Unit 3 Sea Exploration总复习知识一轮总复习练习-2025届高考英语人教版选择性必修第四册

XB4U3 知识总复习 I. 单词 1. n.故事;叙述 19. n.新闻报道;覆盖范围 2. n.商人adj.海上货运的 20. v.鼓掌 v.称赞;赞赏 3. v.扩展;使伸长;延长 21. v. 对…征税n.税 4. v.商定;达成(协议) 22. adj.有人控制的 5. n.舰队;机群;车队 23. adv.在水下adj.水下的 6. vt.看;看见 24. n.珊瑚 7. n.等级;水平;联合会;联赛 25. n.迁移;迁徙;移居 8. adj.皇家的;王室的;高贵的 26. adv.与此同时 9. n. (调味)香料 27. v. 以.开发;利用;剥削 10. v. (使)撤回;撤离 28. v.谋杀;凶杀n.谋杀 11. n.航道;海峡;频道 29. n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠 12. adj.海的:海运的;海事的 30. n.个人财产;拥有 13. n.纽带;关系v.增强信任关系 31. n.反对者;对手 14. n.政治;政治观点 32. v. 记录n.日志 15. n.职业;行业 33. adj.海的;海产的 16. n.锦标赛;联赛 34. n.&v.逮捕;拘留;中止 17. n.混合;结合体;混合物 35. directory 18. n.笔记本电脑;便携式电脑 36. gallon II. 短语/词块 1. 从……起航 13. 因某事赞扬某人 2. 开船往；动身往 14. 怜悯某人 3. 延长会议 15. 残忍地；毫无同情心地 4. 就某事与某人谈判 16. 任由…摆布;受…控制 5. 退出 17. 具有，拥有 6. 一群/队/列 18. 与此同时；在此期间 7. 在手头; 可供使用 19. 进入(系统)；登录... 8. 把…和…相混合 20. 被逮捕 9. ...的混合 21. 因...逮捕某人 10. A与B的关系/纽带 22. 独领风骚 11. 把...粘在...上；使...结合 23. 记者招待会 12. 为……喝彩 III. 单词变形 1．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→___________n．扩大；延伸→___________adj.广泛的；广阔的 2．negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议)vi.谈判；磋商；协商→___________n．谈判；协商 3．withdraw vi.&vt.(使)撤回；撤离→___________n．收回；撤回；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程 4．profession n．职业；行业→___________adj.专业的；职业的n.职业运动员→___________adv.专业地；内行地 5．mix vt.&vi.(使)混合；调配→___________adj.混合的→___________n．混合；结合体；混合物 6．cover v．覆盖；报道→___________n．新闻报道；覆盖范围 7．applaud vt.&vi.鼓掌vt.称赞；赞赏→___________n．鼓掌；掌声 8．migrate v．移居；移动；迁移→___________n．迁移；迁徙；移居 9．exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削→___________n．开发，开采；利用；剥削 10．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n.谋杀；凶杀→___________n．杀人犯；杀人凶手 11．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→___________adj.宽大的；仁慈的 12．possess vt.拥有；具有；支配→___________n．个人财产；拥有；控制 IV. 单句填空 1. The old man loves to spin ________ about his adventures in the war. 这位老人喜欢讲述他在战争中的冒险故事。 2. ________ the majestic beauty of the Grand Canyon! 看哪，大峡谷的壮丽美景！ 3. The ________ set up stalls in the bustling market to sell his wares. 商人在热闹的市场上摆摊出售他的货物。 4. The deadline for submitting applications ________ ________ ________ by two weeks. 提交申请的截止日期已延长两周。 5. The two countries are ________ a trade agreement to reduce tariffs. 两国正在谈判一项减少关税的贸易协定。 6. The ________ industry is crucial for the country's economy. 海事产业对该国的经济至关重要。 7. They formed a strong ________ of friendship during their time at university. 他们在大学期间建立了牢固的友谊。 8. She ________ her statement after realizing it might cause offense. 她意识到自己的话可能会冒犯别人后，便收回了言论。 9. She has a deep interest in ________ ________. 她对国际政治有浓厚的兴趣。 10. He chose medicine as his ________ and became a successful doctor. 他选择了医学作为自己的职业，并成为了一名成功的医生。 11. The news ________ of the event was comprehensive and in-depth. 对该事件的新闻报道全面而深入。 12. The sailors kept a detailed ________ of their voyage across the ocean. 水手们详细记录了他们横渡大洋的航行日志。 13. The audience ________ the orchestra for their brilliant performance. 观众为乐团的精彩表演鼓掌。 14. The government has increased ________ ________ cigarettes to reduce smoking. 政府提高了香烟税以减少吸烟。 15. She made a delicious ________ of fruits and nuts for the party. 她为聚会准备了一种美味的水果和坚果混合物。 16. ________ ________ ________ ________ was a great success, landing on the moon. 载人太空任务取得了巨大成功，成功登陆月球。 17. Divers explored the ________ caves, discovering ancient artifacts. 潜水员探索了水下洞穴，发现了古代文物。 18. Birds ________ long distances to find food and shelter during the winter. 鸟类在冬季会进行长距离迁徙以寻找食物和庇护所。 19. ________, back at the office, the team was working hard to meet the deadline. 与此同时，在办公室里，团队正在努力工作以赶上截止日期。 20. The company ________ new technologies to improve its products and services. 公司利用新技术来改进其产品和服务。 21. She ________ ________ ________ ________ her opponents in the tennis match. 她在网球比赛中对对手毫不留情。 22. The police are investigating a ________ case involving a prominent businessman. 警方正在调查一起涉及一名知名商人的谋杀案。 23. The police found illegal drugs in his ________ during the raid. 警方在突袭中在他身上发现了非法毒品。 24. He faced a tough ________ in the boxing match. 他在拳击比赛中遇到了一位强大的对手。 25. The police ________ the suspect on suspicion of murder. 警方因谋杀嫌疑逮捕了嫌疑人。 III. 课文填空 REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA Trade and curiosity have often 1.______________________(构成……的基础) mankind’s greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was 2.______________________(对……的强烈热情) for the people of early civilisations. Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to 3.___________(寻找) sea routes from west to east. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.  In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centered around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here, merchants from China and many other places met to 4.____________________(商谈贸易交易), which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century. Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were 5._________________(一个看得见的景象) and were 6._____________________(独领风骚) at that time. 7.________________________(在……的指挥下) Zheng He, they 8.__________________(从……起航) the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship 9._________________(作为对……的回报) gold, silk, and spices. Although China 10._______________(退出) further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of 11.____________________(一带一路倡议). The aim of this initiative is to 12.________________(鼓励合作) and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and 13.____________________(加强联系) between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come. China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and 14.________________(文化交流). China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years, China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. From a scientific point of view, there is 15.__________________(急需) to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology 16._____________(在掌握中), the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 佳句背诵 1. Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements.贸易和好奇心经常是人类最伟大成就的基础。 2. To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today.如今，跨越海洋仍然是一种强烈的愿望。 3. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.这一倡议的目的是鼓励跨越历史丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，加强中国与世界各国的联系。 4. Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.几百年过去了，在掌握最新技术的情况下，贸易的需要和增进关系的愿望将推动中国在遥远的未来跨越海洋。 IV. 话题语篇泛读 Northwest Passage Follow in the wake of the early polar explorers by navigating the Canadian Arctic in waters that are still largely uncharted. When the wreck of the HMS Terror was discovered off the coast of King William Island. Nunavut, in 2016, it had been missing for 168 years. With sister ship HMS Erebus having been found in shallow Arctic waters nearby two years earlier, Terror’s discovery was the missing piece in one of the messiest jigsaw puzzles of polar exploration to date. British explorer Sir John Franklin’s ill-fated 19th-century expedition to find the as-yet unmapped, seasonally impassable Northwest Passage — a sea route connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans — was an endeavour that had gripped Victorian England, with tales of cannibalism (同类相残), shamanism (萨满教) and mutiny (兵变; 暴动) accompanying its vanishing. Canada’s High Arctic coastline and the scattered islands that surround the Northwest Passage — a treacherous route once seen as the golden ticket to facilitate trade links between Europe and Asia — still remain largely uncharted, thanks to its icebound conditions outside of summer. That said, it makes for an exciting place for adventure afloat. Remote as it seems, this is the territory of Inuit communities, scattered around the passage in far-flung town such as Resolute, on Cornwaillis Island. Here subsistence living is supplemented by selling traditional soapstone carvings; sculptures of ice bears guiding huntsmen reflect the human-animal symbiosis that’s central to Inuit culture. Island communities have played a vital role in piecing together her details of the Frankline expedition’s fate — oral histories and artefact finds ultimately leading to the ships’ discovery. With summer sea ice receding, the commerce first dreamed of by early explorers, the growing number of Qallunaaq (none Inuit) ships docking on Numavut’s shores brings both opportunities and conversation concerns to the custodians of these fragile fringes. But for now, passage through these water is still a privilege, granted by the weather and guided by local expertise. 跟随早期极地探险家的足迹，在大部分仍未被测绘的加拿大北极水域航行。 2016年，当英国皇家海军“恐怖号”（HMS Terror）的残骸在努纳武特威廉国王岛（King William Island）海岸被发现时，它已失踪了168年。而它的姊妹船“幽冥号”（HMS Erebus）两年前已在附近的北极浅水区被发现，因此“恐怖号”的发现是迄今为止极地探险史上最混乱的拼图游戏中缺失的那一块。 19世纪，英国探险家约翰·富兰克林爵士（Sir John Franklin）不幸地踏上了寻找当时尚未绘制地图、季节性无法通行的西北航道（连接大西洋和太平洋的海上航道）的征途。这一壮举曾牵动了维多利亚时代的英国，伴随着它的消失，还流传着食人、萨满教和叛乱的传说。 由于夏季以外的冰封条件，加拿大北极高纬度海岸线和围绕西北航道的分散岛屿——这条曾被视为促进欧洲和亚洲之间贸易联系的黄金通道的险峻航道——至今仍大部分未被测绘。尽管如此，这里仍是水上探险的激动人心之地。 尽管这里看似偏远，但这是因纽特人社区的领地，他们分散在遥远的城镇，如科恩威利斯岛（Cornwaillis Island）上的雷索鲁特（Resolute）。在这里，传统皂石雕刻的销售补充了他们的自给自足生活；冰熊雕塑指引着猎人，反映了因纽特文化中人与动物共生的核心。岛屿社区在拼凑富兰克林探险队命运的细节方面发挥了至关重要的作用——口头历史和文物发现最终导致了船只的发现。 随着夏季海冰的消退，早期探险家梦寐以求的贸易往来得以实现，越来越多的非因纽特人（Qallunaaq）船只停靠在努纳武特的海岸，这给这些脆弱边缘的守护者既带来了机遇，也引发了关于对话的担忧。但目前，通过这些水域通行仍然是一种特权，它取决于天气，并由当地专家引导。 答案 I. 单词 1. 1. tale 2. merchant 3. extend 4. negotiate 5. fleet 6. behold 7. league 8. royal 9. spice 10. withdraw 11. channel 12. maritime 13. bond 14. politics 15. profession 16. tournament 17. mixture 18. laptop 19. coverage 20. applaud 21. tax 22. manned 23. underwater 24. coral 25. migration 26. meanwhile 27. exploit 28. murder 29. mercy 30. possession 31. opponent 32. log 33. marine 34. arrest 35. n.名录 36. n.加仑 1. II. 短语 2. 3. set sail from... 4. set sail for 5. extend a meeting 6. negotiate with sb. about/over/on sth 7. withdraw from 8. a fleet of 9. in hand 10. mix (sth) with sth 11. a mixture of 12. bond between A and B 13. bond...to... 14. applaud for 15. applaud sb for sth 16. show mercy to sb 17. without mercy 18. at the mercy of...（fate） 19. in possession of 20. in the meanwhile/meantime 21. log in/on/into/onto... 22. under arrest 23. arrest sb. for... 24. in a league of one's own 25. press conference III. 单词变形 1. 2. extension extensive 3. negotiation 4. withdrawal 5. professional professionally 6. mixed mixture 7. coverage 8. applause 9. migration 10. exploitation 11. murderer 12. merciful 13. possession   IV. 单句填空 1. 1. tales 2. Behold 3. merchant 4. has been extended 5. negotiating 6. maritime 7. bond 8. withdrew 9. international politics 10. profession 11. coverage 12. log 13. applauded 14. taxes on 15. mixture 16. The manned space mission 17. underwater 18. migrate 19. Meanwhile 20. exploited 21. showed no mercy to 22. murder 23. possession 24. opponent 25. arrested V. 课文填空 1. 2. formed the foundation of 3. a strong passion 4. search for 5. negotiate trade deals 6. a sight to behold 7. in a league of their own 8. Under the command of 9. set sail from 10. in return for 11. withdrew from 12. the Belt and Road Initiative 13. encourage cooperation 14. strengthen the bonds 15. cultural exchange 16. an urgent need 17. in hand 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$