专题2 介词短语要点归纳（讲义）-黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习《英语知识点清单》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》（2020年版）及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇的语言知识清单，第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习《词汇知识点清单》中词汇知识清单的第2个专题，内容为介词短语和非谓语动词固定搭配。 黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习 英语词汇知识清单 专题2 介词短语和非谓语动词固定搭配（讲+练）【考点解读】 近三年真题显示，介词短语和非谓语动词固定搭配是考试常出现的内容。例如2024年考查Because of 、At the end of 、Instead of和On behalf of 的区别，due to 、thanks to 、result in 和 result from 的区别。非谓语动词也常常是考固定用法，例如2024年考查 stop to cry和 stop crying 的用法区别。复习时，要熟练掌握固定用法，用习题巩固，以便考试时取得好成绩。 【知识点清单一】介词短语 一、介词短语概述 项目 说明 例句 构成 介词短语是由介词加上名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句构成。 in the room（在房间里），with me和我一起 about what he said（关于他所说的）。 句法功能 介词不能独立在句中作成分，需与名词、代词或动名词构成介词短语，在句中可作以下成分 作状语 On that day everyone eats mooncakes.（在那一天大家都吃月饼，表时间） You can wait for me at the school gate.（你可以在学校门口等我，表地点） 作表语 A few apples remain on the tree.（树上还留有几个苹果） Is it in your handbag?（它在你的手提包里吗？） 作补足语 They must keep their hands behind their backs.（他们必须把手放在背后） When I woke up, I found myself in a strange place.（醒来后我发现自己在一个陌生的地方） 作定语 The cup on the table is my father's.（桌子上的杯子是我父亲的） Who is the man in the middle?（中间那位男士是谁？） 二、介词短语的固定搭配​ 介词+名词 短语 at+名词 at the age of 在…… 岁时​ at a loss 不知所措​ at dinner 在吃晚餐​ at peace 处于和平状态​ at war 在战争中​ at work 在工作​ at the sight of 看到…… 时 in+名词 in addition (to) 另外；除了​ in case of 万一 in charge of 负责；主管​ in favor of 赞成；支持 in need of 需要 in return for 作为回报 in high spirits 情绪高昂​ in no time 立即​ in a hurry 匆忙​ in need 处于困难中​ in surprise 吃惊地​ in order 整齐；井然有序​ in trouble 在困难中 in preparation for 为…… 做准备 in use 使用中​ ​ by+名词 by accident 偶然地 by chance 偶然地 by force 用暴力​ by hand 手工地​ by the month 按月算 by mistake 错误地​ beyond+名词 beyond comparison 无与伦比​ beyond control 失控​ beyond doubt 毋庸置疑​ beyond description 难以描述​​ beyond expression 难以表达 beyond (one's) reach 够不到​ on + 名词​ on a trip 在旅行​ on business 出差​ on display/show 在展出​ on duty 在值班 on behalf of 代表​ on holiday/vacation 在度假​ on sale 在出售 on the way 在途中​ out of +名词​ out of balance 失去平衡​ out of control 失去控制​ out of danger 脱离危险 out of date 过期 out of order 出故障 out of work 失业​ under +名词 under consideration 在考虑中​ under construction 在建造中​ under control 在控制之下 under discussion 在讨论中 under pressure 在压力下​ under repair 在修理中 【即时训练】 1.He started to learn English ______ the age of 10. A. in B. on C. at D. for​ 2.______ case of fire, call 119 at once. A. In B. On C. At D. For​ 3.I met an old friend of mine ______ accident yesterday. A. in B. on C. by D. for​ 4.The beauty of the place is ______ description. A. in B. on C. beyond D. for​ 5.He is ______ business in Shanghai now. A. in B. on C. at D. for​ 6.The machine is ______ order. We need to repair it. A. in B. on C. out of D. for​ 7.The bridge is ______ construction. It will be finished next year. A. in B. on C. under D. for​ 三、介词与其他词类的搭配​ 介词+？词 示例 动词+介词 arrive in/at 到达​ leave for 离开一地去另一地​ ask for 要，请求​ talk to 与…… 谈话​ help sb. with sth. 帮助…… 做​ send for 派人去请​ hear of 听说​ speak to 对某人说​ look at （有意识地）看 hear from 收到…… 来信​ take down 拿下，取下 go on 继续 put up 穿上，挂上​ give in 投降 go in for 从事，致力于 do well in 在…… 方面做得好​ learn from 向…… 学习​ shout at 大声叫喊，吼叫​ laugh at 嘲笑​ take away 拿走，带走​ think of 考虑，关心​ begin with 以…… 开始​ turn into 把…… 变成​ deal/do with 处置，对待 turn on/off 打开（关上） meet with 偶尔遇见，遭遇​ take off 脱下，起飞​ pass on 传递​ wait for 等候，等待 belong to 属于​ remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 look after照顾 listen to（听）等。 look for寻找 形容词+介词 be good at 擅长​ be good for对...有好处 be interested in 对…… 感兴趣​ be proud of 为…… 感到骄傲​ be full of 充满​ be afraid of 害怕 be angry with 对…… 生气​ be busy with 忙于​ be strict with 对…… 严格​ be friendly to 对…… 友好 名词 + 介词 a key to …… 的钥匙 / 关键 a ticket to …… 的票 the answer to …… 的答案等。 The symbol of ...的象征 【即时训练】 1.I'm looking forward to ______ from you soon. A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. hears​ 2.My sister is good ______ dancing. A. at B. in C. on D. for 3.They said they would arrive ______ three days. A. in B. after C. for D. since​ 4.The driver sits ______ the front of the bus. A. in B. in front of C. at D. on​ 5.______ a broken chair, the room has no furniture. A. Except B. Besides C. Except for D. Beside​ 6.She left home ______ a cold winter morning. A. in B. on C. at D. for​ 7.The book is ______ the shelf. You can reach it easily. A. in B. on C. under D. above​ 8.______ his help, I passed the exam successfully. A. At B. With C. For D. Because​ 9.The little girl is standing ______ her parents. A. among B. between C. in D. on​ 10.We should learn ______ each other and help each other. A. from B. with C. to D. of​ 11.The meeting will be held ______ two weeks. A. in B. after C. for D. at​ 12.The river runs ______ the city. A. across B. through C. over D. above​ 13.He didn't go to school ______ his illness. A. because B. because of C. for D. with​ 14.The house is ______ the hill. You can see it from far away. A. on top of B. in front of C. behind D. beside​ 15.We stayed at home ______ the heavy rain. A. because B. because of C. for D. with​ 【知识点清单二】非谓语动词短语 一、不定式（to do）常用短语 （一）接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语 afford to do sth 担负得起做某事 I afford to buy a new house. agree to do sth 赞同做某事 I agreed to look after the dog. ask to do sth 要求做某事 She asked to have a look at the photos. choose to do sth 选择做某事 He chose to do it by himself. decide to do sth 决定做某事 We decide to have a try. expect to do sth 期待做某事 I expect to go camping. hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to see you soon. learn to do sth 学习做某事 I will learn to drive. manage to do sth 设法做某事 Finally we managed to finish everything on time. fail to do sth 未能做某事 Little Tom failed to come to the party. offer to do sth 自动提出做某事 She always offers to help. plan to do sth 计划做某事 We plan to set out early tomorrow morning. would like to do sth 想要做某事 I would like to go for a walk after dinner. can’t wait to do sth 等不及要做某事 I can’t wait to start the journey! promise to do sth 承诺做某事 I promise to be home before 9. refuse to do sth 回绝做某事 She refuse to answer the question. want to do sth 想要做某事 I want to share my secret with you. wish to do sth 希望做某事 I wish to welcome the star. happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 I happened to see them in the street. need to do sth 需要做某事 I need to get a haircut. 辨析（needs to do & needs doing） be able to do 有能力做某事 She was able to take care of herself at the age of 6. have to do sth 不得不做某事 I have to say goodbye to smartphone. make sure to do sth 确保做某事 Make sure to take the umbrella when it rains. 一组更喜欢... prefer to do sth 更喜欢做某事 I prefer to stay at home. Prefer doing to doing更喜欢做某事，比起做某事 I prefer staying at home to going out. Prefer to do rather than do. 更喜欢做某事，比起做某事I prefer to stay at home than go out. Would rather do than do更喜欢做某事，比起做某事 I would rather stay at home than go out. 一组use： used to do sth 过去常常做某事 I used to go to school by car, now I go on foot. Be used to do sth 被用来做某事 Keys are used to open the doors. Be used to doing 习惯于做某事 When I was a student, I was used to getting up early. （二）接不定式作宾补 v sb to do sth （否定形式not + to do） advise sb. to do sth 建议某人做某事 The doctor advised him to do more exercise. allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事 Mom doesn’t allow me to go out after 10. ask sb. to do sth 请（叫）某人做某事 The teacher asks us not to waste time. encourage sb. to do sth 鼓舞某人做某事 My friend encouraged me to have a try. expect sb. to do sth 期待某人做某事 Parents always expect their kids to be the best. help sb. to do sth 帮助某人做某事 =help sb do sth = help sb with sth invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事 They invited a famous singer to sing a song. need sb to do sth 需求某人做某事 The animals need us to take care of them. order sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事 The officer ordered the soldiors to step forward. persuade sb. to do sth 说服某人做某事 I persuaded him to take part in the competition. remind sb to do sth 提示某人做某事 =remind sb of sth teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事 Teachers should teach students to learn by themselves. tell sb to do sth 通知某人做某事 Tell him to come to my office, please. train sb to do sth 训练某人做某事 Some kids are trained to swim at a very young age. want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 I want all my friends to be happy. warn sb not to do sth 警告某人不要做某事 The boss warned his men not to break the rules. use sth to do sth 用某物做某事 We use the internet to get information. （三）句型 It is adj for/of sb to do sth 某人做某事... It is exciting for us to go to the concert. It is sb’s duty/honour/ pleasure to do sth ...是某人的责任、荣誉、荣幸 It is our duty to study hard. It is time to do sth 到 做某事的时间了 It is time to go to school. I find/feel/think it adj to do sth 我感觉做某事... I find it easy to learn English well. be sure to do 表“务必做”，用于祈使句或陈述句 Be sure to call me. too...to do 表“太……而不能”，否定含义。 He is too young to go to school. 【即时训练】 1. She decided ______ a new job in the city. A. find B. to find C. finding D. found 2. The teacher told us ______ quiet in class. A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. kept 3. It's necessary ______ enough sleep every day. A. have B. to have C. having D. had 4. He got up early ______ catch the first bus. A. in order to B. in order that C. so that D. such that 5. They asked me ______ them with the project. A. Help B. to help C. helping D. helped 二、动名词（doing）常用短语 （一）接ving作宾语的14个常用动词 advise / suggest doing sth 建议做某事 He suggests holding a meeting. consider doing sth 考虑做某事 Please consider joining us. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 I really enjoy spending time with you. finish doing sth. 完成做某事 When will you finish reading this book? give up doing sth 放弃做某事 I will never give up working hard. imagine doing sth 想象做某事 Can you imagine living on another planet? keep doing sth 坚持做某事 Keep going, and you will reach your goal. mind doing sth 介意做某事 Do you mind opening the window? practice doing sth 练习做某事 We practice speaking English every day. look forward to doing 盼望做某事 I look forward to seeing you again. What / how about doing 做某事怎么样？ How about using a different colour? Be worth doing 值得做某事 It is worth trying. Be busy doing sth 忙着做某事 The officer is busy writing a report. Spend some time in doing sth 花费某时间做某事 I spend almost 2 hours finishing the paper. （it takes sb some time to do sth： It takes me almost 2 hours to finish the paper） （二）接ving作宾补的4个常用动词 Protect sb from being （hurt…） 保护某人不被… We must protect the earth from being polluted. prevent（stop）sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 We need to prevent the accidents from happening. thank sb for doing sth 感激某人做某事 Thank you for comming！ keep sb. doing sth 使人不停地做某事 The coach keeps the boys running for hours. 【即时训练】 1. I enjoy ______ books in my free time. A. read B. to read C. reading D. readed 2. They are looking forward to ______ the new movie. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 3. There is no use ______ about the past. A. worry B. to worry C. worrying D. worried 4. He can't help ______ when he hears the joke. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed 5. She is used to ______ breakfast at 7 am. A. have B. to have C. having D. had 3、 易混淆非谓语动词短语对比 （一）接动名词和动词不定式意义不同的词语 短语对比 含义及例句 stop to do vs. stop doing stop to do（停下来去做另一件事）： He stopped to have a rest.（他停下来休息。） stop doing（停止正在做的事）： He stopped talking.（他停止说话。） remember to do vs. remember doing remember to do（记得去做未做的事）： Remember to lock the door.（记得锁门。） remember doing（记得做过的事）： I remember locking the door.（我记得锁过门了。） try to do vs. try doing try to do（努力做，试图做）： He tried to solve the problem.（他努力解决问题。） try doing（尝试做，表方式）： Try using another way.（试试用另一种方法。） Try one’s best to do sth 尽某人全力做某事 We need to try our best to learn as much as possible. forget to do vs. forget doing forget to do sth. 遗忘要做某事 forget doing sth. 遗忘曾做过某事 Regret to do vs. Regret doing Regret to do sth 遗憾做某事 Regret doing sth 后悔做过某事 can’t help to do vs. can’t help doing can’t help to do sth. 不能协助做某事 can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 go on to do vs. go on doing go on to do sth. 做完某事接着做另一件事 go on doing sth. 持续做不断在做的事 be afraid to do vs. be afraid of doing be afraid to do 因为害怕而不敢去做某事 be afraid of doing 害怕做某件事 be used to do vs. be used to doing vs. used to do be used to do（被用来做）： Knives are used to cut.（刀被用来切东西。） be used to doing（习惯于做）： She is used to getting up early. used to do（过去常常做）： He used to smoke.（他过去常抽烟。） （二）接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相同的6个动词 Like/love to do sth / like/love doing sth. 喜欢做某事 hate to do sth / hate doing sth. 憎恶做某事 prefer to do sth / prefer doing sth. 宁可做某事 begin to do sth / begin doing sth. 开始做某事 start to do sth / start doing sth. 开始做某事 【即时训练】 1. He stopped ______ because he was tired. A. to work B. working C. work D. worked 2. Remember ______ the letter tomorrow. A. to send B. sending C. send D. sent 3. She tried ______ the door, but it was locked. A. to open B. opening C. open D. opened 4. He ______ live in the countryside, but now he lives in the city. A. is used to B. used to C. is used to doing D. used to doing 5. Wood can be used to ______ paper. A. make B. making C. made D. makes 四、接动词原形作宾补的6个常用动词 let sb. do sth 让某人做某事 Please let me talk to him. had better do sth (sb’d better do) 最好做某事 You’d better take my advice. make sb. do sth (迫)使某人做某事 Don’t make me do things I don’t like. why not do sth 为什么不做某事 Why not have a rest? 特殊： do 经常或者全过程（I often see him read novels.） See / hear sb notice / wathch sb doing (经过的一瞬间，进门的一瞬间......)“正在”做某事的一瞬间 （When I came in，I saw him reading a novel） 特殊被动语态： be made to do被迫使做某事 Be seen/heard/noticed to do 被看见、听到、注意到做某事 【即时训练】 1. I want ______ a new bike next month. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought 2. They practice ______ English every morning. A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. spoke 3. The ______ boy is my younger brother. A. sleeping B. slept C. sleep D. to sleep 4. She is good at ______ stories. A. write B. to write C. writing D. wrote 5. ______ from the top of the hill, the village looks beautiful. A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. See 五、感官动词与使役动词后非谓语动词作补语 （一）感官动词（Perceptive Verbs）的宾语补足语用法 感官动词 宾语补足语 用法 结构 例句 see, hear, watch, notice, observe, feel, smell, taste 不定式（to do） 表示动作的全过程（已完成）或经常性动作。 感官动词 + 宾语 + （to）do I saw her cross the street.（我看见她穿过了马路。） He often hears the birds sing in the morning.（他经常听见鸟儿在早晨唱歌。） 现在分词（doing） 表示动作正在进行（未完成）或主动关系。 感官动词 + 宾语 + doing She noticed him crying in the corner.（她注意到他正在角落哭泣。） We could smell the food cooking.（我们能闻到食物正在烹饪的味道。） 过去分词（done） 表示动作已完成或被动关系（宾语是动作的承受者）。 感官动词 + 宾语 + done He felt his heart broken after the news.（听到消息后，他感到心碎。） I saw the letter opened on the desk.（我看见桌上的信已被拆开。） （二）使役动词（Causative Verbs）的补语用法 使役动词 宾语补足语 用法 结构 例句 make, let, have, 不定式（to do） 表示让宾语执行动作（不带 to）。 make/let/have + 宾语 + do The teacher made us copy the text.（老师让我们抄课文。） Let me help you.（让我帮你。） 现在分词（doing） 表示让宾语持续做某事（主动、进行）。 have/keep/leave + 宾语 + doing Don’t have the water running all the time.（别让水一直流着。） He kept me waiting for an hour.（他让我等了一小时。） 过去分词（done） 表示使宾语被……（被动或完成）。 have/get/make + 宾语 + done I had my hair cut yesterday.（我昨天剪了头发。） She got her computer repaired.（她把电脑修好了。） get（使、让） 不定式（to do） 需带 to，表示 “使宾语去做”。 get + 宾语 + to do I got him to finish the work.（我让他完成了工作。） （三）主语补足语（Subject Complement） 类别 要点 例句 当感官动词的被动语态中，原宾补变为主补时： 不定式需还原 to（被动语态中 to 不可省略）。 分词形式不变（主动用 doing，被动用 done）。 She was seen to cross the street.（她被看见穿过马路。） He was heard singing in the room.（有人听见他在房间里唱歌。） The food was smelled cooking in the kitchen.（有人闻到食物在厨房烹饪的味道。） 使役动词变被动语态时 make后的不定式需还原 to 主动：He made me laugh. → 被动：I was made to laugh. have/let/get的被动语态较少见，补语形式根据原结构确定 主动：She had her car washed. → 被动：Her car was had washed.（较少用） 更常见：She got her car washed. → Her car was got washed. （四）感官动词与使役动词补语用法对比表 动词类型 非谓语形式 主动语态结构 被动语态结构（主补） 含义与用法 感官动词 不定式（do） see sb do sth sb be seen to do sth 动作全过程或经常性 现在分词（doing） see sb doing sth sb be seen doing sth 动作正在进行或主动 过去分词（done） see sth done sth be seen done 动作完成或被动 使役动词 不定式（do） make sb do sth sb be made to do sth 让宾语执行动作（make/let/have 不带 to） 现在分词（doing） have sb doing sth 过去分词（done） have sth done sth be had done 使宾语被…… （五）易混淆点对比 易混点 用法及举例 感官动词后不定式与分词的区别 see sb. do 看见某人做全过程： I saw him cross the street.（看见他过马路的全过程。） see sb. doing 看见某人正在做： I saw him crossing the street.（看见他正在过马路。） 使役动词 have 的多义性 have sb. do 让某人做： I had him clean the room.（我让他打扫房间。） have sb. doing 让某人一直做： I had him cleaning the room.（我让他一直打扫房间。） have sth. done 让某事被做： I had the room cleaned.（我让房间被打扫了。） 被动语态中的 to 还原 仅当使役动词（make）或感官动词（see/hear 等）在被动语态中接不定式时，需还原 to，其他情况分词形式不变。 【即时训练】 1. The teacher made us ______ the text twice. A. read B. to read C. reading D. readed 2. They want their son ______ a doctor in the future. A. become B. to become C. becoming D. became 3. He was made ______ the work alone. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D . finished 4. I heard her ______ in the next room just now. A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sung 5. The boss told the workers ______ on time. A. arrive B. to arrive C. arriving D. arrived 6. When I passed by, I heard them ______ loudly. A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked 7. The teacher found some students ______ in class. A. sleep B. to sleep C. Sleeping D. slept 8. Don’t keep me ______ for too long. A. wait B. to wait C. waiting D. waited 9. She saw a boy ______ across the street. A. run B. to run C. running D. runs 10. I noticed him ______ the room quietly. A. leave B. to leave C. leaving D. left 11. I need to get my computer ______. A. repair B. to repair C. repairing D. repaired 12. She had her house ______ before the party. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned 13. The teacher wanted the work ______ at once. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished 14. He found the door ______ when he got home. A. lock B. to lock C. locking D. locked 15. They made their voices ______ by everyone. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard 语文版基础模块短语汇总 短语 含义 短语 含义 after class 课后 at first 起初 arrive in/at 到达 at the beginning of 在……开始的时候 agree with/to/on 赞同 apologize to sb 向某人道歉 apologize for sth 因为...道歉 apologize to sb for sth 因为某事向某人道歉 as soon as possible 尽快地 at the end of… 在......结尾,在......末端 as for 关于 at the beginning of 在开始的时候 as…as possible 尽可能 at midnight 在半夜 ask for 请求,要求 ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 at the same time 同时,一起 according to 根据,依照 at the age of 在 ...... 岁的时候 apply for 申请 at present 现在,目前 a great deal of 非常多，大量 be in trouble 处于困境中 at the end of 在……末端 be glad to 很高兴做 be full of /be filled with 充满，装满 be kind to 对……和蔼可亲 be popular with 受 ……..欢迎 be good for 对……有好处,有益于 be happy with 因……而高兴 be good to sb 对……好 begin with 从……开始 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 be angry with 和……生气 be famous for 因为……而著名 be famous as 作为……而著名 be busy with 忙于某事 be busy {in} doing sth 忙着做某事 be different from 不同于 be different in 在……不同 be active in… 在......中积极 be experienced in 在......有经验 be located in 坐落于 by hand 用手工 be aware of 知道,意识到 be crazy about 对……着迷 be proud of 为…而自豪, 为…而骄傲 be suitable for 适合 be experienced in 在 ...... 上有经验 be concerned about 关心 be willing to do 愿意去做 be interested in 对……感兴趣 be harmful to 对 ...... 有害 be covered with 被覆盖 be dfferent in 在……不同 be different from 与……不同 before long 不久以后 breath in 呼吸 begin with 以……开始 be afraid of sth./doing sth. 恐怕 bring about 导致，使 ...... 发生 bring ... into 引入 by plane 乘飞机 borrow …from 向……借 break down 出故障 break out （战争等）爆发 because of 因为 be dependent on /depend on 依赖，依靠 benefit from 受益于 benefit to 对........有益 by means of 通过，用，借助于 by the way 顺便问一下 brave it out 勇敢地面对人生 be good at 擅长 be willing to 愿意,乐意做 be eager to 急着要......,渴望...... be dressed in 穿着 be related to 和 ……有关 be worried about 担心，为...发愁 be helpful to 对...有帮助 come out 出来，长出，出现 come up 上来,长出来,出现 call at/ in on 拜访 come to oneself 苏醒 come out 提出，发芽 care for 照顾，照料，关怀 do harm to 对.......有害 deal with 处理问题 dream of/about 梦想 dress up 打扮起来 delight to do sth 高兴去做 delight in 沉溺于 die of /from 死于 extend to 延伸 far away 远距离,远方 earn one’s living 谋生 fall down 倒下 share … with…… 与......分享 fight with sb 和...战斗 fight for 为...而战 fight against 反对 fight off 打败 find out 发现 forget to do 忘记去做 get on with 与......相处 get angry with 与......生气 get into … trouble 使…….陷入困境 give up 放弃 get along 进展 grow up 成长 get ready for 为......做好准备 get on well with 相处好 give up 放弃 graduate from 毕业于 get addicted to 上瘾，痴迷于 go for去找 have effects on ...... 在 ...... 有影响 go for ride 开车兜风 hang up 挂起来 have difficulty (in ) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难 help sb with sth 帮助某人某事 go on to do 接下来继续做 in English 用英语 in class 课堂上 in great joy 兴高采烈地 in anger 生气地 in fact 其实，实际上 in order 按顺序 in the north 在北方 in this way 用这种方法 in low spirit 情绪低落 in sorrow 悲伤地 in need 在需求中 in style 流行 in total 总计，合计 in fashion 流行 in addition 并且,另外 in cash 现金付款 instead of 代替 in sight 用图像 in sound 用声音 in one’s opinion 依某人看来 interfere with 干涉，干扰 in responed to 为了回应 in danger 危险地 in trouble 陷入困境 in person 亲自 in return 回报 join in 参加 just like 正如 keep on doing sth. 一直不断做某事 keep on 持续 lend … to 把……借给 live with 与……一起生活 laugh at 嘲笑 look forward to 盼望，期盼 look for 寻找 leave for 动身前往 learn about 学习关于 learn from 向......学习 lose confidence 失去信心 link……to 连接 live a ... life 过 ...... 的生活 lead to 导致 long before 很久以前 mix with 混合 more or less 或多或少 make good use of 好好利用，（充分）利用 move to 搬迁,搬到 manage to do 努力去做 make mistakes 犯错误 mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味着做 next to 靠近,挨着 not … until 直到......才...... not … any more 不再 on the right 在右边 of course 当然 on foot 步行 on time 按时 on vacation 度假 on weekends /at weekends 在周末 on business 办事,出差 out of school 失学 on one’s way 在......路上 on purpose 有意,故意地 on earth 世上,终究,到底 on sale 廉价出售 on show 展示 on behalf of 为了......的利益，代表 pay for 支付 pay attention to 注意 put …into practice 付诸实践 pay off 带来好的结果,付清 participate in 参加 prepare for 为 ...... 而准备 play an important role in ... 在 ......中起重要作用 point at 指着 play a part in 在......中起作用 prepare for 为......做准备 pick up 捡起，搭乘 protect …….from 保护 quarrel with sb 和...争吵 respond to 答复 quarrel about sth with sb 因为某事和某人争吵 reply to 答复 remind sb of sth 使某人想起某物 rely on 依靠,依赖 result from 由...引起，起源于 related to 同 ...... 有关系,涉及 result in 导致，结果是 set off 燃放,出发 set a good example to 为……树立好榜样 show concern about 对......表示关心 something wrong with… ......有毛病 since then 自此之后 set up 建立 shout at 对……喊叫 show off 炫耀 settle on 出现 选定 spend time (in) doing sth 花费 ..... 做某事 stay up late 熬夜，深夜不睡 stay away from 离开，外出，缺席 succeed in 在 ...... 成功 show up 出现 supply sb with sth 为 ...... 提供 supply sth for sb 提供给...... talk with 和……交谈 suffer from 遭受 talk to 对……谈 talk about 谈论关于 tell the truth 说真话 take sb by the hand 抓住某人的手 thank for 为......而感谢 take on 烦恼，不安，激动,雇佣, think of 考虑,想起 together with 与……一起 think of sb as 认为某人是 think about 考虑 turn to 转向 think over 深思熟虑 tell of 提起 tell about 告诉关于 thank…… for 因为……而感谢 take part in 参加,参与 try one’s best to do 尽力去做 thanks to 幸亏,由于 turn on /off 打开/关闭 think over 仔细考虑 take … out of 取出 turn down/up 调大声音，拒绝/调小声音 under one’s control 在 ...... 的控制下 throw …away 扔掉 tend to 趋向 work on 从事 with the help of 在.....的帮助下 work out 想起，认为 算出 worry about 担心,担忧 work as 把……当作职业 write to sb 给某人写信 write with 用...写 wait for 等待,等候 with confidence 自信地 高教修订版基础模块短语汇总 短语 含义 短语 含义 be strict with 对……严格的 Chongyang Festival 重阳节 high school 高中 younger sister 妹妹 bus stop 公交车站 get off 下车 get to 到达 take a taxi 打车 rush hour 高峰期 shuttle bus 班车 Summer Palace 颐和园 worry about 担心…… you’d better 你最好 fitting room 试衣间 lead the way to 引向…… on sale 打折销售；减价出售 payment code 支付码 pay with 用……支付 sound like 听上去似乎 practical training 实训 help with 帮助 prepare ... for ... 使……为……做好准备 in common 共同的；共有的 invite ... to ... 邀请……参加…… look forward to 期待 need a hand (with...) 需要帮手（做……） on behalf of 代表 opening ceremony 开业典礼；开幕式 apart from 除了…… play an important role 发挥重要作用 be able to 能够 contribute to 为……做贡献 eat out 外出就餐 mineral water 矿泉水 price range 价格范围 pay attention to 注意 tend to 往往会 concentrate on 专心…… go over 复习；重温 have access to 使用；接近 log onto 登录；进入 stay up 熬夜 return to 返回 ahead of schedule 提前 succeed in 在……取得成功 show an interest in 对……感兴趣 all sorts of 各种各样的 be famous for 因……知名 due to 因为；应归于 give up 放弃 pass through 穿过；通过 scenic spot 景点 set off 出发 take care of 照顾；注意 as a result 结果 burn off 燃尽；烧掉 give sb a hand 帮忙 look well 看上去健康；显得不错 lose one’s temper 发脾气 move around 走来走去 on the edge of 在……的边缘 recover from 恢复 suffer from 忍受；遭受 washing machine 洗衣机 what is more 而且 go through 仔细检查 job description 职位描述 keep track of 记录 be skilled in 擅长 act as 充当 home and abroad 国内外 look forward to 期待 major in 主修 as early as 早在……的时候 attract to 吸引 China fever 中国热 date back to 追溯到 search for 寻找 be connected to 与……有联系 focus on 集中于 in the end 终于；最后 neither ... nor ... 既不……也不…… once upon a time 从前 strive for 争取；奋斗 take up 从事；拿起 in a way 在某种程度上 be doubtful about 对……感到怀疑 in the beginning 开始；起初 succeed in 成功（做某事） turn on / off 开（关）灯 at the same time 同时 dry up 干涸 not until 直到……才 shared bike 共享单车 get a feel for 熟悉 check out 检验 meet one’s needs 满足某人的需求 on the same page 意见一致 thanks to 多亏 due to 由于；因为 in charge of 负责…… make sure 确保；确定 cause loss to 给……造成损失 lead to 导致 be dependent on 依靠 according to 根据 be known as 被认为是；被称为 starting point of ……的起点 look up to 尊敬；敬仰 make a change 作出改变 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》（2020年版）及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇的语言知识清单，第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习《词汇知识点清单》中词汇知识清单的第2个专题，内容为介词短语和非谓语动词固定搭配。 黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习 英语词汇知识清单 专题2 介词短语和非谓语动词固定搭配（讲+练）【考点解读】 近三年真题显示，介词短语和非谓语动词固定搭配是考试常出现的内容。例如2024年考查Because of 、At the end of 、Instead of和On behalf of 的区别，due to 、thanks to 、result in 和 result from 的区别。非谓语动词也常常是考固定用法，例如2024年考查 stop to cry和 stop crying 的用法区别。复习时，要熟练掌握固定用法，用习题巩固，以便考试时取得好成绩。 【知识点清单一】介词短语 一、介词短语概述 项目 说明 例句 构成 介词短语是由介词加上名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句构成。 in the room（在房间里），with me和我一起 about what he said（关于他所说的）。 句法功能 介词不能独立在句中作成分，需与名词、代词或动名词构成介词短语，在句中可作以下成分 作状语 On that day everyone eats mooncakes.（在那一天大家都吃月饼，表时间） You can wait for me at the school gate.（你可以在学校门口等我，表地点） 作表语 A few apples remain on the tree.（树上还留有几个苹果） Is it in your handbag?（它在你的手提包里吗？） 作补足语 They must keep their hands behind their backs.（他们必须把手放在背后） When I woke up, I found myself in a strange place.（醒来后我发现自己在一个陌生的地方） 作定语 The cup on the table is my father's.（桌子上的杯子是我父亲的） Who is the man in the middle?（中间那位男士是谁？） 二、介词短语的固定搭配​ 介词+名词 短语 at+名词 at the age of 在…… 岁时​ at a loss 不知所措​ at dinner 在吃晚餐​ at peace 处于和平状态​ at war 在战争中​ at work 在工作​ at the sight of 看到…… 时 in+名词 in addition (to) 另外；除了​ in case of 万一 in charge of 负责；主管​ in favor of 赞成；支持 in need of 需要 in return for 作为回报 in high spirits 情绪高昂​ in no time 立即​ in a hurry 匆忙​ in need 处于困难中​ in surprise 吃惊地​ in order 整齐；井然有序​ in trouble 在困难中 in preparation for 为…… 做准备 in use 使用中​ ​ by+名词 by accident 偶然地 by chance 偶然地 by force 用暴力​ by hand 手工地​ by the month 按月算 by mistake 错误地​ beyond+名词 beyond comparison 无与伦比​ beyond control 失控​ beyond doubt 毋庸置疑​ beyond description 难以描述​​ beyond expression 难以表达 beyond (one's) reach 够不到​ on + 名词​ on a trip 在旅行​ on business 出差​ on display/show 在展出​ on duty 在值班 on behalf of 代表​ on holiday/vacation 在度假​ on sale 在出售 on the way 在途中​ out of +名词​ out of balance 失去平衡​ out of control 失去控制​ out of danger 脱离危险 out of date 过期 out of order 出故障 out of work 失业​ under +名词 under consideration 在考虑中​ under construction 在建造中​ under control 在控制之下 under discussion 在讨论中 under pressure 在压力下​ under repair 在修理中 【即时训练】 1.He started to learn English ______ the age of 10. A. in B. on C. at D. for​ 答案：C. at 解析：固定搭配：“at the age of + 数字” 表示 “在…… 岁时”，是固定用法。 示例：At the age of 18, she went to college.（18 岁时，她上了大学。） 2.______ case of fire, call 119 at once. A. In B. On C. At D. For​ 答案：A. In 解析：固定短语：“in case of sth.” 意为 “万一……；如果发生……”，用于提醒应对突发情况。 示例：In case of rain, bring an umbrella.（如果下雨，带把伞。） 3.I met an old friend of mine ______ accident yesterday. A. in B. on C. by D. for​ 答案：C. by 解析：固定搭配：“by accident” 表示 “偶然地；意外地”，相当于 “accidentally”。 对比：“on purpose” 意为 “故意地”。 示例：I found the book by accident in a bookstore.（我偶然在一家书店发现了这本书。） 4.The beauty of the place is ______ description. A. in B. on C. beyond D. for​ 答案：C. beyond 解析：固定表达：“beyond description” 意为 “无法用语言描述；难以形容”，强调程度超出描述能力。 拓展：类似短语如 “beyond doubt”（毫无疑问）、“beyond repair”（无法修复）。 示例：The view from the mountain top is beyond description.（山顶的景色美得无法形容。） 5.He is ______ business in Shanghai now. A. in B. on C. at D. for​ 答案：B. on 解析：固定短语：“on business” 表示 “出差”，是商务场景中的常用表达。 示例：He travels to Beijing on business twice a month.（他每月去北京出差两次。） 6.The machine is ______ order. We need to repair it. A. in B. on C. out of D. for​ 答案：C. out of 解析：短语辨析： “in order” 表示 “正常；有序”，如 “The files are in order.”（文件整理有序。） “out of order” 表示 “故障；失灵”，符合题意 “机器需要维修”。 示例：The elevator is out of order. Take the stairs, please.（电梯坏了，请走楼梯。） 7.The bridge is ______ construction. It will be finished next year. A. in B. on C. under D. for​ 答案：C. under 解析：固定搭配：“under construction” 意为 “在建设中”，表示项目正在进行。 拓展：类似结构如 “under repair”（在维修中）、“under discussion”（在讨论中）。 示例：The new library is under construction and will open in 2026.（新图书馆正在建设中，2026 年开放。） 三、介词与其他词类的搭配​ 介词+？词 示例 动词+介词 arrive in/at 到达​ leave for 离开一地去另一地​ ask for 要，请求​ talk to 与…… 谈话​ help sb. with sth. 帮助…… 做​ send for 派人去请​ hear of 听说​ speak to 对某人说​ look at （有意识地）看 hear from 收到…… 来信​ take down 拿下，取下 go on 继续 put up 穿上，挂上​ give in 投降 go in for 从事，致力于 do well in 在…… 方面做得好​ learn from 向…… 学习​ shout at 大声叫喊，吼叫​ laugh at 嘲笑​ take away 拿走，带走​ think of 考虑，关心​ begin with 以…… 开始​ turn into 把…… 变成​ deal/do with 处置，对待 turn on/off 打开（关上） meet with 偶尔遇见，遭遇​ take off 脱下，起飞​ pass on 传递​ wait for 等候，等待 belong to 属于​ remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 look after照顾 listen to（听）等。 look for寻找 形容词+介词 be good at 擅长​ be good for对...有好处 be interested in 对…… 感兴趣​ be proud of 为…… 感到骄傲​ be full of 充满​ be afraid of 害怕 be angry with 对…… 生气​ be busy with 忙于​ be strict with 对…… 严格​ be friendly to 对…… 友好 名词 + 介词 a key to …… 的钥匙 / 关键 a ticket to …… 的票 the answer to …… 的答案等。 The symbol of ...的象征 【即时训练】 1.I'm looking forward to ______ from you soon. A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. hears​ 答案：B. hearing 解析：固定搭配：“look forward to doing sth.” 表示 “期待做某事”，其中 to 为介词，后接动名词（v.-ing）。 示例：She looks forward to traveling abroad.（她期待出国旅行。） 2.My sister is good ______ dancing. A. at B. in C. on D. for 答案：A. at 解析：固定短语：“be good at (doing) sth.” 意为 “擅长……”，同义表达为 “do well in”。 拓展：“be good for” 表示 “对…… 有益”，如 “Vegetables are good for health.”（蔬菜有益健康。） 3.They said they would arrive ______ three days. A. in B. after C. for D. since​ 答案：A. in 解析：时间介词辨析： “in + 时间段” 用于将来时，表示 “在…… 之后”（从现在算起）。 “after + 时间段” 常用于过去时，如 “He came back after three days.”（他三天后回来了。） 示例：The project will be finished in two weeks.（项目两周后完成。） 4.The driver sits ______ the front of the bus. A. in B. in front of C. at D. on​ 答案：A. in 解析：短语辨析： “in the front of sth.” 表示 “在某物内部的前面”（如公交车司机的位置）。 “in front of sth.” 表示 “在某物外部的前面”（如人站在公交车前）。 司机在车内前方 → in the front of the bus 树在房子外前方 → in front of the house 5.______ a broken chair, the room has no furniture. A. Except B. Besides C. Except for D. Beside​ 答案：C. Except for 解析：介词（短语）辨析： except：“除…… 之外”（排除同类事物），如 “All students went except Tom.”（除了汤姆，所有学生都去了。） besides：“除…… 之外还有”（包含在内），如 “Besides English, she learns French.”（除了英语，她还学法语。） except for：“除了……”（排除非同类事物，强调整体与细节的对比），如本题中 “房间除了一把破椅子外没有家具”，破椅子与家具属于整体与局部的关系。 beside：“在…… 旁边”，不符合题意。 6.She left home ______ a cold winter morning. A. in B. on C. at D. for​ 答案：B. on 解析：时间介词细节： “on + 具体某天 / 某天的早中晚”，如 “on Monday morning”“on a rainy day”。 “in + 季节 / 月份 / 年份”，如 “in winter”“in January”；“at + 具体时刻”，如 “at 6 a.m.”。 7.The book is ______ the shelf. You can reach it easily. A. in B. on C. under D. above​ 答案：B. on 解析：方位介词： “on the shelf” 表示 “在书架上”（物体表面与支撑物接触）。 “in the shelf” 指 “在书架内部”（如抽屉里），“under/above” 不符合 “容易够到” 的语境。 8.______ his help, I passed the exam successfully. A. At B. With C. For D. Because​ 答案：B. With 解析：固定搭配：“with one's help” 或 “with the help of sb.” 表示 “在某人的帮助下”，是高频考点。 示例：With her teacher's help, she improved her math.（在老师的帮助下，她数学进步了。） 9.The little girl is standing ______ her parents. A. among B. between C. in D. on​ 答案：B. between 解析：介词辨析： between：“在两者之间”，如 “between A and B”。 among：“在三者或以上之间”，如 “among the students”。 本题语境：父母是两个人，故用 between。 10.We should learn ______ each other and help each other. A. from B. with C. to D. of​ 答案：A. from 解析：固定短语：“learn from sb.” 意为 “向某人学习”，是常见搭配。 拓展：“learn about sth.” 表示 “了解某事”，“learn by heart” 表示 “牢记”。 11.The meeting will be held ______ two weeks. A. in B. after C. for D. at​ 答案：A. in 解析：“in + 时间段” 用于将来时，表示 “在…… 之后”。 注意：“after + 时间点” 也可用于将来时，如 “after 2 p.m.”，但 “after + 时间段” 更常用于过去时。 12.The river runs ______ the city. A. across B. through C. over D. above​ 答案：B. through 解析：方位介词辨析： through：“穿过（内部）”，如 “run through the forest/city”（河流穿过城市内部）。 across：“穿过（表面）”，如 “walk across the street”（过马路）。 over/above：“在…… 上方”，不符合 “穿过” 的动作。 13.He didn't go to school ______ his illness. A. because B. because of C. for D. with​ 答案：B. because of 解析：因果表达辨析： because：后接从句，如 “He didn't go because he was ill.”（从句）。 because of：后接名词 / 名词短语，如 “his illness”（名词短语）。 示例对比： Because it rained, we stayed at home.（从句） We stayed at home because of the rain.（名词短语） 14.The house is ______ the hill. You can see it from far away. A. on top of B. in front of C. behind D. beside​ 答案：A. on top of 解析：短语辨析： “on top of” 表示 “在…… 顶部”，符合 “从远处能看到山上的房子” 的语境。 “in front of”（在…… 前面）、“behind”（在…… 后面）、“beside”（在…… 旁边）均不强调 “高处”。 15.We stayed at home ______ the heavy rain. A. because B. because of C. for D. with​ 答案：B. because of 解析：“the heavy rain” 是名词短语，用 because of 连接因果关系。 【知识点清单二】非谓语动词短语 一、不定式（to do）常用短语 （一）接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语 afford to do sth 担负得起做某事 I afford to buy a new house. agree to do sth 赞同做某事 I agreed to look after the dog. ask to do sth 要求做某事 She asked to have a look at the photos. choose to do sth 选择做某事 He chose to do it by himself. decide to do sth 决定做某事 We decide to have a try. expect to do sth 期待做某事 I expect to go camping. hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to see you soon. learn to do sth 学习做某事 I will learn to drive. manage to do sth 设法做某事 Finally we managed to finish everything on time. fail to do sth 未能做某事 Little Tom failed to come to the party. offer to do sth 自动提出做某事 She always offers to help. plan to do sth 计划做某事 We plan to set out early tomorrow morning. would like to do sth 想要做某事 I would like to go for a walk after dinner. can’t wait to do sth 等不及要做某事 I can’t wait to start the journey! promise to do sth 承诺做某事 I promise to be home before 9. refuse to do sth 回绝做某事 She refuse to answer the question. want to do sth 想要做某事 I want to share my secret with you. wish to do sth 希望做某事 I wish to welcome the star. happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 I happened to see them in the street. need to do sth 需要做某事 I need to get a haircut. 辨析（needs to do & needs doing） be able to do 有能力做某事 She was able to take care of herself at the age of 6. have to do sth 不得不做某事 I have to say goodbye to smartphone. make sure to do sth 确保做某事 Make sure to take the umbrella when it rains. 一组更喜欢... prefer to do sth 更喜欢做某事 I prefer to stay at home. Prefer doing to doing更喜欢做某事，比起做某事 I prefer staying at home to going out. Prefer to do rather than do. 更喜欢做某事，比起做某事I prefer to stay at home than go out. Would rather do than do更喜欢做某事，比起做某事 I would rather stay at home than go out. 一组use： used to do sth 过去常常做某事 I used to go to school by car, now I go on foot. Be used to do sth 被用来做某事 Keys are used to open the doors. Be used to doing 习惯于做某事 When I was a student, I was used to getting up early. （二）接不定式作宾补 v sb to do sth （否定形式not + to do） advise sb. to do sth 建议某人做某事 The doctor advised him to do more exercise. allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事 Mom doesn’t allow me to go out after 10. ask sb. to do sth 请（叫）某人做某事 The teacher asks us not to waste time. encourage sb. to do sth 鼓舞某人做某事 My friend encouraged me to have a try. expect sb. to do sth 期待某人做某事 Parents always expect their kids to be the best. help sb. to do sth 帮助某人做某事 =help sb do sth = help sb with sth invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事 They invited a famous singer to sing a song. need sb to do sth 需求某人做某事 The animals need us to take care of them. order sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事 The officer ordered the soldiors to step forward. persuade sb. to do sth 说服某人做某事 I persuaded him to take part in the competition. remind sb to do sth 提示某人做某事 =remind sb of sth teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事 Teachers should teach students to learn by themselves. tell sb to do sth 通知某人做某事 Tell him to come to my office, please. train sb to do sth 训练某人做某事 Some kids are trained to swim at a very young age. want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 I want all my friends to be happy. warn sb not to do sth 警告某人不要做某事 The boss warned his men not to break the rules. use sth to do sth 用某物做某事 We use the internet to get information. （三）句型 It is adj for/of sb to do sth 某人做某事... It is exciting for us to go to the concert. It is sb’s duty/honour/ pleasure to do sth ...是某人的责任、荣誉、荣幸 It is our duty to study hard. It is time to do sth 到 做某事的时间了 It is time to go to school. I find/feel/think it adj to do sth 我感觉做某事... I find it easy to learn English well. be sure to do 表“务必做”，用于祈使句或陈述句 Be sure to call me. too...to do 表“太……而不能”，否定含义。 He is too young to go to school. 【即时训练】 1. She decided ______ a new job in the city. A. find B. to find C. finding D. found 答案：B 解析：decide to do为固定短语，意为“决定做某事”，后接不定式。 2. The teacher told us ______ quiet in class. A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. kept 答案：B 解析：tell sb. to do为固定结构，“告诉某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。 3. It's necessary ______ enough sleep every day. A. have B. to have C. having D. had 答案：B 解析：It's + adj. + to do为固定句型，to have作真正主语。 4. He got up early ______ catch the first bus. A. in order to B. in order that C. so that D. such that 答案：A 解析：in order to do表目的，后接动词原形；in order that/so that后接从句。 5. They asked me ______ them with the project. A. Help B. to help C. helping D. helped 答案：B 解析：ask sb. to do为固定短语，“要求某人做某事”。 二、动名词（doing）常用短语 （一）接ving作宾语的14个常用动词 advise / suggest doing sth 建议做某事 He suggests holding a meeting. consider doing sth 考虑做某事 Please consider joining us. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 I really enjoy spending time with you. finish doing sth. 完成做某事 When will you finish reading this book? give up doing sth 放弃做某事 I will never give up working hard. imagine doing sth 想象做某事 Can you imagine living on another planet? keep doing sth 坚持做某事 Keep going, and you will reach your goal. mind doing sth 介意做某事 Do you mind opening the window? practice doing sth 练习做某事 We practice speaking English every day. look forward to doing 盼望做某事 I look forward to seeing you again. What / how about doing 做某事怎么样？ How about using a different colour? Be worth doing 值得做某事 It is worth trying. Be busy doing sth 忙着做某事 The officer is busy writing a report. Spend some time in doing sth 花费某时间做某事 I spend almost 2 hours finishing the paper. （it takes sb some time to do sth： It takes me almost 2 hours to finish the paper） （二）接ving作宾补的4个常用动词 Protect sb from being （hurt…） 保护某人不被… We must protect the earth from being polluted. prevent（stop）sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 We need to prevent the accidents from happening. thank sb for doing sth 感激某人做某事 Thank you for comming！ keep sb. doing sth 使人不停地做某事 The coach keeps the boys running for hours. 【即时训练】 1. I enjoy ______ books in my free time. A. read B. to read C. reading D. readed 答案：C 解析：enjoy doing为固定短语，“喜欢做某事”，后接动名词。 2. They are looking forward to ______ the new movie. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 答案：C 解析：look forward to中to为介词，后接动名词watching。 3. There is no use ______ about the past. A. worry B. to worry C. worrying D. worried 答案：C 解析：There is no use doing为固定句型，“做……无用”。 4. He can't help ______ when he hears the joke. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed 答案：C 解析：can't help doing意为“忍不住做”，后接动名词。 5. She is used to ______ breakfast at 7 am. A. have B. to have C. having D. had 答案：C 解析：be used to doing意为“习惯于做”，后接动名词having。 3、 易混淆非谓语动词短语对比 （一）接动名词和动词不定式意义不同的词语 短语对比 含义及例句 stop to do vs. stop doing stop to do（停下来去做另一件事）： He stopped to have a rest.（他停下来休息。） stop doing（停止正在做的事）： He stopped talking.（他停止说话。） remember to do vs. remember doing remember to do（记得去做未做的事）： Remember to lock the door.（记得锁门。） remember doing（记得做过的事）： I remember locking the door.（我记得锁过门了。） try to do vs. try doing try to do（努力做，试图做）： He tried to solve the problem.（他努力解决问题。） try doing（尝试做，表方式）： Try using another way.（试试用另一种方法。） Try one’s best to do sth 尽某人全力做某事 We need to try our best to learn as much as possible. forget to do vs. forget doing forget to do sth. 遗忘要做某事 forget doing sth. 遗忘曾做过某事 Regret to do vs. Regret doing Regret to do sth 遗憾做某事 Regret doing sth 后悔做过某事 can’t help to do vs. can’t help doing can’t help to do sth. 不能协助做某事 can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 go on to do vs. go on doing go on to do sth. 做完某事接着做另一件事 go on doing sth. 持续做不断在做的事 be afraid to do vs. be afraid of doing be afraid to do 因为害怕而不敢去做某事 be afraid of doing 害怕做某件事 be used to do vs. be used to doing vs. used to do be used to do（被用来做）： Knives are used to cut.（刀被用来切东西。） be used to doing（习惯于做）： She is used to getting up early. used to do（过去常常做）： He used to smoke.（他过去常抽烟。） （二）接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相同的6个动词 Like/love to do sth / like/love doing sth. 喜欢做某事 hate to do sth / hate doing sth. 憎恶做某事 prefer to do sth / prefer doing sth. 宁可做某事 begin to do sth / begin doing sth. 开始做某事 start to do sth / start doing sth. 开始做某事 【即时训练】 1. He stopped ______ because he was tired. A. to work B. working C. work D. worked 答案：B 解析：stop working意为“停止工作”，表示停止正在做的事。 2. Remember ______ the letter tomorrow. A. to send B. sending C. send D. sent 答案：A 解析：remember to send意为“记得去寄信”，动作未发生。 3. She tried ______ the door, but it was locked. A. to open B. opening C. open D. opened 答案：A 解析：try to open意为“努力打开”，表示试图做某事。 4. He ______ live in the countryside, but now he lives in the city. A. is used to B. used to C. is used to doing D. used to doing 答案：B 解析：used to live意为“过去常住在”，表示过去的习惯。 5. Wood can be used to ______ paper. A. make B. making C. made D. makes 答案：A 解析：be used to make意为“被用来制造”，不定式表目的。 四、接动词原形作宾补的6个常用动词 let sb. do sth 让某人做某事 Please let me talk to him. had better do sth (sb’d better do) 最好做某事 You’d better take my advice. make sb. do sth (迫)使某人做某事 Don’t make me do things I don’t like. why not do sth 为什么不做某事 Why not have a rest? 特殊： do 经常或者全过程（I often see him read novels.） See / hear sb notice / wathch sb doing (经过的一瞬间，进门的一瞬间......)“正在”做某事的一瞬间 （When I came in，I saw him reading a novel） 特殊被动语态： be made to do被迫使做某事 Be seen/heard/noticed to do 被看见、听到、注意到做某事 【即时训练】 1. I want ______ a new bike next month. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought 答案：B 解析：want to do为固定短语，“想要做某事”。 2. They practice ______ English every morning. A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. spoke 答案：C 解析：practice doing为固定短语，“练习做某事”。 3. The ______ boy is my younger brother. A. sleeping B. slept C. sleep D. to sleep 答案：A 解析：sleeping为现在分词作定语，“正在睡觉的男孩”。 4. She is good at ______ stories. A. write B. to write C. writing D. wrote 答案：C 解析：be good at doing为固定短语，“擅长做某事”。 5. ______ from the top of the hill, the village looks beautiful. A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. See 答案：B 解析：过去分词Seen表被动，“村庄被从山顶看”，作状语。 五、感官动词与使役动词后非谓语动词作补语 （一）感官动词（Perceptive Verbs）的宾语补足语用法 感官动词 宾语补足语 用法 结构 例句 see, hear, watch, notice, observe, feel, smell, taste 不定式（to do） 表示动作的全过程（已完成）或经常性动作。 感官动词 + 宾语 + （to）do I saw her cross the street.（我看见她穿过了马路。） He often hears the birds sing in the morning.（他经常听见鸟儿在早晨唱歌。） 现在分词（doing） 表示动作正在进行（未完成）或主动关系。 感官动词 + 宾语 + doing She noticed him crying in the corner.（她注意到他正在角落哭泣。） We could smell the food cooking.（我们能闻到食物正在烹饪的味道。） 过去分词（done） 表示动作已完成或被动关系（宾语是动作的承受者）。 感官动词 + 宾语 + done He felt his heart broken after the news.（听到消息后，他感到心碎。） I saw the letter opened on the desk.（我看见桌上的信已被拆开。） （二）使役动词（Causative Verbs）的补语用法 使役动词 宾语补足语 用法 结构 例句 make, let, have, 不定式（to do） 表示让宾语执行动作（不带 to）。 make/let/have + 宾语 + do The teacher made us copy the text.（老师让我们抄课文。） Let me help you.（让我帮你。） 现在分词（doing） 表示让宾语持续做某事（主动、进行）。 have/keep/leave + 宾语 + doing Don’t have the water running all the time.（别让水一直流着。） He kept me waiting for an hour.（他让我等了一小时。） 过去分词（done） 表示使宾语被……（被动或完成）。 have/get/make + 宾语 + done I had my hair cut yesterday.（我昨天剪了头发。） She got her computer repaired.（她把电脑修好了。） get（使、让） 不定式（to do） 需带 to，表示 “使宾语去做”。 get + 宾语 + to do I got him to finish the work.（我让他完成了工作。） （三）主语补足语（Subject Complement） 类别 要点 例句 当感官动词的被动语态中，原宾补变为主补时： 不定式需还原 to（被动语态中 to 不可省略）。 分词形式不变（主动用 doing，被动用 done）。 She was seen to cross the street.（她被看见穿过马路。） He was heard singing in the room.（有人听见他在房间里唱歌。） The food was smelled cooking in the kitchen.（有人闻到食物在厨房烹饪的味道。） 使役动词变被动语态时 make后的不定式需还原 to 主动：He made me laugh. → 被动：I was made to laugh. have/let/get的被动语态较少见，补语形式根据原结构确定 主动：She had her car washed. → 被动：Her car was had washed.（较少用） 更常见：She got her car washed. → Her car was got washed. （四）感官动词与使役动词补语用法对比表 动词类型 非谓语形式 主动语态结构 被动语态结构（主补） 含义与用法 感官动词 不定式（do） see sb do sth sb be seen to do sth 动作全过程或经常性 现在分词（doing） see sb doing sth sb be seen doing sth 动作正在进行或主动 过去分词（done） see sth done sth be seen done 动作完成或被动 使役动词 不定式（do） make sb do sth sb be made to do sth 让宾语执行动作（make/let/have 不带 to） 现在分词（doing） have sb doing sth 过去分词（done） have sth done sth be had done 使宾语被…… （五）易混淆点对比 易混点 用法及举例 感官动词后不定式与分词的区别 see sb. do 看见某人做全过程： I saw him cross the street.（看见他过马路的全过程。） see sb. doing 看见某人正在做： I saw him crossing the street.（看见他正在过马路。） 使役动词 have 的多义性 have sb. do 让某人做： I had him clean the room.（我让他打扫房间。） have sb. doing 让某人一直做： I had him cleaning the room.（我让他一直打扫房间。） have sth. done 让某事被做： I had the room cleaned.（我让房间被打扫了。） 被动语态中的 to 还原 仅当使役动词（make）或感官动词（see/hear 等）在被动语态中接不定式时，需还原 to，其他情况分词形式不变。 【即时训练】 1. The teacher made us ______ the text twice. A. read B. to read C. reading D. readed 答案：A 解析：make sb. do为固定结构，省略to，被动时还原to（如be made to do）。 2. They want their son ______ a doctor in the future. A. become B. to become C. becoming D. became 答案：B 解析：want sb. to do为固定短语，“想要某人做某事”。 3. He was made ______ the work alone. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D . finished 答案：B 解析：被动语态中，make sb. do还原为be made to do，需加to。 4. I heard her ______ in the next room just now. A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sung 答案：A 解析：hear sb. do表示“听见某人做全过程”，用省略to的不定式。 5. The boss told the workers ______ on time. A. arrive B. to arrive C. arriving D. arrived  答案：B 解析：tell sb. to do为固定结构，“告诉某人做某事”。 6. When I passed by, I heard them ______ loudly. A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked 答案：C 解析：hear sb. doing表示“听见某人正在做”，现在分词表进行。 7. The teacher found some students ______ in class. A. sleep B. to sleep C. Sleeping D. slept 答案：C 解析：find sb. doing为固定结构，“发现某人正在做”。 8. Don’t keep me ______ for too long. A. wait B. to wait C. waiting D. waited 答案：C 解析：keep sb. doing表示“让某人一直做”，现在分词表持续。 9. She saw a boy ______ across the street. A. run B. to run C. running D. runs 答案：C 解析：see sb. doing强调动作正在进行，“看见男孩正在过马路”。 10. I noticed him ______ the room quietly. A. leave B. to leave C. leaving D. left 答案：C 解析：notice sb. doing表示“注意到某人正在做”，区别于notice sb. do（全过程）。 11. I need to get my computer ______. A. repair B. to repair C. repairing D. repaired  答案：D 解析：get sth. done为固定结构，“让某物被做”，computer与repair为被动关系。 12. She had her house ______ before the party. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned 答案：D 解析：have sth. done表示“让某事被做”，house与clean为被动关系。 13. The teacher wanted the work ______ at once. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished 答案：D 解析：want sth. done中，work与finish为被动关系，用过去分词。 14. He found the door ______ when he got home. A. lock B. to lock C. locking D. locked 答案：D 解析：find sth. done表示“发现某物被……”，door与lock为被动关系。 15. They made their voices ______ by everyone. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard  答案：D 解析：make sth. done中，voices与hear为被动关系，“让声音被听见”。 语文版基础模块短语汇总 短语 含义 短语 含义 after class 课后 at first 起初 arrive in/at 到达 at the beginning of 在……开始的时候 agree with/to/on 赞同 apologize to sb 向某人道歉 apologize for sth 因为...道歉 apologize to sb for sth 因为某事向某人道歉 as soon as possible 尽快地 at the end of… 在......结尾,在......末端 as for 关于 at the beginning of 在开始的时候 as…as possible 尽可能 at midnight 在半夜 ask for 请求,要求 ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 at the same time 同时,一起 according to 根据,依照 at the age of 在 ...... 岁的时候 apply for 申请 at present 现在,目前 a great deal of 非常多，大量 be in trouble 处于困境中 at the end of 在……末端 be glad to 很高兴做 be full of /be filled with 充满，装满 be kind to 对……和蔼可亲 be popular with 受 ……..欢迎 be good for 对……有好处,有益于 be happy with 因……而高兴 be good to sb 对……好 begin with 从……开始 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 be angry with 和……生气 be famous for 因为……而著名 be famous as 作为……而著名 be busy with 忙于某事 be busy {in} doing sth 忙着做某事 be different from 不同于 be different in 在……不同 be active in… 在......中积极 be experienced in 在......有经验 be located in 坐落于 by hand 用手工 be aware of 知道,意识到 be crazy about 对……着迷 be proud of 为…而自豪, 为…而骄傲 be suitable for 适合 be experienced in 在 ...... 上有经验 be concerned about 关心 be willing to do 愿意去做 be interested in 对……感兴趣 be harmful to 对 ...... 有害 be covered with 被覆盖 be dfferent in 在……不同 be different from 与……不同 before long 不久以后 breath in 呼吸 begin with 以……开始 be afraid of sth./doing sth. 恐怕 bring about 导致，使 ...... 发生 bring ... into 引入 by plane 乘飞机 borrow …from 向……借 break down 出故障 break out （战争等）爆发 because of 因为 be dependent on /depend on 依赖，依靠 benefit from 受益于 benefit to 对........有益 by means of 通过，用，借助于 by the way 顺便问一下 brave it out 勇敢地面对人生 be good at 擅长 be willing to 愿意,乐意做 be eager to 急着要......,渴望...... be dressed in 穿着 be related to 和 ……有关 be worried about 担心，为...发愁 be helpful to 对...有帮助 come out 出来，长出，出现 come up 上来,长出来,出现 call at/ in on 拜访 come to oneself 苏醒 come out 提出，发芽 care for 照顾，照料，关怀 do harm to 对.......有害 deal with 处理问题 dream of/about 梦想 dress up 打扮起来 delight to do sth 高兴去做 delight in 沉溺于 die of /from 死于 extend to 延伸 far away 远距离,远方 earn one’s living 谋生 fall down 倒下 share … with…… 与......分享 fight with sb 和...战斗 fight for 为...而战 fight against 反对 fight off 打败 find out 发现 forget to do 忘记去做 get on with 与......相处 get angry with 与......生气 get into … trouble 使…….陷入困境 give up 放弃 get along 进展 grow up 成长 get ready for 为......做好准备 get on well with 相处好 give up 放弃 graduate from 毕业于 get addicted to 上瘾，痴迷于 go for去找 have effects on ...... 在 ...... 有影响 go for ride 开车兜风 hang up 挂起来 have difficulty (in ) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难 help sb with sth 帮助某人某事 go on to do 接下来继续做 in English 用英语 in class 课堂上 in great joy 兴高采烈地 in anger 生气地 in fact 其实，实际上 in order 按顺序 in the north 在北方 in this way 用这种方法 in low spirit 情绪低落 in sorrow 悲伤地 in need 在需求中 in style 流行 in total 总计，合计 in fashion 流行 in addition 并且,另外 in cash 现金付款 instead of 代替 in sight 用图像 in sound 用声音 in one’s opinion 依某人看来 interfere with 干涉，干扰 in responed to 为了回应 in danger 危险地 in trouble 陷入困境 in person 亲自 in return 回报 join in 参加 just like 正如 keep on doing sth. 一直不断做某事 keep on 持续 lend … to 把……借给 live with 与……一起生活 laugh at 嘲笑 look forward to 盼望，期盼 look for 寻找 leave for 动身前往 learn about 学习关于 learn from 向......学习 lose confidence 失去信心 link……to 连接 live a ... life 过 ...... 的生活 lead to 导致 long before 很久以前 mix with 混合 more or less 或多或少 make good use of 好好利用，（充分）利用 move to 搬迁,搬到 manage to do 努力去做 make mistakes 犯错误 mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味着做 next to 靠近,挨着 not … until 直到......才...... not … any more 不再 on the right 在右边 of course 当然 on foot 步行 on time 按时 on vacation 度假 on weekends /at weekends 在周末 on business 办事,出差 out of school 失学 on one’s way 在......路上 on purpose 有意,故意地 on earth 世上,终究,到底 on sale 廉价出售 on show 展示 on behalf of 为了......的利益，代表 pay for 支付 pay attention to 注意 put …into practice 付诸实践 pay off 带来好的结果,付清 participate in 参加 prepare for 为 ...... 而准备 play an important role in ... 在 ......中起重要作用 point at 指着 play a part in 在......中起作用 prepare for 为......做准备 pick up 捡起，搭乘 protect …….from 保护 quarrel with sb 和...争吵 respond to 答复 quarrel about sth with sb 因为某事和某人争吵 reply to 答复 remind sb of sth 使某人想起某物 rely on 依靠,依赖 result from 由...引起，起源于 related to 同 ...... 有关系,涉及 result in 导致，结果是 set off 燃放,出发 set a good example to 为……树立好榜样 show concern about 对......表示关心 something wrong with… ......有毛病 since then 自此之后 set up 建立 shout at 对……喊叫 show off 炫耀 settle on 出现 选定 spend time (in) doing sth 花费 ..... 做某事 stay up late 熬夜，深夜不睡 stay away from 离开，外出，缺席 succeed in 在 ...... 成功 show up 出现 supply sb with sth 为 ...... 提供 supply sth for sb 提供给...... talk with 和……交谈 suffer from 遭受 talk to 对……谈 talk about 谈论关于 tell the truth 说真话 take sb by the hand 抓住某人的手 thank for 为......而感谢 take on 烦恼，不安，激动,雇佣, think of 考虑,想起 together with 与……一起 think of sb as 认为某人是 think about 考虑 turn to 转向 think over 深思熟虑 tell of 提起 tell about 告诉关于 thank…… for 因为……而感谢 take part in 参加,参与 try one’s best to do 尽力去做 thanks to 幸亏,由于 turn on /off 打开/关闭 think over 仔细考虑 take … out of 取出 turn down/up 调大声音，拒绝/调小声音 under one’s control 在 ...... 的控制下 throw …away 扔掉 tend to 趋向 work on 从事 with the help of 在.....的帮助下 work out 想起，认为 算出 worry about 担心,担忧 work as 把……当作职业 write to sb 给某人写信 write with 用...写 wait for 等待,等候 with confidence 自信地 高教修订版基础模块短语汇总 短语 含义 短语 含义 be strict with 对……严格的 Chongyang Festival 重阳节 high school 高中 younger sister 妹妹 bus stop 公交车站 get off 下车 get to 到达 take a taxi 打车 rush hour 高峰期 shuttle bus 班车 Summer Palace 颐和园 worry about 担心…… you’d better 你最好 fitting room 试衣间 lead the way to 引向…… on sale 打折销售；减价出售 payment code 支付码 pay with 用……支付 sound like 听上去似乎 practical training 实训 help with 帮助 prepare ... for ... 使……为……做好准备 in common 共同的；共有的 invite ... to ... 邀请……参加…… look forward to 期待 need a hand (with...) 需要帮手（做……） on behalf of 代表 opening ceremony 开业典礼；开幕式 apart from 除了…… play an important role 发挥重要作用 be able to 能够 contribute to 为……做贡献 eat out 外出就餐 mineral water 矿泉水 price range 价格范围 pay attention to 注意 tend to 往往会 concentrate on 专心…… go over 复习；重温 have access to 使用；接近 log onto 登录；进入 stay up 熬夜 return to 返回 ahead of 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