into how you think. The study focused on a particular theory of personality known as the Empathizing-Systemizing (E-S) Theory. ____26____ An empathizer likes to focus on and respond to the emotions of others, while a systemizer likes to analyze rules and patterns in the world. Cognitive style may seem like an unusual way to group people, but the researchers found that it worked well. “Although people’s music choices change over time, we’ve discovered a person’s empathy level and thinking style predict what kind of music they like,” said PhD student David Greenberg, the leader of the study, in a statement. ____27____ To study a somewhat unusual subject, they took a somewhat unique route: They gathered data through Facebook. Over 4,000 people participated through the myPersonality app by first taking a personality assessment. Later, they listened to and rated 50 musical pieces. For those who scored high on empathy, they tended to prefer soft rock, R&B country, and folk. ____28____ Further, they tended to enjoy music that had low energy, negative emotions, or emotional depth. From these characteristics, the researchers identified several songs that would be ideal for empathizers: “Hallelujah” by Jeff Buckley, “Come away with me” by Norah Jones, and “All of me” by Billie Holiday. ____29____ They favored intense music and disliked the soft and simple styles. Their music tended towards high energy, or positive emotions, and also featured a high degree of depth and complexity. From this, the researchers believed that “Concerto in C” by Antonio Vivaldi, “Etude Opus 65 No. 3” by Alexander Scriabin, and “Enter Sandman” by Metallica would be ideal songs for systemizers. ____30____ “A lot of money is put into algorithms (运算法则) to choose what music you may want to listen to, for example, on Spotify and Apple Music,” said Greenberg. “By knowing an individual’s thinking style, such services might in future be able to fine tune their music recommendations to an individual.” A. But they disliked more intense music like punk and heavy metal. B. These findings could prove useful, especially for the music industry. C. Meanwhile, those who scored high on systemizing were exactly opposite. D. Based on the findings, researchers recommend particular styles for different people. E. It divides people into groups according to whether they tend to empathize or systemize. F. He argued that musical preferences reflect clear characteristics such as age and personality. G. He argued people’s cognitive style can be a better predictor of what music they like than their personality. 第IⅡ卷 四、根据语境拼写单词（本大题共11小题，共11分） 31. During the holiday season, our home always has a warm and festive ________. (根据句意单词拼写) 32. My work s________ is filled with meetings, leaving no time for a quick coffee break. （根据首字母单词拼写） 33. Parents often struggle to balance their ________ (权威) with their children’s growing independence. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 34. Regular exercise is a ________ (必需品) for maintaining good health. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 35. Time management is a key ________ (策略) for academic success. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 36. The school emphasizes strict ________ (纪律) to ensure students focus on their studies. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 37. Electric cars have the ________ (潜力) to reduce carbon emissions significantly. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 38. The region’s economy relies heavily on ________ (农业的) production, especially rice and wheat. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 39. The school organized a science ________ (展览) where students demonstrated their inventions. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 40. Please confirm the delivery ________ (目的地) before submitting your order. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 41. He’s the most ________ (可靠的) friend I’ve ever had, because I can always depend on him. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 五、选词填空：请根据语境选择词语，并用其恰当形式填空，每个词仅使用一次（本大题共8小题，共16分） 选词填空：请根据语境选择词语，并用其恰当形式填空，每个词仅使用一次 stretch, divide, novel, release, review. sink, contribute to, desert, contain, relate to 42. The doctor decided ________ the patient after confirming his full recovery. 43. The police worked hard to ________ the spread of misinformation during the crisis. 44. Cultural ________ sometimes causes misunderstandings between international colleagues. 45. As a doctor, she often ________ her patients’ fears and tries to comfort them. 46. The athlete warmed up by ________ his muscles ensuring flexibility before the race. 47. The sailor survived for two months on a ________ island by fishing and collecting rainwater, completely cut off from the outside world. 48. The new restaurant has received mixed ________ with some customers praising the food while others complain about the slow service. 49. The teacher encouraged students to come up with ________ solutions rather than relying on old methods. 六、语法填空：阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。（本大题共10小题，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 In recent years, people living in Beijing have been enjoying clean air and blue sky. But before this miracle happened, Beijing ____50____ (suffer) under thick smog. Realizing the severe problem, governments began to fight fiercely against air pollution. Since then, coal plants have been phased out millions of trees have been planted, strict emission rules ____51____ (observe) and citizens have learned ____52____ (recycle) and choose green transport. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 When ____53____ (ask) what she wanted from life, Gretchen Rubin realized it was happiness. Noting “The days are long, but the years are short,” she ____54____ (launch) a year-long project to discover ____55____ could increase her happiness. This involved testing theories and adopting specific habits across different life areas, documented month by month in her resulting bestseller The Happiness Project. The book blends humor, insight, and practical examples from her experiments. Rubin concluded that consistent, small daily changes ____56____ (significant) deepened her happiness. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Airchat will likely introduce more standout features in the future, yet several commentators argue the platform must first strengthen its content moderation approach. Currently, the system relies heavily on users: they’re expected to monitor posts themselves and delete rule-breaking content ____57____ (use) built-in tools. Airchat staff only deal with severe cases, banning offenders. While this method works at smaller scales, it presents challenges for larger communities. As user numbers grow, it may not be sufficient to keep a large user base ____58____ control. Consequently, improving moderation infrastructure appears essential before rolling out new functionalities ____59____ could further expand its audience. 七、补全句子：请根据括号中所给中文提示填空，注意使用恰当形式（本大题共4小题，共16分） 60. 制定一个预算并坚持执行它，有助于你在日常生活中减少开支。 ________________________ can help you ________________ in your daily life. 61. 虽然数字设备点亮了我们的生活，但为了我们的整体健康幸福，最好还是适度使用它们。 While ________________, it is best ________________ for our overall well-being. 62. 通过这次活动，你将了解到一些曾为社会做出卓越贡献的令人钦佩的人物，尤其是他们如何用勇气和智慧克服巨大挑战。 From this event, you’ll learn about some ________________________, especially how ________________________. 63. 在短途出行时使用共享自行车是一种既经济又便捷的方式，能让人过上低碳生活并在城市中享受运动带来的益处。 ________________________ is a cheap and easy way ________________________. 八、书面表达（共两节，27分） 第一节（共3小题；第84、85题各2分，第86题3分，共7分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 The Power of Determination Your quest for success and happiness begins with right intentions. It culminates (达到顶点) when you reach your chosen goals. What sustains your effort in between is your determination. What carries you towards your goals is your determination. It means the firmness of purpose or intention. If there is one gift that you can give to yourself in your life to be what you want to be, it is the power of determination. Without it you are a mere passive spectator in the drama of your life. If there is one quality that makes a difference between a winner and a loser or a leader and a follower, it is the power of determination. Without it, you may dream wild dreams, but you will not accomplish much in life. If you have determination, nothing can stop you and deter you from following your course of action to achieve your goals or realize your dreams. Obstacles may arise and obstruct your progress. They may delay your success, disturb you temporarily, and may even mislead you, but they cannot withstand the power of determination. It is the power that you generate within yourself to remain committed to your path and beliefs, and march towards your cherished goals. Before you take up any project or goal, you should know whether you have the determination to stick to your plans and reach your goals. Your determination has to arise from within and obtain its reinforcement from your thinking and beliefs rather than circumstances. Only then will you be able to sustain your effort, even when the going gets tough. Determination is your inner strength. Like the hardwood inside a tree, it gives you the power to stand tall and face the strong winds. With determination, you can remove the mountains of fear and doubts in you. You can find your way through the most difficult situations. Determination does not mean you will be insensitive to the reality of the situation. A determined person is also an adaptable and flexible person. He is not interested in being tough for toughness sake, but to overcome obstacles and reach his goals. Hence, he remains open-minded about possibilities and opportunities, but firm in his commitment and convictions. Self-control and determination go together. If you have them, you become unstoppable. 64. According to the passage, what is determination? _____________________________________________________ 65. What will happen if one does not have determination? _____________________________________________________ 66. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. With determination, you can remove the mountains of fear and doubts in you, and you will not make changes. _____________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 67. 你的英国朋友Jim最近开始学习中文，感觉有些难，来信希望你能给他一些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1. 表示理解；2. 你的建议； Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$