Unit 5 Into the unknown 词汇与短语学习 导学案-2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册

Unit 6 Nature in words 重点词汇与短语 Starting out & Understanding ideas 1. bury v. 将...埋在下面；埋葬，安葬；隐藏 n. 埋葬；葬礼；埋入地下 ① 把...深埋于... ② 使...陷入...中 ③ 专心致志于某事 Exercise 1. ‌We went back to Ireland for my uncle's (bury). 2. Since last month, Jim (bury) himself in his work. 3. Sometimes the traveller (bury)deep in the snow. 2. ruin n. (pl.)残垣断壁;废墟 U n.毁坏,毁灭 v. (完全地)毁坏；使破产 ① 毁坏; 严重受损; 破败不堪 ② (因无人照料)衰落,败落 ③ ...的遗迹 Exercise 1. Years of fighting have left the area ruins. 2. They just left the ancient palace fall ruin. 3. The whole town (ruin) by the flood last summer. 3. correspond v. 相一致;符合; v. 类似于;相当于; 通信 n. 记者;通讯员;通信者 ① 符合;相一致 ② 非常类似的;非常吻合 ③ 与某人通信 Exercise 1. The young man is struggling to be a war (correspond). 2. Your account of events does not correspond hers. 3. After graduation, they stopped (correspond) with each other. 4. abandon v. 遗弃,抛弃; 丢弃,离开;停止(支持/帮助) n. 放任,放纵 adj. 被遗弃的;废弃的,被丢弃的 ① 抛弃,遗弃 ② 沉湎于... ③ 尽情 放纵 Exercise 1. ‌There is a deep fear among the elderly of being abandone the care of strangers. 2. After her mother's death, she abandoned (her) to grief. 3. They sang and dance abandon at the party. 5. dismiss v. 拒绝考虑,否定； v. 解雇,开除； U n.不予考虑;摒弃; C&U n. 解雇 ① 当作...而不予考虑 ② 把某人从(职位)解雇 ③ 因...解雇某人 Exercise 1. ‌They dismissed the opinion polls(民意测验) worthless. 2. Tom claimed he was unfairly dismissed her post. 3. Employees can (dismiss) for irresponsible behaviors. 6. on top of除了...之外 在...上面 n. 顶部,顶端;上面; adj. (位置,级别,程度)最高的; ① 从上到下;彻底地 ② 在...顶端；位列第一,高居榜首 ③ 在顶层 Exercise 1. ‌An extra 700 jobs are being cut top of the 2,000 that were lost last year. 2. She would clean the house top to bottom. 3. Their offices are the top floor of the building. 7. apply...to... 把...应用于... v. 应用；申请；适用；合适 ① 申请 ② 专注于做某事；致力于做某事 ③ 评估...的重要性 Exercise 1. He has applied (he) tothis task with enthusiasm. 2. I’m going to apply membership of the club. 3. We ought to learn to apply what we learnt practical problems. Using language 8.work out解决; 找到解决办法; 制定(规定、计划等) work out的它意: ① 在健身馆健身 ② 按计划进行 ③ 算出这道数学题 Exercise 1. Thankfully, things work out as planned. 2. With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 3. Work out a solution to genetic problems. 4. The three charities met last week to try to work out a plan of action, according to English-language French newspaper the local. 9. date back to起源于...;追溯到=date from v. 始于... n. 日期; 约会 ① 确定...的日期 ② 过时的;过期的 ③ 现代的,最新的 ④ 到目前为止 ⑤ 与...有约会 Exercise 1. These plant fossils date back the age of the dinosaurs. 2. They haven't set a date their wedding yet. 3. The building, (date) from the 18th century, is now a protected historical monument. 4. To date, we (receive) over 200 replies. 10. set out 陈述；开始做某事；出发 ① 阐述某人的观点 ② 开始做某事 ③ 动身去某地 ④ 建；建立；组织；安排 ⑤ 启程；出发 Exercise 1. I’d like to set a team meeting for next week. 2. We set out Paris at 9 o’clock. 3. The next morning he hired a boat and set out (find) the well-known painter. 4. He has written a letter to China Daily to set his views. 11. look into调查;向里看 ① 指望某人做某事/提供某物 ② 期待,盼望 ③ 回忆,回顾 ④ 注意察看,留心 ⑤ 把......看作 ⑥ 浏览;识破;看穿 ⑦ 轻视,瞧不起 Exercise 1. You have to look those reports before you attend the meeting. 2. I have been looking forward hearing from you. 3. When I looked back those days, I realized I was unhappy. 4. You should not look down someone else because he is poor. 5. They are looking to specialists help. 12. fade out (声音等)渐弱/淡出 v. 逐渐消失；褪色 adj. (记忆等)褪色的 ① 从...逐渐消失 ② 逐渐减弱/消失 ③ 安静下来 Exercise 1. Now prospects for peace have already started (fade). 2. Though it is one of the (fade) memories of my life today, there are times when I remember his face clearly. 3.After 2010, the report says, the effects of the economic plan would rapidly fade . 4. Even the most important issues eventually fade your consciousness. 13.amount to 合计; 总共达到 v. 合计,共计n. 数量;金额 ① +[U]n. ...的量 ② 大量地/少量地 ③ +[U]n.+单数谓语动词 大量的... ④ +[U]n.+复数谓语动词 大量的... Exercise 1. A large amount of medicine (be)indeed needed in the earthquake-hit area. 2. Large amounts of money (be)spent on the celebration. 3. He wanted to withdraw money from the bank large amounts. 4. Their traveling expenses amount seven hundred dollars.‌ 14. run for one's life逃命 v.跑;快速移动;经营;运行;开设 熟词生义: 参加竞选;起作用,奏效;持续(last) run - - - ① 参加竞选 ② 用完;耗尽 ③ 穿过; 碰到 ④ 遇上; 陷入(困境) ⑤ 追赶, 追逐 ⑥ 缺乏;即将用尽 ⑦ 逃跑 ⑧ 迟到, 延迟, 晚了 Exercise 1. You ran Head of the Student Committee but weren’t elected. 2. Her daughter pretended not to hear what she said and kept on (run). 3. While I was walking to the store, I ran an old friend from high school. 4. We have run time. We need to hurry. 5. The battery on my phone is running , I'll need to charge it soon. 15. the unknown 不为人知的地方 adj. 未知的; 不出名的; 从未发生的 n. 未知的地方; 无名者; 未知的因素 adj. 知名的;出了名的;已知的 ① 不为某人所知的 ② 以某事闻名 ③ 为...所熟知 Exercise 1. Unknown me, they had already signed the agreement. 2. This plant has long been known its medicinal uses(药用价值). 3. Just go to the hotel reception and make yourself (know) to the receptionist. Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 16.limit v.限定;限定 n. 限制;界限; 界线;范围 adj.有限的 ① 局限于某物/某人 ② 某事没有限制 ③ 在...的范围内 Exercise 1. We only have a (limit) amount of time. 2. There is no limit how much fruit you can eat. 3. She has to work within the (limit) of a fairly tight budget. 4. The protests were not limited New York. 17. reach n. 范围;臂展;河段;边缘地带 v. 到达= = ; 伸手;够得着;增加到;提升到;达到; 实现 ① 超出...的能力范围;够不到的地方 ② 够不着 ③ 把手伸向...,接触...,向...寻求帮助 ④ =near to 在...附近;靠近... Exercise 1. I need to live reach of a hospital. 2. Keep medicines of reach of children. 3. Her death could have been prevented if there had been someone to reach out her. 4. The little girl reached and took her hand. 5. Most children stay at home they reach school age. 18. record n. 记录; 记载; v. 记录, 记载; 录制;录音;录像 ① 保持(...)记录;持有(...)记录 ② 创下新纪录 ③ 打破纪录 ④ 记录在案的; 公开发表的 ⑤ 据记载... Exercise 1. As a student, he broke the Scottish record the 100 metres. 2. The deadliest blizzard record is the 1972 blizzard in Iran. 3. Her childhood (record) in the diaries of those years. 19. explore v. 勘探；仔细检查；研究；探究 n. 考察；探测 n. 探险者；考察者 ① 探寻某物 ② 去探险 Exercise 1. The scientists (explore) ways to deal with the termites(白蚁) now. 2. I’m going to explore possibility if a part-time job. 3. The mile-deep well was originally dug to explore oil. 20. advanced adj. 高级的;先进的 v. 前进;促进;提前 n. 前进;进步 ① 向...推进/挺进 ② 先进的技术 ③ 预先；提前=ahead of time ④ 在......取得进步/进展 Exercise 1. We must reserve the plane tickets advance for the peak tourist season. 2. It’s not all that hard to build an (advance) and large vocabulary. 3. Advances medical science mean that people who would die of head injuries can now be saved. 21. lack n. 缺乏 v. 缺少; 没有 adj. 短缺的, 不足的 ① 缺乏...... ② 缺乏信心/想象力 ③ 缺乏...... ④ 因缺乏...... Exercise 1. Some students lack confidence themselves. 2. She felt nervous, increasingly (lack) in confidence about herself. 3. The charges were dropped lack of evidence. 4. The immediate problem is lack of food and water. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Into the unknown 重点词汇与短语 Starting out & Understanding ideas 1. bury v. 将...埋在下面；埋葬，安葬；隐藏 burial n. 埋葬；葬礼；埋入地下 ①be buried deep in... 把...深埋于... ②bury...in... 使...陷入...中 ③bury oneself in... 专心致志于某事 Exercise 1. ‌We went back to Ireland for my uncle's (bury). 2. Since last month, Jim (bury) himself in his work. 3. Sometimes the traveller (bury)deep in the snow. Answers 1. burial 2. has buried 3. is buried 2. ruin n. (pl.)残垣断壁;废墟 U n.毁坏,毁灭 v. (完全地)毁坏；使破产 ①be/lie in ruins 毁坏; 严重受损; 破败不堪 ②fall into ruin (因无人照料)衰落,败落 ③the ruins of... ...的遗迹 Exercise 1. Years of fighting have left the area ruins. 2. They just left the ancient palace fall ruin. 3. The whole town (ruin) by the flood last summer. Answers 1. in 2. into 3. was ruined 3. correspond v. 相一致;符合; v. 类似于;相当于; 通信 correspondent n. 记者;通讯员;通信者 ①correspond to/with 符合;相一致 ②correspond closely to 非常类似的;非常吻合 ③correspond with sb. 与某人通信 Exercise 1. The young man is struggling to be a war (correspond). 2. Your account of events does not correspond hers. 3. After graduation, they stopped (correspond) with each other. Answers: 1. correspondent 2. with 3. corresponding 4. abandon v. 遗弃,抛弃; 丢弃,离开;停止(支持/帮助) n. 放任,放纵 abandoned adj. 被遗弃的;废弃的,被丢弃的 ①abandon sb./sth. (to...) 抛弃,遗弃 ②abandon oneself to(prep.) 沉湎于... ③with abandon 尽情 放纵 Exercise 1. ‌There is a deep fear among the elderly of being abandone the care of strangers. 2. After her mother's death, she abandoned (her) to grief. 3. They sang and dance abandon at the party. Answers 1. to 2. herself 3. with 5. dismiss v. 拒绝考虑,否定； v. 解雇,开除； dismissal U n.不予考虑;摒弃; C&U n. 解雇 ①dismiss...as+adj./n. 当作...而不予考虑 ②dismiss sb. from... 把某人从(职位)解雇 ③dismiss sb. for... 因...解雇某人 Exercise 1. ‌They dismissed the opinion polls(民意测验) worthless. 2. Tom claimed he was unfairly dismissed her post. 3. Employees can (dismiss) for irresponsible behaviors. Answers 1. as 2. from 3. be dismissed 6. on top of除了...之外 在...上面 top n. 顶部,顶端;上面; adj. (位置,级别,程度)最高的; ①from top to bottom 从上到下;彻底地 ②at the top of... 在...顶端；位列第一,高居榜首 ③on the top floor 在顶层 Exercise 1. ‌An extra 700 jobs are being cut top of the 2,000 that were lost last year. 2. She would clean the house top to bottom. 3. Their offices are the top floor of the building. Answers 1. on 2. from 3. at 7. apply...to... 把...应用于... apply v. 应用；申请；适用；合适 ①apply for ... 申请 ②apply oneself to sth. 专注于做某事；致力于做某事 ③assess the importance of... 评估...的重要性 Exercise 1. He has applied (he) tothis task with enthusiasm. 2. I’m going to apply membership of the club. 3. We ought to learn to apply what we learnt practical problems. Answers 1. himself 2. for 3. to Using language 8.work out解决; 找到解决办法; 制定(规定、计划等) work out的它意: ①work out at a gym 在健身馆健身 ②work out as planned 按计划进行 ③work out the maths problem 算出这道数学题 Exercise 1. Thankfully, things work out as planned. 2. With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 3. Work out a solution to genetic problems. 4. The three charities met last week to try to work out a plan of action, according to English-language French newspaper the local. Answers 1. 进展 2. 锻炼 3. 提出 4. 制定 9. date back to起源于...;追溯到=date from date v. 始于... n. 日期; 约会 ①set/fix a date for... 确定...的日期 ②out of date 过时的;过期的 ③up to date 现代的,最新的 ④to date 到目前为止 ⑤have a date with sb. 与...有约会 Exercise 1. These plant fossils date back the age of the dinosaurs. 2. They haven't set a date their wedding yet. 3. The building, (date) from the 18th century, is now a protected historical monument. 4. To date, we (receive) over 200 replies. Answers 1. to 2. for 3. dating 4. have received 10. set out 陈述；开始做某事；出发 ①set out one’s opinion 阐述某人的观点 ②set out to do sth. 开始做某事 ③set out for sp. 动身去某地 ④set up 创建；建立；组织；安排 ⑤set off 启程；出发 Exercise 1. I’d like to set a team meeting for next week. 2. We set out Paris at 9 o’clock. 3. The next morning he hired a boat and set out (find) the well-known painter. 4. He has written a letter to China Daily to set his views. Answers 1. up 2. for 3. to find 4. out 11. look into调查;向里看 ①look to sb. to do sth./for sth. 指望某人做某事/提供某物 ②look forward to 期待,盼望 ③look back on 回忆,回顾 ④look out for 注意察看,留心 ⑤look on...as... 把......看作 ⑥look through 浏览;识破;看穿 ⑦look down on/upon 轻视,瞧不起 Exercise 1. You have to look those reports before you attend the meeting. 2. I have been looking forward hearing from you. 3. When I looked back those days, I realized I was unhappy. 4. You should not look down someone else because he is poor. 5. They are looking to specialists help. Answers 1. through 2. to 3. to 4. on/upon 5. for 12. fade out (声音等)渐弱/淡出 fade v. 逐渐消失；褪色 faded adj. (记忆等)褪色的 ①fade from... 从...逐渐消失 ②fade away 逐渐减弱/消失 ③fade down 安静下来 Exercise 1. Now prospects for peace have already started (fade). 2. Though it is one of the (fade) memories of my life today, there are times when I remember his face clearly. 3.After 2010, the report says, the effects of the economic plan would rapidly fade . 4. Even the most important issues eventually fade your consciousness. Answers 1. to fade 2. faded 3. away 4. from 13.amount to 合计; 总共达到 amount v. 合计,共计n. 数量;金额 ①the amount of... +[U]n. ...的量 ②in large/small amounts 大量地/少量地 ③a large amount of+[U]n.+单数谓语动词 大量的... ④large amounts of+[U]n.+复数谓语动词 大量的... Exercise 1. A large amount of medicine (be)indeed needed in the earthquake-hit area. 2. Large amounts of money (be)spent on the celebration. 3. He wanted to withdraw money from the bank large amounts. 4. Their traveling expenses amount seven hundred dollars.‌ Answers 1. is/was 2. are/were 3. in 4. to 14. run for one's life逃命 run v.跑;快速移动;经营;运行;开设 熟词生义: 参加竞选;起作用,奏效;持续(last) run - ran - run - running ①run for 参加竞选 ②run out (of sth.) 用完;耗尽 ③run across 穿过; 碰到 ④run into (trouble) 遇上; 陷入(困境) ⑤run after 追赶, 追逐 ⑥run low 缺乏;即将用尽 ⑦run away 逃跑 ⑧run late 迟到, 延迟, 晚了 Exercise 1. You ran Head of the Student Committee but weren’t elected. 2. Her daughter pretended not to hear what she said and kept on (run). 3. While I was walking to the store, I ran an old friend from high school. 4. We have run time. We need to hurry. 5. The battery on my phone is running , I'll need to charge it soon. Answers 1. for 2. running 3. into 4. out of 5. low 15. the unknown 不为人知的地方 unknown adj. 未知的; 不出名的; 从未发生的 n. 未知的地方; 无名者; 未知的因素 known adj. 知名的;出了名的;已知的 ①unknown to sb. 不为某人所知的 ②be known for 以某事闻名 ③be known to 为...所熟知 Exercise 1. Unknown me, they had already signed the agreement. 2. This plant has long been known its medicinal uses(药用价值). 3. Just go to the hotel reception and make yourself (know) to the receptionist. Answers 1. to 2. for 3. known Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 16.limit v.限定;限定 n. 限制;界限; 界线;范围 limited adj.有限的 ①be limited to sth./sb. 局限于某物/某人 ②there is no limit to sth. 某事没有限制 ③within the limits of... 在...的范围内 Exercise 1. We only have a (limit) amount of time. 2. There is no limit how much fruit you can eat. 3. She has to work within the (limit) of a fairly tight budget. 4. The protests were not limited New York. Answers 1. limited 2. to 3. limits 4. to 17. reach n. 范围;臂展;河段;边缘地带 reach v. 到达=get to = arrive at/in; 伸手;够得着;增加到;提升到;达到; 实现 ①beyond the reach of... 超出...的能力范围;够不到的地方 ②out of reach 够不着 ③reach out to 把手伸向...,接触...,向...寻求帮助 ④within reach of sth.=near to 在...附近;靠近... Exercise 1. I need to live reach of a hospital. 2. Keep medicines of reach of children. 3. Her death could have been prevented if there had been someone to reach out her. 4. The little girl reached and took her hand. 5. Most children stay at home they reach school age. Answers 1. within 2. out 3. to 4. out 5. until 18. record n. 记录; 记载; v. 记录, 记载; 录制;录音;录像 ①hold a record (for) 保持(...)记录;持有(...)记录 ②set a new record 创下新纪录 ③break the record 打破纪录 ④on record 记录在案的; 公开发表的 ⑤it's recorded that... 据记载... Exercise 1. As a student, he broke the Scottish record the 100 metres. 2. The deadliest blizzard record is the 1972 blizzard in Iran. 3. Her childhood (record) in the diaries of those years. Answers 1. for 2. on 3. is recorded 19. explore v. 勘探；仔细检查；研究；探究 exploration n. 考察；探测 explorer n. 探险者；考察者 ①explore for 探寻某物 ②go exploring 去探险 Exercise 1. The scientists (explore) ways to deal with the termites(白蚁) now. 2. I’m going to explore possibility if a part-time job. 3. The mile-deep well was originally dug to explore oil. Answers 1. are exploring 2. the 3. for 20. advanced adj. 高级的;先进的 advance v. 前进;促进;提前 n. 前进;进步 ①advance on/upon/towards 向...推进/挺进 ②advanced technology 先进的技术 ③in advance 预先；提前=ahead of time ④make advances in... 在......取得进步/进展 Exercise 1. We must reserve the plane tickets advance for the peak tourist season. 2. It’s not all that hard to build an (advance) and large vocabulary. 3. Advances medical science mean that people who would die of head injuries can now be saved. Answers 1. in 2. advanced 3. in 21. lack n. 缺乏 v. 缺少; 没有 lacking adj. 短缺的, 不足的 ①a lack of 缺乏...... ②lack confidence/imagination 缺乏信心/想象力 ③be lacking in 缺乏...... ④for/through lack of 因缺乏...... Exercise 1. Some students lack confidence themselves. 2. She felt nervous, increasingly (lack) in confidence about herself. 3. The charges were dropped lack of evidence. 4. The immediate problem is lack of food and water. Answers 1. in 2. lacking 3. for 4. a 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$