2025年安徽省中职英语一轮复习课件5 Natural Wonders in the World

2025-07-06
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基础模块3 Unit 5 Natural Wonders in the World 单元导读   本单元考查的知识点主要包括重点词汇、短语的区别及用法,重点句型的结 构和用途,直接引语和间接引语的定义以及相互转化时应注意的问题。  本单 元语法内容在对口升学考试中考查的重点是直接引语和间接引语转化时的时态变 化。词汇、短语的辨析和句型通常混合在一起,结合当前热点话题出一些高质量 词汇题,这也是近几年对口升学考试中命题的重点。在一轮复习中要能灵活运用 本单元的知识,同时有针对性地训练阅读技巧,改进学习方法,以从容面对每一 次考试。 知识精讲 精讲一 词 汇 1. experience n.经验;经历;体验;vt.经验;经历;体验 【课文再现】 Mr Li’s travel experience on the Himalayas.李先生在喜马拉雅山的旅行经历。 【归纳拓展】 (1)experience作名词,表示“经验,体验”时,是不可数名词;表示“(一 次)经历,感受”时,是可数名词。如: Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的老师。 It was a very frightening experience.这是一段令人惊恐的经历。 (2)experience作动词,表示“经历;遭受;感受;体会”。如: Today I’m going to experience the slide activities.今天我要体验一下滑行项目。 【典型例题】 (1)She has much      in teaching English. A. experienced B. experiences C. experience D. experiencing 【答案】C 【解析】句意:她在英语教学方面有丰富的经验。experience作可数名词时,译 为“(一次)经历”;作不可数名词时,译为“经验”。A、D两项分别是 experience的过去式/过去分词和现在分词。原句中缺少名词,且根据句意及 much可知,空处应用不可数名词,C项符合题意。 (2)The old man had      special      yesterday. A. /;experience B. a;experience C. an;experience D. some;experience 【答案】B 【解析】句意:昨天,这个老年人有一次特别的经历。experience作可数名词 时,译为“(一次)经历”;作不可数名词时,译为“经验”。special的发音以 辅音音素开头,故第一个空应用不定冠词a。故选B。 【现学现练】 (1)He has many unforgettable in his life. A. experiences B. experience C. experienced D. experiencing 【解析】句意:他一生中有许多难忘的经历。根据空前的many可知,空处应用 可数名词复数形式。experience译为“(一次)经历”时,是可数名词,其复数 形式为experiences。A项符合题意。 A (2)We will get in this activity. A. experience B. experiences C. an experience D. experiencing 【解析】句意:我们将在这次活动中获得经验。experience作可数名词时,译为 “(一次)经历”;作不可数名词时,译为“经验”。原句中应用名词,作动词 get的宾语。根据句意可知,此处指经验,A项符合题意。 A 2. trip n.旅行 【课文再现】 Want a trip to discover the natural world?想要来一次探索自然世界之旅吗? 【归纳拓展】 (1)trip 作名词时,意为“旅行”,其后常接to。a trip to...去……的旅行。如: They took a trip to Japan last year.他们去年去日本旅行。 (2)journey,voyage,trip,tour和travel的用法区别。 ①journey指从一个地方到另一个地方,通常指陆地上的远距离“旅行”,有时也 可以表示经常走的或长或短的“路程”,只作名词。如: They are going on a journey to a strange country.他们要去一个陌生的国家旅行。 ②voyage主要指远距离的水上旅行,也可以指空中旅行,意为“航海;航空;航 行”等,只作名词。如: She usually gets seasick during the voyage.她在航行中经常晕船。 He made a voyage to America.他航行去美国。 ③trip 强调出于娱乐或其他特定目的的短途旅行,强调目的,只作名词。如: They are planning a trip to Shanghai.他们正计划去上海旅游。 ④tour 着重指旅行线路比较曲折,常表示“(周游各地的)参观,访问,(巡回)旅游,视察,购物,演出”等意思,可作动词和名词。如: The band is on a tour of China.这支乐队在中国巡回演出。 The writer will tour the country promoting his book.这个作家将在全国巡回推销他的书。 ⑤travel通常泛指“旅行”,词义广泛,可指长期、短期的,不论何种目的,不论 使用何种交通工具的旅行,尤指长途的海外旅行。在表示抽象意义的“旅行” 时,也可使用travel。travels还可以用来表示“旅游笔记;游记”。travel可作动词 和名词。如: He was a very wealthy man who had traveled the world.他是一个非常富有的人,曾 经周游过世界。 He wrote a book about his travels.他写了本游记。 【典型例题】 (1)Our boss was on a business      . A. trip B. travel C. tour D. journey 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我们老板正在出差。trip强调出于娱乐或其他特定目的的短途旅 行,强调目的。 (2)The ship is going to make a      to the Europe. A. trip B. travel C. tour D. voyage 【答案】D 【解析】句意:这艘船将要航行去欧洲。voyage主要指远距离的水上旅行,也可 以指空中旅行,意为“航海,航空,航行”。 【现学现练】 (1)Germany is the last stop of my trip Europe. A. on B. to C. in D. at 【解析】句意:德国是我欧洲之行的最后一站。根据句意以及常识可知,德国属 于欧洲,且空后是大地点,应用介词in。 (2)The famous singer is on a of the world,holding her personal concerts. A. trip B. travel C. tour D. journey 【解析】句意:这位著名歌手正在世界巡演,举办她的个人演唱会。tour意为 “(周游各地的)参观,访问,(巡回)旅游,视察,购物,演出”。根据句意 可知,C项符合题意。 C C 3. wonder n.奇迹,奇观 【课文再现】 As one of the famous natural wonders in the world,it attracts many travelers every year.作为世界著名的自然奇观之一,它每年吸引着许多游客。 【归纳拓展】 (1)wonder用作动词时,意为“想知道,想弄明白,琢磨”。如: Goodness,I wonder if he knows.天哪,我在想他是否知道。 (2)It’s a wonder that...奇怪的是……。如: It’s a wonder that it took almost ten years.这差不多花了10年的时间,真是桩奇事。 (3)It’s no/little wonder that...难怪……。如: It’s no wonder you can’t sleep when you eat so much.你吃那么多,难怪你睡不着。 【典型例题】 (1)What are the seven      of the world? A. wonder B. wonders C. wander D. wanders 【答案】B 【解析】句意:世界七大奇迹是什么? A、B两项意为“奇迹,奇观,奇事,奇 妙之处”,C、D两项意为“漫步,闲逛”。根据题意可知,本题应用复数形式 wonders。 (2)It’s      that he failed the exam.He didn’t study at all. A. no good B. no use C. no wonder D. no problem 【答案】C 【解析】句意:难怪他考试不及格。他根本不学习。no good没有好处;no use无 用;no wonder难怪;no problem没问题。根据句意可知,C项最符合题意。 【现学现练】 (1)Stone Forest is one of the natural in the world. A. countries B. weather C. cities D. wonders 【解析】句意:石林是世界自然奇观之一。A项意为“国家”;B项意为“天气”;C项意为“城市”;D项意为“奇观”。根据句意可知,D项最符合题意。 (2)I wonder happened in the street last weekend. A. that B. what C. whether D. which 【解析】句意:我想知道上个周末街上发生了什么。A项引导名词性从句时,无实义;B项意为“什么”;C项意为“是否”;D项意为“哪一个”。B项符合题意。 D B 4. afford v.负担得起;买得起 【课文再现】 A college student in Kunming,loves travel but can’t afford to travel far away.昆明的 一名大学生,喜欢旅游,但是没钱去远方旅游。 【归纳拓展】 afford后跟名词、代词或动词不定式。如: She can’t afford a new dress.她没钱买一件新连衣裙。 I can’t afford to buy this flat.我买不起这套公寓。 【典型例题】 Can we      the new car? A. spend B. pay C. cost D. afford 【答案】D 【解析】句意:我们买得起这辆新汽车吗? A项意为“花费”;B项意为“支付”;C项意为“需付费”;D项意为“买得起”。此处指买得起,D项符合题意。 【现学现练】 (1)I can’t afford such an expensive watch. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys 【解析】句意:我买不起一块这么贵的手表。afford意为“负担得起,买得 起”,其后接名词、代词或动词不定式。C项符合题意。 (2)The house is too expensive.He can’t afford to buy ⁠. A. its B. it C. it’s D. they 【解析】句意:这幢房子太贵了。他买不起。本句缺宾语,it指代前面提到的the house。 C B 5. worth v.值得 【课文再现】 There are plenty of them all over the world worth discovering.世界上有许多自然景 观值得我们去发现。 【归纳拓展】 (1)worth adj.&n.值得,应该。其作形容词时,只能作表语。常用结构: sb./sth.be worth+n.。如: His words are worth notice.他的话值得注意。 【注意】sth.be (well)worth doing意为“(很)值得做……”,这个结构用主 动形式表示被动意义。如: This book is well worth reading.这本书很值得读。 (2)worthy adj.意为“有价值的,值得……的”,作形容词时,既可以作表语 又可以作定语。 ①be worthy of+n.。如: He is worthy of our praise.他值得我们的称赞。 ②be worthy of being done 值得做……。如: The film is worthy of being watched.这部电影值得看。 ③be worthy to be done (很)值得做……。如: The film is worthy to be watched.这部电影值得看。 【注意】be worth后可接表示价值的名词,而be worthy不可以。 (3)worthwhile adj.值得做的,值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)。其既可以作表 语又可以作定语。常用结构为be worthwhile doing/be worthwhile to do。如: It is worthwhile discussing the question again.=It is worthwhile to discuss the question again.这个问题值得再讨论一下。 【典型例题】 (1)The idea is well worth      . A. considering B. to consider C. consider D. considered 【答案】A 【解析】句意:这个想法值得考虑。be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某事”, 为固定结构。 (2)Their efforts are worthy      your support. A. to B. of C. for D. by 【答案】B 【解析】句意:他们的努力值得你的支持。be worthy of+n.意为“值得……”,为常用固定搭配。 【现学现练】 (1)The car isn’t worth ⁠. A. repair B. to repair C. repairing D. being repaired 【解析】句意:这辆汽车不值得修了。be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某事”,为固定搭配。 (2)The car isn’t worthy of ⁠. A. repair B. to repair C. repairing D. being repaired 【解析】句意:这辆汽车不值得修了。be worthy of being done 意为“值得 做……”,为固定搭配。 C D 6. allow v.允许,许可 【课文再现】 ...it is only ankle-deep—that allow visitors to walk over the lake.……它只到脚踝那 么深,游客可以在湖上漫步。 【归纳拓展】 (1)allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事。如: My boss doesn’t allow me to smoke in the office.我的老板不允许我在办公室里抽烟。 (2)sb.be allowed to do sth.某人被允许做某事。如: I’m not allowed to smoke in the office.我不被允许在办公室抽烟。 (3)allow (doing)sth.允许(做)某事。如: They allowed smoking in this room only.他们只允许在这个房间里抽烟。 【典型例题】 (1)Please allow me      my apologies. A. present B. presenting C. to present D. presented 【答案】C 【解析】句意:请允许我致歉。allow sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”, 为固定搭配。 (2)Nobody under 18 is allowed      a car. A. drive B. to drive C. drove D. driving 【答案】B 【解析】句意:未满18岁者不得开车。sb.be allowed to do sth.意为“某人被允 许做某事”,为固定搭配。 (3)As we all know,the library doesn’t allow      loudly. A. talk B. to talk C. talked D. talking 【答案】D 【解析】句意:我们都知道,图书馆不允许大声喧哗。 allow (doing)sth.意为 “允许(做)某事”,为固定搭配。 【现学现练】 (1)He doesn’t allow in the office. A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. smoked 【解析】句意:他不允许在办公室里抽烟。allow doing sth.意为“允许做某 事”,为固定搭配。 (2)She isn’t allowed out late. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed 【解析】句意:她不被允许在外面待到太晚。sb.be allowed to do sth.意为“某 人被允许做某事”,为固定搭配。 C B 7. attend v.出席,参加 【课文再现】 Mr Brown said you have a meeting to attend today.布朗先生说你今天有一场会议要 参加。 【归纳拓展】 (1)近义词join的用法。 ①指加入某个党派、团体或组织等,成为其成员之一。如: When did your brother join the army?你哥哥是什么时候参军的? ②join sb.in (doing)sth.意为“和某人一起做某事”,根据上下文,有时in (doing)sth.也可以省略。如: Will you join us in the discussion?你要参加我们的讨论吗? (2)join in,take part in和attend的区别。 ①join in多指参加小规模的活动,如球赛、游戏等,常用于日常口语。如: Why didn’t you join in the talk last night?昨晚你为什么没参加座谈? ②take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子的主语参加该项活动, 并在活动中发挥作用。如: We often take part in physical labor.我们经常参加体力劳动。 ③attend是正式用语,及物动词,意为“参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼;去上 课,上学,听报告”等。句子的主语只是去听、去看,不一定起积极作用。如: He’ll attend an important meeting tomorrow.他明天要参加一个重要的会议。 【典型例题】 (1)Will you      me for a big dinner? A. attend B. join C. join in D. take part in 【答案】B 【解析】句意:你愿意和我一起去吃一顿丰盛的晚餐吗?join sb.(in doing sth.)意为“和某人一起(做某事)”,in doing sth.可省略。 (2)He didn’t      the meeting this morning.Do you know why? A. attend B. join C. join in D. take part in 【答案】A 【解析】句意:他今天早上没有参加会议。你知道为什么吗?attend是正式用 语,表示参加会议、婚礼、典礼等较正式的活动,也可表示去上课,上学,听报 告等。 【现学现练】 (1)His elder brother the Party two years ago. A. joined B. attended C. joined in D. took part in 【解析】句意:他的哥哥两年前入了党。join 指加入某个党派、团体或组织,成 为其成员之一。 (2)Please the sports meeting actively. A. join B. attend C. join for D. take part in 【解析】句意:请积极参加运动会。take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等, 着重说明句子的主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥一定作用。 A D 8. hard adj.刻苦的,努力的 【课文再现】 He has been working so hard recently.他最近工作如此努力。 【归纳拓展】 hard与hardly的区别和用法。 (1)词性不同。 hard可作形容词或副词,而hardly只能作副词。 (2)意思不同。 hard作形容词时,意为“硬的,困难的,艰难的,刻苦的,猛力的”;作副词时, 意为“努力地,刻苦地,猛烈地”。 hardly意为“几乎不;几乎没有”。如: It’s very hard to maintain a relationship.要维持一段关系是很困难的。 The ice is as hard as rock.冰像石头一样硬。 He works hard only before exams.他只在考试前努力学习。 It is raining hard outside.You can’t go out.外面正下着大雨。你不能出去。 He can hardly speak English,can he?他几乎不会说英语,是吗? 【典型例题】 (1)The air was so cold that we could      breathe. A. hard B. hardly C. easy D. easily 【答案】B 【解析】句意:空气如此寒冷,以致我们难以呼吸。空处在动词breathe前,故 这里应用副词,hardly作副词时,译为“几乎不,几乎没有”。 (2)It’s      to learn a new language without practice. A. good B. easy C. hard D. interesting 【答案】C 【解析】句意:不练习,是很难学一门新的语言的。A项意为“好的”;B项意 为“容易的”;C项意为“难的”;D项意为“有趣的”。 【现学现练】 (1)I was too sleepy.I could keep my eyes open. A. hard B. hardly C. easy D. easily 【解析】句意:我太困了。我几乎睁不开眼睛。空处在动词keep前,故应用副 词,hardly意为“几乎不,几乎没有”,为副词。 (2)You can only succeed through working ⁠. A. soft B. easy C. hard D. heavy 【解析】句意:你只有通过努力工作,才能成功。A项意为“软的”;B项意为 “容易的”;C项意为“努力的”;D项意为“用力的”。根据句意可知,C项 符合题意。 B C 9. sound v.听起来 【课文再现】 That sounds interesting.那听起来很有意思。 【归纳拓展】 感官动词有see,look at,notice,watch,observe,listen to,hear,feel,taste等。 其具体用法如下。 (1)look/sound/smell/taste/feel+形容词,意为“看起来/听起来/闻起来/尝起来/ 摸起来……”,常用于说明主语的状态。如: His idea sounds good.他的主意听起来很好。 (2)感官动词后面也可接like,构成介词短语。如: Her idea sounds like fun.她的主意听起来很有趣。 (3)其中look,sound,feel还能构成“look/sound/feel+as if+从句”结构,意为 “看起来/听起来/感觉好像……”。如: It sounds as if somebody has broken in.听起来好像有人闯进来了。 (4)感官动词后接不带to的动词不定式和动名词的区别。 “感官动词+do”表示动作的完整性、真实性,“感官动词+doing”表示动作的连续性、进行性。如: I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调“我看见他在花园里干活”这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他正在花园里干活。(强调“我看见他正在花园里干活”这个动作) 【典型例题】 (1)It      so nice.How beautiful the music is! A. looks B. feels C. sounds D. tastes 【答案】C 【解析】句意:听起来很不错。这音乐真动听!A项意为“看起来”;B项意为 “摸起来”;C项意为“听起来”;D项意为“尝起来”。此处指听起来。 (2)The little baby looks so      with her head on. A. sweetly B. happily C. quietly D. lovely 【答案】D 【解析】句意:这个小宝宝头朝上,看起来真可爱。sweetly意为“甜美地”, 是副词;happily意为“开心地”,是副词;quietly意为“安静地”,是副词; lovely意为“可爱的”,是形容词。look为感官动词,其后应接形容词,D项符合 题意。 【现学现练】 (1)What she said made everyone ⁠. A. feel comfortably B. to feel comfortably C. feel comfortable D. to feel comfortable 【解析】句意:她说的话让每个人都感到舒服。make sb.do sth.为固定搭配, 故排除B、D两项。feel是连系动词,其后接形容词comfortable。 (2)—How nice the cakes !They must be delicious. —Let’s buy some if you want to eat. A. smell B. feel C. taste D. sound C A 【解析】句意:——这些蛋糕闻起来真香!它们一定很美味。——如果你想吃, 我们买一些吧。A项意为“闻起来”;B项意为“摸起来”;C项意为“尝起 来”;D项意为“听起来”。 精讲二 短 语 10. be famous for 因为……而著名 【课文再现】 This place is famous for its lifelike stones.这个地方以栩栩如生的石头而闻名。 【归纳拓展】 (1)辨析be famous for与be famous as。 ①形容人时,侧重不同:be famous for 表示人“以某种知识、技能、作品或特征 而出名”,be famous as 主要表示人“以某种身份或职业而出名”。如: Mo Yan is famous as a writer.莫言作为一名作家而著名。 He is famous for his skill in playing football.他以踢足球的技术而出名。 ②形容某地时,侧重不同:be famous for 表示某地“以某种特产或特征出名”, be famous as 表示某地“作为什么产地或地方而出名”。如: Hangzhou is famous as a tourist place.杭州是一个出名的旅游胜地。 Beijing is famous for many places of interest.北京以许多名胜古迹而著称。 ③形容某事时,侧重不同:be famous for 表示某事物“以其内容、特征、价值等 而为人所知”,be famous as表示某事物“以某种形式而出名”。如: This book is famous as a reference book.这本书是出名的参考书。 This grammar book is famous for its practical usage.这本语法书以其实用性而为人 所知。 (2)同义词。 ①be known as作为……而闻名。如: He is known as a successful architect.他作为一个成功的建筑家而闻名。 ②be known for 因……而出名。如: The hill is known for the temple.这座小山因那座寺庙而闻名。 ③be known to 为……所知。如: Lu Xun is known to us as a writer.鲁迅是一名为我们所知的作家。 【典型例题】 (1)Lanzhou is famous      its delicious beef noodles. A. for B. to C. as D. in 【答案】A 【解析】句意:兰州以其美味的牛肉面而闻名。be famous for可表示某地“以某 种特产或特征出名”;be famous as可表示某地“作为什么产地或地方而出 名”。 (2)Vincent is famous      a painter. A. for B. to C. as D. in 【答案】C 【解析】句意:文森特作为一名画家而出名。be famous for因……而著名;be famous to为……所知;be famous as作为……而出名。 【现学现练】 (1)Beijing the capital of China. A. is famous for B. is famous to C. is famous as D. is famous in 【解析】句意:北京作为中国的首都而闻名。be famous for因……而闻名;be famous to为……所熟知;be famous as作为……而著名。C项符合题意。 (2)He is known the people all over the world. A. for B. to C. as D. in 【解析】句意:全世界的人都认识他。be known to意为“为……所熟知”,为 固定搭配。 C B 11.260—300 feet wide and 230—260 feet deep 260—300英尺宽,230—260英尺 【课文再现】 The most impressive part of Iguassu Falls is called “The Devil’s Throat”,a U- shaped rift of 260—300 feet wide and 230—260 feet deep.伊瓜苏瀑布最令人印象 深刻的部分被称为“魔鬼之喉”,是一个260—300英尺宽,230—260英尺深的U 形裂口。 【归纳拓展】 表示长度、宽度、高度、深度等的两种不同方式。 (1)基数词+单位词+形容词。如: The classroom is 7 meters long,6 meters wide and 3 meters high.这个教室七米长, 六米宽,三米高。 (2)基数词+单位词+in+名词。如: The classroom is eight meters in length,five meters in width and three meters in height.这个教室八米长,五米宽,三米高。 【典型例题】 (1)The water is only a few inches in      . A. length B. width C. depth D. height 【答案】C 【解析】句意:水只有几英寸深。A项意为“长度”;B项意为“宽度”;C项 意为“深度”;D项意为“高度”。 (2)The table is 6 feet      and 3 feet      . A. length;width B. long;width C. length;wide D. long;wide 【答案】D 【解析】句意:这张桌子有6英尺长,3英尺宽。表示计量的固定搭配之一为“基 数词+单位词+形容词”。 【现学现练】 (1)I can’t believe the stone is 100 kg weight! A. at B. in C. on D. to 【解析】句意:我不敢相信,这块石头有100千克重!表示计量的固定搭配之一 为“基数词+单位词+in+名词”。故选B。 (2)The mountain is 1,000 meters ⁠. A. long B. wide C. deep D. high 【解析】句意:这座山有1 000米高。A项意为“长的”;B项意为“宽的”; C项意为“深的”;D项意为“高的”。 B D 12. in hospital 住院 【课文再现】 Mr Brown heard you are in hospital.布朗先生听说你住院了。 【归纳拓展】 (1)in hospital 住院;in the hospital 在医院里。一般来说,有the强调在某个地 方,没有the是强调与这个地方有关的事件。如: Mary has been in hospital for two weeks.玛丽已经住院两周了。 Tom’s father works in the hospital.汤姆的父亲在医院工作。 (2)结构类似的短语。如: go to school上学 go to the school 去学校 in office在职 in the office 在办公室里 in court在法庭上 in the court 在法院里 at table在进餐 at the table在桌子旁 【典型例题】 (1)My mother had to stay      for two weeks after the surgery(手术). A. in hospital B. in the hospital C. in office D. in the office 【答案】A 【解析】句意:手术后,我的妈妈不得不住院两周。in hospital意为“住院”; in the hospital意为“在医院里”;in office意为“在职”;in the office意为“在 办公室里”。根据句意可知,A项符合题意。 (2)Some children can read and write before they      . A. goes to school B. goes to the school C. go to school D. go to the school 【答案】C 【解析】句意:一些孩子在上学前就会读和写了。go to school意为“上学”;go to the school意为“去学校”。根据句意可知,此处表示“上学”,且主语是 they,谓语动词应用原形。故选C。 【现学现练】 (1)Children must learn to behave ⁠. A. at the table B. at table C. in the table D. in table 【解析】句意:孩子们必须学会吃饭时的规矩。at the table意为“在桌子旁”; at table 意为“用餐,吃饭”。 (2)I spend most of my day ⁠. A. in office B. on office C. in the office D. on the office 【解析】句意:我一天的大部分时间都在办公室里。in office意为“在职”;in the office意为“在办公室里”。 B C 精讲三 句 型 13. It is said that there is a story about “tablecloth”.据说关于“桌布”还有一个故事。 【归纳拓展】 一些表示“说”或“相信”的动词,如believe,consider,expect,report,say, suppose,think等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过 去分词+to do sth.”。如: It is said that...据说…… It is reported that...据报道…… It is believed that...大家相信…… It is hoped that...大家希望…… It is well known that...众所周知…… It is thought that...大家认为…… It is suggested that...据建议…… 【典型例题】       that the first chopsticks were used in China 3,000 years ago. A. Saying B. What is saying C. What is said D. It is said 【答案】D 【解析】句意:据说中国3 000年前就开始使用筷子了。It is said that...意为 “据说……”,it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的that从句。 【现学现练】 (1)It is believed riding bikes is good for our health and the environment. A. what B. which C. that D. how 【解析】句意:大家相信,骑自行车对我们的健康和环境有好处。It’s believed that...意为“大家相信……”,it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的that从句。 (2) that smoking is bad for health. A. As is known B. It is known C. As is knowing D. It is knowing C B 【解析】句意:众所周知,吸烟有害健康。It is known that...意为“众所周知……”,it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的that从句。as引导的从句一般放在句首,和主句之间用逗号隔开;或者放在句中,作为插入语,前后用逗号隔开。 (3)It is that Fuxing high-speed train can go as fast as 350 km an hour. A. report B. reporting C. to report D. reported 【解析】句意:据报道,“复兴号”高铁的速度可达每小时350千米。It is reported that...意为“据报道……”,it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的that 从句。 D 14. Seen from a distance,the high stones seem to be a “forest”.从远处看,高耸 的石头群看上去像“森林”。 【归纳拓展】 现在分词与过去分词的两大差别: (1)语态不同:现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动。 (2)时态不同:现在分词表示进行,过去分词表示完成。 【注意】分词作状语,其逻辑主语是句子主语。如: Seeing the teacher come in,all the students stood up.看到老师进来,所有的学生都 站起来了。 Grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast.这些种子在肥沃的泥土中生长得快。 【典型例题】       from above,the cars looked tiny. A. To see B. Seen C. Seeing D. Saw 【答案】B 【解析】句意:从高处往下看,汽车显得很小。分析可知,空处应用非谓语动 词,且see和the cars之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作状语。 【现学现练】 (1) another chance,I will do it better. A. Gave B. To give C. Giving D. Given 【解析】句意:如果再给我一次机会,我会做得更好。分析可知,空处应用非谓 语动词,且give和I之间是被动关系,故应用过去分词作状语。 (2) more attention,the flowers will grow better. A. Gave B. To give C. Giving D. Given 【解析】句意:如果被给予更多关注,这些花儿将长得更好。分析可知,空处应 用非谓语动词,且give和the flowers之间是被动关系,故应用过去分词作状语。 D D (3)She came in, by a group of children. A. following B. followed C. to follow D. follow 【解析】句意:她进来了,后面跟着一群孩子。分析可知,空处应用非谓语动 词,且follow和she之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作状语。 B 15. ...ten times larger than the West Lake of Hangzhou.……比杭州西湖大十倍。 【归纳拓展】 倍数表达法: (1)A+谓语+倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than+B,意为“A是B……几 倍”。如: This rope is twice longer than that one.这根绳子是那根绳子的两倍长。 (2)A+谓语+倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级+as+B,意为“A是B的几 倍”。如: Asia is about four times as large as Europe.亚洲的面积大约是欧洲的四倍。 (3)A+谓语+倍数+the size/height/length/width...+of+B,意为“A的尺寸/ 高度/长度/宽度……是B的几倍”。如: This street is four times the length of that one.这条街是那条街的四倍长。 【典型例题】 The plane flew      the kite. A. ten times highest than B. ten times higher C. ten times so high as D. ten times as high as 【答案】D 【解析】句意:飞机的飞行高度是风筝的十倍。倍数表达法之一为“倍数+as+ 形容词/副词的原级+as”,意为“……是……的几倍”,D项符合倍数表达法的 句型构成。 【现学现练】 (1)The car can run that truck. A. twice as faster than B. twice as faster as C. twice so fast as D. twice faster than 【解析】句意:这辆小汽车跑起来是那辆卡车的两倍快。倍数的表达法之一为 “倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than”,意为“……是……的几倍”,为固定 搭配。 D (2)The planet is about the earth. A. ten times the size of B. ten times bigger C. ten times as bigger as D. the size of ten times A 【解析】句意:这个星球是地球的十倍大。倍数的表达法之一为“倍数+the size/ height/length/width...+of+其他”,意为“……的尺寸/高度/长度/宽度/……是……的几倍”,为固定搭配。 16. Tell him to take it easy.告诉他别紧张。 【归纳拓展】 祈使句结构: (1)肯定句。 ①Please+动词原形+其他。如: Please come in.请进。 ②动词原形+其他。如: Open the door!开门! ③Be+形容词。如: Be quiet!安静! ④Let sb.do sth.。如: Let me do it.让我去做这件事。 (2)否定句。 ①Please+don’t+动词原形+其他。如: Please don’t come in.不要进来。 ②Don’t+动词原形+其他。如: Don’t open the door!不要开门! ③Don’t+be+形容词。如: Don’t be noisy!不要喧哗! ④Don’t let sb.do sth.。如: Don’t let me do it.不让我做这件事。 ⑤Let sb.not do sth.。如: Let me not do it.让我不要做这件事。 ⑥No+名词/动名词。如: No photos/parking!禁止拍照/停车! (3)祈使句+and+陈述句,此处and表示顺承,意为“那么”。如: Get up earlier,and you’ll catch the early bus.早点儿起床,你就能赶上早班公交车。 (4)祈使句+or+陈述句,此处or表示转折,意为“否则”。如: Work hard,or you’ll fall behind others.努力工作,否则你就会落后其他人。 【典型例题】       cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won’t C. Doesn’t D. Don’t 【答案】D 【解析】句意:交通信号灯变绿前不要过马路。祈使句的否定形式之一:Don’t +动词原形+其他。 【现学现练】 (1) me the truth,or I’ll be angry. A. Tell B. To tell C. Telling D. Told 【解析】句意:告诉我真相,否则我会生气的。根据句意和题干可知,本句为 “祈使句+or+陈述句”结构,祈使句通常以动词原形开头。 (2)The TV is too loud.Please ⁠. A. to turn it down B. turn down it C. turn it down D. to turn it down 【解析】句意:电视声音太大了。请调低一点儿。祈使句的肯定表达形式之一: (Please+)动词原形+其他。turn down意为“调低”,为“动词+副词”结 构,代词作其宾语时应位于短语中间。 A C 语法聚焦 Direct and indirect speech(直接引语和间接引语) 一、直接引语和间接引语的定义 1. 直接引语:直接引用别人的原话,并在原话前后加引号。如: He said,“It is too late.”他说:“太晚了。” 2. 间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话,多数以宾语从句的形式构成。如: He said it was too late.他说太晚了。 二、直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意的问题 1. 变人称口诀:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。 (1)“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果直接引语中的主语是第一 人称或被第一人称修饰,那么从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如: She said,“My brother wants to go with me.”她说:“我弟弟想和我一起去。” →She said her brother wanted to go with her.她说她的弟弟想和她一起去。 (2)“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若直接引语中的主语及宾语是第 二人称或被第二人称修饰,则从句的人称要跟引号外主句的宾语一致;如果引号 外的主句没有宾语,那么也可以用第一人称。如: He said to Kate,“How is your sister now?”他对凯特说:“你的妹妹现在怎么 样?” →He asked Kate how her sister was then.他问凯特她的妹妹那时怎么样。 He said,“You told me this story.” 他说:“你给我讲过这个故事。” →He said that I had told him that story.他说我给他讲过那个故事。 (3)“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时,如果直接引语中的主语 及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰,那么从句中的人称一般不需要变化。如: Mr Smith said,“Jack is a good worker.”史密斯先生说:“杰克是一名优秀的工 人。” →Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker.史密斯先生说杰克是一名优秀的工人。 2. 变时态口诀:若主句是一般现在时或一般将来时,直接引语只变人称用原句; 若主句是一般过去时,间接引语时态向后推一级。 (1)主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时,直接引语变为间接引语时, 时态一律不变。如: ①He says,“I finished the work.”他说:“我完成工作了。” →He says that he finished the work.他说他做完工作了。 ②He will say,“I have watered the flowers.”他会说:“我已经浇花了。” →He will say he has watered the flowers.他会说他已经浇花了。 (2)主句是一般过去时,直接引语在改为间接引语时,从句时态需要做相应的 调整。 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 ①He said,“I usually watch TV on Sundays.”他说:“我通常在星期天看电 视。” →He said that he usually watched TV on Sundays.他说他通常在星期天看电视。 ②He said,“I’m using the knife.”他说:“我正在用小刀。” →He said that he was using the knife.他说他正在用小刀。 ③She said,“I have not heard from him since May.”她说:“自五月份以来我就 没有收到他的来信。” →She said that she had not heard from him since May.她说自五月份以来她就没收到 他的来信。 ④He said,“I came to help you.”他说:“我来帮助你。” →He said that he had come to help me.他说他来帮助我。 ⑤He said,“I had finished my homework before supper.”他说:“晚饭前我就完 成了作业。” →He said that he had finished his homework before supper.他说晚饭前他就完成了 作业。 ⑥Zhou Lan said,“I’ll do it after class.”周兰说:“我下课后就去做。” →Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.周兰说下课后她就去做。 【注意】在以下几种情况下,在直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化。 ①直接引语是客观真理、引用格言时,时态不变。如: “The earth moves around the sun,” the teacher told us.老师告诉我们:“地球绕 太阳转动。” →The teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕太阳转动。 ②直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。如: Jack said,“John,where were you going when I met you in the street?”杰克说: “约翰,当我在街上遇到你的时候,你要去哪里?” →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.杰克问约翰当他 在街上遇到约翰的时候,他要去哪里。 ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不 变。如: Li Xiaowang said,“I was born on April 21,1980.” 李晓望说:“我是1980年4 月21日出生的。” →Li Xiaowang said he was born on April 21,1980.李晓望说他是1980年4月21日出 生的。 ④直接引语如果是一般现在时,表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,其变为间接 引语时,时态不变。如: He said,“I get up at six every morning.”他说:“我每天早上六点起床。” →He said he gets up at six every morning.他说他每天早上六点起床。 ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去式(ought to,had better,used to等)和已 经是过去式(could,should,would,might等)时,则时态不变。如: Peter said,“You had better come today.”彼得说:“你今天最好来。” →Peter said I had better go there that day.彼得说我那天最好来。 3. 指示代词、时间状语和地点状语等的相应变化。   引语 内容   直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 this/these that/those 时间状语 now then today that day tonight that night this week/month... that week/month... last week/month... the week/month...before   引语 内容   直接引语 间接引语 时间状语 two weeks/months...ago two weeks/months...before tomorrow the next day next week/month... the next week/month... 地点状语 here there 动 词 come go bring take ①He said,“I met Mr Smith this morning.”他说:“我今天早晨见到史密斯先生 了。” →He said that he had met Mr Smith that morning.他说他那天早晨见到史密斯先生了。 ②He said,“We went to the cinema yesterday.”他说:“我们昨天去电影院了。” →He said that they had gone to the cinema the day before.他说前一天他们去电影院了。 ③Lily said,“I will come back next month.”莉莉说:“我下个月回来。” →Lily said that she would go back the next month.莉莉说她下个月就回去。 ④He said,“It is nine o’clock now.”他说:“现在九点了。” →He said that it was nine o’clock then.他说那时九点了。 ⑤He said,“I haven’t seen her today.”他说:“今天我没见到她。” →He said that he hadn’t seen her that day.他说那天他没有见到她。 ⑥She said,“I went there yesterday.”她说:“昨天我去了那儿。” →She said that she had gone there the day before.她说前一天她去了那儿。 ⑦She said,“I’ll go there tomorrow.”她说:“明天我将去那儿。” →She said that she would go there the next day.她说第二天她将去那儿。 ⑧He said,“My sister was here three days ago.”他说:“我妹妹三天之前在这 儿。” →He said that his sister had been there three days before.他说他的妹妹三天之前在那儿。 ⑨She said,“I will come here this evening.”她说:“今晚我将来这儿。” →She said that she would go there that evening.她说那晚她将去那儿。 变式练习 单项选择题(从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个符合题意的最佳选项填在题 前括号里) ( D )1. The little girl said,“This flower is very beautiful and I like it.” (变 为间接引语) →The little girl said that      . A. this flower is very beautiful and I like it B. this flower was very beautiful and I liked it C. that flower is very beautiful and she like it D. that flower was very beautiful and she liked it D 【解析】句意:小女孩说:“这朵花真美呀,我喜欢它。”→小女孩说,那朵花 真美,她喜欢它。主句时态是一般过去时,直接引语在变为间接引语时,从句需 要把一般现在时改为一般过去时;根据人称变化规则“一随主”,在直接引语变 间接引语时,如果直接引语中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称修饰,那么从句中 的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化;同时,直接引语在改为间接引语时,指示 代词this要改为that。 ( B )2. He said to Lucy,“What will you do tonight?” (变为间接引语) →He asked Lucy      . A. what will she do tonight B. what she would do that night C. what she will do that night D. what she would do tonight 【解析】句意:他对露西说:“你今天晚上将干什么?”→他问露西她那天晚上 将干什么。主句时态是一般过去时,直接引语在变为间接引语时,从句需要变为 过去将来时;根据人称变化规则“二随宾”,在直接引语变间接引语时,如果直 接引语中的主语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰,则从句中的人称要跟引号外主句 的宾语一致;时间状语tonight 要变为that night。 B ( C )3. He said to me,“She’s left her book in your room.”(变为间接引语) →He told me that     . A. she has left her book in your room B. she had left her book in your room C. she has left her book in my room D. she had left her book in my room 【解析】句意:我的朋友对我说:“现在我觉得非常快乐。”→我的朋友对我 说,那时她觉得非常快乐。直接引语变为间接引语时,从句需要把一般现在时改 为一般过去时;根据人称变化规则“一随主”,在直接引语变间接引语时,如果 直接引语中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称修饰,那么从句中的人称要按照主句 中主语的人称变化;时间状语now要变为then。 C ( A )4. He said,“Columbus discovered America in 1492.”(变为间接引语) →He said      . A. Columbus discovered America in 1492 B. Columbus had discovered America in 1492 C. did Columbus discover America in 1492 D. does Columbus discover America in 1492 【解析】句意:他说:“哥伦布在1492年发现了美洲。”→他说哥伦布在1492年 发现了美洲。直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语 时,时态不变。 A ( C )5. My friend said to me,“I feel very happy now.” (变为间接引语) →My friend told me that      . A. I feel very happy now B. she feels very happy now C. she felt very happy then D. I felt very happy then 【解析】句意:我的朋友对我说:“现在我觉得非常快乐。”→我的朋友对我说 那时她觉得非常快乐。主句时态为一般过去时,直接引语在改为间接引语时,从 句中需要把一般现在时改为一般过去时;根据人称变化规则“一随主”,在直接 引语变间接引语时,如果直接引语中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称修饰,那么 从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化;直接引语在改为间接引语时,时间 状语now要改为then。 C 学以致用 一、单项选择题(从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个符合题意的最佳选项填 在题前括号里) ( B )1. (2025届安徽省中职“江淮十校”第一次联考)I went into the classroom quietly,      my Chinese teacher. A. follow B. following C. followed D. having followed 【解析】句意:我跟着我的语文老师,安静地走进了教室。分析可知,空处应用 非谓语动词,且follow和I之间是主动关系,故应用现在分词作状语。 B ( B )2. My father allowed me     after finishing my homework. A. go fishing B. to go fishing C. going fishing D. went fishing 【解析】句意:我爸爸允许我写完作业后去钓鱼。allow sb.to do sth.意为“允 许某人做某事”,为固定搭配。 ( A )3. Our children       the same school. A. attend B. join C. join in D. take part in 【解析】句意:我们的孩子上同一所学校。join指加入组织或和某人一起做某 事;join in指参加小型活动;take part in指参加并在其中发挥作用;attend是正 式用语,指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼,或去上课、上学、听报告等。 B A ( A )4. The apples grown in this area look      and sell      . A. good;well B. well;good C. good;good D. well;well 【解析】句意:这个地区种植的苹果看起来不错,卖得很好。第一个空前的动词 是连系动词,故第一个空应填形容词,作表语;第二个空前的动词是实义动词, 故第二个空应填副词,修饰动词sell。 A ( C )5. (2025届安徽省中职“江淮十校”第一次联考)The Great Wall       one of the greatest wonders in the world. A. knows as B. knows for C. is known as D. is known for 【解析】句意:长城作为世界上最伟大的奇迹之一而著名;be famous as作 为……而著名,be famous for因……而著名。 C 二、阅读理解(根据短文内容,从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个符合题意 的最佳选项填在题前括号里)   Vanuatu is an island nation in the South Pacific.It is one of the smallest countries in the world.But for those who are interested in adventure and sports,there is a lot to do.Vanuatu’s islands offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world:Volcano surfing(火山冲浪)and land diving. On Tanna Island,Mount Yasur rises 300 meters into the sky.Yasur is an active volcano and it erupts(爆发)almost every day,sometimes several times a day.For centuries,people have climbed this mountain to visit the top.Recently,people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano.Volcano surfers try to escape the erupting volcano—without getting hit by flying rocks!It’s fast,fun and dangerous— the perfect extreme sport(极限运动). Most people are familiar with bungee jumping,but do you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old?The activity,first called land diving,is part of a religious ceremony.A man ties tree vines (树藤)to his legs.He then jumps head-first from a high tower to touch the earth with the top of his head—without breaking the vine.Every spring,island natives (men only)still take part in this amazing activity. ( A )6. In Paragraph 1,what does the underlined word “those” mean? A. People. B. Animals. C. Activities. D. Islands. 【解析】根据第一段中“But for those who are interested in adventure and sports,there is a lot to do.”可知,画线单词those指“人”。 ( B )7. Vanuatu is      . A. a city B. a country C. a man D. a village 【解析】根据第一段中“Vanuatu is an island nation in the South Pacific.It is one of the smallest countries in the world.”可知,Vanuatu 是一个国家。 A B ( D )8. Why have people recently started climbing Mount Yasur? A. To climb it easily. B. To do some exercise. C. To watch snow on it. D. To surf the volcano. 【解析】根据第二段中“Recently,people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano.”可知,最近人们爬Yasur是为了进行“火山冲浪”运动。 D ( C )9. Which of the following about land diving is TRUE? A. It is not dangerous at all. B. It was first called “bungee jumping”. C. It is a traditional activity in Vanuatu. D. It came to Vanuatu from another country. 【解析】根据最后一段中“The activity,first called land diving,is part of a religious ceremony.”可知,land diving是Vanuatu当地的传统运动。故选C。 C ( B )10. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To tell people not to do dangerous sports. B. To explain what volcano surfing and land diving are. C. To talk about the world’s best volcano surfer and land diver. D. To compare activities in Vanuatu with sports in New Zealand. 【解析】文章主要介绍了火山冲浪和陆地跳水两项极限运动。 B $$

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2025年安徽省中职英语一轮复习课件5 Natural Wonders in the World
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2025年安徽省中职英语一轮复习课件5 Natural Wonders in the World
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2025年安徽省中职英语一轮复习课件5 Natural Wonders in the World
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2025年安徽省中职英语一轮复习课件5 Natural Wonders in the World
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2025年安徽省中职英语一轮复习课件5 Natural Wonders in the World
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2025年安徽省中职英语一轮复习课件5 Natural Wonders in the World
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