专题18 定语从句38题（真题+模拟题）-2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分33个专题：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和表达的语言知识清单，第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第18个专题，内容为定语从句。 2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题18 定语从句（真题+模拟题） ( 【考点解读】 高职单招定语从句聚焦关系词（that/which/who/where 等）选择，需辨先行词是人 / 物、从句限制性，以及只能用 that 或 which 的特殊情况，如最高级修饰、介词前置等场景。 ) 【名词性从句·高考真题分类通关】 【考点一：关系代词】 1. （2014 年哈尔滨单招英语5题）：Does the teacher know everybody ____ planted the trees? A. which B. whose C. where D. who 2.（2019 年山东德州 5题）：This is the novel ____ is written by Guo Jingming. A. who B. what C. that D. / 3.（2021 年吉林通化题目 2）Jim dislikes people ____ talk much but never do anything. A. whom B. when C. whose D. who 4.（2022 年河北高职单招题目3）：Sorry, we don’t have the coat ____ you need. A. what B. who C. whom D. which 5.（2024 年高职单招吉林考试题49）：—Whose performance do you like? —I like the band ________ plays country music. A．who B．Which C．Where D.when 【考点二：关系副词】 6.（2020 年吉林省高职单招第88题）Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _______ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where 7. （2022 年贵州英语题6）The village has developed a lot _______ we learned farming two years ago. A. when B. which C. that D. where 8. （2020 年广西单招英语题7）Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases _______ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. A. which B. as C. why D. where 【考点三：易混关系代词辨析】 9.（2020 年江西高职单招第33 题）I've read all the books（ ）Dad bought for me. A. Which B. those C. that D. they 10. （2023 年新疆考英语真题第 11 题）All the books,_____had some pictures in them, were sent to the little girl. A. Which B. that C. who D. whose 11.（ 2023 年江苏对口单招第 16 题Some people believe all______has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. What B. which C. where D. that 【考点四：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别】 12.（ 山东高职单招第15题）The house, ______ was built in 1990, needs to be repaired.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. who​ D. where​ 13.（2023 年 河北高职单招第18 题）My mother, ______ is a teacher, works hard.​ A. that​ B. who​ C. which​ D. whom​ 14.（2025年广东高职单招第16 题）This is the book ______ I bought yesterday.​ A. which​ B. that​ C. who​ D. when 15.（2022 年四川高职单招第14题）The sun, ______ gives us light and heat, is very important to us.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. who​ D. where​ 16.（2024年江苏高职单招第17题）I have a friend ______ can speak three languages.​ A. which​ B. who​ C. whom​ D.when​ 【定语从句·全真模拟题分类通关】 【考点一：关系代词】 17.The girl ______ is standing under the tree is my sister.​ A. which B. who C. whom D. whose​ 18.This is the pen ______ I bought last week.​ A. who B. whose C. which D. whom​ 19.The man ______ I met yesterday is a famous scientist.​ A. Which B. who C. whose D. whom​ 20.She is the woman ______ daughter won the first prize in the competition.​ A. who B. which C. whom D. whose​ 21.The book ______ cover is red is mine.​ A. Which B. whose C. who D. whom​ 22. He is the only person ______ can solve this problem.​ A. which B. who C. whom D. whose​ 23.The students and things ______ you talked about just now are very interesting.​ A. Which B. who C. that D. whose​ 24.Who is the boy ______ you talked with just now?​ A. which B. who C. that D. whose​ 【考点二：关系副词】 25.The day ______ we met for the first time was sunny and warm.​ A. which B. when C. where D. why​ 26.The small town ______ my grandparents live is surrounded by mountains.​ A. That B. which C. where D. why​ 27.Do you know the reason ______ he didn't come to school yesterday?​ A. which B. when C. where D. why​ 28.July is the month ______ the summer vacation usually begins.​ A. that B. when C. where D. why​ 29.The library ______ we often study has a large collection of books.​ A. which B. when C. where D. why​ 【考点三：易混关系代词辨析】 30.He asked me ____The computer, ______ I paid 5000 yuan for, works well.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. what​ D. whom​ 31.Look at the picture, ______ shows a beautiful garden.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. who​ D. whose​ 32.That is the very book ______ I’m looking for.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. where​ D. when​ 33.The story, ______ he told us last night, is very funny.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. who​ D. whom​ 34.This is the last thing ______ I want to say.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. who​ D. whose​ 【考点四：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别】 35.选择正确的句子：​ A. My sister who lives in Beijing is a doctor.​ B. My sister, who lives in Beijing, is a doctor.​ 36.Which sentence uses a non - restrictive attributive clause correctly?​ A. The house that was built last year has a big garden.​ B. The house, which was built last year, has a big garden.​ 37.以下句子中，属于限制性定语从句的是：​ A. Mr. Smith, whom we met yesterday, is a famous scientist.​ B. He is the man whom you have been looking for.​ 38.This is the novel ______ I like best.​ A., which​ B. that​ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分33个专题：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和表达的语言知识清单，第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第18个专题，内容为定语从句。 2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题18 定语从句（真题+模拟题） ( 【考点解读】 高职单招定语从句聚焦关系词（that/which/who/where 等）选择，需辨先行词是人 / 物、从句限制性，以及只能用 that 或 which 的特殊情况，如最高级修饰、介词前置等场景。 ) 【名词性从句·高考真题分类通关】 【考点一：关系代词】 1. （2014 年哈尔滨单招英语5题）：Does the teacher know everybody ____ planted the trees? A. which B. whose C. where D. who 【答案】D 【解析】先行词是 everybody，指人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，所以用 who 引导定语从句，故选 D。 2.（2019 年山东德州 5题）：This is the novel ____ is written by Guo Jingming. A. who B. what C. that D. / 【答案】C 【解析】先行词是 novel，指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，不能省略，what 不能引导定语从句，所以用 that 或 which 引导，此处选 C。 3.（2021 年吉林通化题目 2）Jim dislikes people ____ talk much but never do anything. A. whom B. when C. whose D. who 【答案】D 【解析】先行词是 people，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，whom 是宾格不能作主语，when 是关系副词表时间，whose 作定语，所以用 who，选 D。 4.（2022 年河北高职单招题目3）：Sorry, we don’t have the coat ____ you need. A. what B. who C. whom D. which 【答案】D 【解析】先行词是 coat，指物，关系代词在从句中作 need 的宾语，what 不能引导定语从句，who 和 whom 用于指人，所以用 which，选 D。 5.（2024 年高职单招吉林考试题49）：—Whose performance do you like? —I like the band ________ plays country music. A．who B．Which C．Where D.when 【答案】B 【解析】先行词是 band，指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，where 是关系副词作状语，who 用于指人，所以用 which 引导定语从句，答案是 B。 【考点二：关系副词】 6.（2020 年吉林省高职单招第88题）Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _______ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where 【答案】D 【解析】先行词是 day care center（地点），关系副词 where 在从句中作地点状语，相当于 “in which”。其他选项无法引导定语从句，故选 D。 7. （2022 年贵州英语题6）The village has developed a lot _______ we learned farming two years ago. A. when B. which C. that D. where 【答案】D 【解析】先行词是 village（地点），关系副词 where 在从句中作地点状语，修饰 “learned farming”。若用 which 需搭配介词 in，即 “in which”，但选项中无此形式，故选 D。 8. （2020 年广西单招英语题7）Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases _______ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. A. which B. as C. why D. where 【答案】D 【解析】先行词是 cases（抽象地点，意为 “情况”），关系副词 where 在从句中作地点状语，相当于 “in which”。其他选项无法匹配抽象地点的语境，故选 D。 【考点三：易混关系代词辨析】 9.（2020 年江西高职单招第33 题）I've read all the books（ ）Dad bought for me. A. Which B. those C. that D. they 【答案】C 【解析】先行词是books，且被all修饰。根据规则，当先行词被all、every、no等不定代词修饰时，关系词只能用that。 10. （2023 年新疆考英语真题第 11 题）All the books,_____had some pictures in them, were sent to the little girl. A. Which B. that C. who D. whose 【答案】A 【解析】非限制性定语从句（用逗号分隔）中，关系词不能用that。先行词books指物，因此用which引导。 11.（ 2023 年江苏对口单招第 16 题Some people believe all______has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. What B. which C. where D. that 【答案】D 【解析】先行词是all（不定代词），且关系词在从句中作主语。根据规则，不定代词作先行词时只能用that。 【考点四：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别】 12.（ 山东高职单招第15题）The house, ______ was built in 1990, needs to be repaired.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. who​ D. where​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词 “the house” 指物。非限制性定语从句不能用 that 引导，要用 which，所以选 B。若去掉从句 “was built in 1990”，主句 “The house needs to be repaired” 意思仍完整；而限制性定语从句与先行词关系紧密，去掉后主句意思不完整或不明确。​ 13.（2023 年 河北高职单招第18 题）My mother, ______ is a teacher, works hard.​ A. that​ B. who​ C. which​ D. whom​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】先行词 “My mother” 指人，且此为非限制性定语从句，不能用 that，在从句中作主语，whom 作宾语，which 指物，所以用 who，选 B。这里非限制性定语从句对 “My mother” 补充说明，去掉从句 “My mother works hard” 意思完整；若是限制性定语从句则暗示有多个母亲，需从句来限定是哪一个，不符合常理。​ 14.（2025年广东高职单招第16 题）This is the book ______ I bought yesterday.​ A. which​ B. that​ C. who​ D. when 【答案】A 【解析】先行词 “the book” 指物，在从句 “I bought yesterday” 中作宾语，关系代词可用 which 或 that，作宾语时还可省略。此句是限制性定语从句，对 “the book” 进行限定，表明是 “昨天买的那本书”，去掉从句，主句 “This is the book” 表意不明确。若为非限制性定语从句需用逗号隔开，且不能用 that，所以 A正确。​ 15.（2022 年四川高职单招第14题）The sun, ______ gives us light and heat, is very important to us.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. who​ D. where​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】先行词 “The sun” 指物，此为非限制性定语从句，不能用 that，who 指人，where 表地点，所以用 which，选 B。非限制性定语从句对 “The sun” 补充说明，去掉从句 “The sun is very important to us” 意思仍完整；限制性定语从句不能修饰像 “the sun” 这种独一无二的事物，且不用逗号隔开。​ 16.（2024年江苏高职单招第17题）I have a friend ______ can speak three languages.​ A. which​ B. who​ C. whom​ D.when​ 【答案】B 【解析】先行词 “a friend” 指人，在从句 “can speak three languages” 中作主语，可用 who 或 that。这是限制性定语从句，限定 “a friend” 是会说三种语言的那个朋友，去掉从句，主句 “I have a friend” 意思不明确。若为非限制性定语从句需用逗号隔开，且不能用 that，所以 B正确。 【定语从句·全真模拟题分类通关】 【考点一：关系代词】 17.The girl ______ is standing under the tree is my sister.​ A. which B. who C. whom D. whose​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】先行词 “the girl” 指人，关系代词在从句 “is standing under the tree” 中作主语。which 用于先行词指物；whom 在从句中作宾语；whose 表示所属关系，意为 “谁的” 。只有 who 符合条件，用于指人且作主语，所以选 B，句子意思是 “站在树下的那个女孩是我的姐姐”。​ 18.This is the pen ______ I bought last week.​ A. who B. whose C. which D. whom​ 【答案】C​ 【解析】先行词 “the pen” 指物，关系代词在从句 “I bought last week” 中作宾语。who 和 whom 用于先行词指人；whose 表示所属关系；which 用于先行词指物且在从句中可作主语或宾语，这里作宾语，所以选 C，句子意为 “这就是我上周买的那支笔”。​ 19.The man ______ I met yesterday is a famous scientist.​ A. Which B. who C. whose D. whom​ 【答案】D​ 【解析】先行词 “the man” 指人，关系代词在从句 “I met yesterday” 中作宾语。which 用于先行词指物；who 在从句中作主语；whose 表示所属关系；whom 用于先行词指人且在从句中作宾语，所以选 D，句子表示 “我昨天遇到的那个人是一位著名的科学家”。​ 20.She is the woman ______ daughter won the first prize in the competition.​ A. who B. which C. whom D. whose​ 【答案】D​ 【解析】先行词 “the woman” 指人，从句 “daughter won the first prize in the competition” 表达 “她的女儿在比赛中获得一等奖”，这里关系代词表示所属关系，意为 “谁的” 。who 作主语；which 用于先行词指物；whom 作宾语；只有 whose 符合，所以选 D。​ 21.The book ______ cover is red is mine.​ A. Which B. whose C. who D. whom​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】先行词 “the book” 指物，从句 “cover is red” 表达 “书的封面是红色的”，关系代词表示所属关系，意为 “谁的” 。which 在从句中作主语或宾语；who 和 whom 用于先行词指人；只有 whose 可表示所属关系，所以选 B，句子意思是 “封面是红色的那本书是我的”。​ 22. He is the only person ______ can solve this problem.​ A. which B. who C. whom D. whose​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】先行词 “person” 指人，且先行词被 “the only” 修饰，当先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very 等修饰时，关系代词只能用 that 或 who（先行词指人） 。which 用于先行词指物；whom 作宾语；whose 表示所属关系；这里在从句 “can solve this problem” 中作主语，所以选 B，句子意为 “他是唯一能解决这个问题的人”。​ 23.The students and things ______ you talked about just now are very interesting.​ A. Which B. who C. that D. whose​ 【答案】C​ 【解析】先行词既有人 “students” 又有物 “things”，当先行词既包括人又包括物时，关系代词只能用 that 。which 用于先行词指物；who 用于先行词指人；whose 表示所属关系；所以选 C，句子意思是 “你刚才谈论的学生和事情非常有趣”。​ 24.Who is the boy ______ you talked with just now?​ A. which B. who C. that D. whose​ 【答案】C​ 【解析】主句是以 “Who” 开头的特殊疑问句，先行词 “the boy” 指人，当主句是以 who/which 开头的特殊疑问句时，关系代词只能用 that 。which 用于先行词指物；who 在一般情况下指人作主语或宾语，但在此语境不合适；whose 表示所属关系；所以选 C，句子意为 “刚才和你交谈的那个男孩是谁？” 【考点二：关系副词】 25.The day ______ we met for the first time was sunny and warm.​ A. which B. when C. where D. why​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】先行词 “the day” 表示时间，关系副词 “when” 在定语从句 “we met for the first time” 中作时间状语，指代 “在那一天”，此句意为 “我们第一次见面的那天阳光温暖”。而 which 是关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语；where 作地点状语；why 作原因状语，均不符合语境，所以选 B。​ 26.The small town ______ my grandparents live is surrounded by mountains.​ A. That B. which C. where D. why​ 【答案】C​ 【解析】先行词 “the small town” 表示地点，关系副词 “where” 在定语从句 “my grandparents live” 中作地点状语，指代 “在这个小镇”。that 和 which 是关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语，此处从句不缺主宾成分；why 作原因状语，与句子逻辑不符，所以选 C，句子表达 “我祖父母居住的那个小镇群山环绕”。​ 27.Do you know the reason ______ he didn't come to school yesterday?​ A. which B. when C. where D. why​ 【答案】D​ 【解析】先行词 “the reason” 表示原因，关系副词 “why” 在定语从句 “he didn't come to school yesterday” 中作原因状语，指代 “因为这个原因”。which 作主语或宾语；when 作时间状语；where 作地点状语，均不能表达原因，所以选 D，句子意思是 “你知道他昨天没来上学的原因吗”。​ 28.July is the month ______ the summer vacation usually begins.​ A. that B. when C. where D. why​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】先行词 “the month” 表示时间，关系副词 “when” 在定语从句 “the summer vacation usually begins” 中作时间状语，指代 “在这个月” 。that 是关系代词，此处从句不缺主宾成分；where 作地点状语；why 作原因状语，均不合适，所以选 B，句子意为 “七月是暑假通常开始的月份”。​ 29.The library ______ we often study has a large collection of books.​ A. which B. when C. where D. why​ 【答案】C​ 【解析】先行词 “the library” 表示地点，关系副词 “where” 在定语从句 “we often study” 中作地点状语，指代 “在图书馆里”。which 作主语或宾语，从句不缺主宾；when 作时间状语；why 作原因状语，均不符合题意，所以选 C，句子意思是 “我们经常学习的图书馆藏书丰富”。 【考点三：易混关系代词辨析】 30.He asked me ____The computer, ______ I paid 5000 yuan for, works well.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. what​ D. whom​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】先行词 “the computer” 指物，且关系代词前有介词 “for”。当关系代词前有介词且先行词指物时，只能用 which，不能用 that，what 不能引导定语从句，whom 指人，所以选 B。句子意思是 “我花 5000 元买的那台电脑运行良好”。​ 31.Look at the picture, ______ shows a beautiful garden.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. who​ D. whose​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词 “the picture” 指物。在非限制性定语从句中，不能用 that 引导，要用 which，who 指人，whose 表示所属关系，所以选 B。句子意为 “看这幅画，它展示了一个美丽的花园”。​ 32.That is the very book ______ I’m looking for.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. where​ D. when​ 【答案】A​ 【解析】先行词 “book” 被 “the very” 修饰，当先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very 等修饰时，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which，where 和 when 是关系副词，不符合此处语法要求，所以选 A。句子表示 “那正是我在找的书”。​ 33.The story, ______ he told us last night, is very funny.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. who​ D. whom​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词 “the story” 指物，在非限制性定语从句中不能用 that 引导，要用 which，who 和 whom 指人，所以选 B。句子意思是 “他昨晚给我们讲的那个故事非常有趣”。​ 34.This is the last thing ______ I want to say.​ A. that​ B. which​ C. who​ D. whose​ 【答案】A​ 【解析】先行词 “thing” 被 “the last” 修饰，当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级以及 the only, the very, the last 等修饰时，关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which，who 指人，whose 表示所属关系，所以选 A。句子意为 “这是我想说的最后一件事”。 【考点四：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别】 35.选择正确的句子：​ A. My sister who lives in Beijing is a doctor.​ B. My sister, who lives in Beijing, is a doctor.​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】A 句是限制性定语从句，暗示 “我” 有多个姐姐，需要通过 “住在北京” 来限定是哪一个，不符合常理；B 句是非限制性定语从句，用逗号将从句与主句隔开，“who lives in Beijing” 是对 “My sister” 的补充说明，去掉后主句 “My sister is a doctor” 意思完整，所以 B 正确。​ 36.Which sentence uses a non - restrictive attributive clause correctly?​ A. The house that was built last year has a big garden.​ B. The house, which was built last year, has a big garden.​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】A 句是限制性定语从句，“that was built last year” 对 “the house” 进行限定，表明是 “去年建的那座房子”；B 句是非限制性定语从句，用逗号分隔，“which was built last year” 只是补充说明房子的建造时间，去掉从句后 “The house has a big garden” 意思不受影响，且非限制性定语从句不能用 that 引导，所以 B 正确。​ 37.以下句子中，属于限制性定语从句的是：​ A. Mr. Smith, whom we met yesterday, is a famous scientist.​ B. He is the man whom you have been looking for.​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】A 句中 “whom we met yesterday” 是对 “Mr. Smith” 的补充说明，用逗号隔开，属于非限制性定语从句；B 句 “whom you have been looking for” 对先行词 “the man” 进行限定，说明是 “你一直在找的那个人” ，去掉从句后 “He is the man” 表意不明确，所以 B 句是限制性定语从句。​ 38.This is the novel ______ I like best.​ A., which​ B. that​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】此句为限制性定语从句，先行词 “the novel” 指物，在从句 “I like best” 中作宾语，关系代词可用 that 或 which ，但非限制性定语从句才需要用逗号隔开，所以这里选 B，若选 A 则语法错误，句子意思是 “这就是我最喜欢的小说”。​ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$