2025年安徽省中职英语一轮复习课件 Unit 8 Green Earth

基础模块2 Unit 8　Green Earth 单元导读 　　本单元主要考查关于绿色环保题材方面的重点词汇、重点短语的区别及 用法，熟练掌握重点句型的结构及用途，熟练掌握强调句型的种类及用法区 别，能够运用阅读技巧快速从环保题材的文本中提取正确信息，解决实际生 活中的问题。其中重点词汇的用法及辨析，强调句型的用法是对口升学考试 中的高频考点。 知识精讲 精讲一　词　汇 1. disappearance n.消失，失踪 【课文再现】 The disappearance of polar bears.北极熊的消失。 【归纳拓展】 appear v.出现；起源；出版；演出。disappear v.消失；灭绝；丢失。 disappearance n.消失，失踪。如： A rainbow appeared in the sky.天空中出现了一道彩虹。 The magician made the girl in the box disappear.魔术师让箱子里面的女孩消失了。 【典型例题】 （1）The sun  　　　　behind a cloud. A. assembled B. healed C. disappeared D. involved 【答案】C 【解析】句意：太阳消失在一片云彩后面。assemble装配；heal治愈；disappear 消失；involve包含。 （2）The man disappeared yesterday afternoon， 　　　　？ A. was he B. wasn’t he C. did he D. didn’t he 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这个男的是昨天下午消失的，不是吗？在反义疑问句中，当陈述 句部分谓语动词有否定前缀或后缀时，陈述句部分依然看作肯定句，反义疑问部 分用否定形式；由于disappeared是实义动词，并且是过去式，所以反义疑问部 分的助动词用didn’t。 【现学现练】 （1）The dinosaurs long ago. A. restored B. recycled C. melted D. disappeared 【解析】句意：恐龙在很久以前就灭绝了。restore修复；recycle回收利用；melt 融化；disappear消失，灭绝。根据句意可知，disappeared符合题意。 （2）She dislikes eating apples， she？ A. is B. isn’t C. does D. doesn’t D D 【解析】句意：她不喜欢吃苹果，不是吗？在反义疑问句中，当陈述句部分谓语 动词有否定前缀或后缀时，陈述部分依然看作肯定句，反义疑问部分用否定形 式；由于dislike是实义动词，并且句子时态为一般现在时，所以反义疑问部分的 助动词用doesn’t。 2. effect n.影响；印象 【课文再现】 Effects on animals...对动物的影响…… 【归纳拓展】 （1）have a（n）...effect on 对……有……影响/效果。如： The weather had a big effect on her mood.天气对她的心情有很大影响。 （2）no effect 无效果；没有作用。如： We warned them，but to no effect.我们曾经告诫过他们，但没起到任何作用。 （3）in effect 实际上；生效。 （4）negative effect 负面影响。 （5）positive effect 积极影响。 （6）side effect 副作用。 （7）affect v.影响；使感染。 【典型例题】 （1）Smoking  　　　　your health. A. affect B. affects C. effect D. effects 【答案】B 【解析】句意：吸烟影响你的健康。句子缺少谓语，C、D两项是名词，不能作谓语，故排除。又由于主语Smoking是动名词，其作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 （2）Playing computer games too much will have a bad  　　　　on your study. A. affect B. affects C. effect D. effects 【答案】C 【解析】句意：玩太多电脑游戏将对你的学习有不良影响。句子缺少宾语，A、 B两项是动词，不能作宾语，所以排除。又由于宾语前有冠词a修饰，所以用单 数可数名词。 【现学现练】 （1）The noise from the coming and going cars on the road our study. A. affect B. affecting C. affects D. effect 【解析】句意：路上来来往往的车辆所产生的噪声影响了我们的学习。由于 主语The noise是第三人称单数形式，且句子时态为一般现在时，谓语动词 用单数形式。 （2）Her mother had a big effect her. A. to B. for C. on D. in 【解析】句意：她妈妈对她有很大的影响。have an effect on对……有影响/效果。 C C 3. pollution n.污染 【课文再现】 Exchange ideas about solutions to pollution problems.就污染问题的解决方 案交换意见。 【归纳拓展】 与pollution 相关的短语。 white pollution白色污染 water pollution水质污染 air pollution空气污染 noise pollution噪声污染 environmental pollution 环境污染 soil pollution土壤污染 【典型例题】 （1）We need more laws to stop  　　　　. A. pollute B. polluted C. pollution D. polluter 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们需要更多的法律来阻止污染。stop后缺少宾语，作宾语的是 名词或相当于名词的词，故排除A、B两项。polluter意为“污染者”，不符合题 意，故排除D项。 （2）Most people don’t realize that they are breathing  　　　　air. A. pollute B. polluted C. polluting D. pollution 【答案】B 【解析】句意：大多数人并没有意识到他们正在呼吸被污染过的空气。动词的过 去分词作定语修饰名词表达两种含义：一是被动，二是动作已经完成。 【现学现练】 （1） is threatening marine（海洋的）life. A. Pollute B. Polluted C. Pollution D. Polluter 【解析】句意：污染正在威胁着海洋生物。题中缺少主语，在A、B、C、D四个 选项中，能作主语的只有C、D两项。根据句意可知，C项符合题意。 （2）Water is bad for our health. A. pollution B. polluted C. pollute D. polluting 【解析】句意：水污染对我们的健康有害。分析可知，空处应填名词，在句中作 主语。water pollution水污染。 C A 4. protect v.保护 【课文再现】 ...I realized the importance of protecting the environment.……我意识到保护环境 的重要性。 【归纳拓展】 （1）protect v.保护。protection n.保护。如： How do they protect themselves？他们是如何保护自己的？ （2）protect...from/against...保护……以防……。如： You should put up your coat to protect you from the cold.你应该穿上外套来御寒。 【典型例题】 （1）Something must be done to protect the environment  　　　　being polluted. A. to B. with C. from D. for 【答案】C 【解析】句意：必须采取一些措施来保护环境免受污染。protect...from/ against...意为“保护……以防……”，是固定短语。 （2）Physical exercise can  　　　　you against some diseases. A. protect B. prevent C. stop D. heal 【答案】A 【解析】句意：锻炼身体能够预防一些疾病。protect保护；prevent阻止；stop停 止；heal治愈。protect...from/against...意为“保护……以防……”。 【现学现练】 （1）Bring your umbrella for from the rain. A. protect B. protective C. protection D. protected 【解析】句意：带着你的雨伞以防下雨。for是介词，后面缺少宾语。在A、B、 C、D四个选项中，能作宾语的只有名词protection。 （2）Such a thin coat can’t protect you the cold in such a mountain area. A. for B. with C. against D. to 【解析】句意：在这样的山区，这么薄的外套不能帮助你御寒。protect...from/ against...保护……以防……。 C C 5. stream n.小溪 【课文再现】 I would visit a stream next to our home to get water for my mother.我会去我们家旁 边的一条小溪给妈妈取水。 【归纳拓展】 与stream相关的常用短语及单词。 a stream of 一连串，一长串；stream line 流水线；data stream 数据流；upstream上 游，逆流。如： The fish swim upstream.鱼逆流而上。 【典型例题】 （1）They jumped over the  　　　　. A. stream B. river C. lake D. sea 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们跳过了小溪。stream 小溪；river 河流；lake 湖泊；sea 大 海。根据语境可知，只有小溪最合适。 （2）There are a  　　　　of cars behind us. A. bit B. little C. lots D. stream 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在我们后面有一连串汽车。a bit of意为“一点儿”，修饰不可数 名词；a little 后不接of；a lot of＝lots of，意为“许多”，用lots时，前面不用冠 词a；a stream of意为“一连串，一长串”，符合题意和语境。 【现学现练】 （1）The runs through the forest. A. stream B. dustbin C. handbook D. childhood 【解析】句意：这条小溪穿过森林。stream小溪；dustbin垃圾桶；handbook手 册；childhood童年。 （2）Data is very important in our daily life. A. distance B. river C. stream D. lake 【解析】句意：数据流在我们日常生活中非常重要。distance距离；river河流； stream小溪；lake湖泊。data stream意为“数据流”，是固定短语。 A C 6. recyclable adj.可回收利用的，可再生的 【课文再现】 Can you give me more examples about recyclable waste？你能给我说说更多关于垃 圾回收的例子吗？ 【归纳拓展】 （1）re- 为常用的动词前缀，表示“再一次，重新”。常见的以re-为前缀的动词 有rewrite（重写，改写），renew（重新开始，重新建立，更新），recycle（回收 利用，再利用），repeat（重复等）。如： We recycle the empty cans to make new ones.我们回收空罐子来制作新罐子。 （2）-able是形容词后缀，表示“能……的，会……的，可以……的”等含义。 常见的以-able为后缀的形容词有suitable（合适的），valuable（有价值的）， comfortable（舒适的），available（可得的，可利用的，空闲的），affordable （负担得起的）等。如： The sofa in my living room is very comfortable.我客厅里的沙发非常舒适。 （3）与recycled 相关的短语。 recycled paper 再生纸，再生环保纸；recycled water循环水，再生水；recycled material可回收材料，循环使用的材料。如： It is printed on recycled paper.它是用再生纸印刷的。 【典型例题】 （1）We can  　　　　some of our rubbish. A. renew B. restore C. recycle D. rewrite 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们能够回收一些垃圾。renew重新开始，重新建立；restore恢 复；recycle回收利用；rewrite改写，重写。 （2）Would now be a  　　　　moment to discuss my report？ A. reasonable B. suitable C. affordable D. valuable 【答案】B 【解析】句意：现在讨论我的报告合适吗？reasonable合理的；suitable合适的； affordable负担得起的；valuable有价值的。 【现学现练】 （1）Our country calls on us to the used paper. A. recycle B. recyclable C. recycled D. recycling 【解析】句意：我们国家号召我们回收用过的纸张。call on sb.to do sth.号召某 人做某事，呼吁某人做某事。 （2）Some products can be at the end of their useful life. A. recycle B. recycling C. being recycled D. recycled 【解析】句意：一些产品在其使用寿命结束的时候能够被回收。根据句意可知， 产品与回收之间是被动关系，设空处应用被动语态，其结构为be＋过去分词。 A D 精讲二　短　语 7. at the same time 同时 【课文再现】 At the same time，trees should be planted as many as possible.同时，应该尽可能多 地种树。 【归纳拓展】 与time 相关的短语。 ahead of time提前，提早；all the time一直，始终；at a time 一次；at all times 随 时，总是；at no time（用于强调）从不，绝不；at one time曾经，一度，过去；at times有时，偶尔；at the same time 同时。如： We must pay attention to the rise in pollution at the same time.与此同时，我们必须注 意污染的增加。 Wealth starts with a goal of saving a dollar at a time.财富始于一次存一美元的目标。 【典型例题】 （1）She looked so beautiful，but  　　　　so cold. A. ahead of time B. at no time C. at a time D. at the same time 【答案】D 【解析】句意：她看上去如此漂亮，但同时又那么冷漠。ahead of time提前；at no time从不，绝不；at a time一次；at the same time同时。 （2）She is late for school  　　　　. A. at times B. at the same time C. at a time D. ahead of time 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她有时上学迟到。at times有时，偶尔；at the same time同时； at a time一次；at one time一度，曾经，过去。 【现学现练】 （1）Can you finish your homework ⁠？ A. at times B. ahead of time C. at no time D. at one time 【解析】句意：你能提前完成作业吗？at times有时；ahead of time提前；at no time绝不，从不；at one time一度，曾经。 （2）I am afraid of her，but I really like her. A. at times B. at one time C. at the same time D. at no time 【解析】句意：我害怕她，但同时我也很喜欢她。at times有时，偶尔；at one time曾经，一度；at the same time同时；at no time在任何时候（都不）。 B C 8. dry up 干涸 【课文再现】 Today，over 50 years later，the stream has dried up.50多年后的今天，溪水已经干 涸了。 【归纳拓展】 dry v.使变干，（把……）弄干　adj.干旱的，少雨的，干燥的。其常用短语为 dry up（干涸，干枯）。drought n.干旱，旱灾。如： The flowers had dried up.花已经干枯了。 【典型例题】 （1）The river will  　　　　in the summer. A. dry up B. cut up C. eat up D. get up 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这条河夏天会干涸。dry up干涸；cut up切碎；eat up吃光；get up起床。 （2）I can’t find any water in such a  　　　　place. A. dry B. thirsty C. thirst D. dried 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我在这么干旱的地方找不到水。dry干旱的；thirsty口渴的； thirst 口渴；dried干的，（食物或牛奶）脱水的。 【现学现练】 （1）The stream in my hometown every year. A. eats up B. stands up C. turns up D. dries up 【解析】句意：我家乡的这条河流每年都会干涸。eat up吃光；stand up站起 来，起立；turn up出现，调大；dry up干涸。 （2）Crops in the fields died because of the ⁠. A. stream B. battery C. drought D. bottle 【解析】句意：田野里的庄稼因为干旱而枯死。stream小溪；battery电池； drought干旱；bottle瓶子。 C C 9. garbage sorting 垃圾分类 【课文再现】 There are also garbage sorting apps for cell phones.还有一些专门供手机使用的垃 圾分类应用程序。 【归纳拓展】 garbage collection 垃圾收集；garbage sorting 垃圾分类。如： How does garbage sorting work？垃圾分类是如何运作的？ 【典型例题】 （1）Make sure to take out the  　　　　. A. garbage B. dustbin C. distance D. neighborhood 【答案】A 【解析】句意：记得带走垃圾。garbage垃圾；dustbin（常置于房外的）垃圾 桶；distance距离；neighborhood街区。 （2）Different people have different reactions to the announcement（公告）of garbage  　　　　. A. sort B. sorting C. sorted D. to sort 【答案】B 【解析】句意：对于垃圾分类的公告，不同的人有不同的反应。garbage sorting 意为“垃圾分类，是固定短语”。 【现学现练】 （1）Don’t forget to take out the ⁠. A. dustbin B. garbage C. effect D. childhood 【解析】句意：别忘了把垃圾拿出去。dustbin垃圾桶；garbage垃圾；effect影 响；childhood童年。 （2）Garbage plays an important role in our daily life. A. sort B. sorting C. sorted D. to sort 【解析】句意：垃圾分类在我们日常生活中起着重要作用。garbage sorting意为 “垃圾分类”，是固定短语。 B B 10. shared bike 共享单车 【课文再现】 ...we can always go green by carrying our cloth bags while shopping and taking public transportation or shared bikes while moving around.……我们可以在购物时携 带布袋，出行时乘坐公共交通或使用共享单车来一直践行环保理念。 【归纳拓展】 shared bike意为“共享单车”，这个短语由“过去分词＋名词”构成。类似的短 语还有polluted water（污水）。如： Polluted water is here and there.污水到处都是。 We like riding shared bikes.我们喜欢骑共享单车。 【注意】过去分词作定语修饰名词，表达两种含义：一是被动，二是动作已 经完成。 【典型例题】 （1）The problem  　　　　at the meeting now is very important. A. discussing B. discussed C. discuss D. being discussed 【答案】D 【解析】句意：现在会议上正在讨论的问题很重要。being done是现在分词的被 动形式作后置定语修饰前面名词，表示一个正在进行的动作，意为“正在被…… 的”。 （2）Most of the people  　　　　to the party were famous scientists. A. invite B. inviting C. invited D. to invite 【答案】C 【解析】句意：大多数被邀请参加这次会议的人是著名的科学家。过去分词短语 invited to the party作后置定语修饰前面名词people。 【现学现练】 （1）My grandparents are over seventy.Both of them are workers. A. retired B. retiring C. to retire D. retires 【解析】句意：我的爷爷奶奶都70多岁了。他们俩都是退休工人。过去分词作定 语修饰名词workers，表示动作已经完成。 （2）What’s the language in Germany？ A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 【解析】句意：德国讲什么语言？语言与讲之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作 定语修饰名词language。 A B 精讲三　句　型 11. But every time I put my little fingers under them，they would go away.但是，每 当我把手指放在小鱼的下面，它们就会游走。 【归纳拓展】 （1）“every time/each time/whenever＋句子”表示“每次……，每 当……”。如： Every time I hear that song，I feel happy.每当我每听到那首歌，我都感到很愉快。 （2）“every＋可数名词单数＋and every＋可数名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词 用单数形式。 （3）“each＋可数名词单数＋and each＋可数名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用 单数形式。 （4）they each意为“他们每一个”，其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 （5）each of them意为“他们每一个”，其作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 【典型例题】 （1）Every  　　　　Tim came to China，he would call on me. A. minute B. hour C. second D. time 【答案】D 【解析】句意：每次蒂姆来中国，都会来看我。“Every time/Each time/Whenever＋句子”表示“每次……，每当……”，是固定句型。 （2）They each  　　　　hard. A. work B. works C. has worked D. is working 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们每个人学习都很努力。they each意为“他们每一个”，其作 主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 【现学现练】 （1） she comes，she brings me some seafood. A. Everyone B. Every one C. Every time D. Every thing 【解析】句意：每次她来的时候，她都会给我带些海产品。“Every time＋主语 ＋谓语＋其他”表示“每次……，每当……”，是固定句型。 （2）Every doctor and every nurse given a new T-shirt yesterday. A. was B. were C. will be D. has been 【解析】句意：昨天，每名医生和每名护士都被给了一件新T恤衫。由时间状语 yesterday可知，句子时态为一般过去时，根据主谓一致的原则可知，“Every＋ 可数名词单数＋and every＋可数名词单数”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 C A （3）They each a pair of new shoes. A. has B. are C. is D. have 【解析】句意：他们每个人有一双新鞋。they each意为“他们每一个”，其作主 语时，谓语动词用复数形式。表示“有”，应用have。 （4）Each of the companies a local charity. A. support B. supports C. supporting D. is supported 【解析】句意：每一家公司都支持当地的慈善事业。主语的中心词是each，是第 三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词用单数形式。 D B （5）Every time she  　  　the window，we all freeze. A. open B. opens C. opened D. will open B 【解析】句意：每当她打开窗户，我们都冻僵了。由于后面主句是一般现在时， 因此从句也用一般现在时。 12. Later，I saw thousands of young fish swimming through the clear water against the background of the brown earth.随后，我会看到成千上万条小鱼在棕色河床的 背景下游过清澈的河面。 【归纳拓展】 （1）see sb.do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”，强调看见动作的全过程，侧重动 作已经结束或动作经常发生。如： I see her dance every night.我每晚都看见她跳舞。 （2）see sb.doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。如： Look！Can you see the girl dancing？看！你能看见那个女孩正在跳舞吗？ （3）be seen to do sth.意为“被看见做某事”。 【典型例题】 （1）On his way home this evening，Tom saw some children  　　　　under the tree. A. play B. playing C. to play D. are playing 【答案】B 【解析】句意：今天晚上在回家路上，汤姆看见一些孩子正在树下玩。see sb.doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。 （2）I often see him  　　　　basketball on the playground alone. A. play B. played C. playing D. to play 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我经常看见他独自一人在操场上打篮球。see sb.do sth.意为“看 见某人做某事”，强调看见动作的全过程，侧重动作已经结束或动作经常发生。 【现学现练】 （1）I saw Daniel videos when I walked past his house. A. watch B. was watching C. has watched D. watching 【解析】句意：当我经过丹尼尔家时，我看见他正在看录像。see sb.doing sth. 意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。 （2）When I walked by the kitchen in the morning，I saw her ⁠. A. cook B. cooked C. cooking D. to cook 【解析】句意：早上当我经过厨房的时候，我看见她正在做饭。see sb.doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。 D C （3）She saw a boy into your classroom just now. A. go B. went C. going D. to go 【解析】句意：刚才，她看见一个男孩走进了你的教室。see sb.do sth.意为“看 见某人做某事”，强调看见动作的全过程。 （4）These children dance in the park last night. A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to 【解析】句意：昨晚有人看见这些孩子们在跳舞。be seen to do sth.意为“被看 见做某事”。根据时间状语last night可知，句子时态为一般过去时。 A A （5）He is often seen the violin in the garden alone. A. play B. to play C. played D. being played B 【解析】句意：他经常被看到独自在花园里拉小提琴。see sb.do sth.意为“看见 某人做某事”，强调看见动作的全过程，侧重动作已经结束或动作经常发生，其 被动形式为sb.be seen to do sth.。 13. It’s time we took action for future generations！是我们为下一代采取行动的时候了！ 【归纳拓展】 （1）It’s time to do sth.到做某事的时候了。如： It’s time to go to school.到上学的时候了。 （2）It’s time for sth.到做某事的时候了。如： It’s time for school.到上学的时候了。 （3）It’s time＋that从句，从句用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”，should不 可省略。如： It’s time that we went to school.到我们上学的时候了。 【典型例题】 （1）It’s time  　　　　. A. play basketball B. to go to bed C. playing games D. for the supper 【答案】B 【解析】句意：到睡觉的时候了。It’s time 后加动词不定式短语或“for＋名词”，故排除A、C两项。三餐前不加冠词the，故排除D项。 （2）It’s time that you  　　　　to work. A. go B. will C. should go D. has gone 【答案】C 【解析】句意：到你工作的时候了。“It’s time＋that从句”意为“到……时候 了”，从句用虚拟语气，即用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”，should不可 省略。 【现学现练】 （1）It’s time dinner. A. of B. for C. to D. with 【解析】句意：到吃晚饭的时候了。It’s time for sth.到……时候了。 （2）It’s seven o’clock in the morning.It’s time for us ⁠. A. for get up B. to get up C. to getting up D. get up 【解析】句意：现在是早上7点，到我们起床的时间了。It’s time for us to do sth. 对我们来说，到做某事的时间了。 B B （3）It’s time we a party. A. have B. has C. had D. have had C 【解析】句意：到我们举行聚会的时间了。“It’s time＋that从句”表示 “到……时候了”，that从句用虚拟语气，即用一般过去时或“should＋动词原 形”，should不可省略。 （4）It’s high time he a lesson. A. teaches B. should taught C. is taught D. was taught 【解析】句意：到给他一个教训的时候了。他与教训之间是被动关系，所以用被 动语态。“It’s time＋that从句”表示“到……时候了”，that从句用虚拟语气， 即用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”，should不可省略。 D （5）It is time you should go to work. A. when B. that C. which D. where B 【解析】句意：到你应该上班的时候了。“It is time＋that从句”意为“到 了……的时候了”，是固定句型。 14. We should save water and make the best use of it.我们应该节约用水，并充分利 用水。 【归纳拓展】 与make 相关的常用短语。 make use of 利用，使用 make up编造，虚构；（给）化妆，（为）打扮 make out弄清楚，理解，明白；（勉强地）辨认出，看出，听出 be made up of由……组成 be made into 被制成，被做成 be made of由……制成（从制成品中能看出原材料） be made from由……制成（从制成品中看不出原材料） 【典型例题】 （1）Shakespeare’s play Hamlet  　　　　into at least ten different films over the past years. A. was made B. had been made C. has been made D. would be made 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在过去的几年里，莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》至少被拍成了10 部不同的影片。over the past years通常与现在完成时连用，并且句子主语 Shakespeare’s play与make之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。 （2）We should  　　　　the limited time. A. make the best use of B. make up C. make out D. be made up of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们应该充分利用有限的时间。make the best use of充分利用； make up编造，虚构，（给）化妆，（为）打扮；make out弄清楚，理解，明 白，（勉强地）辨认出；be made up of 由……组成。 【现学现练】 （1）My mother doesn’t like to buy things which are made Japan. A. of B. in C. into D. from 【解析】句意：我的妈妈不喜欢买日本制造的东西。“be made in＋地点”意为 “在某地制造”，是固定搭配。 （2）The sports team is made a coach and five athletes. A. of B. up C. up of D. into 【解析】句意：这个运动小组是由一名教练和五名运动员组成。be made up of 由……组成。 （3）Wood can be made desks and chairs. A. of B. into C. from D. up of B C B 【解析】句意：木头能被做成桌子和椅子。be made into被制成……。 （4）I think it’s very unkind of you to stories about him. A. make into B. make use of C. make out D. make up 【解析】句意：我认为你编造他的故事是不友好的。make into制成；make use of 利用；make out弄清楚，理解；make up化妆，编造。 （5）Paper is made wood and bamboo. A. of B. from C. into D. up of 【解析】句意：纸是由木头和竹子制成的。从制成品中看不出原材料，所以用be made from由……制成。 D B 15. If everyone gets involved，we will be able to protect the home of the young fish...如果我们都参与进来，我们将能够保护小鱼的家…… 【归纳拓展】 （1）involve oneself in 积极参与……。如： I involved myself in working with them.我加入他们一起工作。 （2）get/be involved in 被卷入……，涉及……。如： They are both heavily involved in politics.他们俩都深陷政治中。 【典型例题】 （1）How many vehicles were  　　　　in the crash（撞车）？ A. involved B. involving C. involve D. to involve 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在这次撞车事故中，有多少辆车被卷入其中？get/be involved in 被卷入……，涉及……。 （2）Peace and stability in the world need the active 　　　　 of China. A. involve B. involves C. involved D. involvement 【答案】D 【解析】句意：世界的和平与稳定需要中国的积极参与。形容词active后缺少名 词，involvement意为“参与，介入”，符合题意。 【现学现练】 （1）Maybe he shouldn’t have gotten himself in the boys’ fight. A. involve B. involving C. involved D. to involve 【解析】句意：也许他不应该使自己卷入那些男孩子的打架事件中。get oneself involved in sth.使某人卷入某事。 （2）Don’t ask me.I don’t want to be involved your quarrel. A. in B. with C. of D. on 【解析】句意：不要问我，我不想卷入你们的争吵。get/be involved in被卷 入……。 C A （3）I involved in the trouble. A. gets B. got C. getting D. gotten 【解析】句意：我卷入了那场麻烦。get/be involved in意为“被卷入……”，是 固定结构。由于动作已经发生，因此句子时态用一般过去时。 （4）Any investment an element of risk. A. involves B. drops C. generates D. melts 【解析】句意：任何投资都有一定的风险。involve牵涉，包含；drop掉下； generate产生，造成；melt融化。 （5）The man was in the traffic accident. A. involve B. involved C. involving D. to involve B A B 【解析】句意：这个男人被卷入那起交通事故。get/be involved in被卷入……。 语法聚焦 Emphatic sentence（强调句） 一、陈述句的强调句型 基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）＋that/who（当强 调主语且主语指人）＋其他。如： It was Tom that/who I met in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上遇见的是汤姆。 二、一般疑问句的强调句型 基本结构：Is/Was it＋被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）＋that/who（当强 调主语且主语指人）＋其他？ Was it Tom that/who you met in the street yesterday？你昨天在街上遇见的是汤姆吗？ 三、特殊疑问句的强调句型 基本结构：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）＋is/was＋it＋that/who＋ 其他？ Who was it that you met in the street yesterday？你昨天在街上遇见的是谁？ 四、其他强调句型 1. It was not until＋表示时间的词/从句＋that＋其他。如： It was not until last night that he finished the homework.直到昨晚，他才完成家庭作 业。 2. 在实义动词前加助动词do的适当形式，表示强调，译为“的确”。如： He came to school this morning.他今天上午来上学了。 →He did come to school this morning.他今天上午的确来上学了。 【注意】判断强调句的小技巧：把句子中的It is/was和that/who去掉，如果剩余部 分仍然是个完整的句子，则是强调句，否则不是。 变式练习 单项选择题（从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个符合题意的最佳选项填在题 前括号里） （　A　）1. It was on the National Day  　　　　she met her separated sister. A. that B. where C. when D. which 【解析】句意：她是在国庆节遇见了她失散的妹妹。强调时间状语on the National Day，所以用强调句型“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他”。 A （　B　）2.  　　　　 in this room that our first meeting was held. A. That was B. It was C. Where was D. What was 【解析】句意：我们的第一次会议是在这个房间举行的。强调地点状语in this room，所以用强调句型“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他”。 （　C　）3. It was almost four years later  　　　　he came back to his hometown. A. since B. when C. that D. before 【解析】句意：他是在大约四年后才回到家乡。分析句子结构可知，此句是强调 句，其基本句型是“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他”。本题中，被强 调部分是时间状语，故应用that。 B C （　A　）4. It was  　　　　he said  　　　　disappointed me. A. what；that B. that；that C. what；what D. that；what 【解析】句意：他说的话让我感到很失望。第一个空考查主语从句作主语，由于 主语从句缺少宾语，所以在he said前加what构成主语从句。第二个空考查强调句 型，由于强调的是主语从句，所以用强调句型“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋ 其他”。 A （　C　）5. It was  　　　　back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go 【解析】句意：直到午夜做完实验，他才回家。强调时间状语midnight，所以用 强调句型“It was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他”。 C （　A　）6. —It was  　　　　who helped us out of danger. —What a brave boy！We should learn from him. A. he B. it C. their D. him 【解析】句意：——是他帮助我们脱离了危险。——一个多么勇敢的男孩啊！我 们应该向他学习。分析可知，此句强调的是句子主语，空处应用人称代词主格； 且根据下文的boy可知，应填he。 （　C　）7. It was when she was about to go to bed  　　　　the telephone rang. A. since B. as C. that D. which 【解析】句意：电话铃是在她正要睡觉的时候响的。强调时间状语 when she was about to go to bed，所以用强调句型“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他”。 A C （　B　）8. She said she would go and she  　　　　go. A. didn’t B. did C. does D. would 【解析】句意：她说她会去的，并且她的确去了。助动词did加强语气，意为 “的确”。 （　D　）9. It was Cai Lun  　　　　improved the method of paper-making. A. what B. whose C. whom D. who 【解析】句意：是蔡伦改进了造纸术。本句是强调句，被强调部分是主语Cai Lun。强调句的基本结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋ that/who＋其他”。 B D （　A　）10. Was  　　　　that I saw last night at the concert？ A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself 【解析】句意：我昨天晚上在音乐会上看到的是你吗？强调主语，并且是一般疑 问句，所以用强调句的一般疑问句结构“Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that＋其他？”。 A 学以致用 一、单项选择题（从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个符合题意的最佳选项填 在题前括号里） （　A　）1. The meeting will  　　　　next Monday. A. take place B. happened C. be taken place D. be happened 【解析】句意：会议将于下周一举行。根据时间状语next week可知，句子时态 为一般将来时，其基本结构为“will＋动词原形”；take place和happen意为“发 生”，均无被动语态。 A （　B　）2. We can protect the environment by  　　　　. A. cars B. taking public transportation C. take shared bicycles D. throwing waste 【解析】句意：我们可以通过乘坐公共交通工具来保护环境。by是介词，基后跟 名词、代词或动名词，所以排除A、C两项。D项不符合题意，排除。 B （　B　）3.  　　　　 number of visitors are attracted to visit the mountain.So far  　　　　number of them has increased rapidly. A. A；a B. A；the C. The；a D. The；the 【解析】句意：很多游客被吸引来游览这座山。到目前为止，游客的数量还在迅 速增长。“a number of＋可数名词复数”表示“很多……”，其作主语时，谓 语动词用复数形式；“the number of＋可数名词复数”表示“……的数量”，其 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。第一个空，根据后面的are可知，此处应填a； 第二个空，根据后面的has可知，此处应填the。 B （　A　）4. When in the USA，my brother  　　　　his spare time there by learning English. A. made good use of B. took good care of C. paid more attention to D. got along well with 【解析】句意：当我弟弟在美国的时候，他充分利用空闲时间学习英语。A项意 为“充分利用”；B项意为“好好照顾”；C项意为“更多关注”；D项意为 “相处得好”。根据句意可知，A项最佳。 A （　D　）5. The aim of the rule is to protect the trees from  　　　　. A. cut down B. cutting down C. be cut down D. being cut down 【解析】句意：这个规则的目的是保护树木不被砍伐。cut down削减，砍倒。树 木是被砍倒，应用被动语态，排除A、B两项。protect...from doing...意为 “保护……免受……”，是固定搭配。 （　B　）6. It was not until now  　　　　I knew the importance of this subject. A. which B. that C. who D. what 【解析】句意：直到现在我才知道这门科目的重要性。此句是not until的强调 句，其基本结构为“It was not until＋表示时间的词/从句＋that＋其他”。 D B （　A　）7. In this large  　　　　，I felt very unsafe. A. neighborhood B. stream C. dustbin D. battery 【解析】句意：在这个大街区，我感觉非常不安全。neighborhood街区；stream 小溪；dustbin垃圾桶；battery电池。 （　D　）8. Just now she  　　　　her mistakes. A. aware B. know C. restored D. realized 【解析】句意：刚才，她意识到自己的错误了。aware意识到的；know知道；restore修复；realize意识到。由时间状语just now可知，句子时态为一般过去时。 A D （　B　）9. His dream to be an engineer finally  　　　　. A. realize B. came true C. achieve D. attain 【解析】句意：他当工程师的梦想终于实现了。realize/achieve one’s dream意为 “实现某人的梦想”，是固定搭配；come true意为“（梦想）成真，实现”， 其后不能直接加宾语；attain意为“达到，获得”。 B （　B　）10. —Would you like to watch the basketball match with me this weekend？ —Sorry.I’ve got a  　　　　schedule on the weekend.Why not ask Li Yong？ A. light B. tight C. bright D. slight 【解析】句意：——这周末和我一起去看篮球赛好吗？——对不起。我周末的日 程排得很紧。为什么不叫李勇一起去？A项意为“轻的”；B项意为“紧凑 的”；C项意为“明亮的，聪明的”；D项意为“轻微的”。a tight schedule意为 “紧凑的日程安排”。 B （　B　）11. It’s time we  　　　　action for our next generations. A. takes B. took C. will take D. have taken 【解析】句意：是为我们下一代采取行动的时候了。It’s time （that） 从句，从 句时态用一般过去时表示虚拟语气。 （　B　）12. The  　　　　tea in this store tastes very delicious. A. ice B. iced C. icing D. ices 【解析】句意：这家商店的冰茶尝起来很美味。茶与冰冻之间是被动关系，所以 用过去分词作定语修饰名词tea。 B B （　A　）13. It was yesterday  　　　　he read three books in the library. A. that B. when C. which D. who 【解析】句意：他昨天在图书馆里看了三本书。强调时间状语yesterday，所以用 强调句型“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他”。 （　C　）14. Global warming is having a great effect  　　　　the plants and animals on the earth. A. about B. in C. on D. with 【解析】句意：全球变暖对地球上的植物和动物有很大的影响。have an effect on意为“对……有影响”，是固定短语。 A C （　A　）15.  　　　　 is very clear that he is the tallest in our class. A. It B. Which C. That D. This 【解析】句意：很明显，他是我们班最高的。It is clear that...意为“明 显……”，其中，it是形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。 A 二、阅读理解（根据短文内容，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个符合题意 的最佳选项填在题前括号里） A 　　Trees play a significant role in human life and they are important for our existence on the earth.They provide us with food and oxygen（氧气）.Other than these，trees also offer several benefits to human beings and thus they are considered as the most essential part of our life. 　　Trees also maintain water balance in the ecosystem（生态系统）.The roots of the trees are made in such a way that they hold the soil firmly and do not let it wash away during rainfall and floods.Therefore，trees help in preventing soil erosion（土壤 流失）and landslides（山体滑坡）. 　　Trees are a rich source of air and food.They also contribute to the beauty of nature.People enjoy green and yellow trees as nature itself is a great relief which keeps making people feel relaxed and active.Trees also provide shade and cool air during hot summer. 　　In a word，trees are an important part of human life.So it’s our duty to preserve such beautiful creatures and thus we must promote tree-planting and discourage activities that are harmful to trees. （　D　）16. How many benefits of trees are mentioned in the passage？ A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 【解析】由第一段内容“They provide us with food and oxygen.”；第二段第一 句“Trees also maintain water balance in the ecosystem”；第三段第一句“Trees are a rich source of air and food.”和第三段最后一句“Trees also provide shade and cool air during hot summer.”可知，文中提到的树木的益处有4个。 （　C　）17. What do trees provide us with in hot summer？ A. Food. B. Oxygen. C. Cool air. D. All of the above. 【解析】由第三段最后一句“Trees also provide shade and cool air during hot summer.”可知，在炎炎夏日，树木为人们提供树荫和凉爽的空气。 D C （　A　）18. How do people enjoy the green and yellow trees？ A. Trees are a great relief which keeps making people feel relaxed and active. B. Trees help in preventing soil erosion. C. Trees also maintain water balance in the ecosystem. D. Trees are a rich source of air and food. 【解析】由第三段内容“People enjoy green and yellow trees as nature itself is a great relief which keeps making people feel relaxed and active.”可知，人们喜欢 绿色和黄色的树是因为树木可以使人感到放松和活跃。 A （　C　）19. What does the underlined word “firmly” mean？ A. Fast. B. Slowly. C. Stably. D. Hardly. 【解析】由第二段内容“The roots of the trees are made in such a way that they hold the soil firmly and do not let it wash away during rainfall and floods.”可 知，firmly意为“坚固地，稳定地”，其与stably意思相近。 （　C　）20. What might be the best title for the passage？ A. Greenhouse Gas B. Global Warming C. Benefits of Trees D. The Importance of Natural Resources 【解析】综合全文可知，本文主要讲述树木对人类的益处，因此C项最适合作为 文章标题。 C C B 　　How to save the environment，or ways to help the earth heal is a very popular topic in all circles of life as well as globally.How the earth is being cared for or not cared for consists of trillions of small，everyday choices.So many of us do realize that there is a major issue（议题），but many of the same people go through their lives without making any changes.Maybe the issue lies deeper than that.It could be that they just do not know what they can do personally to help the situation.There are answers for reference： 　　·Choose different transport：Walk，bicycle or drive alternative energy or energy- efficient cars.Take the bus or fill your car with people instead of going to work being the only one in the vehicle. 　　·Change light bulbs：Use high efficient bulbs such as LEDs that use much less energy and last many more years，reducing manufacturing needs. 　　·Use an alternative energy source：One way of how to help the environment is moving to non-fossil fuels.Solar or nuclear energy is a good choice. （　B　）21. How many ways of environmental protection are mentioned in the passage？ A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 【解析】由第一段最后一句 “There are answers for reference”；第二段内容 “Choose different transport”；第三段内容“Change light bulbs”和第四段内 容“Use an alternative energy source”可知，文中提到的环境保护方式有3种。 B （　B　）22. What can we do to help the earth heal？ A. Go to work by driving alone. B. Use LEDs. C. Burn fossil fuels. D. Choose electronic power resources. 【解析】由第三段内容“Use high efficient bulbs such as LEDs that use much less energy and last many more years，reducing manufacturing needs.”可知，使用 节能灯可以帮助地球自我修复。 B （　D　）23. Which of the following statements is TRUE？ A. So many of us don’t realize caring for the Earth is a major issue. B. People go through their lives and make changes to the environment. C. How to save the energy is not a very popular topic. D. We can help the environment by moving to non-fossil fuels. 【解析】由最后一段内容“Use an alternative energy source：One way of how to help the environment is moving to non-fossil fuels.”可知，我们可以通过使用非 化石燃料来保护环境。 D （　B　）24. What does the underlined word “major” mean？ A. Many. B. Main. C. Impossible. D. Global. 【解析】由文中第一段内容“So many of us do realize that there is a major issue，but many of the same people go through their lives without making any changes.”可知，major意为“主要的”，其与main意思相近。 B （　B　）25. Which is the best title for the passage？ A. How Going Green Impacts Our Body，Mind，and Relationships B. How to Heal the Earth C. Why We Choose Public Transportation D. What LEDs Are 【解析】综合全文可知，本文主要讲述如何修复地球，因此B项最适合作为文章 标题。 B C 　　A study suggests that dirty air can reduce lung development.Researchers at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles published their work in a magazine. 　　About 1，700 children from different communities in Southern California took part in the study.The scientists tested the children every year for eight years，starting at age ten.They say this is the longest study ever done on air pollution and the health of children. 　　The scientists found that children who lived in areas with the dirtiest air were five times more likely to grow up with weak lungs.Many were using less than eighty percent of normal lung strength to breathe. 　　The damage from dirty air was as bad as that found in children with parents who smoke.Children with reduced lung power may suffer more severe effects from a common cold，for example. 　　But the researchers express greater concerns about long-term effects.They say adults normally begin to lose one percent of their lung power each year after age twenty.The doctors note that weak lung activity is the second leading cause of early deaths among adults.The first is smoking. （　A　）26. Who found out the dirty air can reduce lung development according to this passage？ A. American scientists. B. English researchers. C. Canadian scientists. D. Australian researchers. 【解析】由第一段第二句“Researchers at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles published their work in a magazine.”可知，洛杉矶南加利福尼亚 大学研究者在杂志上发表了这一观点。洛杉矶是美国的。 A （　C　）27. A study done by researchers at the University of Southern California indicates that 　　　　. A. 1，700 children from Southern California have weak lung activities B. children in Southern California use less lung strength to breathe C. air pollution may affect the growth of children’s lungs D. 80 percent of children in Southern California suffer from air pollution 【解析】由第一段第一句“A study suggests that dirty air can reduce lung development.”可知，空气污染影响儿童肺部发育。 C （　B　）28. According to the article，children living in dirty air  　　　　. A. may lose eighty percent of their normal lung strength B. may suffer more severe effects from a common cold C. were five times more likely to catch a common cold D. were unlikely to recover from any lung damage 【解析】由第四段内容 “Children with reduced lung power may suffer more severe effects from a common cold，for example.”可知，肺活量减少的孩子， 普通感冒也会对其产生非常严重的影响。 B （　C　）29. Why do the researchers express greater concern about the long-term effects of air pollution on children？ A. Because those children begin to lose 1％ of their lung power each year after 20. B. Because those children do not show any signs of lung damage when they are young. C. Because those children may suffer early death when they grow up. D. Because those children cannot expect to have their lungs fully developed at 18. 【解析】由第四段“Children with reduced lung power may suffer more severe effects from a common cold...”和最后一段“The doctors note that weak lung activity is the second leading cause of early deaths among adults.”可知，研究者 对长期空气污染的担忧是因为当孩子们长大成人后，他们可能会早逝。 C （　C　）30. What’s the first cause of early deaths among adults according to this passage？ A. The dirty air. B. The dirty water. C. Smoking. D. Weak lung activity. 【解析】根据第五段内容“The doctors note that weak lung activity is the second leading cause of early deaths among adults.The first is smoking.”可知，在成年 人中，早死的第一个原因是吸烟。 C $$