Unit 2 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（分层作业）英语外研版2019必修第二册

Unit 2 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1．__________________ 赏花 2．__________________ 为了纪念 3．__________________ 不管，不顾 4．__________________ 抱怨 5．__________________ 被寄给…… 6．__________________ 许多 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.Visitors often______________ (埋怨) about traffic jams in highways during vacations. 2.We have ______________ (自由) to decide our own career according to laws. 3. In order to ______________ (表示敬意) him for his great discoveries in medicine, we honored him as “The Father of Chinese Medicine”. 4. Everyone has ______________ (无限的) potential as long as he/ she is will to try. 5. Red______________(装饰物) can be seen everywhere during Spring Festival in China. 6. ______________ (手写的) Chinese characters can be translated into foreign languages. 7.The four classics play a vital role in the history of Chinese _____________ (文学). 三、单句语法填空。 1. We are born with ______________(free) and no one is an exception. 2. Thanks to his _____________ (participate), we won the game in the last minute. 3.Qian Xuesen is honoured _____________the “father of Chinese missiles” due to his great contribution. 4.They meet each other _____________ (regular) to discuss the following steps they will take. 5. The _____________ (starve) people in this country received food from China. 6. Her teacher warned him not_____________ (be) late again, or he would be punished. 7. We decorated our house _____________many traditional Chinese paintings such as “Fu”. 8. She always complained_____________ me about her husband for his laziness. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 这座可追溯到明代的古庙受到当地政府的保护。 The ancient temple ________________________ the Ming Dynasty is under the protection of the local government. 2. 上周日她给我们讲述的她妈妈的人生故事听起来很感人。 Her mother’s life story she told us last Sunday ________________________. 3. 我班主任的话既有趣又鼓舞人心。 My head teacher’s words ________________________. 4. 在每年的3月12日，传统的活动是植树。 On 12 March every year, ________________________. 5. 在操场打篮球的那个男孩是我们的班长。 ________________________ is our monitor. 6. 为了不吵醒那个正在睡觉的孩子，他说话声音很低。 He spoke in a low voice in order not to ________________________. 7. 至于你上次来信询问我的学习和生活，我想和你分享一下我的近况。 As for your last letter ________________________, I’d like to share with you how I’m getting along. 8. 我们昨晚看的那部电影非常感人。 The film ________________________. 五、语法填空 Festivals have a variety of 1.________ (origin), including the seasons of the year, famous figures, important events, and religions. However, no matter 2.________ different they may seem, they have the common spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace. The harvest festival is one of the most popular festivals and 3.________ (celebrate) in many cultures. People celebrate to show that they are grateful 4.________ the year’s supply of food. In some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit. In China, families gather 5.________(admire) the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival. Customs play a 6.________ (significance) role in festivals, but they can change over time. Take the Chinese Spring Festival as 7.________ example. Many Chinese big cities no longer allow firecrackers in order to avoid air pollution. These days, festivals 8.________ (become) more and more commercial, with businesses 9.________ (take) advantage of the celebrations.Festivals reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths and attitudes towards life. They are occasions 10.________ allow people to relax and enjoy life. 六、阅读理解 （24-25高一下·新疆喀什·期中）WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS? Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals. Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness. Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all. 1．What do all festivals around the world have in common? A．They all originated from religions. B．Their celebration ways are exactly the same. C．The spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace. D．They are all related to agricultural harvests. 2．Why do people celebrate the harvest festival? A．To show their sadness for the end of the harvest. B．To show their gratitude for the year’s supply of food. C．To drive away evil spirits. D．To compete with each other in sports. 3．What has happened to some festival traditions according to the text? A．Some traditions fade away and others are established. B．They have remained completely unchanged. C．They have all become more religious. D．They have all become more popular. 4．Why have many big cities in China given up the Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers? A．Because it is too expensive. B．Because it is not fun anymore. C．To follow foreign traditions. D．To avoid air pollution. 七、七选五 （2025·湖南邵阳·模拟预测）The Dragon Heads-raising Day: Customs and Symbolism The Dragon Heads-raising Day, observed on the second day of the second lunar month, symbolizes the beginning of spring plowing and the revival of all living things. 1 Rooted in the belief that the awakened dragon brings new energy, this practice transforms haircuts into a ceremony to bring good luck. 2 Beijingers eat Lvdagunr (sticky rice rolls) and spring pancakes, Shanxi locals enjoy fried dough twists, Shandong residents favor fried soy beans and dumplings, while Fuzhou natives prepare salted porridge made of sticky rice, green onion, garlic, fry dried shrimps and seafood. The festival’s popcorn tradition dates back to a Tang Dynasty legend when the Jade Emperor punished China by stopping rain for three years. 3 who secretly created rain but was trapped under a mountain with the condition: “Only the blooming of golden beans brings freedom.” Villagers later discovered corn resembled golden beans. By making popcorn that bloomed when heated, they tricked the Jade Emperor into releasing the Azure Dragon (青龙), establishing this long-lasting tradition. 4 During this period, married daughters return to their homes to accompany their parents, strengthening familial bonds while assisting with farm preparations. This tradition reflects the festival’s connection to both family values and seasonal farming schedules. The festival also enforces specific taboos. 5 Using needles is prohibited to avoid injuring the dragon’s eyes as people think the dragon will raise its head to look towards the earth, while washing clothes is discouraged in certain areas to protect the dragon’s “skin”. These practices demonstrate people’s respect for the mythical creature’s well-being. A．Needlework is strictly avoided by women. B．The Azure Dragon disobeyed his order, C．Barbershops witness unexpected crowds. D．Farmers conducted rain-seeking ceremonies. E．Daughters’ reunions meet emotional and practical needs. F．Local cooking traditions create diverse festive foods across regions. G．Southern regions prioritize rice-based special food. 八、完形填空 （2024高三上·全国·专题练习）The Qingming Festival is popularly associated with Jie Zitui, who lived in Shanxi Province in around 600 B．C． Legend has it that Jie saved his 1 lord’s life by serving a piece of meat from his own leg. When the lord succeeded in becoming the ruler of a small principality, he invited his 2 follower to join him. However, Jie 3 his invitation, preferring having a hermit’s life with his mother in the mountains. The lord didn’t want him to leave and knew Jie was obedient. Believing that he could 4 Jie out by burning the mountain, the lord 5 his men to set the forest 6 . To his astonishment, Jie chose to 7 in the mountain and was burnt to death. The lord regretted doing this. In 8 of Jie, the lord ordered all fires in every home to be 9 on the anniversary of Jie’s death. The story began the Cold Food Festival, a day when no hot food could be cooked since no fire could be lit. The Cold Food Festival occurs on the day before the Qingming Festival and is often 10 as part of it. As time passed, the Qingming Festival replaced the Cold Food Festival. Whatever practice is 11 , the basic observance of Qing Ming is to remember one’s elders by making a special 12 to visit their graves, ashes or ancestral tablets. To make the visit even more meaningful, some time should be 13 to let the young generation of family members know ancestors’ past 14 and contributions, and the story of Jie Zitui who chose 15 over capitulation (投降). 1．A．starving B．suffering C．shouting D．waiting 2．A．respectful B．faithful C．careful D．meaningful 3．A．accepted B．declined C．received D．noted 4．A．break B．attack C．force D．depress 5．A．lowered B．dug C．directed D．ordered 6．A．on fire B．on the floor C．in danger D．under protection 7．A．leave B．seize C．remain D．queue 8．A．honor B．search C．favor D．defence 9．A．got out B．put out C．given out D．figured out 10．A．considered B．thought C．looked D．taken 11．A．bonded B．observed C．admired D．founded 12．A．conversation B．speech C．happening D．effort 13．A．cost B．spent C．taken D．trusted 14．A．impressions B．schedules C．struggles D．bonuses 15．A．bully B．interest C．death D．profits 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1．__________________ 赏花 2．__________________ 为了纪念 3．__________________ 不管，不顾 4．__________________ 抱怨 5．__________________ 被寄给…… 6．__________________ 许多 【答案】 1. admire the blossoms 2. in memory of 3.regardless of 4. complain about 5. be addressed to 6. a number of 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.Visitors often______________ (埋怨) about traffic jams in highways during vacations. 2.We have ______________ (自由) to decide our own career according to laws. 3. In order to ______________ (表示敬意) him for his great discoveries in medicine, we honored him as “The Father of Chinese Medicine”. 4. Everyone has ______________ (无限的) potential as long as he/ she is will to try. 5. Red______________(装饰物) can be seen everywhere during Spring Festival in China. 6. ______________ (手写的) Chinese characters can be translated into foreign languages. 7.The four classics play a vital role in the history of Chinese _____________ (文学). 8.The ______________ (不平等) between females and males is a sensitive topic in some countries. 【答案】 1.complain 2.freedom 3.honour 4.limitless 5.decorations 6.handwritten 7.literature 8.inequality 三、单句语法填空。 1. We are born with ______________(free) and no one is an exception. 2. Thanks to his _____________ (participate), we won the game in the last minute. 3.Qian Xuesen is honoured _____________the “father of Chinese missiles” due to his great contribution. 4.They meet each other _____________ (regular) to discuss the following steps they will take. 5. The _____________ (starve) people in this country received food from China. 6. Her teacher warned him not_____________ (be) late again, or he would be punished. 7. We decorated our house _____________many traditional Chinese paintings such as “Fu”. 8. She always complained_____________ me about her husband for his laziness. 【答案】 1.Freedom 2. participation 3.as 4.regularly 5.starving 6.to be 7.with 8.to 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 这座可追溯到明代的古庙受到当地政府的保护。 The ancient temple ________________________ the Ming Dynasty is under the protection of the local government. 2. 上周日她给我们讲述的她妈妈的人生故事听起来很感人。 Her mother’s life story she told us last Sunday ________________________. 3. 我班主任的话既有趣又鼓舞人心。 My head teacher’s words ________________________. 4. 在每年的3月12日，传统的活动是植树。 On 12 March every year, ________________________. 5. 在操场打篮球的那个男孩是我们的班长。 ________________________ is our monitor. 6. 为了不吵醒那个正在睡觉的孩子，他说话声音很低。 He spoke in a low voice in order not to ________________________. 7. 至于你上次来信询问我的学习和生活，我想和你分享一下我的近况。 As for your last letter ________________________, I’d like to share with you how I’m getting along. 8. 我们昨晚看的那部电影非常感人。 The film ________________________. 【答案】 1. was made into 2. in memory of 3. regardless of 4.is regarded as 5.instead of 6.as well as 7.took place 8.complained about 9.is based on 10.is addressed to 五、语法填空 Festivals have a variety of 1.________ (origin), including the seasons of the year, famous figures, important events, and religions. However, no matter 2.________ different they may seem, they have the common spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace. The harvest festival is one of the most popular festivals and 3.________ (celebrate) in many cultures. People celebrate to show that they are grateful 4.________ the year’s supply of food. In some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit. In China, families gather 5.________(admire) the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival. Customs play a 6.________ (significance) role in festivals, but they can change over time. Take the Chinese Spring Festival as 7.________ example. Many Chinese big cities no longer allow firecrackers in order to avoid air pollution. These days, festivals 8.________ (become) more and more commercial, with businesses 9.________ (take) advantage of the celebrations.Festivals reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths and attitudes towards life. They are occasions 10.________ allow people to relax and enjoy life. 【答案】 1. origins 2. how 3. is celebrated 4. for 5. to admire 6. significant 7. an 8. are becoming 9. taking 10. that　 六、阅读理解 （24-25高一下·新疆喀什·期中）WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS? Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals. Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness. Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all. 1．What do all festivals around the world have in common? A．They all originated from religions. B．Their celebration ways are exactly the same. C．The spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace. D．They are all related to agricultural harvests. 2．Why do people celebrate the harvest festival? A．To show their sadness for the end of the harvest. B．To show their gratitude for the year’s supply of food. C．To drive away evil spirits. D．To compete with each other in sports. 3．What has happened to some festival traditions according to the text? A．Some traditions fade away and others are established. B．They have remained completely unchanged. C．They have all become more religious. D．They have all become more popular. 4．Why have many big cities in China given up the Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers? A．Because it is too expensive. B．Because it is not fun anymore. C．To follow foreign traditions. D．To avoid air pollution. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍世界各地节日的起源、共同精神、丰收节的庆祝意义、传统习俗的变化及商业化现象等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.(然而，无论它们看起来多么不同，在世界各地，分享快乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神在所有节日中都是共通的。)”可知，全球所有节日的共同之处在于都蕴含分享快乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.(人们庆祝以表达对一年粮食供应的感激之情。)”可知，人们庆祝丰收节的原因是为了表达对一年来食物供应的感恩。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会逐渐消失，而另一些传统可能会被建立起来。)”可知，一些节日传统会随着社会发展而发生变化，即有些消逝，有些被确立。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution.(一个例子是典型的中国春节习俗，燃放鞭炮驱除邪灵，庆祝新年。如今，许多大城市为了避免空气污染而放弃了这一习俗。)”可知，中国许多大城市取消春节燃放鞭炮习俗的原因是为了避免空气污染。故选D项。 七、七选五 （2025·湖南邵阳·模拟预测）The Dragon Heads-raising Day: Customs and Symbolism The Dragon Heads-raising Day, observed on the second day of the second lunar month, symbolizes the beginning of spring plowing and the revival of all living things. 1 Rooted in the belief that the awakened dragon brings new energy, this practice transforms haircuts into a ceremony to bring good luck. 2 Beijingers eat Lvdagunr (sticky rice rolls) and spring pancakes, Shanxi locals enjoy fried dough twists, Shandong residents favor fried soy beans and dumplings, while Fuzhou natives prepare salted porridge made of sticky rice, green onion, garlic, fry dried shrimps and seafood. The festival’s popcorn tradition dates back to a Tang Dynasty legend when the Jade Emperor punished China by stopping rain for three years. 3 who secretly created rain but was trapped under a mountain with the condition: “Only the blooming of golden beans brings freedom.” Villagers later discovered corn resembled golden beans. By making popcorn that bloomed when heated, they tricked the Jade Emperor into releasing the Azure Dragon (青龙), establishing this long-lasting tradition. 4 During this period, married daughters return to their homes to accompany their parents, strengthening familial bonds while assisting with farm preparations. This tradition reflects the festival’s connection to both family values and seasonal farming schedules. The festival also enforces specific taboos. 5 Using needles is prohibited to avoid injuring the dragon’s eyes as people think the dragon will raise its head to look towards the earth, while washing clothes is discouraged in certain areas to protect the dragon’s “skin”. These practices demonstrate people’s respect for the mythical creature’s well-being. A．Needlework is strictly avoided by women. B．The Azure Dragon disobeyed his order, C．Barbershops witness unexpected crowds. D．Farmers conducted rain-seeking ceremonies. E．Daughters’ reunions meet emotional and practical needs. F．Local cooking traditions create diverse festive foods across regions. G．Southern regions prioritize rice-based special food. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．B 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍中国龙抬头节日的习俗、象征意义及相关传说。 1．根据下文的“Rooted in the belief that the awakened dragon brings new energy, this practice transforms haircuts into a ceremony to bring good luck.(基于龙觉醒带来新能量的信仰，这一习俗将理发转变为带来好运的仪式。)”可知，“this practice”指代“理发”这一习俗，空格处需引出与理发相关的场景。C选项“Barbershops witness unexpected crowds.(理发店迎来意想不到的人群。)”中的“Barbershops”直接关联“haircuts”，“crowds”体现节日期间人们通过理发祈福的习俗，与下文“理发仪式”形成因果关系。故选C项。 2．根据下文列举的“Beijingers eat Lvdagunr (sticky rice rolls) and spring pancakes, Shanxi locals enjoy fried dough twists, Shandong residents favor fried soy beans and dumplings, while Fuzhou natives prepare salted porridge made of sticky rice, green onion, garlic, fry dried shrimps and seafood.(北京人吃驴打滚（糯米卷）和春饼，山西当地人喜欢吃麻花，山东居民偏爱油炸黄豆和饺子，而福州人则会准备由糯米、青葱、大蒜、炒虾米和海鲜制成的咸粥。)”可知，不同地区有各自的节日特色美食。F选项“Local cooking traditions create diverse festive foods across regions.(各地烹饪传统造就了不同地区多样化的节日美食。)”中的“diverse festive foods across regions”精准概括了北京、山西、山东、福州等地的饮食差异，“Local cooking traditions”与下文“locals”以及“natives”呼应，符合段落主旨。故选F项。 3．根据上文的“The festival’s popcorn tradition dates back to a Tang Dynasty legend when the Jade Emperor punished China by stopping rain for three years. (这个节日的爆米花传统可以追溯到一个唐代的传说，当时玉皇大帝通过三年不降雨来惩罚中国。)”及下文的“who secretly created rain but was trapped under a mountain with the condition: “Only the blooming of golden beans brings freedom.”(（某人）偷偷降雨，却因此被困在山下，并且有这样一个条件：“只有金豆开花才能获得自由。”)”可知，空格处需引出传说中违反玉帝命令的角色。B选项“The Azure Dragon disobeyed his order,(青龙违抗了他的命令，)”中的“disobeyed his order”对应上文“punished”，“The Azure Dragon”作为主语，与下文“who”引导的定语从句共同构成完整的传说逻辑，解释了爆米花习俗的起源。故选B项。 4．根据下文的“During this period, married daughters return to their homes to accompany their parents, strengthening familial bonds while assisting with farm preparations. (在这一时期，已婚女儿会回到娘家陪伴父母，在协助准备农事的同时巩固亲情纽带。)”可知，核心是“女儿回娘家”的习俗及其双重意义。E选项“Daughters’ reunions meet emotional and practical needs.(女儿团聚满足了情感和实际需求。)”中的“Daughters’ reunions”直接概括“return to their homes”，“emotional and practical needs”分别对应下文“strengthening familial bonds”和“assisting with farm preparations”，总结了习俗在家庭情感和农务协助上的作用。故选E项。 5．根据段落主题句“The festival also enforces specific taboos.(节日还有特定的禁忌。)”及下文的“Using needles is prohibited to avoid injuring the dragon’s eyes as people think the dragon will raise its head to look towards the earth, while washing clothes is discouraged in certain areas to protect the dragon’s “skin”.(人们认为龙会抬头望向大地，因此禁止使用针线以免伤到龙的眼睛；在某些地区，人们不鼓励洗衣，以保护龙的“皮肤”。)”可知，空格处需列举具体禁忌。A选项“Needlework is strictly avoided by women.(女性严格避免针线活。)”中的“Needlework”与下文“Using needles is prohibited”直接对应，“strictly avoided”强调禁忌的严格性，且“women”作为执行主体，与“用针”的行为场景相符，衔接下文“避免伤到龙眼”的解释。故选A项。 八、完形填空 （2024高三上·全国·专题练习）The Qingming Festival is popularly associated with Jie Zitui, who lived in Shanxi Province in around 600 B．C． Legend has it that Jie saved his 1 lord’s life by serving a piece of meat from his own leg. When the lord succeeded in becoming the ruler of a small principality, he invited his 2 follower to join him. However, Jie 3 his invitation, preferring having a hermit’s life with his mother in the mountains. The lord didn’t want him to leave and knew Jie was obedient. Believing that he could 4 Jie out by burning the mountain, the lord 5 his men to set the forest 6 . To his astonishment, Jie chose to 7 in the mountain and was burnt to death. The lord regretted doing this. In 8 of Jie, the lord ordered all fires in every home to be 9 on the anniversary of Jie’s death. The story began the Cold Food Festival, a day when no hot food could be cooked since no fire could be lit. The Cold Food Festival occurs on the day before the Qingming Festival and is often 10 as part of it. As time passed, the Qingming Festival replaced the Cold Food Festival. Whatever practice is 11 , the basic observance of Qing Ming is to remember one’s elders by making a special 12 to visit their graves, ashes or ancestral tablets. To make the visit even more meaningful, some time should be 13 to let the young generation of family members know ancestors’ past 14 and contributions, and the story of Jie Zitui who chose 15 over capitulation (投降). 1．A．starving B．suffering C．shouting D．waiting 2．A．respectful B．faithful C．careful D．meaningful 3．A．accepted B．declined C．received D．noted 4．A．break B．attack C．force D．depress 5．A．lowered B．dug C．directed D．ordered 6．A．on fire B．on the floor C．in danger D．under protection 7．A．leave B．seize C．remain D．queue 8．A．honor B．search C．favor D．defence 9．A．got out B．put out C．given out D．figured out 10．A．considered B．thought C．looked D．taken 11．A．bonded B．observed C．admired D．founded 12．A．conversation B．speech C．happening D．effort 13．A．cost B．spent C．taken D．trusted 14．A．impressions B．schedules C．struggles D．bonuses 15．A．bully B．interest C．death D．profits 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．C 【知识点】中国文化与节日、说明文、清明节 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了清明节与介子推的传说及其习俗演变。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：传说介子推从自己的腿上割下一块肉，救了他快要饿死的君主的命。A. starving快要饿死的；B. suffering受苦的；C. shouting大喊大叫的；D. waiting等待的。根据后文“by serving a piece of meat from his own leg”可知，介子推从自己的腿上割下一块肉，是为了救快要饿死的君主的命。故选A。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当这位君主成功成为一个小诸侯国的统治者时，他邀请他忠实的追随者加入他。A. respectful恭敬的；B. faithful忠实的；C. careful仔细的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文“Jie saved his 1 lord’s life by serving a piece of meat from his own leg”可知，介子推对君主很忠实，所以君主邀请他忠实的追随者加入他。故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，介子推拒绝了他的邀请，宁愿和母亲在山里过着隐士的生活。A. accepted接受；B. declined拒绝；C. received收到；D. noted注意到。根据后文“preferring having a hermit’s life with his mother in the mountains”可知，介子推拒绝了君主的邀请，宁愿和母亲在山里过着隐士的生活。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：君主认为他可以通过烧山来迫使介子推出来，于是命令手下放火烧山。A. break打破；B. attack攻击；C. force迫使；D. depress使沮丧。根据后文“Jie out by burning the mountain”可知，君主认为他可以通过烧山来迫使介子推出来。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. lowered降低；B. dug挖；C. directed指导；D. ordered命令。根据后文“his men to set the forest”可知，君主命令手下放火烧山。故选D。 6．考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A. on fire着火；B. on the floor在地板上；C. in danger处于危险中；D. under protection在保护下。根据上文“by burning the mountain”可知，君主命令手下放火烧山，即让森林着火。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令他惊讶的是，介子推选择留在山上，被烧死了。A. leave离开；B. seize抓住；C. remain留下；D. queue排队。根据后文“in the mountain and was burnt to death”可知，介子推选择留在山上，被烧死了。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了纪念介子推，君主下令在介子推去世周年之际，家家户户都要熄火。A. honor荣誉，纪念；B. search搜索；C. favor帮助；D. defence防御。根据后文“the lord ordered all fires in every home to be 　9 on the anniversary of Jie’s death”可知，君主下令在介子推去世周年之际，家家户户都要熄火，这是为了纪念介子推。故选A。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. got out出去；B. put out熄灭；C. given out分发；D. figured out弄清楚。根据上文“The lord regretted doing this.”可知，君主后悔烧死了介子推，所以下令家家户户都要熄火。故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：寒食节发生在清明节的前一天，通常被认为是清明节的一部分。A. considered认为；B. thought思考；C. looked看；D. taken带走。根据后文“as part of it”可知，寒食节通常被认为是清明节的一部分。故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论遵循什么习俗，清明节的基本习俗都是通过特别努力去拜访祖先的坟墓、骨灰或牌位来纪念长辈。A. bonded结合；B. observed遵循（习俗等）；C. admired钦佩；D. founded建立。根据后文“the basic observance of Qing Ming is to remember one’s elders”可知，此处指遵循清明节的习俗。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. conversation对话；B. speech演讲；C. happening事件；D. effort努力。根据后文“to visit their graves, ashes or ancestral tablets”可知，清明节的基本习俗是通过特别努力去拜访祖先的坟墓、骨灰或牌位来纪念长辈。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让这次拜访更有意义，应该花些时间让年轻一代的家庭成员了解祖先过去的奋斗和贡献，以及介子推宁死不屈的故事。A. cost花费（花费钱财）；B. spent花费（常用于spend time (in) doing sth.结构）；C. taken花费（常用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.结构）；D. trusted信任。根据前文“some time should be”可知，此处指花费时间让年轻一代的家庭成员了解祖先过去的奋斗和贡献，且主语为人，应用spend time (in) doing sth.结构。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. impressions印象；B. schedules时间表；C. struggles奋斗；D. bonuses奖金。根据前文“know ancestors’ past”和后文“and contributions”可知，此处指让年轻一代的家庭成员了解祖先过去的奋斗和贡献。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bully欺凌弱小者；B. interest兴趣；C. death死亡；D. profits利润。根据上文“in the mountain and was burnt to death”可知，介子推选择留在山上被烧死，即宁死不屈。故选C。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$