Unit 3 Celebrations（重难词汇精练）英语北师大版2019必修第一册

Unit 3 Celebrations重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用/熟词生义 2 题型四、单句语法填空 3 题型五、单词拼写 4 题型六、完成句子/句型转换/一句多译 5 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一、阅读理解 6 题型二、语法填空 6 题型一、词性转换 1. n.重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→ adj.偶尔的；偶然的→ adv.偶然；偶尔 2. v.毕业→ n.毕业 3. vt.祝贺→ n.恭喜，祝贺 4. vi.& vt.装饰，布置，美化→ adj.装饰性的→ n.装饰，装饰物 5. n.传统→ adj.传统的 6. vi.& vt.聚集，聚合→ n.聚会 7. n.总结→ vi.& vt.总结，概括 8. vt.贴；固定；附上→ adj.附上的→ n.附件;依恋;爱慕 9. vt.吓唬；使（某人）惊恐→ adj.害怕的→ adj.吓人的；恐怖的 10. vt.环绕，围绕→ adj.周围的→ n.环境 11. vi.& vt.退休→ adj.退休的 12. n.欢欣，愉快，喜悦→ adj.高兴的 13. n.起源；源头→ adj.原先的，最早的，最初的→ adv.起初 14. vt.问候，欢迎；打招呼→ n.问候 15. adj.合适的；恰当的→ adv.合适地，适当地 16. vt.代表→ n.代表 17. adj.幸运的→ adv.幸运地→（反义词） adj.不幸的→ adv.不幸地 18. n.记忆，回忆→ vt.记住 19. n.耐心；耐力→ adj.耐心的 n.病人→ adv.耐心地；有毅力地 20. vi.表现→ n.行为，举止 21. adj.快乐的→ adv.快乐地 22. vt.描述，描写→ n.描述，描写 23. vt.挑选，选拔→ n.挑选，选拔 24. adj.谦虚地→ adv.谦虚地 题型二、核心短语 1. 处于和平状态 2. 张贴 3. 使某物爆炸 4. 上上下下，完全 5. 扫除；清除 6. 倒置地，颠倒地 7. 照亮 8. 把……吓跑 9. 就……而言 10. 普遍地；一般来说 11. 尽力 12. 搬来（和某人）一起居住 13. 再三地，重复地 14. 吸引某人的目光；引起某人的注意 15. 去世 16. 不再 17. 涌入脑海 18. 冷静下来 题型三、一词多用/熟词生义 1．host A.v.主持B.v.主办C.n.（宴会）主人D.n.许多；大量 （1） [2023·浙江卷1月]During the cookout，I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. （2） [2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species， bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. （3） All these stadiums are still functional，still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. （4） While running every aspect of our own news station， kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp. 2．tear A.n.裂口 B.v.撕裂 C.n.眼泪 D.v.疾驰 （1） [2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]Nanxiang aside， the best xiao long bao have a fine skin， allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents. （2） And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops， he was reduced to tears. （3） A muscle tear will leave a scar after healing, which may affect the muscle's function and take a month to restore its strength and flexibility. （4） When I made my major life decisions， I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn. 3．light up A.照亮 B.点亮；点燃 C.喜形于色 （1） [2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ]You enter the fare gates （检票口） and you'll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story. （2） Light a lamp for others， and you will not only light up for others but also yourself. （3） “I've seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by—their eyes are shining and their faces light up，” she said. 4．[2024·浙江卷1月]After that, she tried to see if she could complete her first lap. One lap turned into two, then three, then four. A. 一圈 B. 大腿 C. 范围 5．[2023·全国甲卷]Head Chef David Thompson，who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name， opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. A. 树枝 B. 分支机构；分店 C. 支流 6．[2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ]It just happened that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who offered to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. A. 一段楼梯 B. 航班 C. 飞行 7．[2023·浙江卷1月]I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me. A. 塞进 B. 装满 C. 吃饱 8．[2022·全国乙卷]The sweep of the land and the stoicism （坚忍） of the people move her to some beautiful writing. A. 清扫 B. 绵延弯曲的地带 C. 搜查,搜索 9．[2023·全国乙卷]Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. A. 文字 B. 特点，特色 C. 人物，角色 题型四、单句语法填空 1．They asked what his plans were after (graduate). 2．When the plants grow out of the meshes (铁丝网), you can take it as a green (decorate). 3．Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and (joy) conversations. 4．They planned to keep the budget low by living on boiled noodles, with the (occasion) hamburger shop treat. 5．Farming produced more food per person than hunting and (gather), so people were able to raise more children. 6．And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. 7．He has received many letters in (congratulate) of his birthday. 8．A (retire) engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years. 9．The official confirmed that the paintings were (origin) and worth as much as $50 million. 10．The exhibition hall is decorated with many (tradition) Chinese paintings. 11．At the end of the activity, holding the tea bags in our hands, we took a picture to (memory) the unforgettable day. 12．Knowing these causes can make us examine our (behave), and correct bad habits. 13．Is a questionnaire answered by 500 people truly (represent)of the population as a whole? 14．The book, (write) in 1957, tells the struggles of miners. 15．Everyone should make an effort (reduce) pollution. 16．Teaching children with special needs requires (patient) and understanding. 17．On the other hand，they burned (slight) more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting. 18．We drank together and talked (merry) till far into the night. 19． (general)speaking, only one language is not enough for a modern man. 20．He was angry to see his son behave (bad) at the party. 题型五、单词拼写 1．We had a grand social (聚会) last Sunday. 2．Apart from my (东道主)，I didn't know a single person there. 3．I (附上) a copy of my notes for your information. 4．The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses (汉字) which stand for ideas, objects or deeds. 5．We did not speak the local language, did not know the (风俗), and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. 6．In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were (装饰) with houseplants. 7．He gave a detailed (描述) of what had happened on the fateful night. 8．The owner of the store was (扫地) his floor when I walked in. 9．If we had caught the (航班) yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. 10．They export their products to markets (整个) the world. 11．Though it may appear simple, it requires a lot of ideas and (努力). 12．We dance at (婚礼), birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time. 13． (不知怎的), the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat mistakenly held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. 14．It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball (滚动). 15．China's image is improving steadily, with more countries recognizing its role in international (事务). 16．They exchanged (问候) and sat down to lunch. 17．Her money has run out and she is also running out of (耐心). 18．Alice Moore is a (青少年) entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. 19．The beautiful long (树枝) covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 20．He (挥手) and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down. 题型六、完成句子/句型转换/一句多译 1．据报道，他上台后将解决很多问题。 It is reported that he would settle a lot of problems ． 2．由于我们没有别的事可做，我们感到很无聊。 we felt pretty bored. 3．深夜他不敢待在外面，因为害怕被抢劫。 He outside late at night because he ． 4．He is much attached to his home and he cleans it thoroughly every day. → he cleans it thoroughly every day.(过去分词短语作状语) 5．他醒来时，发现很多孩子围着他。 (1)When he woke up, he found ． (2)When he woke up, he found ． 6．当地的俱乐部正在尽一切努力使更多的人感兴趣。 The local clubs ． 7．他们在那个角落里低声交谈。 They in the corner. 8．是校长要和我面对面地谈话。 would have a face-to-face talk with me. 9．It is the funniest thing that has been found on the Internet so far this year. →It is the funniest thing ．(过去分词短语作定语) 10．关于这个晚会，还没告诉我们下一步该做什么。 (1)About the party, ____ ____ hasn't been told to us. (2)About the party, hasn't been told to us. 题型一、阅读理解 Food festivals are a common occurrence in the UK and take place in all sorts of places and at all sorts of times.Whatever your taste, there's a food festival to match it—no matter how special. The Meatopia This three-day, London-based festival takes place at the end of August or in early September and is a meat lover's paradise.In addition to a range of legally sourced meat products, from juicy burgers to tender steaks, attendees can listen to live music, watch butchery demonstrations, and attend informal meat-based workshops. The National Honey Show If you have a sweet tooth, then it could be that the National Honey Show, which started in 1923, is the place for you.This three-day event attracts many local participants who showcase their sweet golden honey, some of which is sold globally. The Orange Sauce Festival Have you heard about a festival that is devoted only to orange sauce? Held in Cumbria, this sweet, fragrant festival has been running for many years.What attracts people most is a competition to find the best homemade orange sauce.There are thousands of participants from over 30 different countries across the globe, bringing their local snacks to share here. The Ginger (姜) and Spice Festival If you'd prefer something with a little more kick，then you could attend the Ginger and Spice Festival held in Market Drayton. Unlike other food festivals, it celebrates its town's historic connection to Robert Clive, who returned from India with ginger.Because of this, people here specialize in baking gingerbread, and sell a range of traditional spices from mild ones to hot ones. 1．What do the Meatopia and the National Honey Show have in common? A．Both of them have a long history. B．Both of them hold workshops. C．Both of them originated from London. D．They are of the same duration. 2．If you are interested in foreign food, which festival do you like best? A．The Meatopia. B．The Ginger and Spice Festival. C．The National Honey Show. D．The Orange Sauce Festival. 3．What is special about the Ginger and Spice Festival? A．It sells spicy food. B．The ginger used in the festival is from India. C．It has something to do with a historic figure. D．The food is cooked by Robert Clive. 题型二、语法填空 Black Friday, which is a popular holiday, is usually celebrated 1.____________ day after Thanksgiving in the United States.On this day, Americans all over the country rise at dawn in order to stand at the head of the line at 2.____________(vary) stores, so that they can get deeply discounted deals offered by these stores. This day 3.____________(call) Black Friday because it is the day on which many traders “hit the black”，4.____________(mean) that they start to make money after being “in the red” all year long.The traders used 5.____________(write) with a red pen on their ledgers (账簿) to show losses and black inks to show gains.It is not how this holiday gets its name, but it is 6.____________(common) believed by the public to be the case. Although this day continues to be a big holiday in the United States, it is beginning to lose some of its 7.____________(popular).That is 8.____________ more and more people are turning their attention to online shopping.It allows them to buy 9.________ they want with convenience.As a result, Cyber (网络的) Monday appears, which is a day directly competes with Black Friday and may lead to 10.____________(it) downfall. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Celebrations重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用/熟词生义 2 题型四、单句语法填空 3 题型五、单词拼写 4 题型六、完成句子/句型转换/一句多译 5 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一、阅读理解 6 题型二、语法填空 6 题型一、词性转换 1.occasion n.重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→occasional adj.偶尔的；偶然的→occasionally adv.偶然；偶尔 2.graduate v.毕业→graduation n.毕业 3.congratulate vt.祝贺→congratulation n.恭喜，祝贺 4.decorate vi.& vt.装饰，布置，美化→decorative adj.装饰性的→decoration n.装饰，装饰物 5.tradition n.传统→traditional adj.传统的 6.gather vi.& vt.聚集，聚合→gathering n.聚会 7.summary n.总结→summarise vi.& vt.总结，概括 8.attach vt.贴；固定；附上→attached adj.附上的→attachment n.附件;依恋;爱慕 9.scare vt.吓唬；使（某人）惊恐→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.吓人的；恐怖的 10.surround vt.环绕，围绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n.环境 11.retire vi.& vt.退休→retired adj.退休的 12.joy n.欢欣，愉快，喜悦→joyful adj.高兴的 13.origin n.起源；源头→original adj.原先的，最早的，最初的→originally adv.起初 14.greet vt.问候，欢迎；打招呼→greeting n.问候 15.appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的→appropriately adv.合适地，适当地 16.represent vt.代表→representative n.代表 17.fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→（反义词）unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地 18.memory n.记忆，回忆→memorize vt.记住 19.patience n.耐心；耐力→patient adj.耐心的 n.病人→patiently adv.耐心地；有毅力地 20.behave vi.表现→behaviour n.行为，举止 21.merry adj.快乐的→merrily adv.快乐地 22.describe vt.描述，描写→description n.描述，描写 23.select vt.挑选，选拔→selection n.挑选，选拔 24.humble adj.谦虚地→humbly adv.谦虚地 题型二、核心短语 1.at peace处于和平状态 2.put up张贴 3.let off使某物爆炸 4.from top to bottom上上下下，完全 5.sweep away扫除；清除 6.upside down倒置地，颠倒地 7.light up照亮 8.scare sb./sth. away把……吓跑 9.as far as就……而言 10.in general普遍地；一般来说 11.make an effort尽力 12.move in搬来（和某人）一起居住 13.over and over （again）再三地，重复地 14.catch sb.'s eye吸引某人的目光；引起某人的注意 15.pass away去世 16.no longer不再 17.come to mind涌入脑海 18.calm down冷静下来 题型三、一词多用/熟词生义 1．host A.v.主持B.v.主办C.n.（宴会）主人D.n.许多；大量 （1） [2023·浙江卷1月]During the cookout，I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window._  _   （2） [2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species， bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China._  _   （3） All these stadiums are still functional，still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport._  _   （4） While running every aspect of our own news station， kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp._  _   [答案]（1） C （2） D （3） B （4） A 2．tear A.n.裂口 B.v.撕裂 C.n.眼泪 D.v.疾驰 （1） [2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]Nanxiang aside， the best xiao long bao have a fine skin， allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents._  _   （2） And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops， he was reduced to tears._  _   （3） A muscle tear will leave a scar after healing, which may affect the muscle's function and take a month to restore its strength and flexibility._  _   （4） When I made my major life decisions， I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn._  _   [答案]（1） B （2） C （3） A （4） D 3．light up A.照亮 B.点亮；点燃 C.喜形于色 （1） [2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ]You enter the fare gates （检票口） and you'll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story._  _   （2） Light a lamp for others， and you will not only light up for others but also yourself._  _   （3） “I've seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by—their eyes are shining and their faces light up，” she said._  _   [答案]（1） B （2） A （3） C 4．[2024·浙江卷1月]After that, she tried to see if she could complete her first lap. One lap turned into two, then three, then four._  _   A. 一圈 B. 大腿 C. 范围 [答案]A 5．[2023·全国甲卷]Head Chef David Thompson，who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name， opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010._  _   A. 树枝 B. 分支机构；分店 C. 支流 [答案]B 6．[2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ]It just happened that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who offered to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. _  _   A. 一段楼梯 B. 航班 C. 飞行 [答案]C 7．[2023·浙江卷1月]I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me._  _   A. 塞进 B. 装满 C. 吃饱 [答案]A 8．[2022·全国乙卷]The sweep of the land and the stoicism （坚忍） of the people move her to some beautiful writing._  _   A. 清扫 B. 绵延弯曲的地带 C. 搜查,搜索 [答案]B 9．[2023·全国乙卷]Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes._  _   A. 文字 B. 特点，特色 C. 人物，角色 [答案]B 题型四、单句语法填空 1．They asked what his plans were after graduation(graduate). 2．When the plants grow out of the meshes (铁丝网), you can take it as a green decoration(decorate). 3．Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and joyful(joy) conversations. 4．They planned to keep the budget low by living on boiled noodles, with the occasional(occasion) hamburger shop treat. 5．Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering(gather), so people were able to raise more children. 6．And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. 7．He has received many letters in congratulation(congratulate) of his birthday. 8．A retired(retire) engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years. 9．The official confirmed that the paintings were originals(origin) and worth as much as $50 million. 10．The exhibition hall is decorated with many traditional(tradition) Chinese paintings. 11．At the end of the activity, holding the tea bags in our hands, we took a picture to memorize(memory) the unforgettable day. 12．Knowing these causes can make us examine our behaviour(behave), and correct bad habits. 13．Is a questionnaire answered by 500 people truly representative(represent)of the population as a whole? 14．The book, written(write) in 1957, tells the struggles of miners. 15．Everyone should make an effort to reduce(reduce) pollution. 16．Teaching children with special needs requires patience(patient) and understanding. 17．On the other hand，they burned slightly(slight) more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting. 18．We drank together and talked merrily(merry) till far into the night. 19．Generally(general)speaking, only one language is not enough for a modern man. 20．He was angry to see his son behave badly(bad) at the party. 题型五、单词拼写 1．We had a grand social gathering(聚会) last Sunday. 2．Apart from my host(东道主)，I didn't know a single person there. 3．I attach(附上) a copy of my notes for your information. 4．The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters(汉字) which stand for ideas, objects or deeds. 5．We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs(风俗), and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. 6．In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated(装饰) with houseplants. 7．He gave a detailed account(描述) of what had happened on the fateful night. 8．The owner of the store was sweeping(扫地) his floor when I walked in. 9．If we had caught the flight(航班) yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. 10．They export their products to markets throughout(整个) the world. 11．Though it may appear simple, it requires a lot of ideas and efforts(努力). 12．We dance at weddings(婚礼), birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time. 13．Somehow(不知怎的), the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat mistakenly held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. 14．It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling(滚动). 15．China's image is improving steadily, with more countries recognizing its role in international affairs(事务). 16．They exchanged greetings(问候) and sat down to lunch. 17．Her money has run out and she is also running out of patience(耐心). 18．Alice Moore is a teenager(青少年) entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. 19．The beautiful long branches(树枝) covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 20．He waved(挥手) and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down. 题型六、完成句子/句型转换/一句多译 1．据报道，他上台后将解决很多问题。 It is reported that he would settle a lot of problems the moment he came to power． 2．由于我们没有别的事可做，我们感到很无聊。 As we had nothing else to do, we felt pretty bored. 3．深夜他不敢待在外面，因为害怕被抢劫。 He was scared to stay/of staying outside late at night because he was scared of being robbed/to be robbed． 4．He is much attached to his home and he cleans it thoroughly every day. →Much attached to his home, he cleans it thoroughly every day.(过去分词短语作状语) 5．他醒来时，发现很多孩子围着他。 (1)When he woke up, he found many children surrounding him． (2)When he woke up, he found himself surrounded by many children． 6．当地的俱乐部正在尽一切努力使更多的人感兴趣。 The local clubs are making every effort to interest more people． 7．他们在那个角落里低声交谈。 They talked with each other in a whisper/whispers in the corner. 8．是校长要和我面对面地谈话。 It was the headmaster that/who would have a face-to-face talk with me. 9．It is the funniest thing that has been found on the Internet so far this year. →It is the funniest thing found on the Internet so far this year．(过去分词短语作定语) 10．关于这个晚会，还没告诉我们下一步该做什么。 (1)About the party, what____we should____do next hasn't been told to us. (2)About the party, what to do next hasn't been told to us. 题型一、阅读理解 Food festivals are a common occurrence in the UK and take place in all sorts of places and at all sorts of times.Whatever your taste, there's a food festival to match it—no matter how special. The Meatopia This three-day, London-based festival takes place at the end of August or in early September and is a meat lover's paradise.In addition to a range of legally sourced meat products, from juicy burgers to tender steaks, attendees can listen to live music, watch butchery demonstrations, and attend informal meat-based workshops. The National Honey Show If you have a sweet tooth, then it could be that the National Honey Show, which started in 1923, is the place for you.This three-day event attracts many local participants who showcase their sweet golden honey, some of which is sold globally. The Orange Sauce Festival Have you heard about a festival that is devoted only to orange sauce? Held in Cumbria, this sweet, fragrant festival has been running for many years.What attracts people most is a competition to find the best homemade orange sauce.There are thousands of participants from over 30 different countries across the globe, bringing their local snacks to share here. The Ginger (姜) and Spice Festival If you'd prefer something with a little more kick，then you could attend the Ginger and Spice Festival held in Market Drayton. Unlike other food festivals, it celebrates its town's historic connection to Robert Clive, who returned from India with ginger.Because of this, people here specialize in baking gingerbread, and sell a range of traditional spices from mild ones to hot ones. 【解题导语】　文章介绍了英国的四个美食节。 1．What do the Meatopia and the National Honey Show have in common? A．Both of them have a long history. B．Both of them hold workshops. C．Both of them originated from London. D．They are of the same duration. D　解析：细节理解题。根据这两个部分中的This three-day可知，它们的持续时间一样。 2．If you are interested in foreign food, which festival do you like best? A．The Meatopia. B．The Ginger and Spice Festival. C．The National Honey Show. D．The Orange Sauce Festival. D　解析：推理判断题。根据The Orange Sauce Festival部分中的“There are thousands of participants...local snacks to share here.”可推知，对外国食物感兴趣的人应该最喜欢橙汁节。 3．What is special about the Ginger and Spice Festival? A．It sells spicy food. B．The ginger used in the festival is from India. C．It has something to do with a historic figure. D．The food is cooked by Robert Clive. C　解析：细节理解题。根据The Ginger and Spice Festival部分中的“Unlike other food festivals...returned from India with ginger.”可知，姜和香料节的特殊之处是它与历史人物罗博特·克莱夫有关。 题型二、语法填空 Black Friday, which is a popular holiday, is usually celebrated 1.____________ day after Thanksgiving in the United States.On this day, Americans all over the country rise at dawn in order to stand at the head of the line at 2.____________(vary) stores, so that they can get deeply discounted deals offered by these stores. This day 3.____________(call) Black Friday because it is the day on which many traders “hit the black”，4.____________(mean) that they start to make money after being “in the red” all year long.The traders used 5.____________(write) with a red pen on their ledgers (账簿) to show losses and black inks to show gains.It is not how this holiday gets its name, but it is 6.____________(common) believed by the public to be the case. Although this day continues to be a big holiday in the United States, it is beginning to lose some of its 7.____________(popular).That is 8.____________ more and more people are turning their attention to online shopping.It allows them to buy 9.________ they want with convenience.As a result, Cyber (网络的) Monday appears, which is a day directly competes with Black Friday and may lead to 10.____________(it) downfall. 【解题导语】　文章介绍了黑色星期五的来源、活动内容形式以及影响。 1．the　解析：考查冠词。根据句意可知此处特指“感恩节后的第二天”，用定冠词the。 2．various　解析：考查形容词。此处修饰后面名词stores，作前置定语，用形容词形式。 3．is called　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处作谓语动词，call与前面名词This day构成被动关系，用被动语态，结合下文时态，用一般现在时，主语This day是单数，谓语动词用单数形式。 4．meaning　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词，表伴随，用现在分词形式。 5．to write　解析：考查固定搭配。used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”固定搭配。 6．commonly　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰后面动词believed，用副词形式。 7．popularity　解析：考查名词。前面是介词of，后面接名词作宾语，结合前面形容词性物主代词its，也可推断此处用名词形式。 8．because　解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，此句为表语从句，从句“more and more people are...online shopping”为原因，用because引导。 9．what　解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，此句为宾语从句，在从句作动词want的宾语，用代词what引导。 10．its　解析：考查代词。此处用形容词修饰后面名词downfall，作前置定语。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$