Unit 2 Geat minds人与社会：名人轶事（话题阅读精练）英语沪教牛津版九年级上册

Unit 2 Great minds 名人轶事 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 221 介绍中国射击运动员黄雨婷，讲述其在射击领域的成就，及她的成长经历等。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 345 文章主要讲述美国YouTube博主IShowSpeed(甲亢哥)2025年3月24 - 28日访华，向全球粉丝展示真实中国的经历。 真题示例 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 314 讲述了山东慈峪村78岁农民王子忠，42年来带领家人绿化荒山、保护森林的故事。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 225 主要讲述了被誉为“敦煌女儿”的樊锦诗在保护莫高窟上所付出的努力和做出的贡献。 模拟演练 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 277 主要介绍了汉代外交家、旅行家和探险家张骞开辟丝绸之路的历史事迹。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 262 主要讲述了孙中山先生从少年时期到领导革命，为建立中华民国所做出的努力，以及他的伟大精神对后世的深远影响。 Passage C 阅读理解 记叙文 250 主要记叙著名画家徐悲鸿的人生经历，他是一位生于忧患、自强不息的艺术巨匠。 Passage D 阅读理解 记叙文 376 本文讲述了世界著名建筑师贝聿铭的设计理念、代表作品及其对建筑艺术的贡献。 Passage E 阅读还原 记叙文 256 主要介绍了教育家陶行知。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · Do not, for one repulse, give up the purpose that you resolved to effect.（William Shakespeare, British dramatist） 不要只因一次失败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目的。（英国剧作家 威廉・莎士比亚） · Don't part with your illusions. When they are gone you may still exist, but you have ceased to live.（Mark Twain, American writer） 不要放弃你的幻想。当幻想没有了以后，你还可以生存，但是你虽生犹死。（美国作家 马克・吐温） · Ideal is the beacon. Without ideal, there is no secure direction; without direction, there is no life.（Leo Tolstoy, Russian writer） 理想是指路明灯。没有理想，就没有坚定的方向；没有方向，就没有生活。（俄国作家 列夫・托尔斯泰） · If winter comes, can spring be far behind?（P.B.Shelley, British poet） 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？（英国诗人 珀西・比希・雪莱） If you would go up high, then use your own legs! Do not let yourselves carried aloft; do not seat yourselves on · Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.（Alexander Dumas, French Writer） 生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。（法国作家 大仲马） · The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.（Johan Wolfgang von Goethe, German Poet and dramatist） 人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标，并决心实现它。（德国诗人、戏剧家 约翰・沃尔夫冈・冯・歌德） · Learning without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without learning ends in danger. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆：（孔子） · A thousand - li journey is started by taking the first step.（千里之行，始于足下。） 时文阅读 Passage A(奥运冠军黄雨婷) （2025·广东中山·三模）Chinese shooter Huang Yuting is an Olympic champion and a world record holder. In Oct. 2024, Huang 1 the women’s 10 m air rifle (气步枪) gold with a new world record at the ISSF World Cup Final. With this, she has now completed a Grand Slam (大满贯) by winning 2 medals at the World Championships, the Olympics and the World Cup Finals. Born in 2006 in Zhejiang, Huang joined the shooting team at a local sports school in 2017. Though she practised 3 for at least an hour each day, she balanced her schoolwork and shooting training well. “She was always serious and hard-working, never 4 a class,” Lin Kehan, Huang’s first coach, told China Daily. Huang’s hard work 5 . At age 15, she became the 6 shooter on the national team. Huang’s good mindset (心态) has also played a part in her 7 . Huang is good at shooting. She shows her good shooting skills in every competition, 8 in important ones. “The mindset is important in shooting. You have to be 9 to get through hard times,” Huang said. Looking ahead, Huang will face many more 10 . But everyone believes she will keep succeeding. That is because she works hard and never gives up. 1．A．realized B．won C．started D．invited 2．A．steel B．silver C．gold D．glass 3．A．running B．choosing C．shooting D．regretting 4．A．attending B．having C．missing D．completing 5．A．paid off B．took up C．kept on D．got over 6．A．richest B．worst C．oldest D．youngest 7．A．success B．support C．culture D．choice 8．A．truly B．especially C．hardly D．completely 9．A．special B．surprising C．basic D．brave 10．A．competitions B．decisions C．changes D．reasons 长难句解析 原句：（第二段第二句）Though she practised shooting for at least an hour each day, she balanced her schoolwork and shooting training well. 译文：尽管她每天至少练习射击一小时，但她却能很好地平衡学业和射击训练。 分析：这是一个含让步状语从句的复合句。从句 “Though she practised shooting for at least an hour each day”（尽管她每天至少练习射击一小时）由 “though” 引导，表让步；主句 “she balanced her schoolwork and shooting training well”（她却能很好地平衡学业和射击训练）说明主句动作与从句形成对比。 译文 中国射击运动员黄雨婷是奥运会冠军和世界纪录保持者。2024 年 10 月，在国际射联世界杯总决赛中，黄雨婷以一项新的世界纪录夺得女子 10 米气步枪金牌。凭借这一成绩，她如今已完成大满贯 —— 在世界锦标赛、奥运会和世界杯总决赛中均斩获金牌。 黄雨婷 2006 年出生于浙江，2017 年加入当地体校的射击队。尽管她每天至少练习射击一小时，但她却能很好地平衡学业和射击训练。“她总是认真又勤奋，从不缺课。” 黄雨婷的首任教练林克汉在接受《中国日报》采访时表示。黄雨婷的努力得到了回报。15 岁时，她成为国家队最年轻的射击运动员。黄雨婷良好的心态也为她的成功助力。 黄雨婷擅长射击，她在每场比赛中都展现出出色的射击技巧，尤其是在重要赛事中。“心态在射击中很重要。你必须勇敢才能度过艰难时刻。” 黄雨婷说。展望未来，黄雨婷将面临更多比赛。但所有人都相信她会持续取得成功，因为她勤奋努力且永不放弃。 Passage B An American YouTuber named IShowSpeed, who people often call “Jiakang Ge (甲亢哥)”, visited China from March 24 to 28, 2025. He introduced modern China to his 37 million fans all over the world. The 20-year-old content creator went to Shanghai, Beijing, and Xi’ an. His live broadcasts changed what many Western people think about China. First, he went to Shanghai’s Pudong area. It looks really modern. He danced with old people in the parks. He tried street food, like soup dumplings ordered on an app. He also tested Xiaomi’s SU7 Ultra electric car. The car has a very strong engine with 1,526 horsepower and it costs $70,000. He was really surprised. During a live show watched by 5.6 million people, he said again and again, “This is better than a Lamborghini!” People around the world saw that China’s streets are very clean and its transportation is really good. Next, in Beijing, I Show Speed got to know Chinese culture. He wore colorful local clothes. On the Great Wall, he did a backflip and shouted, “This is real history!” He also really liked eating spic y hotpot. His live shows showed busy night markets and how friendly people are in China. People from other countries said, “Chinese cities seem safer than our cities.” I Show Speed talked a lot about how good China’s technology is. When he took the bullet train to Xi’ an, he was amazed because he could use 5G even in tunnels. He said, “In New York, you can’t even send texts on the subway!” His six-hour live show from Shanghai was in very clear 1440p resolution. This showed how advanced (先进的) China’s Internet is. It surprised many people who didn’t believe what they saw in the media before. This cultural exchange started many discussions around the world. Some people thought these scenes were made up. But most people thought his reactions showed what life is really like in China. Chinese officials said this visit was “people-to-people diplomacy”. Foreign people said it showed the real China, without political (政治上的) opinions. 1．What was the main purpose of I Show Speed’s China visit? A．To spread Chinese traditional culture. B．To test new technological products in China. C．To compete with local content creators. D．To learn Chinese culture and show real China to his fans 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The cars of Xiaomi’s SU7 Ultra are more expensive than those of Lamborghini. B．I Show Speed wore and praised the quality of colorful local clothes. C．I Show Speed danced with old people in the parks of Beijing. D．I Show Speed’s six-hour live show from Shanghai was very clear and smooth. 3．Why did the author compare China’s bullet train with New York’s subway? A．To show that New York’s subway is better B．To explain why I Show Speed prefers China C．To show China’s advanced technology D．To encourage people to take subways in New York 4．What does the underlined phrase “people-to-people diplomacy” probably mean? A．The government organized I Show Speed’s trip to show real China. B．Common people can help build understanding between countries. C．Only officials can build friendship with other countries. D．I Show Speed’s trip was a secret task. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The influence of technology on culture B．An American’s travel experiences in China C．Comparing Chinese and Western lifestyles D．The economic growth in Chinese cities 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第一句）An American YouTuber named IShowSpeed, who people often call “Jiakang Ge (甲亢哥)”, visited China from March 24 to 28, 2025. 译文： 分析：这是一个主从复合句。“An American YouTuber” 是句子的主语，“named IShowSpeed” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰主语，“who people often call ‘Jiakang Ge (甲亢哥)’” 是定语从句，进一步修饰主语，“visited” 是谓语动词，“China” 是宾语，“from March 24 to 28, 2025” 是时间状语。 译文 一位名叫 IShowSpeed 的美国 YouTube 博主（人们常称他为 “甲亢哥”）于 2025 年 3 月 24 日至 28 日访问了中国。他向全球 3700 万粉丝介绍了现代中国。这位 20 岁的内容创作者去了上海、北京和西安。他的直播改变了许多西方人对中国的看法。 首先，他去了上海的浦东地区。那里看起来非常现代化。他和公园里的老人一起跳舞。他品尝了街头美食，比如通过应用程序订购的小笼包。他还体验了小米 SU7 Ultra 电动汽车。这辆车有一个非常强劲的发动机，功率达 1526 马力，售价 7 万美元。他感到非常惊讶。在一场有 560 万人观看的直播中，他一遍又一遍地说：“这比兰博基尼还好！” 全世界的人们都看到了中国的街道非常干净，交通也非常便利。 接下来，在北京，IShowSpeed 了解了中国文化。他穿上了色彩鲜艳的当地服饰。在长城上，他翻了个跟头，喊道：“这是真正的历史！” 他还非常喜欢吃麻辣火锅。他的直播展示了热闹的夜市以及中国人的友好。其他国家的人们说：“中国的城市似乎比我们的城市更安全。” IShowSpeed 多次谈到中国的科技有多好。当他乘坐高铁去西安时，他感到很惊讶，因为即使在隧道里他也能使用 5G。他说：“在纽约，你在地铁上甚至都发不了短信！” 他来自上海的六小时直播有着非常清晰的 1440p 分辨率。这展示了中国互联网有多先进。这让许多以前不相信他们在媒体上看到的内容的人感到惊讶。 这次文化交流在全球引发了许多讨论。一些人认为这些场景是编造的。但大多数人认为他的反应展示了中国的真实生活。中国官员称这次访问是 “民间外交”。外国人士表示，这展示了真实的中国，不带政治观点。 真题示例 Passage A(2025年云南中考真题) Wang Zizhong, a 78-year-old farmer from Ciyu village in Shandong, has devoted the past 42 years of his life to greening mountains and protecting forests with his family. In 1983, Wang Zizhong saw the poor hills to the north of Ciyu and started thinking about planting trees on them. The serious soil erosion (土壤侵蚀) on the mountains had greatly influenced the lives of the villagers. He left his job as a teacher, rented the land from the local government and took on the task of greening the poor hills. He led his family up the mountains and began the arduous journey of planting trees. At that time, he and his wife left their two teenage sons in the cave while the couple dug holes for the trees. There were no roads, so Wang had to carry tree seedlings and water on his shoulder and walk kilometers to the mountains. The water he carried each time could only water seven or eight trees. So he had to make many trips every day. The family would stay on the mountains for over a month at a time. They slept in the cave, ate pancakes and drank mountain stream water. In 1997, Wang’s wife passed away suddenly from a heart attack while she was on the mountains. However, Wang didn’t give up. He continued to live and work on the mountains, planting trees. As Wang grew older, he passed on the task of forest protection to his son. Influenced by his father, Wang Tao took over the job and worked hard every day to carry on the family’s work. Over 42 years, the Wang family has planted over 200,000 trees, covering more than 133 hectares. Their efforts have turned the poor mountains into green forests, leaving a “green treasure” for future and showing that the idea of green development is increasingly taking root in people’s hearts. 1．Why did Wang Zizhong decide to plant trees? A．He wanted to improve local life. B．He hoped to make more money. C．It was a good way to keep himself busy. D．The government called on people to do so. 2．What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Educational. B．Difficult. C．Interesting. D．Boring. 3．What did Wang Zizhong do after his wife’s death? A．He greened the hills as usual. B．He suffered from a serious disease. C．He chose to stay on the mountains alone. D．He let his son continue his work at once. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The harm of soil erosion to a village. B．A villager’s teaching career and later life. C．The road to forest protection in Ciyu village. D．A family’s long-term efforts to green mountains. 长难句解析 原句：（最后一段第一句）Their efforts have turned the poor mountains into green forests, leaving a “green treasure” for future and showing that the idea of green development is increasingly taking root in people’s hearts. 译文：他们的努力让荒山变成了郁郁葱葱的森林，为未来留下了一份 “绿色财富”，也彰显出绿色发展理念正日益在人们心中扎根。 分析：主句为 “Their efforts have turned the poor mountains into green forests”（他们的努力将荒山变成了绿色森林），使用 “turn...into...” 结构体现变化的结果。 现在分词短语 “leaving a ‘green treasure’ for future” 和 “showing that...hearts” 作伴随状语，补充说明 “将荒山变森林” 带来的两个结果：一是为未来留下 “绿色财富”；二是表明绿色发展理念日益深入人心。 第二个分词短语中包含宾语从句 “that the idea...hearts”，其中 “taking root in”（扎根于）生动形象地描述了绿色发展理念被人们接受的过程。 译文 来自山东慈峪村的 78 岁农民王子忠，在过去 42 年里和家人一起投身于荒山绿化与森林保护事业。 1983 年，王子忠看到慈峪村北面的荒山，便开始琢磨在山上种树。山上严重的土壤侵蚀极大地影响了村民的生活。 他辞去了教师的工作，从当地政府租下这片土地，承担起绿化荒山的任务。他带领家人上山，开启了艰辛的种树之路。 那时候，他和妻子把两个十几岁的儿子留在山洞里，夫妻俩则忙着挖树坑。山上没有路，王子忠不得不肩扛树苗和水，步行几公里上山。他每次带的水只能浇七八棵树，所以每天都要往返很多趟。 这家人一次在山上要住一个多月，他们睡在山洞里，吃着煎饼，喝着山涧里的水。 1997 年，王子忠的妻子在山上时突发心脏病去世。然而，王子忠没有放弃，他继续在山上生活、劳作，坚持种树。 随着年龄增长，王子忠把护林的任务交给了儿子。受父亲影响，王涛接下了这份工作，每天辛勤劳作，延续着家里的事业。42 年来，王家共种植了 20 多万棵树，覆盖面积超过 133 公顷。 他们的努力让荒山变成了郁郁葱葱的森林，为未来留下了一份 “绿色财富”，也彰显出绿色发展理念正日益在人们心中扎根。 重点词汇和短语 核心词汇 devote /dɪˈvəʊt/v. 致力于；奉献 greening /ˈɡriːnɪŋ/n. 绿化 forest /ˈfɒrɪst/n. 森林 soil erosion 土壤侵蚀 influence /ˈɪnfluəns/v. 影响；n. 影响 rent /rent/v. 租用；n. 租金 task /tɑːsk/n. 任务 seedling /ˈsiːdlɪŋ/n. 幼苗 journey /ˈdʒɜːni/n. 旅程；历程 continue /kənˈtɪnjuː/v. 继续 hectare /ˈhekteə(r)/n. 公顷（面积单位） effort /ˈefət/n. 努力 treasure /ˈtreʒə(r)/n. 宝藏 development /dɪˈveləpmənt/n. 发展 核心短语 devote...to... 把…… 致力于…… take on 承担；接受 carry on 继续；坚持 pass on 传递；传承 take root 扎根；深入人心 at a time 一次；每次 lead...to... 带领…… 去…… turn...into... 把…… 变成…… pass away 去世 heart attack 心脏病发作 Passage B(2024年四川广元中考真题) The Mogao Caves (莫高窟) are a very special place in China, which lie in Dunhuang, Gansu Prvince. The Mogao Caves are thousands of years old. In 1987, they were listed as a world heritage (遗产) site by UNESCO. Many people, including archaeologists (考古学家) and researchers, work hard to take care of the Mogao Caves and learn more about them. Fan Jinshi is one of them. Fan Jinshi was born in Beijing on July 9, 1938. Her father graduated from Tsinghua University and he had a strong interest in Chinese classical art and culture. Influenced by her father, Fan Jinshi liked visiting museums when she was in middle school. With the great love of Chinese culture, she studied in the archaeology department in Peking University and graduated in 1963. Then she started working at Dunhuang. There she spent almost 60 years taking care of Dunhuang. People call her the “Daughter of Dunhuang”. On May 4, 2023, Fan Jinshi returned to Peking University. And she brought back 10 million RMB donations to set up the Fan Jinshi Educatio Fund (基金) to support the research of Dunhuarng at Peking University. “Money should be spent in the right way. People cannot only think of themselves,” she said. “Hopefully the Fund can help Dunhuang studies at the university, so it can raise cultural confidence and strength.” 1．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)? A．World heritage sites. B．Archaeologists. C．Researchers. D．The Mogao Caves. 2．How long has Fan Jinshi worked at Dunhuang? A．For almost twenty-five years. B．For about fifty years. C．For almost sixty years. D．For about eighty-six years. 3．The Fan Jinshi Education Fund was set up ________. A．to tell people more about Dunhuang B．to help take care of the Mogao Caves C．to make people have an interest in Dunhuang D．to encourage the research of Dunhuang 4．Which of the following is the correct order about Fan Jinshi? ①Fan Jinshi was born in Beijing.  ②Fan Jinshi returned to Peking University. ③Fan Jinshi worked at Dunhuang.  ④fan Jinshi graduated from Peking University. A．①②③④ B．①④③② C．①③②④ D．①④②③ 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Fan Jinshi—Daughter of Dunhuang B．Mogao Caves—A Special Place C．Helping Dunhuang Studies D．Raising Cultural Confidence 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第一句）The Mogao Caves are a very special place in China, which lie in Dunhuang, Gansu Province. 译文：莫高窟是中国一个非常特别的地方，位于甘肃省敦煌市。 分析： 这是一个非限制性定语从句（which 引导），which 指代先行词 “The Mogao Caves”，在从句中作主语，补充说明莫高窟的地理位置。 译文 莫高窟是中国一处极为特殊的地方，位于甘肃省敦煌市。莫高窟已有数千年历史，1987 年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。 许多人，包括考古学家和研究人员，都在努力保护莫高窟，并深入了解它。樊锦诗就是其中之一。 樊锦诗于 1938 年 7 月 9 日出生在北京。她的父亲毕业于清华大学，对中国古典艺术和文化有着浓厚的兴趣。 受父亲影响，樊锦诗在中学时就喜欢参观博物馆。怀着对中国文化的热爱，她考入北京大学考古系，1963 年毕业，随后便开始在敦煌工作。在那里，她花了近 60 年的时间守护敦煌，人们称她为 “敦煌女儿”。 2023 年 5 月 4 日，樊锦诗回到北京大学，捐赠了 1000 万元人民币，设立 “樊锦诗教育基金”，用于支持北京大学的敦煌研究工作。 “钱要花在刀刃上。人不能只想着自己。” 她说，“希望这个基金能助力大学里的敦煌研究，从而提升文化自信与文化实力。” 重点词汇和短语 重点词汇 Mogao Caves 莫高窟 heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/n. 遗产 UNESCO 联合国教科文组织（全称：United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization） archaeologist /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/n. 考古学家 researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/n. 研究人员 classical /ˈklæsɪkl/adj. 古典的 culture /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/n. 文化 archaeology /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒi/n. 考古学 department /dɪˈpɑːtmənt/n. 系；部门 donation /dəʊˈneɪʃn/n. 捐赠；捐款 fund /fʌnd/n. 基金；资金 confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/n. 自信；信心 重点短语 be listed as 被列为 take care of 照顾；保护 be born in 出生于 graduate from 毕业于 have a strong interest in 对…… 有浓厚兴趣 be influenced by 受…… 影响 set up 设立；建立 support the research of 支持…… 的研究 cultural confidence 文化自信 模拟演练 Passage A （2025·山东济宁·二模）The ancient silk road was a once-in-a-lifetime journey. It was one of the most important milestones (里程碑) of trade and culture in world history, and the pioneer, Zhang Qian, could not be easily forgotten by history. He was an excellent diplomat (外交家), traveler and explorer (探险家) in the Han Dynasty of China, remembered as “the first Chinese to open their eyes to see the world” and “the Columbus (哥伦布) of the east”. In 138 BC, Zhang Qian was sent to the west of China for an alliance with the Yue-zhi people to fight against the Xiongnu. He started his trip from Chang’an to Longxi. But unluckily, Zhang was caught by the Xiongnu people just as he left Han, and was held prisoner (囚犯) for ten years. Zhang finally managed to run away with some of his men and continued to travel west. When Zhang at last reached the Yue-zhi in Northern India, he was disappointed to find that they didn’t want to fight against the Xiongnu people. On the return journey, Zhang Qian and his men were again caught. It was not until 125 BC that they returned to Chang’an. Though Zhang hadn’t finished his task, he brought back first-hand information about Central Asia. The roads Zhang Qian opened up later served as the important ways connecting Europe, the Middle East, Mesopotamia, Central Asia, and East Asia. Commodities (商品) have been transported by traders along these ways, which have been known as the “Silk Road” since the 19th century. Zhang Qian has been remembered as the great explorer that opened up a new period of cultural exchange between East and West. 1．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “alliance” in Paragraph 2? A．选择 B．探险 C．联合 D．战争 2．According to the passage, what kind of person is Zhang Qian? A．Honest and strong. B．Careful and creative. C．Proud and open-minded. D．Brave and strong-minded. 3．The writer would most probably talk about ________ after Paragraph 4. A．why traders did business along the Silk Road B．what Zhang Qian did in the rest of his lifetime C．what difficulties Zhang Qian faced during the task D．how the Silk Road made a difference to the cultural exchange 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Zhang Qian and the Silk Road. B．The Importance of the Silk Road. C．Zhang Qian and the Yue-chi People. D．Ancient Explorers and Trade in Han Dynasty. Passage B （2025·辽宁沈阳·一模） Sun Yat-sen was a very important leader in Chinese history. He was born in a small village in Guangdong Province on November 12,1866. He is a great revolutionary (革命的) pioneer because he helped to set up the Republic of China. When Sun Yat-sen was a teenager, he went to Hawaii to study. There, he learnt about Western ideas and saw how different the Western countries were from China. Later, he went to Hong Kong to study medicine and became a doctor, but he wanted more than just to help people with medicine. He wanted to help China become a strong and modern country. In 1894, Sun Yat-sen founded an organization known as Xingzhonghui in America. The organization aimed to set up a new government in China but failed at last. Sun Yat-sen didn’t give up and continued to fight for a modern China. In 1905, He formed Chinese Tongmenghui in Tokyo, where he became the leader and came up with the Three Principles of the People. He believed that China needed a big change, so in 1911 he led the Xinhai Revolution to end more than 2,000 years’ feudal monarchy (封建帝制) in China. He returned to China and became the first provisional (临时的) president of the Republic of China. In 1925, Sun Yat-sen passed away in Beijing. The year 2025 is the 100th anniversary (周年) of his death. People all over the world honor him and his ideas. Sun Yat-sen is a great man fighting for China’s future and his spirit will encourage us to move forward forever. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Sun Yat-sen’s family background. B．The choices of Sun Yat-sen’s jobs. C．Sun Yat-sen’s dream to be a doctor. D．The changes of Sun Yat-sen’s ideas. 2．Which is the right order of the events about Sun Yat-sen? ①He led the Xinhai Revolution. ②He set up Xingzhonghui in America. ③He became the first provisional president. ④He raised the Three Principles of the People. A．②③①④ B．②③④① C．②①④③ D．②④①③ 3．Which word can best describe Sun Yat-sen according to the text? A．Family-loving. B．Nation-loving. C．Fashion-loving. D．Nature-loving. 4．What is the purpose of writing the text? A．To tell a moving and funny story. B．To introduce a great national hero. C．To compare two old organizations. D．To spread Sun Yat-sen’s new ideas. Passage C This year marks the 130th anniversary (周年) of Xu Beihong’s birth. Born in 1895 in Jiangsu province, Xu was one of the “fathers of modern Chinese art”. Xu started learning Chinese painting when he was 9 years old. In 1919, he went to Paris to study sketching (素描) and learned about Western art. He worked hard to mix Chinese and Western art styles. In one of his famous works, Three Horses, Xu put together traditional Chinese coloring skills with Western realism (现实主义) to paint three strong horses standing under a big tree. After returning to China in 1927, Xu set up the National Central University Art Department. While Xu was best known for painting horses, he also painted other animals, people and important historical scenes. Many of his animal paintings have deeper meanings. In Meeting of Forces in Tokyo (《会师东京》), painted in 1943, the artist shows a group of lions that stand for China and other countries fighting against fascism (法西斯). In the background, a rising red sun shows Xu’s strong belief in winning the World Anti-Fascist War. Besides being a painter, Xu was also an art educator. He wanted his students to be creative and love beauty. During his time as director of the National Central University Art Department, he set up many new courses such as sketching, oil painting and art theory (理论). Xu not only improved Chinese painting but also helped build the Chinese modern art education system, said The Paper. 1．What did Xu Beihong do in his paintings? A．Put different art styles together. B．Painted with Western coloring skills. C．Showed traditional Chinese stories D．Created animals with simple sketches. 2．Why did the writer use Meeting of Forces in Tokyo as an example? A．To tell us Xu loved painting animals very much. B．To share Xu’s famous works with other painters. C．To show Xu painted animals with deeper meanings. D．To enjoy animals with a big group in Xu’s paintings. 3．Put the events about Xu Beihong into the correct order according to the passage. a. He went to Paris to study sketching. b. He started learning Chinese painting.     c. He painted his work called Meeting of Forces in Tokyo. d. He set up the National Central University Art Department. A．b-a-d-c B．b-d-a-c C．b-a-c-d D．b-c-d-a 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Xu’s most creative and beautiful works. B．Xu’s role in Chinese art education. C．The success of Xu’s students in Chinese art. D．Xu’s different ways of creating Chinese art. 5．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A．Xu was a brave and warm-hearted painter in China. B．Xu played an important role in modern Chinese art. C．Xu did a lot in winning the World Anti-Fascist War. D．The Chinese modern art education system was successful. Passage D Most architects (建筑师) hope to add to the character of a city, but Ieoh Ming Pei, one of the world’s best known architects, designs many iconic (符号的) buildings in cities around the world. The JFK President Library in Boston, US (1979), the Louvre Pyramid in Paris (1989), the Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong (1990) and the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatar (2008), are just a few of his many creations. The man behind these landmark buildings died on May 16, at age 102. Pei once noted that a typical style of design “is of no help to an architect”. Instead, he was known for his eclectic (兼收并蓄的) style, bringing together seemingly opposite ideas into each design— East and West, ancient and modem, natural and man-made. This may come from his education. Born and raised in China, he went to the US to study architecture at 18. He studied at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and then completed his Master of Arts study at Harvard. “I’ve never left China,” the Chinese-American Pei once told The Financial Times. “My family’s been there for 600 years.” Pei tried to include local and historical ideas in his designs. When designing the Suzhou Museum in the 2000s, he took new ideas from the city’s beautiful classical gardens. Instead of building a giant to overshadow (使……失色) them, Pei built small halls with traditional white walls and dark roofs, in the style of other gardens. Besides matching his design to the local surroundings, Pei also thought that light was a key factor in creating a lively atmosphere (氛围). He cares a lot about sunshine in his designs. The glass pyramid of the Louvre Museum in Paris is a good example. It doesn’t hide the buildings around it. Instead, it reflects (映照) them in the sunlight. It also serves as a huge window, letting sunlight into the museum. Today, many people visit the Louvre and take photos of the pyramid. In the end, what Pei valued most in architecture, he said, was that the buildings could “stand the test of time” . As The New York Times sums up, he didn’t just want to solve problems but also to produce “an architecture of ideas”. 1．According to the passage, which is Ieoh Ming Pei’s design? ①the Suzhou Museum ②the Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong ③the Louvre Museum in Paris ④the JFK President Library in Boston A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 2．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Pei’s historical ideas. B．Pei’s western ideas. C．Pei’s modern style. D．Pei’s eclectic style. 3．Which of the following descriptions about Pei’s designs is NOT right? A．Pei is good at putting different ideas into his designs. B．Pei designed the Suzhou Museum in a Western style. C．The buildings Pei designed have a lasting value. D．The buildings Pei designed are a good match for the surroundings. 4．What does the sentence “stand the test of time” in Paragraph 7 mean? A．Buildings should be built with the most expensive materials. B．Buildings should be designed to be taller than others. C．Buildings should be able to last long and remain significant. D．Buildings should be decorated with the most fashionable things. Passage E 请阅读全文，并从下列的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul. 1 But there’s one person in China who is called the “teacher of teachers”. He is Chinese educator Tao Xingzhi. Last year marked the 130 anniversary of his birth. People in different parts of China memorize Tao by visiting his memorial halls or holding meetings to think back on his thoughts on education. Born in Anhui province, China, 1891, Tao studied at Columbia University, the US, in 1914. 2 But when Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not blindly copy Dewey’s education method or theories. For Tao, education is an active process in real-life experiences rather than one of telling and being told. He encouraged “unity of teaching, learning, and reflective acting”. 3 After conducting surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that the rate of urban illiteracy (文盲) in China went beyond 70 percent. 4 To deal with the lack of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal college (晓庄师范学院) in the northern suburbs of Nanjing to train teachers and educators, most of whom became teachers at rural schools. 5 He set up Yucai Middle School in the suburbs of Chongqing and offered free education to refugee (避难) children after the Japanese invasion of China began in 1937. Maybe Tao’s moto is the best explanation for his life, “Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return,not even a leaf of grass.” A．There he studied educational philosophy under the guidance of John Dewey, an American philosopher and educational reformer (改革家). B．Even during the anti-Japanese war, Tao never forgot his dream. C．To solve the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working. D．They are tasked with the mission to spread knowledge ideas and truth. E．On the voyage of life, he lit the light of hope for everyone. F．Apart from reforming (改革) education methods, Tao also tried his best to promote the education for ordinary people. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Great minds 名人轶事 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 221 介绍中国射击运动员黄雨婷，讲述其在射击领域的成就，及她的成长经历等。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 345 文章主要讲述美国YouTube博主IShowSpeed(甲亢哥)2025年3月24 - 28日访华，向全球粉丝展示真实中国的经历。 真题示例 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 314 讲述了山东慈峪村78岁农民王子忠，42年来带领家人绿化荒山、保护森林的故事。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 225 主要讲述了被誉为“敦煌女儿”的樊锦诗在保护莫高窟上所付出的努力和做出的贡献。 模拟演练 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 277 主要介绍了汉代外交家、旅行家和探险家张骞开辟丝绸之路的历史事迹。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 262 主要讲述了孙中山先生从少年时期到领导革命，为建立中华民国所做出的努力，以及他的伟大精神对后世的深远影响。 Passage C 阅读理解 记叙文 250 主要记叙著名画家徐悲鸿的人生经历，他是一位生于忧患、自强不息的艺术巨匠。 Passage D 阅读理解 记叙文 376 本文讲述了世界著名建筑师贝聿铭的设计理念、代表作品及其对建筑艺术的贡献。 Passage E 阅读还原 记叙文 256 主要介绍了教育家陶行知。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · Do not, for one repulse, give up the purpose that you resolved to effect.（William Shakespeare, British dramatist） 不要只因一次失败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目的。（英国剧作家 威廉・莎士比亚） · Don't part with your illusions. When they are gone you may still exist, but you have ceased to live.（Mark Twain, American writer） 不要放弃你的幻想。当幻想没有了以后，你还可以生存，但是你虽生犹死。（美国作家 马克・吐温） · Ideal is the beacon. Without ideal, there is no secure direction; without direction, there is no life.（Leo Tolstoy, Russian writer） 理想是指路明灯。没有理想，就没有坚定的方向；没有方向，就没有生活。（俄国作家 列夫・托尔斯泰） · If winter comes, can spring be far behind?（P.B.Shelley, British poet） 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？（英国诗人 珀西・比希・雪莱） If you would go up high, then use your own legs! Do not let yourselves carried aloft; do not seat yourselves on · Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.（Alexander Dumas, French Writer） 生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。（法国作家 大仲马） · The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.（Johan Wolfgang von Goethe, German Poet and dramatist） 人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标，并决心实现它。（德国诗人、戏剧家 约翰・沃尔夫冈・冯・歌德） · Learning without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without learning ends in danger. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆：（孔子） · A thousand - li journey is started by taking the first step.（千里之行，始于足下。） 时文阅读 Passage A(奥运冠军黄雨婷) （2025·广东中山·三模）Chinese shooter Huang Yuting is an Olympic champion and a world record holder. In Oct. 2024, Huang 1 the women’s 10 m air rifle (气步枪) gold with a new world record at the ISSF World Cup Final. With this, she has now completed a Grand Slam (大满贯) by winning 2 medals at the World Championships, the Olympics and the World Cup Finals. Born in 2006 in Zhejiang, Huang joined the shooting team at a local sports school in 2017. Though she practised 3 for at least an hour each day, she balanced her schoolwork and shooting training well. “She was always serious and hard-working, never 4 a class,” Lin Kehan, Huang’s first coach, told China Daily. Huang’s hard work 5 . At age 15, she became the 6 shooter on the national team. Huang’s good mindset (心态) has also played a part in her 7 . Huang is good at shooting. She shows her good shooting skills in every competition, 8 in important ones. “The mindset is important in shooting. You have to be 9 to get through hard times,” Huang said. Looking ahead, Huang will face many more 10 . But everyone believes she will keep succeeding. That is because she works hard and never gives up. 1．A．realized B．won C．started D．invited 2．A．steel B．silver C．gold D．glass 3．A．running B．choosing C．shooting D．regretting 4．A．attending B．having C．missing D．completing 5．A．paid off B．took up C．kept on D．got over 6．A．richest B．worst C．oldest D．youngest 7．A．success B．support C．culture D．choice 8．A．truly B．especially C．hardly D．completely 9．A．special B．surprising C．basic D．brave 10．A．competitions B．decisions C．changes D．reasons 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文介绍中国射击运动员黄雨婷，讲述其在射击领域的成就，还提及她的成长经历、教练评价、努力的成果，以及心态对其成功的作用，展望未来她将面对更多比赛，因努力和坚持有望继续成功。 1．句意：2024年10月，黄雨婷在国际射联世界杯总决赛中，以一项新的世界纪录赢得女子10米气步枪金牌。 realized意识到；won赢得；started开始；invited邀请。根据“In Oct. 2024, Huang … the women’s 10 m air rifle (气步枪) gold with a new world record at the ISSF World Cup Final.”可知，这里表示黄雨婷赢得了气步枪金牌。win the gold表示“赢得金牌”。故选B。 2．句意：凭借此成绩，她如今已通过在世界锦标赛、奥运会和世界杯总决赛中赢得金牌，完成了大满贯。 steel钢铁；silver银牌；gold金牌；glass玻璃。根据“With this, she has now completed a Grand Slam (大满贯) by winning … medals at the World Championships, the Olympics and the World Cup Finals.”可知，大满贯通常指赢得重要赛事金牌。故选C。 3．句意：尽管她每天至少练习射击一小时，但她很好地平衡了学业和射击训练。 running跑步；choosing选择；shooting射击；regretting后悔。根据“Though she practised … for at least an hour each day, she balanced her schoolwork and shooting training well.”可知，黄雨婷是气步枪运动，日常练习是射击。故选C。 4．句意：“她一直认真且勤奋，从未缺过一节课。”黄雨婷的首任教练林克汉告诉《中国日报》。 attending参加；having有；missing错过；completing完成。根据“She was always serious and hard-working, never … a class,”结合认真勤奋可知，推断她从未缺课。故选C。 5．句意：黄雨婷的努力得到了回报。 paid off（努力）得到回报；took up开始从事；kept on继续；got over克服。根据“Huang’s hard work 5 . At age 15, she became...”可知，后文说15岁取得成就，说明努力得到回报。故选A。 6．句意：15岁时，她成为国家队最年轻的射击运动员。 richest最富有的；worst最坏的；oldest最年长的；youngest最年轻的。根据“At age …, she became the 6 shooter on the national team.”可知，15岁在国家队属于年龄小。故选D。 7．句意：黄雨婷良好的心态也在她的成功中发挥了作用。 success成功；support支持；culture文化；choice选择。根据“Huang’s good mindset (心态) has also played a part in her .”结合前文讲她取得的成就，可知心态助力成功。故选A。 8．句意：她在每场比赛中都展现出良好的射击技巧，尤其在重要赛事中。 truly真实地；especially特别地；hardly几乎不；completely完全地。根据“She shows her good shooting skills in every competition, … in important ones.”可知，这里表示重要比赛，强调重要性。故选B。 9．句意：“心态在射击中很重要。你必须勇敢才能度过艰难时刻。”黄雨婷说。 special特别的；surprising惊讶的；basic基础的；brave勇敢的。根据“You have to be … to get through hard times,”可知，度过艰难时刻需要勇敢。故选D。 10．句意：展望未来，黄雨婷将面临更多比赛。 competitions比赛；decisions决定；changes改变；reasons原因。根据“Looking ahead, Huang will face many more …. But everyone believes she will keep succeeding.”可知，结合射击运动员身份，未来面对的是更多的比赛。故选A。 长难句解析 原句：（第二段第二句）Though she practised shooting for at least an hour each day, she balanced her schoolwork and shooting training well. 译文：尽管她每天至少练习射击一小时，但她却能很好地平衡学业和射击训练。 分析：这是一个含让步状语从句的复合句。从句 “Though she practised shooting for at least an hour each day”（尽管她每天至少练习射击一小时）由 “though” 引导，表让步；主句 “she balanced her schoolwork and shooting training well”（她却能很好地平衡学业和射击训练）说明主句动作与从句形成对比。 译文 中国射击运动员黄雨婷是奥运会冠军和世界纪录保持者。2024 年 10 月，在国际射联世界杯总决赛中，黄雨婷以一项新的世界纪录夺得女子 10 米气步枪金牌。凭借这一成绩，她如今已完成大满贯 —— 在世界锦标赛、奥运会和世界杯总决赛中均斩获金牌。 黄雨婷 2006 年出生于浙江，2017 年加入当地体校的射击队。尽管她每天至少练习射击一小时，但她却能很好地平衡学业和射击训练。“她总是认真又勤奋，从不缺课。” 黄雨婷的首任教练林克汉在接受《中国日报》采访时表示。黄雨婷的努力得到了回报。15 岁时，她成为国家队最年轻的射击运动员。黄雨婷良好的心态也为她的成功助力。 黄雨婷擅长射击，她在每场比赛中都展现出出色的射击技巧，尤其是在重要赛事中。“心态在射击中很重要。你必须勇敢才能度过艰难时刻。” 黄雨婷说。展望未来，黄雨婷将面临更多比赛。但所有人都相信她会持续取得成功，因为她勤奋努力且永不放弃。 Passage B An American YouTuber named IShowSpeed, who people often call “Jiakang Ge (甲亢哥)”, visited China from March 24 to 28, 2025. He introduced modern China to his 37 million fans all over the world. The 20-year-old content creator went to Shanghai, Beijing, and Xi’ an. His live broadcasts changed what many Western people think about China. First, he went to Shanghai’s Pudong area. It looks really modern. He danced with old people in the parks. He tried street food, like soup dumplings ordered on an app. He also tested Xiaomi’s SU7 Ultra electric car. The car has a very strong engine with 1,526 horsepower and it costs $70,000. He was really surprised. During a live show watched by 5.6 million people, he said again and again, “This is better than a Lamborghini!” People around the world saw that China’s streets are very clean and its transportation is really good. Next, in Beijing, I Show Speed got to know Chinese culture. He wore colorful local clothes. On the Great Wall, he did a backflip and shouted, “This is real history!” He also really liked eating spic y hotpot. His live shows showed busy night markets and how friendly people are in China. People from other countries said, “Chinese cities seem safer than our cities.” I Show Speed talked a lot about how good China’s technology is. When he took the bullet train to Xi’ an, he was amazed because he could use 5G even in tunnels. He said, “In New York, you can’t even send texts on the subway!” His six-hour live show from Shanghai was in very clear 1440p resolution. This showed how advanced (先进的) China’s Internet is. It surprised many people who didn’t believe what they saw in the media before. This cultural exchange started many discussions around the world. Some people thought these scenes were made up. But most people thought his reactions showed what life is really like in China. Chinese officials said this visit was “people-to-people diplomacy”. Foreign people said it showed the real China, without political (政治上的) opinions. 1．What was the main purpose of I Show Speed’s China visit? A．To spread Chinese traditional culture. B．To test new technological products in China. C．To compete with local content creators. D．To learn Chinese culture and show real China to his fans 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The cars of Xiaomi’s SU7 Ultra are more expensive than those of Lamborghini. B．I Show Speed wore and praised the quality of colorful local clothes. C．I Show Speed danced with old people in the parks of Beijing. D．I Show Speed’s six-hour live show from Shanghai was very clear and smooth. 3．Why did the author compare China’s bullet train with New York’s subway? A．To show that New York’s subway is better B．To explain why I Show Speed prefers China C．To show China’s advanced technology D．To encourage people to take subways in New York 4．What does the underlined phrase “people-to-people diplomacy” probably mean? A．The government organized I Show Speed’s trip to show real China. B．Common people can help build understanding between countries. C．Only officials can build friendship with other countries. D．I Show Speed’s trip was a secret task. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The influence of technology on culture B．An American’s travel experiences in China C．Comparing Chinese and Western lifestyles D．The economic growth in Chinese cities 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述美国YouTube博主IShowSpeed2025年3月24 - 28日访华，向全球粉丝展示真实中国的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“He introduced modern China to his 37 million fans all over the world. …His live broadcasts changed what many Western people think about China.”可知，他访华是为了解中国文化并向粉丝展示真实的中国，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“His six - hour live show from Shanghai was in very clear 1440p resolution.”可知，他从上海的六小时直播清晰流畅，故选 D。 3．推理判断题。根据文中“I Show Speed talked a lot about how good China’s technology is. When he took the bullet train to Xi’an, he was amazed because he could use 5G even in tunnels. He said, ‘In New York, you can’t even send texts on the subway!’”可知，IShowSpeed大谈中国科技有多好，当他乘高铁去西安时，很惊讶因为在隧道里都能使用 5G，他说“在纽约，你在地铁上甚至发不了短信” ，故对比是为展示中国先进科技，故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据文中“Foreign people said it showed the real China, without political (政治上的) opinions.”可知，外国人说这展示了真实的中国，没有政治观点，可推知“people-to-people diplomacy”意思是民间外交，即普通人助力国家间理解，故选B。 5．主旨大意题。文章围绕美国博主IShowSpeed访华，讲述其在上海、北京、西安的旅行经历及对中国的展示，故选B。 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第一句）An American YouTuber named IShowSpeed, who people often call “Jiakang Ge (甲亢哥)”, visited China from March 24 to 28, 2025. 译文： 分析：这是一个主从复合句。“An American YouTuber” 是句子的主语，“named IShowSpeed” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰主语，“who people often call ‘Jiakang Ge (甲亢哥)’” 是定语从句，进一步修饰主语，“visited” 是谓语动词，“China” 是宾语，“from March 24 to 28, 2025” 是时间状语。 译文 一位名叫 IShowSpeed 的美国 YouTube 博主（人们常称他为 “甲亢哥”）于 2025 年 3 月 24 日至 28 日访问了中国。他向全球 3700 万粉丝介绍了现代中国。这位 20 岁的内容创作者去了上海、北京和西安。他的直播改变了许多西方人对中国的看法。 首先，他去了上海的浦东地区。那里看起来非常现代化。他和公园里的老人一起跳舞。他品尝了街头美食，比如通过应用程序订购的小笼包。他还体验了小米 SU7 Ultra 电动汽车。这辆车有一个非常强劲的发动机，功率达 1526 马力，售价 7 万美元。他感到非常惊讶。在一场有 560 万人观看的直播中，他一遍又一遍地说：“这比兰博基尼还好！” 全世界的人们都看到了中国的街道非常干净，交通也非常便利。 接下来，在北京，IShowSpeed 了解了中国文化。他穿上了色彩鲜艳的当地服饰。在长城上，他翻了个跟头，喊道：“这是真正的历史！” 他还非常喜欢吃麻辣火锅。他的直播展示了热闹的夜市以及中国人的友好。其他国家的人们说：“中国的城市似乎比我们的城市更安全。” IShowSpeed 多次谈到中国的科技有多好。当他乘坐高铁去西安时，他感到很惊讶，因为即使在隧道里他也能使用 5G。他说：“在纽约，你在地铁上甚至都发不了短信！” 他来自上海的六小时直播有着非常清晰的 1440p 分辨率。这展示了中国互联网有多先进。这让许多以前不相信他们在媒体上看到的内容的人感到惊讶。 这次文化交流在全球引发了许多讨论。一些人认为这些场景是编造的。但大多数人认为他的反应展示了中国的真实生活。中国官员称这次访问是 “民间外交”。外国人士表示，这展示了真实的中国，不带政治观点。 真题示例 Passage A(2025年云南中考真题) Wang Zizhong, a 78-year-old farmer from Ciyu village in Shandong, has devoted the past 42 years of his life to greening mountains and protecting forests with his family. In 1983, Wang Zizhong saw the poor hills to the north of Ciyu and started thinking about planting trees on them. The serious soil erosion (土壤侵蚀) on the mountains had greatly influenced the lives of the villagers. He left his job as a teacher, rented the land from the local government and took on the task of greening the poor hills. He led his family up the mountains and began the arduous journey of planting trees. At that time, he and his wife left their two teenage sons in the cave while the couple dug holes for the trees. There were no roads, so Wang had to carry tree seedlings and water on his shoulder and walk kilometers to the mountains. The water he carried each time could only water seven or eight trees. So he had to make many trips every day. The family would stay on the mountains for over a month at a time. They slept in the cave, ate pancakes and drank mountain stream water. In 1997, Wang’s wife passed away suddenly from a heart attack while she was on the mountains. However, Wang didn’t give up. He continued to live and work on the mountains, planting trees. As Wang grew older, he passed on the task of forest protection to his son. Influenced by his father, Wang Tao took over the job and worked hard every day to carry on the family’s work. Over 42 years, the Wang family has planted over 200,000 trees, covering more than 133 hectares. Their efforts have turned the poor mountains into green forests, leaving a “green treasure” for future and showing that the idea of green development is increasingly taking root in people’s hearts. 1．Why did Wang Zizhong decide to plant trees? A．He wanted to improve local life. B．He hoped to make more money. C．It was a good way to keep himself busy. D．The government called on people to do so. 2．What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Educational. B．Difficult. C．Interesting. D．Boring. 3．What did Wang Zizhong do after his wife’s death? A．He greened the hills as usual. B．He suffered from a serious disease. C．He chose to stay on the mountains alone. D．He let his son continue his work at once. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The harm of soil erosion to a village. B．A villager’s teaching career and later life. C．The road to forest protection in Ciyu village. D．A family’s long-term efforts to green mountains. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了山东慈峪村78岁农民王子忠，42年来带领家人绿化荒山、保护森林的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“The serious soil erosion (土壤侵蚀) on the mountains had greatly influenced the lives of the villagers. He left his job... and took on the task of greening the poor hills.”可知，说明王子忠种树是为改善当地因土壤侵蚀影响的生活。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“no roads, carry tree seedlings and water... make many trips every day”可知，种树过程很艰难。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Wang didn’t give up. He continued to live and work on the mountains, planting trees.”可知，即妻子去世后他继续像往常一样绿化荒山。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读原文可知，文章围绕王子忠一家42年绿化荒山、保护森林的长期努力展开。故选D。 长难句解析 原句：（最后一段第一句）Their efforts have turned the poor mountains into green forests, leaving a “green treasure” for future and showing that the idea of green development is increasingly taking root in people’s hearts. 译文：他们的努力让荒山变成了郁郁葱葱的森林，为未来留下了一份 “绿色财富”，也彰显出绿色发展理念正日益在人们心中扎根。 分析：主句为 “Their efforts have turned the poor mountains into green forests”（他们的努力将荒山变成了绿色森林），使用 “turn...into...” 结构体现变化的结果。 现在分词短语 “leaving a ‘green treasure’ for future” 和 “showing that...hearts” 作伴随状语，补充说明 “将荒山变森林” 带来的两个结果：一是为未来留下 “绿色财富”；二是表明绿色发展理念日益深入人心。 第二个分词短语中包含宾语从句 “that the idea...hearts”，其中 “taking root in”（扎根于）生动形象地描述了绿色发展理念被人们接受的过程。 译文 来自山东慈峪村的 78 岁农民王子忠，在过去 42 年里和家人一起投身于荒山绿化与森林保护事业。 1983 年，王子忠看到慈峪村北面的荒山，便开始琢磨在山上种树。山上严重的土壤侵蚀极大地影响了村民的生活。 他辞去了教师的工作，从当地政府租下这片土地，承担起绿化荒山的任务。他带领家人上山，开启了艰辛的种树之路。 那时候，他和妻子把两个十几岁的儿子留在山洞里，夫妻俩则忙着挖树坑。山上没有路，王子忠不得不肩扛树苗和水，步行几公里上山。他每次带的水只能浇七八棵树，所以每天都要往返很多趟。 这家人一次在山上要住一个多月，他们睡在山洞里，吃着煎饼，喝着山涧里的水。 1997 年，王子忠的妻子在山上时突发心脏病去世。然而，王子忠没有放弃，他继续在山上生活、劳作，坚持种树。 随着年龄增长，王子忠把护林的任务交给了儿子。受父亲影响，王涛接下了这份工作，每天辛勤劳作，延续着家里的事业。42 年来，王家共种植了 20 多万棵树，覆盖面积超过 133 公顷。 他们的努力让荒山变成了郁郁葱葱的森林，为未来留下了一份 “绿色财富”，也彰显出绿色发展理念正日益在人们心中扎根。 重点词汇和短语 核心词汇 devote /dɪˈvəʊt/v. 致力于；奉献 greening /ˈɡriːnɪŋ/n. 绿化 forest /ˈfɒrɪst/n. 森林 soil erosion 土壤侵蚀 influence /ˈɪnfluəns/v. 影响；n. 影响 rent /rent/v. 租用；n. 租金 task /tɑːsk/n. 任务 seedling /ˈsiːdlɪŋ/n. 幼苗 journey /ˈdʒɜːni/n. 旅程；历程 continue /kənˈtɪnjuː/v. 继续 hectare /ˈhekteə(r)/n. 公顷（面积单位） effort /ˈefət/n. 努力 treasure /ˈtreʒə(r)/n. 宝藏 development /dɪˈveləpmənt/n. 发展 核心短语 devote...to... 把…… 致力于…… take on 承担；接受 carry on 继续；坚持 pass on 传递；传承 take root 扎根；深入人心 at a time 一次；每次 lead...to... 带领…… 去…… turn...into... 把…… 变成…… pass away 去世 heart attack 心脏病发作 Passage B(2024年四川广元中考真题) The Mogao Caves (莫高窟) are a very special place in China, which lie in Dunhuang, Gansu Prvince. The Mogao Caves are thousands of years old. In 1987, they were listed as a world heritage (遗产) site by UNESCO. Many people, including archaeologists (考古学家) and researchers, work hard to take care of the Mogao Caves and learn more about them. Fan Jinshi is one of them. Fan Jinshi was born in Beijing on July 9, 1938. Her father graduated from Tsinghua University and he had a strong interest in Chinese classical art and culture. Influenced by her father, Fan Jinshi liked visiting museums when she was in middle school. With the great love of Chinese culture, she studied in the archaeology department in Peking University and graduated in 1963. Then she started working at Dunhuang. There she spent almost 60 years taking care of Dunhuang. People call her the “Daughter of Dunhuang”. On May 4, 2023, Fan Jinshi returned to Peking University. And she brought back 10 million RMB donations to set up the Fan Jinshi Educatio Fund (基金) to support the research of Dunhuarng at Peking University. “Money should be spent in the right way. People cannot only think of themselves,” she said. “Hopefully the Fund can help Dunhuang studies at the university, so it can raise cultural confidence and strength.” 1．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)? A．World heritage sites. B．Archaeologists. C．Researchers. D．The Mogao Caves. 2．How long has Fan Jinshi worked at Dunhuang? A．For almost twenty-five years. B．For about fifty years. C．For almost sixty years. D．For about eighty-six years. 3．The Fan Jinshi Education Fund was set up ________. A．to tell people more about Dunhuang B．to help take care of the Mogao Caves C．to make people have an interest in Dunhuang D．to encourage the research of Dunhuang 4．Which of the following is the correct order about Fan Jinshi? ①Fan Jinshi was born in Beijing.  ②Fan Jinshi returned to Peking University. ③Fan Jinshi worked at Dunhuang.  ④fan Jinshi graduated from Peking University. A．①②③④ B．①④③② C．①③②④ D．①④②③ 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Fan Jinshi—Daughter of Dunhuang B．Mogao Caves—A Special Place C．Helping Dunhuang Studies D．Raising Cultural Confidence 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了被誉为“敦煌女儿”的樊锦诗在保护莫高窟上所付出的努力和做出的贡献。 1．代词指代题。根据“Many people, including archaeologists (考古学家) and researchers, work hard to take care of the Mogao Caves and learn more about them.”可知，them指代的是Mogao Caves。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“There she spent almost 60 years taking care of Dunhuang”可知，樊锦诗在敦煌工作了将近60年。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“to set up the Fan Jinshi Educatio Fund (基金) to support the research of Dunhuarng at Peking University.”可知，这个基金的设立是为了鼓励对敦煌的研究。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Fan Jinshi was born in Beijing…she studied in the archaeology department in Peking University and graduated in 1963. Then she started working at Dunhuang…On May 4, 2023, Fan Jinshi returned to Peking University.”可知，事件顺序为①出生→④毕业→③工作→②回到大学。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了被人们誉为“敦煌女儿”的樊锦诗的努力和贡献，因此选项A“樊锦诗——敦煌之女”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第一句）The Mogao Caves are a very special place in China, which lie in Dunhuang, Gansu Province. 译文：莫高窟是中国一个非常特别的地方，位于甘肃省敦煌市。 分析： 这是一个非限制性定语从句（which 引导），which 指代先行词 “The Mogao Caves”，在从句中作主语，补充说明莫高窟的地理位置。 译文 莫高窟是中国一处极为特殊的地方，位于甘肃省敦煌市。莫高窟已有数千年历史，1987 年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。 许多人，包括考古学家和研究人员，都在努力保护莫高窟，并深入了解它。樊锦诗就是其中之一。 樊锦诗于 1938 年 7 月 9 日出生在北京。她的父亲毕业于清华大学，对中国古典艺术和文化有着浓厚的兴趣。 受父亲影响，樊锦诗在中学时就喜欢参观博物馆。怀着对中国文化的热爱，她考入北京大学考古系，1963 年毕业，随后便开始在敦煌工作。在那里，她花了近 60 年的时间守护敦煌，人们称她为 “敦煌女儿”。 2023 年 5 月 4 日，樊锦诗回到北京大学，捐赠了 1000 万元人民币，设立 “樊锦诗教育基金”，用于支持北京大学的敦煌研究工作。 “钱要花在刀刃上。人不能只想着自己。” 她说，“希望这个基金能助力大学里的敦煌研究，从而提升文化自信与文化实力。” 重点词汇和短语 重点词汇 Mogao Caves 莫高窟 heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/n. 遗产 UNESCO 联合国教科文组织（全称：United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization） archaeologist /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/n. 考古学家 researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/n. 研究人员 classical /ˈklæsɪkl/adj. 古典的 culture /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/n. 文化 archaeology /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒi/n. 考古学 department /dɪˈpɑːtmənt/n. 系；部门 donation /dəʊˈneɪʃn/n. 捐赠；捐款 fund /fʌnd/n. 基金；资金 confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/n. 自信；信心 重点短语 be listed as 被列为 take care of 照顾；保护 be born in 出生于 graduate from 毕业于 have a strong interest in 对…… 有浓厚兴趣 be influenced by 受…… 影响 set up 设立；建立 support the research of 支持…… 的研究 cultural confidence 文化自信 模拟演练 Passage A （2025·山东济宁·二模）The ancient silk road was a once-in-a-lifetime journey. It was one of the most important milestones (里程碑) of trade and culture in world history, and the pioneer, Zhang Qian, could not be easily forgotten by history. He was an excellent diplomat (外交家), traveler and explorer (探险家) in the Han Dynasty of China, remembered as “the first Chinese to open their eyes to see the world” and “the Columbus (哥伦布) of the east”. In 138 BC, Zhang Qian was sent to the west of China for an alliance with the Yue-zhi people to fight against the Xiongnu. He started his trip from Chang’an to Longxi. But unluckily, Zhang was caught by the Xiongnu people just as he left Han, and was held prisoner (囚犯) for ten years. Zhang finally managed to run away with some of his men and continued to travel west. When Zhang at last reached the Yue-zhi in Northern India, he was disappointed to find that they didn’t want to fight against the Xiongnu people. On the return journey, Zhang Qian and his men were again caught. It was not until 125 BC that they returned to Chang’an. Though Zhang hadn’t finished his task, he brought back first-hand information about Central Asia. The roads Zhang Qian opened up later served as the important ways connecting Europe, the Middle East, Mesopotamia, Central Asia, and East Asia. Commodities (商品) have been transported by traders along these ways, which have been known as the “Silk Road” since the 19th century. Zhang Qian has been remembered as the great explorer that opened up a new period of cultural exchange between East and West. 1．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “alliance” in Paragraph 2? A．选择 B．探险 C．联合 D．战争 2．According to the passage, what kind of person is Zhang Qian? A．Honest and strong. B．Careful and creative. C．Proud and open-minded. D．Brave and strong-minded. 3．The writer would most probably talk about ________ after Paragraph 4. A．why traders did business along the Silk Road B．what Zhang Qian did in the rest of his lifetime C．what difficulties Zhang Qian faced during the task D．how the Silk Road made a difference to the cultural exchange 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Zhang Qian and the Silk Road. B．The Importance of the Silk Road. C．Zhang Qian and the Yue-chi People. D．Ancient Explorers and Trade in Han Dynasty. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了汉代外交家、旅行家和探险家张骞开辟丝绸之路的历史事迹。 1．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Zhang Qian was sent to the west of China for an alliance with the Yue-zhi people to fight against the Xiongnu”可知，张骞出使西域的目的是与月氏人结盟对抗匈奴，因此“alliance”意为“联合”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文中描述可知，张骞历经十年囚禁仍坚持完成使命，并开辟了丝绸之路，体现了他勇敢和意志坚定的品质。故选D。 3．推理判断题。第四段提到丝绸之路促进了东西方文化交流，接下来作者最可能围绕丝绸之路对文化交流的影响展开论述。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。全文围绕张骞出使西域的经历及其开辟丝绸之路的贡献展开，重点讲述张骞与丝绸之路的关系。故选A。 Passage B （2025·辽宁沈阳·一模） Sun Yat-sen was a very important leader in Chinese history. He was born in a small village in Guangdong Province on November 12,1866. He is a great revolutionary (革命的) pioneer because he helped to set up the Republic of China. When Sun Yat-sen was a teenager, he went to Hawaii to study. There, he learnt about Western ideas and saw how different the Western countries were from China. Later, he went to Hong Kong to study medicine and became a doctor, but he wanted more than just to help people with medicine. He wanted to help China become a strong and modern country. In 1894, Sun Yat-sen founded an organization known as Xingzhonghui in America. The organization aimed to set up a new government in China but failed at last. Sun Yat-sen didn’t give up and continued to fight for a modern China. In 1905, He formed Chinese Tongmenghui in Tokyo, where he became the leader and came up with the Three Principles of the People. He believed that China needed a big change, so in 1911 he led the Xinhai Revolution to end more than 2,000 years’ feudal monarchy (封建帝制) in China. He returned to China and became the first provisional (临时的) president of the Republic of China. In 1925, Sun Yat-sen passed away in Beijing. The year 2025 is the 100th anniversary (周年) of his death. People all over the world honor him and his ideas. Sun Yat-sen is a great man fighting for China’s future and his spirit will encourage us to move forward forever. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Sun Yat-sen’s family background. B．The choices of Sun Yat-sen’s jobs. C．Sun Yat-sen’s dream to be a doctor. D．The changes of Sun Yat-sen’s ideas. 2．Which is the right order of the events about Sun Yat-sen? ①He led the Xinhai Revolution. ②He set up Xingzhonghui in America. ③He became the first provisional president. ④He raised the Three Principles of the People. A．②③①④ B．②③④① C．②①④③ D．②④①③ 3．Which word can best describe Sun Yat-sen according to the text? A．Family-loving. B．Nation-loving. C．Fashion-loving. D．Nature-loving. 4．What is the purpose of writing the text? A．To tell a moving and funny story. B．To introduce a great national hero. C．To compare two old organizations. D．To spread Sun Yat-sen’s new ideas. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了孙中山先生从少年时期到领导革命，为建立中华民国所做出的努力，以及他的伟大精神对后世的深远影响。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“When Sun Yat-sen was a teenager, he went to Hawaii to study. There, he learnt about Western ideas and saw how different the Western countries were from China. Later, he went to Hong Kong to study medicine and became a doctor, but he wanted more than just to help people with medicine. He wanted to help China become a strong and modern country.”可知，本段主要讲述了孙中山先生从少年时期到青年时期，思想上的变化，从最初去西方学习，到后来想成为一名医生，但最终他的梦想是帮助中国成为一个强大而现代的国家。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“In 1894, Sun Yat-sen founded an organization known as Xingzhonghui in America.”可知，1894年，孙中山在美国创立了一个名为兴中会的组织，对应②；根据“He believed that China needed a big change, so in 1911 he led the Xinhai Revolution to end more than 2,000 years’ feudal monarchy (封建帝制) in China.”可知，1911年，他领导了辛亥革命，对应①；根据“In 1905, He formed Chinese Tongmenghui in Tokyo, where he became the leader and came up with the Three Principles of the People.”可知，1905年，他在东京成立了中国同盟会，并提出了三民主义，对应④；根据“He returned to China and became the first provisional (临时的) president of the Republic of China.”可知，他回到中国，成为中华民国第一任临时总统，对应③。所以正确的顺序是②④①③。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sun Yat-sen is a great man fighting for China’s future and his spirit will encourage us to move forward forever.”可知，孙中山先生是一个为国家未来而奋斗的伟人，他的精神将永远鼓励我们前进。由此可推知，孙中山先生是一个爱国的人。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，文章主要讲述了孙中山先生的生平事迹，以及他对中国革命和现代化的贡献，他的精神对后世的深远影响。因此，文章的目的是介绍一位伟大的民族英雄。故选B。 Passage C This year marks the 130th anniversary (周年) of Xu Beihong’s birth. Born in 1895 in Jiangsu province, Xu was one of the “fathers of modern Chinese art”. Xu started learning Chinese painting when he was 9 years old. In 1919, he went to Paris to study sketching (素描) and learned about Western art. He worked hard to mix Chinese and Western art styles. In one of his famous works, Three Horses, Xu put together traditional Chinese coloring skills with Western realism (现实主义) to paint three strong horses standing under a big tree. After returning to China in 1927, Xu set up the National Central University Art Department. While Xu was best known for painting horses, he also painted other animals, people and important historical scenes. Many of his animal paintings have deeper meanings. In Meeting of Forces in Tokyo (《会师东京》), painted in 1943, the artist shows a group of lions that stand for China and other countries fighting against fascism (法西斯). In the background, a rising red sun shows Xu’s strong belief in winning the World Anti-Fascist War. Besides being a painter, Xu was also an art educator. He wanted his students to be creative and love beauty. During his time as director of the National Central University Art Department, he set up many new courses such as sketching, oil painting and art theory (理论). Xu not only improved Chinese painting but also helped build the Chinese modern art education system, said The Paper. 1．What did Xu Beihong do in his paintings? A．Put different art styles together. B．Painted with Western coloring skills. C．Showed traditional Chinese stories D．Created animals with simple sketches. 2．Why did the writer use Meeting of Forces in Tokyo as an example? A．To tell us Xu loved painting animals very much. B．To share Xu’s famous works with other painters. C．To show Xu painted animals with deeper meanings. D．To enjoy animals with a big group in Xu’s paintings. 3．Put the events about Xu Beihong into the correct order according to the passage. a. He went to Paris to study sketching. b. He started learning Chinese painting.     c. He painted his work called Meeting of Forces in Tokyo. d. He set up the National Central University Art Department. A．b-a-d-c B．b-d-a-c C．b-a-c-d D．b-c-d-a 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Xu’s most creative and beautiful works. B．Xu’s role in Chinese art education. C．The success of Xu’s students in Chinese art. D．Xu’s different ways of creating Chinese art. 5．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A．Xu was a brave and warm-hearted painter in China. B．Xu played an important role in modern Chinese art. C．Xu did a lot in winning the World Anti-Fascist War. D．The Chinese modern art education system was successful. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙著名画家徐悲鸿的人生经历，他是一位生于忧患、自强不息的艺术巨匠。 1．细节理解题。根据“He worked hard to mix Chinese and Western art styles. In one of his famous works, Three Horses, Xu put together traditional Chinese coloring skills with Western realism (现实主义) to paint three strong horses standing under a big tree.”可知，徐悲鸿在他的画作中努力融合中西方艺术风格，将中国传统着色技巧与西方现实主义相结合。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“Many of his animal paintings have deeper meanings. In Meeting of Forces in Tokyo (《会师东京》), painted in 1943, the artist shows a group of lions that stand for China and other countries fighting against fascism (法西斯).”可知，作者以《会师东京》为例，是为了展示徐悲鸿的动物画具有更深的含义，通过画中的狮子来象征中国和其他国家对抗法西斯的斗争。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Xu started learning Chinese painting when he was 9 years old. In 139, he went to Paris to study sketching (素描) and learned about Western art.”可知，徐悲鸿9岁开始学习中国画，139年去巴黎学习素描，因此b“他开始学习中国画”在a“他去巴黎学习素描”之前；根据“After returning to China in 1927, Xu set up the National Central University Art Department.”可知，徐悲鸿1927年回国后成立了国立中央大学艺术系，因此d“他成立了国立中央大学艺术系”在a之后；根据“In Meeting of Forces in Tokyo (《会师东京》), painted in 1943”可知，《会师东京》这幅画是1943年画的，因此c“他画了名为《会师东京》的作品”在最后。所以，正确的顺序是b-a-d-c。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，最后一段主要讲述了徐悲鸿在中国艺术教育方面的角色和贡献。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“Xu was one of the ‘fathers of modern Chinese art’.”以及后文对徐悲鸿艺术成就和教育贡献的描述可知，徐悲鸿在中国现代艺术中扮演了重要角色。故选B。 Passage D Most architects (建筑师) hope to add to the character of a city, but Ieoh Ming Pei, one of the world’s best known architects, designs many iconic (符号的) buildings in cities around the world. The JFK President Library in Boston, US (1979), the Louvre Pyramid in Paris (1989), the Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong (1990) and the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatar (2008), are just a few of his many creations. The man behind these landmark buildings died on May 16, at age 102. Pei once noted that a typical style of design “is of no help to an architect”. Instead, he was known for his eclectic (兼收并蓄的) style, bringing together seemingly opposite ideas into each design— East and West, ancient and modem, natural and man-made. This may come from his education. Born and raised in China, he went to the US to study architecture at 18. He studied at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and then completed his Master of Arts study at Harvard. “I’ve never left China,” the Chinese-American Pei once told The Financial Times. “My family’s been there for 600 years.” Pei tried to include local and historical ideas in his designs. When designing the Suzhou Museum in the 2000s, he took new ideas from the city’s beautiful classical gardens. Instead of building a giant to overshadow (使……失色) them, Pei built small halls with traditional white walls and dark roofs, in the style of other gardens. Besides matching his design to the local surroundings, Pei also thought that light was a key factor in creating a lively atmosphere (氛围). He cares a lot about sunshine in his designs. The glass pyramid of the Louvre Museum in Paris is a good example. It doesn’t hide the buildings around it. Instead, it reflects (映照) them in the sunlight. It also serves as a huge window, letting sunlight into the museum. Today, many people visit the Louvre and take photos of the pyramid. In the end, what Pei valued most in architecture, he said, was that the buildings could “stand the test of time” . As The New York Times sums up, he didn’t just want to solve problems but also to produce “an architecture of ideas”. 1．According to the passage, which is Ieoh Ming Pei’s design? ①the Suzhou Museum ②the Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong ③the Louvre Museum in Paris ④the JFK President Library in Boston A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 2．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Pei’s historical ideas. B．Pei’s western ideas. C．Pei’s modern style. D．Pei’s eclectic style. 3．Which of the following descriptions about Pei’s designs is NOT right? A．Pei is good at putting different ideas into his designs. B．Pei designed the Suzhou Museum in a Western style. C．The buildings Pei designed have a lasting value. D．The buildings Pei designed are a good match for the surroundings. 4．What does the sentence “stand the test of time” in Paragraph 7 mean? A．Buildings should be built with the most expensive materials. B．Buildings should be designed to be taller than others. C．Buildings should be able to last long and remain significant. D．Buildings should be decorated with the most fashionable things. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了世界著名建筑师贝聿铭的设计理念、代表作品及其对建筑艺术的贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“the JFK President Library in Boston, US (1979), the Louvre Pyramid in Paris (1989), the Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong (1990) and the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatar (2008)”以及第四段提到的“the Suzhou Museum”可知，①②④都是他的设计。故选D。 2．代词指代题。根据第三段提到的“he was known for his eclectic (兼收并蓄的) style”以及第四段开头的“This may come from his education”可知，“This”指的是贝聿铭的兼收并蓄的设计风格。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段提到的“Pei built small halls with traditional white walls and dark roofs, in the style of other gardens”可知，苏州博物馆的设计采用了传统的中式风格，而非西式风格。故选B。 4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段提到的“stand the test of time”以及“he didn’t just want to solve problems but also to produce ‘an architecture of ideas’”可知，贝聿铭希望他的建筑能够经得起时间的考验，保持长久的意义。故选C。 Passage E 请阅读全文，并从下列的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul. 1 But there’s one person in China who is called the “teacher of teachers”. He is Chinese educator Tao Xingzhi. Last year marked the 130 anniversary of his birth. People in different parts of China memorize Tao by visiting his memorial halls or holding meetings to think back on his thoughts on education. Born in Anhui province, China, 1891, Tao studied at Columbia University, the US, in 1914. 2 But when Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not blindly copy Dewey’s education method or theories. For Tao, education is an active process in real-life experiences rather than one of telling and being told. He encouraged “unity of teaching, learning, and reflective acting”. 3 After conducting surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that the rate of urban illiteracy (文盲) in China went beyond 70 percent. 4 To deal with the lack of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal college (晓庄师范学院) in the northern suburbs of Nanjing to train teachers and educators, most of whom became teachers at rural schools. 5 He set up Yucai Middle School in the suburbs of Chongqing and offered free education to refugee (避难) children after the Japanese invasion of China began in 1937. Maybe Tao’s moto is the best explanation for his life, “Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return,not even a leaf of grass.” A．There he studied educational philosophy under the guidance of John Dewey, an American philosopher and educational reformer (改革家). B．Even during the anti-Japanese war, Tao never forgot his dream. C．To solve the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working. D．They are tasked with the mission to spread knowledge ideas and truth. E．On the voyage of life, he lit the light of hope for everyone. F．Apart from reforming (改革) education methods, Tao also tried his best to promote the education for ordinary people. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．F 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了教育家陶行知。 1．根据“Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul.”可知，教师常被认为是人类灵魂的工程师，空处应在继续讲述教师的职责，选项D“他们肩负着传播知识、思想和真理的使命”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“Born in Anhui province, China, 1891, Tao studied at Columbia University, the US, in 1914”可知,空处应在继续描述陶行知在外求学的情况，选项A“在那里，他在美国哲学家和教育改革家约翰杜威的指导下学习教育哲学”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“After conducting surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that the rate of urban illiteracy in China went beyond 70 percent…”可知，陶留学归来后通过调查发现当时中国的文盲率高达70%，他决定培养培训教师和教育工作者，空处应在引出陶行知推出的一系列教育改革，选项F“除了改革教育方法外，陶还尽力促进普通民众的教育”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据上文描述当时中国的文盲率高及下文“…to train teachers and educators, most of whom became teachers at rural schools.”可知，空格处应在说明解决这一问题的方法，选项C“为了解决这个问题，他组织青年工人和农民边工作边学习”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“He set up Yucai Middle School in the suburbs of Chongqing and offered free education to refugee children after the Japanese invasion of China began in 1937.”可知，下文讲述了抗日战争期间陶行知创办学校，空处应在引出抗战时期陶行知为中国教育做出的贡献，选项B“即使在抗日战争期间，陶也从未忘记他的梦想”符合语境。故选B。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$