重点语法复习（一）2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

八升九衔接：八下重点语法复习（一） 过去进行时 一、定义 过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或时间段内正在进行的动作，强调动作在过去某时的“持续性”或“正在进行的状态”。 二、构成 1. 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 动词的现在分词（doing）+其他. 例句： I was watching TV at 7pm yesterday evening.（我昨晚七点正在看电视。） 2. 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 动词的现在分词（doing）+其他. 例句： She wasn’t doing homework at that time.（她那时没在做作业。） 3. 一般疑问句： -Was/Were + 主语 + 动词的现在分词（doing）+其他？ -Yes, 主语+was/were. -No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t. 例句： -Were they shopping when you got home? -Yes, they were. -No, they weren’t. （-当你到家时他们正在购物吗？-是的，他们正在购物。-不，他们没在购物。） 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+动词的现在分词(doing)+其他？ 例句： What were you doing when I called you this morning?（我今天早晨给你打电话时你正在干什么？） 三、常用时间状语 1. 具体时间点： at 8 p.m. last night（在昨晚八点）， at this time yesterday（昨天这时候） 2．时间段：from 7 to 9 last Saturday（上周六七点到九点），all morning yesterday（昨天整个上午） 3．泛指时间：at that time=at the moment（在那时）， just then（就在那时） 4．连词引导的从句：when/while（当…时） 4、 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行或正在发生的动作，强调动作正在进行。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态多指动作已完成。 例句： I was reading a book at that time yesterday. （昨天那个时候我正在读一本书。） I read a book yesterday. （昨天我读了一本书。） 五、When和While引导的时间状语从句 1. When的用法：既可引导短暂性动作（瞬间动词），也可引导持续性动作（延续性动词）。从句动作可与主句动作同时发生，或先于主句动作。 例句： When she arrived, I was cooking. （arrived是短暂动作，与“正在做饭”同时发生） When he finished homework, he watched TV.（finished先发生，watched后发生） 2.  While的用法：只能引导持续性动作（延续性动词），强调动作在一段时间内持续进行。从句动作与主句动作同时发生. 例句： While I was reading, my mom called.（reading是持续动作，与called同时发生） 3. 时态搭配规律 when的时态搭配： 主句过去进行时（was/were doing）+ when从句一般过去时（did），表示“主句动作进行时，从句动作突然发生”。 例句：I was walking when it rained.（我正在走路时，突然下雨了）。 while的时态搭配： 主句和从句多为进行时（过去进行时或现在进行时），强调“两个动作同时持续”。 例句：While she was singing, he was dancing.（她唱歌时，他在跳舞）。 4. 特殊用法对比 (1) when可表示“一……就……”（=as soon as） 例句：When he got home, he turned on the light.（他一到家就开灯）。 (2)  while可表示“对比转折”（非时间状语从句），此时while相当于“然而”，用于连接两个并列分句。 例句：He likes coffee while she prefers tea.（他喜欢咖啡，而她更喜欢茶）。 快速记忆技巧 when：“点时间”或“段时间”均可，时态灵活。 while：“段时间”，侧重“同时进行”，常用进行时。 过去进行时练习 一、单项选择 1. When I ______ home, my mother was cooking dinner. A. get B. got C. am getting D. was getting 2. They ______ TV at 8 o'clock last night. A. watch B. watched C. are watching D. were watching 3. While she ______ the piano, her father came back. A. plays B. played C. is playing D. was playing 4. What ______ you ______ at this time yesterday? A. did; do B. were; doing C. are; doing D. do; do 5. Tom ______ his homework when his friend called him. A. does B. did C. is doing D. was doing 6. We ______ a meeting from 2 to 4 yesterday afternoon. A. have B. had C. are having D. were having 7. ______ they ______ basketball at 3 p.m. last Sunday? A. Did; play B. Were; playing C. Do; play D. Are; playing 8. The students ______ English songs when the teacher came in. A. sing B. sang C. are singing D. were singing 9. She ______ a book while her sister ______ the violin. A. read; played B. was reading; played C. read; was playing D. was reading; was playing 10. When I saw him, he ______ on the phone. A. talks B. talked C. is talking D. was talking 11. They ______ in the river at that time last summer. A. swim B. swam C. are swimming D. were swimming 12. What was he ______ when his mother arrived? A. does B. did C. doing D. do 13. While we ______ dinner, the doorbell rang. A. have B. had C. are having D. were having 14. The children ______ games in the park when it started to rain. A. play B. played C. are playing D. were playing 15. He ______ a shower when the phone rang. A. takes B. took C. is taking D. was taking 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. While we_________(read) the story, the bell_________(ring) last night. 2.When you_________ (see)me last night, I_________(do)some washing. 3.Were you_________ (sleep) when the earthquake happened? 4.He_________ (walk) along the street when the UFO arrived. 5.They_________ (plan) a trip to Disneyland at this time yesterday. 6.They_________ (carry) a basket of apples to the school gatekeepers’ room at that time. 7.We_________ (sleep) when the UFO arrived. 8.My mother was_________ (wait) for me at the gate this time yesterday. 9.They_________ (ride) along the road when it began to rain. 10.What _________you__________ (talk) about at 7:00 yesterday evening? 11. He_________ (lie) on the ground at nine yesterday evening? 12.What_________ Jim_________ (write) when the teacher came in? 13.When she came to my home, I_________ (play) computer games. 14. She_________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others_________ (work) in the fields. 15.While Mother_________ (put) Cathy to bed, the doorbell_________ (ring). 答案 一、单项选择 1-5 BDDBD 6-10 DBDDD 11-15 DCCDD 16-20 BDDDB 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1.were reading; rang 2.saw; was doing 3.sleeping 4.was walking 5.were planning 6.were carrying 7.were sleeping 8.waiting 9.were riding 10.were;talking 11.was lying 12.was writing 13.was playing 14.didn’t want; were working 15.was putting; rang 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$