Unit 1 Could you please clean your room？（话题阅读）英语鲁教版五四学制八年级上册

Unit 1 Could you please clean your room？家务与许可 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 PassageA 阅读表达 应用文 216 介绍了做家务给孩子们带来的好处，具体呈现了不同年龄段做家务的类型。 PassageB 阅读理解 说明文 206 一项新研究——孩子们可以通过做家务来提高他们的智力 真题示例 Passage1 任务型阅读 记叙文 242 本文主要介绍了作者小时候很少帮父母做家务，长大了之后理解了做家务的重要性。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 367 本文通过作者在农村的经历告诉我们：劳动教育对学生来说是必要的、有意义的。 模拟演练 Passage1 完形填空 记叙文 192 本文主要讲述了作者如何教自己的孩子“做家务”，并让她知道这是她应该做的事情。在作者看来，从小培养孩子做家务是有必要的。 Passage2 阅读理解 议论文 276 本文主要针对孩子做家务是否应获得奖励，给出了两种截然不同的观点。 Passage3 短文填空 议论文 212 本文讲述了应不应该让孩子做家务，对这个问题不同的人有不同的看法，但专家和大多数人都认为让孩子做家务是有好处的，但应注意一些问题。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 200 文章介绍了一项关于年轻人是否还需要学习日常生活技能的调查。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · Cleanliness is next to godliness. 整洁近于美德。 · A place for everything and everything in its place.物各有其所，各在其所。 · No pains, no gains. 没有付出就没有收获。 · Physical labor is a great disinfectant against all social viruses.——Marx 体力劳动是防止一切社会病毒的伟大的消毒剂。—— 马克思 · Children who do chores learn responsibility.做家务的孩子会学到责任感。 · Whoever does the labour, enjoys the fruit.谁付出劳动，谁就能享受劳动成果。 时文阅读 Passage A（做家务的重要性） Are chores so important? There are more benefits（好处）than you can imagine. Children can not only get some skills, but they can also get a sense of satisfaction, which makes them confident. According to a 75-year Harvard University’s study, children who often do the chores will have more chances to be successful. How many hours do kids do the chores at home every day? In fact, helping at home is a universal thing. Everyone in the family should play a part in doing the chores. Luckily, our country has realized the importance of labor education. People’s Daily also gives us a chore chart for kids at different ages. Chores By Age Kids aged 5 to 6 years old ♢Make the bed properly. ♢Put their own things away. ♢Learn to group things. ♢… Kids aged 7 to 9 years old ♢Do the dishes. ♢Clean their rooms. ♢Get things ready for school. ♢… Kids aged 12 years old and up ♢Deep clean their rooms. ♢Shop for the festivals. ♢Make plans for the family trip. ♢… To help children get all-around development, we cannot overlook（忽视）the importance of labor. Just as teenagers are often told, “Do your own work and get ready to help others.” Let’s start to take action now! 1．What can children get from doing the chores? （One example is OK. ） 2．In which country do kids do housework for the longest hours? 3．Can kids under 7 years old do the deep cleaning? Who can shop for the festivals? 4．What chores do you usually do at home? What do you think of doing the chores? Passage B（一项新研究——孩子们可以通过做家务来提高他们的智力） According to a new study, kids can improve their brainpower by cooking, gardening and cleaning the house. It’s a study of 207 children. Scientists have found that housework like making meals and caring for plants had something to do with planning, self-controlling and remembering things. Collected from children aged 5 to 13 in mid-2020, the results showed 86 percent of the kids put their dirty clothes in the right place and cleaned up after playing. But only 59 percent made their own beds, just 26 percent sorted clothes after washing and 10 percent helped with cooking. Older children are more likely to do housework than younger ones. Girls do more housework than boys. For example, only 49 percent of the boys but 70 percent of the girls made their own beds. Around 60 percent of the kids, including 50 percent of the boys and 61 percent of the girls, helped do the dishes. Only 34 percent of the kids aged five to seven did this, but 64 percent of those aged 11 to 13 helped. “Children who often cook a family meal may be more likely to be good at other ways of life—like schoolwork or problem-solving,” the lead researcher of the study, Ms. Tepper said. 1．According to the study, what kind of housework are the children most likely to do? A．Help cooking. B．Make their own beds. C．Clean up after playing. D．Take care of pets. 2．What can we know from Paragraph 4? A． B． C． D． 3．What is the writer’s attitude towards children doing housework? A．Supportive. B．Worried. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear. 实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （2023·湖南娄底·中考真题） 短文填空。阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空最多不超过三个单词）。 When I was in primary school, I seldom helped my parents at home. I thought I should spend my time 11 schoolwork to get good grades. My parents did all the 2 （chore）. I used to make a mess and throw my things everywhere. One day, when my mother went home after work and 3 （find）a lot of rubbish in our house, she got so mad at me. She said to me 4 （serious）, “You must do some housework every day from now on.” I talked back loudly, “It is the parents’ job 5 （provide）a clean and comfortable environment at home.” Now I’m 6 15-year-old middle school student. I have a labor（劳动）class at school every week. The teacher 7 （teach）us how to make food, tidy the room, grow some vegetables and so on. I understand that 8 （do）housework is more difficult than I used to imagine. Thinking back those old days, I regret 9 I have done before. I begin to do more housework, so my parents can have a good rest when they come back from work. They are also proud of my change. In my opinion, we children should be independent and take care of 10 （we）. Because it not only helps us learn many basic skills, but also helps us develop good habits. Passage2 （2024·新疆·中考真题）（改编） 任务型阅读。阅读短文，根据语篇内容，在方框内中填入与短文意思最符合的单词，每空一词。 What does my experience in the countryside mean to me? I didn’t understand it until I was older. When I was a little girl, my parents were busy and got back home late. I tried to do something to help. I thought a prepared dough (面团) could help my parents to cook noodles faster. At first I didn’t know that was so difficult. The dough was made either too soft or too hard. After keeping trying many times, I succeeded making a dough! I got such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I enjoyed the noodles and saw the look of joy on my parents' faces. They were proud of me. Later I learned to cook fried dishes and dumplings. Slowly, I fell in love with cooking. Besides cooking, I did much farm work in my childhood. The experience taught me a lot, though it was hard. Sometimes I shared it with my friends. They thought it was a pity that they didn't have the chance. Now students have labor (劳动) classes at school. They learn to cook some dishes, repair some things and take part in local labor, like planting and fishing. In my opinion, labor education can help students to try something new and it is necessary for their growth. The experience in the countryside means much to me. When I was a child, my parents were busy and back home late. I tried to prepare a dough to help them to cook faster. At first I didn’t know that was so 1 . I couldn’t do it well. I made the dough either too 2 or too hard. I kept trying and succeeded at last. I was pleased when enjoying the noodles and seeing the 3 of joy on my parents’ faces. They took pride in me. Then I learned to cook something different. Slowly, I 4 in love with cooking. I also did much farming and learned a lot. I shared my experience with my friends. They thought it was a pity that they didn’t have the 5 . Now students have labor classes and learn many useful skills. Labor education is necessary and meaningful for students. 模拟演练 Passage 1 （23-24八年级下·广东·期中） Although my daughter is only two years old, I let her do a few “chores”. The “chores” aren’t cleaning the house, folding the clothes or 1 the floor. When she could just walk and started to play with toys, she sometimes 2 them away because of being bored. I started to teach her to 3 these toys. Now she understands it is one of her chores. Another thing I asked her to do was to take her dishes to the 4 . Now every time she finishes her meal, she 5 and runs to the kitchen with her bowl or plate! It’s 6 ! Actually, I don’t make a “chore list” for her. However, little by little I add chores to her everyday life. Doing chores 7 a child to be responsible for what he or she does. It also helps to develop a child’s 8 . In my opinion, the earlier a kid learns to be independent, the 9 it is for his or her future. I think it’s 10 to teach children how to do some small chores, but big chores should wait until they’re older. Do you think so? 1．A．sweeping B．changing C．using D．moving 2．A．put B．threw C．gave D．kept 3．A．put on B．put out C．put off D．put away 4．A．bedroom B．kitchen C．library D．cinema 5．A．stands up B．looks up C．cuts up D．turns up 6．A．wide B．useful C．lovely D．careful 7．A．sweeps B．teaches C．fixes D．imagines 8．A．advice B．importance C．notice D．independence 9．A．worse B．older C．better D．harder 10．A．comfortable B．terrible C．difficult D．necessary Passage 2（24-25八年级下·全国） Many kids help their parents to do chores such as washing the dishes, cleaning the floors and taking out the rubbish in the house. And some kids get money or other rewards from their parents, such as playing computer games for 20 minutes. But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores. One of them is Susie Walton, a parenting educator. She believes that if kids get rewards, they will think that work isn’t worth (值得) doing unless they can get something. For example, kids won’t sweep the floor if they see it is dirty. But they will clean the floor if their parents reward them for it. Susie said, “A home is a living place for everyone in the family. It’s important for kids to see that it’s all the family members’ job to keep their homes clean.” Other people have different opinions (观点). They believe that money or other rewards can encourage (鼓励) kids to do more chores. It also teaches them a real world lesson that we need to work to make money. Now, there are also apps that encourage kids to do chores. The apps give kids points and gifts that can be used either online or in the real world. With the ChoreMonster app, kids get points after doing chores. Kids can exchange (交换) their points for real rewards, such as time to play video games or a trip to the mall. What do you think? Should kids be rewarded for doing chores? Or should kids help out with their homes without getting anything? 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving some facts. B．By giving some opinions. C．By using a teacher’s words. D．By showing his own experiences. 2．Which of the following is Susie Walton’s opinion? A．Don’t ask kids to do housework. B．Don’t reward kids for doing anything. C．Don’t give kids rewards for doing chores. D．Don’t let kids play computer games. 3．.What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How to make money by doing chores. B．The apps that encourage kids to do chores. C．How to exchange the points for real rewards. D．The good side of rewarding kids for doing chores. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of writing the text? A．To call on readers to do more chores. B．To tell readers of two different opinions. C．To invite readers to express their opinions. D．To show the writer’s views about doing chores. Passage 3 （2024八年级下·福建） Should parents ask their children to do housework? Some believe children should not do 1 (chore). They think that children have much stress from school and they are too young to cook or clean. But many people believe that children can learn a lot 2 it. Parents should help children learn to do the housework that they will have to do when they live on 3 (they) own. They also give children a sense of responsibility, importance 4 confidence. Most experts think that the housework should be suitable for children, such as 5 (sweep) the floor and taking out the rubbish. Parents shouldn’t ask a school boy to cook when he is 6 (do) his homework. If the child has activities after school, the time 7 (leave) to do housework may be short. Perhaps more housework on weekends can be 8 (help). When a child does what his parents ask him to do 9 (happy), he will probably have the feeling of growing up. Housework can be useful. It is 10 teaching tool. Parents use the tool to teach children, so that they can care for themselves some day. And please make sure parents also do housework. If parents don’t provide a clean house, children won’t find any reason to do housework. Passage 4 （25-26八年级上·河北·期末） In the age of the Internet, do young people still need to spend time learning some everyday life skills (技能)? To find the answer, we did a survey (调查) among 1,000 young people. Q: Is it important for young people to learn life skills? Q: What life skills do you want to learn? 1．What are the top three most popular life skills? ①        ②          ③     ④     ⑤ A．②④① B．②①③ C．③①⑤ D．②③④ 2．Why does Wang want to learn life skills? A．To have fun. B．To relax. C．To help parents. D．To live independently (独立地). 3．What can we learn from the survey? A．Su dislikes doing housework. B．Li doesn’t want to learn anything new. C．More than 400 people want to learn first aid. D．Over 90% of young people think they should learn life skills. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Could you please clean your room？家务与许可 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 PassageA 阅读表达 应用文 216 介绍了做家务给孩子们带来的好处，具体呈现了不同年龄段做家务的类型。 PassageB 阅读理解 说明文 206 一项新研究——孩子们可以通过做家务来提高他们的智力 真题示例 Passage1 任务型阅读 记叙文 242 本文主要介绍了作者小时候很少帮父母做家务，长大了之后理解了做家务的重要性。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 367 本文通过作者在农村的经历告诉我们：劳动教育对学生来说是必要的、有意义的。 模拟演练 Passage1 完形填空 记叙文 192 本文主要讲述了作者如何教自己的孩子“做家务”，并让她知道这是她应该做的事情。在作者看来，从小培养孩子做家务是有必要的。 Passage2 阅读理解 议论文 276 本文主要针对孩子做家务是否应获得奖励，给出了两种截然不同的观点。 Passage3 短文填空 议论文 212 本文讲述了应不应该让孩子做家务，对这个问题不同的人有不同的看法，但专家和大多数人都认为让孩子做家务是有好处的，但应注意一些问题。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 200 文章介绍了一项关于年轻人是否还需要学习日常生活技能的调查。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · Cleanliness is next to godliness. 整洁近于美德。 · A place for everything and everything in its place.物各有其所，各在其所。 · No pains, no gains. 没有付出就没有收获。 · Physical labor is a great disinfectant against all social viruses.——Marx 体力劳动是防止一切社会病毒的伟大的消毒剂。—— 马克思 · Children who do chores learn responsibility.做家务的孩子会学到责任感。 · Whoever does the labour, enjoys the fruit.谁付出劳动，谁就能享受劳动成果。 时文阅读 Passage A（做家务的重要性） Are chores so important? There are more benefits（好处）than you can imagine. Children can not only get some skills, but they can also get a sense of satisfaction, which makes them confident. According to a 75-year Harvard University’s study, children who often do the chores will have more chances to be successful. How many hours do kids do the chores at home every day? In fact, helping at home is a universal thing. Everyone in the family should play a part in doing the chores. Luckily, our country has realized the importance of labor education. People’s Daily also gives us a chore chart for kids at different ages. Chores By Age Kids aged 5 to 6 years old ♢Make the bed properly. ♢Put their own things away. ♢Learn to group things. ♢… Kids aged 7 to 9 years old ♢Do the dishes. ♢Clean their rooms. ♢Get things ready for school. ♢… Kids aged 12 years old and up ♢Deep clean their rooms. ♢Shop for the festivals. ♢Make plans for the family trip. ♢… To help children get all-around development, we cannot overlook（忽视）the importance of labor. Just as teenagers are often told, “Do your own work and get ready to help others.” Let’s start to take action now! 1．What can children get from doing the chores? （One example is OK. ） 2．In which country do kids do housework for the longest hours? 3．Can kids under 7 years old do the deep cleaning? Who can shop for the festivals? 4．What chores do you usually do at home? What do you think of doing the chores? 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第三句）Children can not only get some skills, but they can also get a sense of satisfaction, which makes them confident. 译文：孩子们不仅能获得一些技能，还能获得满足感，这让他们变得自信。 分析：本句是一个复合句。结构：not only...but also... 连接并列谓语（get some skills 和 get a sense of satisfaction）；which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 “a sense of satisfaction”，说明满足感的作用。 词汇积累 benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n. 好处 satisfaction /ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn/ n. 满足感 confident /ˈkɑ:nfɪdənt/ adj. 自信的 according to /əˈkɔ:rdɪŋ/ 根据（介词短语，后接依据） realize /ˈri:əlaɪz/ v. 意识到 labor education /ˈleɪbər ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/ 劳动教育（名词短语） universal /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsl/ adj. 普遍的 overlook /ˌoʊvərˈlʊk/ v. 忽视 【答案】 1．They can get some skills./They can get a sense of satisfaction./They can get confidence. 2．America. 3．No, they can’t. Kids aged 12 years old and up can shop for the festivals. 4．I usually take out the rubbish/fold the clothes/wash the dishes. I think doing the chores can help us get all-around development. 本题答案不唯一，言之有理且无语法错误即可。 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了做家务给孩子们带来的好处，具体呈现了不同年龄段做家务的类型。 1．根据第一段“There are more benefits than you can imagine. Children can not only get some skills, but they can also get a sense of satisfaction, which makes them confident.”可知，孩子们不仅能学习到技能，还能有满足感，让他们充满信心。所以，做家务可以得到技能或者满足感或者信心。故填They can get some skills./They can get a sense of satisfaction./They can get confidence. 2．根据第一个方框图表“America 1.2”可知，美国时间最长1.2小时。故填America。 3．根据“Kids aged 5 to 6 years old…Make the bed properly…Put their own things away…Learn to group things.”表格框可知，七岁以下有铺床，收拾自己的东西，学习分组事物，没有做深层清洁。根据“Kids aged 12 years old and up…Shop for the festivals.”表格框可知，12岁及以上可以给过节时候购物。故填No, they can’t. Kids aged 12 years old and up can shop for the festivals. 4．本题属于开放题，答案不唯一，言之有理且无语法错误即可。故填I usually take out the rubbish/fold the clothes/wash the dishes. I think doing the chores can help us get all-around development. 译文 家务真的如此重要吗？其益处远超你的想象。孩子们不仅能从中获得一些技能，还能收获满足感，这会让他们变得自信。根据哈佛大学一项长达 75 年的研究，经常做家务的孩子更有可能取得成功。 孩子们每天在家做多少小时家务呢？如图所示各个国家的调查报告。 事实上，帮忙做家务是件普遍的事。家里的每个人都应该参与其中。幸运的是，我们国家已经意识到劳动教育的重要性。《人民日报》还为不同年龄段的孩子提供了一份家务清单： 各年龄段家务清单 5-6 岁儿童 ・正确整理床铺 ・收拾好自己的物品 ・学习归类物品 • …… 7-9 岁儿童 ・洗碗 ・打扫自己的房间 ・为上学准备物品 • …… 12 岁及以上青少年 ・深度打扫房间 ・为节日采购物品 ・制定家庭旅行计划 • …… 为了帮助孩子全面发展，我们不能忽视劳动的重要性。正如常对青少年说的：“做好自己的事，准备好帮助他人。” 让我们现在就行动起来吧！ Passage B（一项新研究——孩子们可以通过做家务来提高他们的智力） According to a new study, kids can improve their brainpower by cooking, gardening and cleaning the house. It’s a study of 207 children. Scientists have found that housework like making meals and caring for plants had something to do with planning, self-controlling and remembering things. Collected from children aged 5 to 13 in mid-2020, the results showed 86 percent of the kids put their dirty clothes in the right place and cleaned up after playing. But only 59 percent made their own beds, just 26 percent sorted clothes after washing and 10 percent helped with cooking. Older children are more likely to do housework than younger ones. Girls do more housework than boys. For example, only 49 percent of the boys but 70 percent of the girls made their own beds. Around 60 percent of the kids, including 50 percent of the boys and 61 percent of the girls, helped do the dishes. Only 34 percent of the kids aged five to seven did this, but 64 percent of those aged 11 to 13 helped. “Children who often cook a family meal may be more likely to be good at other ways of life—like schoolwork or problem-solving,” the lead researcher of the study, Ms. Tepper said. 1．According to the study, what kind of housework are the children most likely to do? A．Help cooking. B．Make their own beds. C．Clean up after playing. D．Take care of pets. 2．What can we know from Paragraph 4? A． B． C． D． 3．What is the writer’s attitude towards children doing housework? A．Supportive. B．Worried. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear. 长难句解析 原句：（第二段第二句）Scientists have found that housework like making meals and caring for plants had something to do with planning, self-controlling and remembering things. 译文：科学家发现，像做饭和照料植物这样的家务与规划、自我控制和记忆能力有关。 分析：本句是一个复合句。结构：that 引导宾语从句，作 found 的宾语；like making meals... 为介词短语作后置定语，修饰 housework；had something to do with... 为固定搭配（与…… 有关）。 词汇积累 brainpower /ˈbreɪnpaʊər/ n. 脑力 gardening /ˈɡɑ:rdnɪŋ/ n. 园艺 self-controlling /ˌself kənˈtroʊlɪŋ/ adj. 自我控制的collect /kəˈlekt/ v. 收集 sort /sɔ:rt/ v. 分类 likely /ˈlaɪkli/ adj. 可能的 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家的一项新的研究——孩子们可以通过做家务来提高他们的智力。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“the results showed 86 percent of the kids put their dirty clothes in the right place and cleaned up after playing. But only 59 percent made their own beds, just 26 percent sorted clothes after washing and 10 percent helped with cooking.”可知，根据调查，孩子们最有可能在玩耍后打扫卫生。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“For example, only 49 percent of the boys but 70 percent of the girls made their own beds.”可知，49%的男孩和70%的女孩自己铺床，由此推知，选项B的图示符合文意。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“According to a new study, kids can improve their brainpower by cooking, gardening and cleaning the house.”可知，孩子们可以通过做家务来提高他们的智力。由此推知，作者对孩子们做家务的态度是支持的。故选A。 译文 这是一项针对 207 名儿童的研究。科学家发现，像做饭和照料植物这样的家务与规划、自我控制和记忆能力有关。 研究数据收集于 2020 年中期 5 至 13 岁的儿童，结果显示 86% 的孩子会把脏衣服放在合适的地方，并在玩耍后整理干净。但只有 59% 的孩子会自己铺床，仅 26% 的孩子洗完衣服后会整理衣物，10% 的孩子会帮忙做饭。 年龄较大的孩子比年幼的更可能做家务，女孩比男孩做更多家务。例如，只有 49% 的男孩会自己铺床，而 70% 的女孩会这样做。 约 60% 的孩子（包括 50% 的男孩和 61% 的女孩）帮忙洗碗。5 至 7 岁的孩子中只有 34% 这样做，但 11 至 13 岁的孩子中有 64% 会帮忙。 该研究首席研究员泰珀女士说：“经常为家人做饭的孩子可能更擅长其他生活方面 —— 比如学业或解决问题。” 话题写作佳句积累 1. Doing chores helps children develop a sense of responsibility and independence.（做家务帮助孩子培养责任感和独立性。） 2. Chores may seem small, but they shape character and build a happier home.（家务看似小事，却能塑造性格，构建更快乐的家庭。） 3. By doing housework, we can learn practical life skills that will benefit us in the long run.（通过做家务，我们可以学到实用的生活技能，这些技能会让我们长期受益。） 4. Housework is an important part of family life, teaching us the value of hard work and teamwork.（家务是家庭生活的重要组成部分，教会我们努力工作和团队合作的价值。） 5. Encouraging children to do housework from an early age can help them develop good habits and a positive attitude towards labor.（从小鼓励孩子做家务可以帮助他们养成好习惯，培养积极的劳动态度。 ） 6. “The shared experience of doing chores can strengthen family bonds and create a sense of unity and togetherness.”（共同做家务的经历可以加强家庭纽带，创造团结和在一起的感觉。） 7. Doing housework is not merely about maintaining cleanliness; it is a vital part of fostering responsibility and discipline in children.（做家务不仅仅是为了保持清洁，更是培养孩子责任感和纪律性的重要部分。） 8. Some teens think chores are boring, but they’re actually a way to prepare for real life.（一些青少年认为家务很无聊，但它们其实是为现实生活做准备。） 9. Every weekend, I roll up my sleeves and start with sweeping the floor, carefully getting rid of every bit of dust in the corners. （每个周末，我都会挽起袖子，从扫地开始，仔细清理角落里的每一点灰尘。） 10. Although doing housework can be tiring, the sense of accomplishment I get when seeing a clean and organized home is truly rewarding.（虽然做家务可能会很累，但看到一个干净整洁的家时，那种成就感真的很值得。） 11. Doing housework used to be a chore for me, but now I've come to realize it's a great way to unwind and take care of my living environment.（做家务曾经对我来说是一项苦差事，但现在我意识到这是放松身心和打理生活环境的好方法。） 实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （2023·湖南娄底·中考真题） 短文填空。阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空最多不超过三个单词）。 When I was in primary school, I seldom helped my parents at home. I thought I should spend my time 11 schoolwork to get good grades. My parents did all the 2 （chore）. I used to make a mess and throw my things everywhere. One day, when my mother went home after work and 3 （find）a lot of rubbish in our house, she got so mad at me. She said to me 4 （serious）, “You must do some housework every day from now on.” I talked back loudly, “It is the parents’ job 5 （provide）a clean and comfortable environment at home.” Now I’m 6 15-year-old middle school student. I have a labor（劳动）class at school every week. The teacher 7 （teach）us how to make food, tidy the room, grow some vegetables and so on. I understand that 8 （do）housework is more difficult than I used to imagine. Thinking back those old days, I regret 9 I have done before. I begin to do more housework, so my parents can have a good rest when they come back from work. They are also proud of my change. In my opinion, we children should be independent and take care of 10 （we）. Because it not only helps us learn many basic skills, but also helps us develop good habits. 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第二句）I thought I should spend my time on schoolwork to get good grades. 译文：我认为我应该把时间花在学习上，以取得好成绩。 分析：结构：主语（I） + 谓语（thought） + 宾语从句（I should... grades）。 spend time on sth.（花时间做某事），不定式 to get... 表目的。表示“为了取得好成绩”。 词汇积累 seldom adv. 很少（近义：rarely） chore n. 家务（复数：chores） regret v. 后悔（用法：regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事） independent adj. 独立的（反义：dependent；名词：independence） basic skills 基本技能（搭配：develop skills 培养技能） 【答案】 1．on 2．chores 3．found 4．seriously 5．to provide 6．a 7．teaches 8．doing 9．what 10．ourselves 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者小时候很少帮父母做家务，长大了之后理解了做家务的重要性。 1．句意：我想我应该把时间花在功课上以取得好成绩。spend time on sth.“花费时间在某物上”。故填on。 2．句意：我父母做所有的家务。all后加名词复数chores“家务”。故填chores。 3．句意：有一天，我妈妈下班回家，发现我们家里有很多垃圾，她对我很生气。根据“went home...”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式found“发现”。故填found。 4．句意：她严肃地对我说。此处修饰动词said用副词seriously“严肃地”。故填seriously。 5．句意：在家里提供一个干净舒适的环境是父母的工作。provide“提供”，it is one’s job to do sth.“做某事是某人的工作”。故填to provide。 6．句意：现在我是一名15岁的中学生。此处泛指“一名学生”，15以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 7．句意：老师教我们如何做饭、整理房间、种一些蔬菜等等。此处时态为一般现在时，主语是the teacher，谓语动词用单三teaches“教”。故填teaches。 8．句意：我明白做家务比我以前想象的要困难。此处作主语用动名词。故填doing。 9．句意：回想过去，我后悔以前的所作所为。句子是宾语从句，从句缺少done的宾语，用what引导宾语从句。故填what。 20．句意：在我看来，我们这些孩子应该独立，照顾好自己。根据“we children should be independent and take care of”可知是我们应该学会照顾好我们自己，用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。 Passage2 （2024·新疆·中考真题）（改编） 任务型阅读。阅读短文，根据语篇内容，在方框内中填入与短文意思最符合的单词，每空一词。 What does my experience in the countryside mean to me? I didn’t understand it until I was older. When I was a little girl, my parents were busy and got back home late. I tried to do something to help. I thought a prepared dough (面团) could help my parents to cook noodles faster. At first I didn’t know that was so difficult. The dough was made either too soft or too hard. After keeping trying many times, I succeeded making a dough! I got such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I enjoyed the noodles and saw the look of joy on my parents' faces. They were proud of me. Later I learned to cook fried dishes and dumplings. Slowly, I fell in love with cooking. Besides cooking, I did much farm work in my childhood. The experience taught me a lot, though it was hard. Sometimes I shared it with my friends. They thought it was a pity that they didn't have the chance. Now students have labor (劳动) classes at school. They learn to cook some dishes, repair some things and take part in local labor, like planting and fishing. In my opinion, labor education can help students to try something new and it is necessary for their growth. The experience in the countryside means much to me. When I was a child, my parents were busy and back home late. I tried to prepare a dough to help them to cook faster. At first I didn’t know that was so 1 . I couldn’t do it well. I made the dough either too 2 or too hard. I kept trying and succeeded at last. I was pleased when enjoying the noodles and seeing the 3 of joy on my parents’ faces. They took pride in me. Then I learned to cook something different. Slowly, I 4 in love with cooking. I also did much farming and learned a lot. I shared my experience with my friends. They thought it was a pity that they didn’t have the 5 . Now students have labor classes and learn many useful skills. Labor education is necessary and meaningful for students. 长难句解析 原句：（第二段第六句）I got such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I enjoyed the noodles and saw the look of joy on my parents' faces. 译文：当我享用面条并看到父母脸上喜悦的表情时，我获得了如此强烈的满足感。 分析：结构：主句（I got... satisfaction） + when引导的时间状语从句（并列动作：enjoyed + saw）。 重点：such... that的变式（such + 名词短语表强调），look of joy（喜悦的表情）。 词汇积累 prepared dough 揉好的面团（dough n. 面团） satisfaction n. 满足（动词：satisfy） fried dishes 炒菜（fried adj. 油炸的） labor education 劳动教育（labor n. 劳动） take pride in 以…… 为傲（同义：be proud of） meaningful adj. 有意义的（名词：meaning；反义：meaningless） 【答案】1．difficult 2．soft 3．look 4．fell 5．chance 【导语】本文通过作者在农村的经历告诉我们：劳动教育对学生来说是必要的、有意义的。 1．根据“At first I didn’t know that was so difficult.”可知，起初作者不知道做面团有这么难。difficult“难的”符合题意。故填difficult。 2．根据“The dough was made either too soft or too hard.”可知，作者做的面团不是太软就是太硬。soft“软的”符合题意。故填soft。 3．根据“I got such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I enjoyed the noodles and saw the look of joy on my parents’ faces.”可知，作者看到父母脸上喜悦的表情时，她很高兴。look“表情”符合题意。故填look。 4．根据“Slowly, I fell in love with cooking.”可知，作者爱上了做饭。fall in love with“爱上……”，固定短语。该句时态为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式fell。故填fell。 5．根据“They thought it was a pity that they didn’t have the chance.”可知，是没有机会，chance“机会”符合题意。故填chance。 模拟演练 Passage 1 （23-24八年级下·广东·期中） Although my daughter is only two years old, I let her do a few “chores”. The “chores” aren’t cleaning the house, folding the clothes or 1 the floor. When she could just walk and started to play with toys, she sometimes 2 them away because of being bored. I started to teach her to 3 these toys. Now she understands it is one of her chores. Another thing I asked her to do was to take her dishes to the 4 . Now every time she finishes her meal, she 5 and runs to the kitchen with her bowl or plate! It’s 6 ! Actually, I don’t make a “chore list” for her. However, little by little I add chores to her everyday life. Doing chores 7 a child to be responsible for what he or she does. It also helps to develop a child’s 8 . In my opinion, the earlier a kid learns to be independent, the 9 it is for his or her future. I think it’s 10 to teach children how to do some small chores, but big chores should wait until they’re older. Do you think so? 1．A．sweeping B．changing C．using D．moving 2．A．put B．threw C．gave D．kept 3．A．put on B．put out C．put off D．put away 4．A．bedroom B．kitchen C．library D．cinema 5．A．stands up B．looks up C．cuts up D．turns up 6．A．wide B．useful C．lovely D．careful 7．A．sweeps B．teaches C．fixes D．imagines 8．A．advice B．importance C．notice D．independence 9．A．worse B．older C．better D．harder 10．A．comfortable B．terrible C．difficult D．necessary 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者如何教自己的孩子“做家务”，并让她知道这是她应该做的事情。在作者看来，从小培养孩子做家务是有必要的。 1．句意：“家务”不是打扫房子、叠衣服或扫地。 sweeping扫；changing改变；using使用；moving移动。根据空后的“the floor”可知，此处表示扫地。故选A。 2．句意：当她刚刚会走路并开始玩玩具时，她有时会因为无聊而扔掉它们。 put放置；threw扔；gave给；kept保持。根据“because of being bored”可知，此处表示因为无聊而扔掉它们。throw away意为“扔掉”。故选B。 3．句意：我开始教她收拾这些玩具。 put on增加（体重）；put out扑灭；put off推迟； put away收拾，放好。根据空后的“these toys”和选项可知，此处表示放好这些玩具。故选D。 4．句意：我让她做的另一件事是把她的盘子拿到厨房去。 bedroom卧室；kitchen厨房；library图书馆；cinema电影院。根据空前的“take her dishes to the”可知，此处表示把她的盘子拿到厨房去。故选B。 5．句意：现在她每次吃完饭都会站起来，拿着她的碗或者盘子跑到厨房去！ stands up站起来；looks up查阅；cuts up切碎；turns up调高（音量）。结合选项和“she...and runs to the kitchen with her bowl or plate”可知，此处表示她站起来，拿着她的碗或者盘子跑到厨房去。故选A。 6．句意：这很可爱！ wide宽阔的；useful有用的；lovely可爱的；careful仔细的。根据上文“Now every time she finishes her meal, she...and runs to the kitchen with her bowl or plate!”可知，此处指作者认为女儿把她自己的盘子或碗拿去厨房这一行为很可爱。故选C。 7．句意：做家务教会孩子对自己的行为负责。 sweeps扫；teaches教；fixes修理；imagines想象。结合选项和“Doing chores...a child to be responsible for what he or she does.”可知，此处表示做家务教会孩子对自己的行为负责。故选B。 8．句意：这也有助于培养孩子的独立性。 advice建议；importance重要性；notice通知；independence独立性。结合选项和下文“the earlier a kid learns to be independent”可知，此处表示培养孩子的独立性。故选D。 9．句意：在我看来，孩子越早学会独立，对他或她的未来越好。 worse更差的；older更老的；better更好的；harder更难的。结合选项和“In my opinion, the earlier a kid learns to be independent, the...it is for his or her future.”可知，此处表示作者认为孩子越早学会独立，对他或她的未来越好。故选C。 10．句意：我认为教孩子们如何做一些小家务是必要，但是大家务应该等到他们大一点的时候再做。 comfortable舒适的；terrible糟糕的；difficult困难的；necessary必要的。根据上文“Although my daughter is only two years old, I let her do a few ‘chores’.”可知，作者会要求女儿做家务，所以此处应表示作者认为教孩子们如何做一些小家务是必要。故选D。 Passage 2（24-25八年级下·全国） Many kids help their parents to do chores such as washing the dishes, cleaning the floors and taking out the rubbish in the house. And some kids get money or other rewards from their parents, such as playing computer games for 20 minutes. But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores. One of them is Susie Walton, a parenting educator. She believes that if kids get rewards, they will think that work isn’t worth (值得) doing unless they can get something. For example, kids won’t sweep the floor if they see it is dirty. But they will clean the floor if their parents reward them for it. Susie said, “A home is a living place for everyone in the family. It’s important for kids to see that it’s all the family members’ job to keep their homes clean.” Other people have different opinions (观点). They believe that money or other rewards can encourage (鼓励) kids to do more chores. It also teaches them a real world lesson that we need to work to make money. Now, there are also apps that encourage kids to do chores. The apps give kids points and gifts that can be used either online or in the real world. With the ChoreMonster app, kids get points after doing chores. Kids can exchange (交换) their points for real rewards, such as time to play video games or a trip to the mall. What do you think? Should kids be rewarded for doing chores? Or should kids help out with their homes without getting anything? 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving some facts. B．By giving some opinions. C．By using a teacher’s words. D．By showing his own experiences. 2．Which of the following is Susie Walton’s opinion? A．Don’t ask kids to do housework. B．Don’t reward kids for doing anything. C．Don’t give kids rewards for doing chores. D．Don’t let kids play computer games. 3．.What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How to make money by doing chores. B．The apps that encourage kids to do chores. C．How to exchange the points for real rewards. D．The good side of rewarding kids for doing chores. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of writing the text? A．To call on readers to do more chores. B．To tell readers of two different opinions. C．To invite readers to express their opinions. D．To show the writer’s views about doing chores. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要针对孩子做家务是否应获得奖励，给出了两种截然不同的观点。 1．细节理解题。根据“Many kids help their parents to do chores such as washing the dishes, cleaning the floors and taking out the rubbish in the house.”可知，作者陈述了孩子做家务的事实。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“Susie said, ‘A home is a living place for everyone in the family. It’s important for kids to see that it’s all the family members’ job to keep their homes clean.’”可知，苏珊认为做家务是孩子的责任，不应该给他们奖励。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据“They believe that money or other rewards can encourage (鼓励) kids to do more chores.”可知，第三段主要论述给孩子奖励的好处。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“What do you think? Should kids be rewarded for doing chores? Or should kids help out with their homes without getting anything?”可知，本文的目的主要是让读者表达关于孩子做家务是否应该给报酬的看法。故选C。 Passage 3 （2024八年级下·福建） Should parents ask their children to do housework? Some believe children should not do 1 (chore). They think that children have much stress from school and they are too young to cook or clean. But many people believe that children can learn a lot 2 it. Parents should help children learn to do the housework that they will have to do when they live on 3 (they) own. They also give children a sense of responsibility, importance 4 confidence. Most experts think that the housework should be suitable for children, such as 5 (sweep) the floor and taking out the rubbish. Parents shouldn’t ask a school boy to cook when he is 6 (do) his homework. If the child has activities after school, the time 7 (leave) to do housework may be short. Perhaps more housework on weekends can be 8 (help). When a child does what his parents ask him to do 9 (happy), he will probably have the feeling of growing up. Housework can be useful. It is 10 teaching tool. Parents use the tool to teach children, so that they can care for themselves some day. And please make sure parents also do housework. If parents don’t provide a clean house, children won’t find any reason to do housework. 【答案】 1．chores 2．from 3．their 4．and 5．sweeping 6．doing 7．left 8．helpful 9．happily 10．a 【导语】本文讲述了应不应该让孩子做家务，对这个问题不同的人有不同的看法，但专家和大多数人都认为让孩子做家务是有好处的，但应注意一些问题。 1．句意：有些人认为孩子不应该做家务。chore意为“家务”，可数名词，这里用复数chores。故填chores。 2．句意：但许多人认为，孩子们可以从中学到很多东西。根据“learn a lot…it.”可知，这里是从中学到很多东西，learn a lot from意为“从……中学到了很多”。故填from。 3．句意：父母应该帮助孩子学会做他们独自生活时必须做的家务。根据“when they live on…(they) own.”可知，这里是学会做他们独自生活时必须做的家务，用they的形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 4．句意：它们还赋予孩子们责任感、重要性和信心。importance和confidence是并列关系，因此用and连接。故填and。 5．句意：大多数专家认为家务活应该适合孩子，比如扫地和倒垃圾。根据“and taking out the rubbish”可知，这里的sweep也用动名词sweeping与taking并列。故填sweeping。 6．句意：家长不应该让男孩在做作业的时候做饭。根据“when he is…(do) his homework.”可知，这里是现在进行时，需用do的现在分词doing。故填doing。 7．句意：如果孩子放学后有活动，那么做家务的时间可能会很短。根据“(leave) to do housework may be short.”可知，这里是做家务的时间可能会很短，需用leave的过去分词 left作定语。故填left。 8．句意：也许周末多做家务会有所帮助。系动词be后跟形容词，help的形容词为helpful。故填helpful。 9．句意：当一个孩子快乐地做父母要求他做的事情时，他可能会有成长的感觉。空前面的do是动词，这里用副词修饰，happy的副词为happily。故填happily。 10．句意：它是一种教学工具。根据“teaching tool”可知，这里表示泛指，teaching又是以辅音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。故填a。 Passage 4 （25-26八年级上·河北·期末） In the age of the Internet, do young people still need to spend time learning some everyday life skills (技能)? To find the answer, we did a survey (调查) among 1,000 young people. Q: Is it important for young people to learn life skills? Q: What life skills do you want to learn? 1．What are the top three most popular life skills? ①        ②          ③     ④     ⑤ A．②④① B．②①③ C．③①⑤ D．②③④ 2．Why does Wang want to learn life skills? A．To have fun. B．To relax. C．To help parents. D．To live independently (独立地). 3．What can we learn from the survey? A．Su dislikes doing housework. B．Li doesn’t want to learn anything new. C．More than 400 people want to learn first aid. D．Over 90% of young people think they should learn life skills. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一项关于年轻人是否还需要学习日常生活技能的调查。 1．细节理解题。根据“tidying and organizing (收纳)...46.2%”、“cooking...45.2%”及“doing housework...40.8%”可知，最受欢迎的三大生活技能是整理和收纳、做饭及做家务。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Wang: I don’t want to ask my parents for help all the time in my life.”可知，Wang说不想一直向父母求助，因此他想要独立生活。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据图表可知，有92.9%的人认为年轻人应该学习生活技能，选项C“超过90%的人认为年轻人应该学习生活技能”表述正确。故选D。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$