Unit 2 Sports Culture词性转换，核心单词，语法，短语，知识点复习题-2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元重难点易错题精练（译林版2020）

Unit 2 Sports Culture 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1．participate vi.参与，参加→ n．参加，参与→ n．参与者 2．compete vi.参加比赛；竞争→ n．竞争；比赛→ adj.竞争的；有竞争性的→ n．竞争者 3．racial adj.种族的；种族间的→ n．种族；比赛 4．diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的→ n．多样性；多种多样 5．motivate vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因→ n．动机 6．demonstrate vt.表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi.游行示威→ n．表现，表达；证实，证明；示范，演示；游行示威 7．applaud vt.& vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌→ n．鼓掌 8．election n．选举，推选；当选→ vt.选择；选举某人 9．faith n．信任；信心；信念；宗教信仰→ adj.忠实的；守信的 → adv.忠实地 10．ambition n．追求的目标，夙愿；雄心，野心，壮志→ adj.有雄心的，有野心的 11．gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地→ adj.逐渐的，逐步的 12．limit n．限度，限制；限额，限量；界限 vt.限制，限定；限量，减量→ adj.有限的→ adj.无限的 → n．范围；限制 13．opponent n．对手，竞争者；反对者→ adj.对抗的；相反的 → adj.强烈反对的；截然不同的 14．unselfish adj.无私的，忘我的→ adj.自私的 → adj.无私的→ n．自私自利→ n．无私，忘我 15．complain vi.& vt.抱怨，投诉→ n．不满；抱怨；埋怨；投诉 16．unintentionally adv.无意地，非故意地→ n．打算；计划；意图；目的 → adj.故意的；有意的；存心的→ adv.故意地，有意地 17． cruel adj.刻毒伤人的，残酷的→ n．残忍；残酷→ adv.残酷地；残忍地 一、语法填空 1．And in 2011, livestock exports to Indonesia were stopped after evidence of (cruel) emerged there. 2．One of her (ambition) is to become a doctor, and she has at last achieved it. 3．For over a century, people from (diversity) backgrounds have made joint efforts to help realize Coubertin’s dream. 4．How many candidates are standing for (elect)? 5．The player from the (oppose) side scored a goal at the beginning of the football match. 6．Unconsciously and (intention) we fill up the gaps and supplement the dream-images. 7．As we know, red tea, together with green tea, oolong tea and pu’er tea, (rank) the top four favorites in China. 8．As nobody here knows what is wrong with the old man, we must send for a doctor (handle) the problem. 9． (motivate) by the Olympic slogan “Faster, Higher, Stronger”, many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 10．She think she should (applaud) for her honesty. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 11．Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in (memorial)of Earhart’s final flight. 12．Do this exercise with your knees (bend). 13．The TV program Readers was so exciting that all the students kept their eyes (fix) on the screen. 14．The public kept (complain) about the increase in the cost of health insurance. 15．When the rescuers reached the cave, they found that the supplies (take). 16． (gradual), the children began to understand. 17．When she heard the news, tears (pour) down his cheeks. 18．After everyone was seated the chairman (proceed) to announce his plan. 19．I’m joyous to know you have in me. (faithfully) 20．The two pictures are similar, although not (identity). 21．They received a number of (complain)from customers about the lack of parking facilities. 22．He came to a conclusion from their (remark) that they were not in favour of the plan. 23．The witness opposed (turn) up at the court, which made him worried. 24．To everyone’s astonishment, the (participate) were accused of cheating in the competition. 25．Many (salesman) stood by the roadside to hand out the leaflets for their products to passers-by. 26．This part of the community needs to be protected from (race) prejudice. 27．Why not pay monthly and spread the cost of your car (insure)? 28．They (rough) pushed her forward. 29．The doctors have (successful) concluded the tests. 30．I don’t have the chance (explain). 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With marathons 31 (become) increasingly popular across China, more and more participants believe these events are more than just sports. They’ve developed 32 key platforms for showcasing a city’s culture, promoting fitness nationwide, and driving social development. Liu Min, the women’s domestic champion of 33 Flagship Beijing Marathon, told that those marathons are drawing more attention from young people. “A marathon is a way for young people to connect with a city’s culture and its unique character,” she 34 (add). Marathons across China are increasingly integrating local cultural elements 35 (highlight) the uniqueness of each city. The Shanghai Marathon takes runners past landmarks like the Bund, Xintiandi, and Jing’an Temple, reflecting the city’s distinct 36 (region) surroundings. The Beijing Marathon, meanwhile, 37 (feature) a route that includes landmarks like Chang’an Avenue, the National Museum of China, and the Olympic Park. Marathons are more than sporting events—they carry cultures. They encourage people to adopt a healthy lifestyle and provide cities with a valuable platform to showcase their culture and boost their 38 (visible). A runner shared that road running is not only the most widely 39 (recognize) event in athletics but also has the highest comprehensive benefits and the largest impact. He said that through his involvement in road running events, not only has he improved his physical health and expanded his social circle, but also witnessed his progress in running, 40 also helped him realize the true meaning of competing. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Running is good for your health. It may not only help you get into shape, but also help you live longer. According to a research 41 (do) in the US recently, runners are usually much 42 (healthy) than non-runners. 43 (actual), the runners live, on average, three years longer than the non-runners. Running may be good exercise, but it can be difficult on the body. Here 44 (be) commonly shared ideas among fitness experts for people 45 (run) regularly. Do not run too much, too soon or too fast. Most people get running injury when they push themselves too hard. 46 will take time to recover fully. Get good running shoes. You should find the shoes which offer the best fit and support for your feet. It is also the reason why you should have a new pair of shoes on a regular basis, every 500 to 800 kilometers. You can use various 47 (approach) to improve your running performance. After each run, write down notes about what you did and 48 you felt. You may find that your knees hurt when you run sometimes. Or perhaps you feel great and 49 (power) when you have a rest between running days. These notes will make 50 difference to your following running plans. 二、单词拼写 51．The word “volk” translates (字面上地) as “folk”． （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 52．Animals in the wild have to (竞争) for food. 53．He stood silently, tears rolling down both his (脸颊). 54．A qualified clerk should be good at (应付) difficult customers. 55．Good news was that the child’s (完全同样的) twin would be a perfect match for organ donation. 56．If I’m lucky enough to win the (选举), the first thing I will do is enrich our students’ after-class activities. 57．Just as an old saying goes, what we say should be (一致的) with what we do. 58．Over time, her confidence (逐渐地) grew as she faced and overcame various challenges. 59．They should be treated with the (尊严) proper to all individuals created by God. 60．On Oct. 1st, 2024, thousands of runners took part in a (马拉松) along Taihu Lake. 61．The moment he heard the news, tears of happiness (倾泻，涌流) down his checks. 62．Park-run is not a race but a time trial: Your only (对手) is the clock. 63．He left a (评论) on the photo, saying it was really impressive. 64．It’s (残忍的) to ignore someone who is asking for help. 65．Great changes are in prospect in this area due to foreign ____________ (投资). 三、完成句子 66．有人提醒那男孩他的家庭作业还没有交。 The boy was reminded that his homework in. 67．通过这种方式处理，你们的友谊很快就会得到修复。(分词作状语) , your friendship will soon be repaired. 68．我们很遗憾地发现我们所有的建议都被拒绝了。 We were sorry to find out that all our had . 69．受到叔叔的鼓励，他答应在国外努力学习，不辜负家人的期望。 by his uncle’s encouragement, he promised to do his best to his family’s expectations when studying overseas. 70．既尴尬又愧疚，她低下头，泪水滑落脸颊。 , she lowered her head, . 71．It’s totally unfair. They keep . 这一点都不公平。他们一直朝令夕改。 72．He began to lose heart . 他开始失去信心了, 因为每种方法都已经试过了。 73．Nowadays, people in many big cities are heavy traffic, which has seriously influenced people’s daily life and economic development. 现今，许多大城市的人们都在抱怨交通拥堵，它严重影响了人们的日常生活和经济发展。 74．作者只准备讨论这两个题目。 The author these two topics. 75．一些国家甚至限制每年到他们国家的游客数量。 Some countries even to their countries each year. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Sports Culture 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1．participate vi.参与，参加→participation n．参加，参与→participant n．参与者 2．compete vi.参加比赛；竞争→competition n．竞争；比赛→competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor n．竞争者 3．racial adj.种族的；种族间的→race n．种族；比赛 4．diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的→diversity n．多样性；多种多样 5．motivate vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因→motivation n．动机 6．demonstrate vt.表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi.游行示威→demonstration n．表现，表达；证实，证明；示范，演示；游行示威 7．applaud vt.& vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌→applause n．鼓掌 8．election n．选举，推选；当选→elect vt.选择；选举某人 9．faith n．信任；信心；信念；宗教信仰→ faithful adj.忠实的；守信的→faithfully adv.忠实地 10．ambition n．追求的目标，夙愿；雄心，野心，壮志→ambitious adj.有雄心的，有野心的 11．gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地→gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的 12．limit n．限度，限制；限额，限量；界限 vt.限制，限定；限量，减量→limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的 →limitation n．范围；限制 13．opponent n．对手，竞争者；反对者→opposing adj.对抗的；相反的→opposed adj.强烈反对的；截然不同的 14．unselfish adj.无私的，忘我的→selfish adj.自私的 →selfless adj.无私的→selfishness n．自私自利→selflessness n．无私，忘我 15．complain vi.& vt.抱怨，投诉→complaint n．不满；抱怨；埋怨；投诉 16．unintentionally adv.无意地，非故意地→intention n．打算；计划；意图；目的→intentional adj.故意的；有意的；存心的→intentionally adv.故意地，有意地 17．cruel adj.刻毒伤人的，残酷的→cruelty n．残忍；残酷→cruelly adv.残酷地；残忍地 一、语法填空 1．And in 2011, livestock exports to Indonesia were stopped after evidence of (cruel) emerged there. 【答案】cruelty 【详解】考查名词。句意：2011年，在印尼出现虐待牲畜的证据后，美国停止了对印尼的牲畜出口。根据“evidence of”可知，空处需填名词作介词的宾语，cruel作形容词，表示“残忍的”，名词cruelty表示“残忍，虐待”表示抽象含义时，是不可数名词。故填cruelty。 2．One of her (ambition) is to become a doctor, and she has at last achieved it. 【答案】ambitions 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：她的抱负之一是成为一名医生，并且她最终实现了。one of +复数名词。根据句意，故填ambitions。 3．For over a century, people from (diversity) backgrounds have made joint efforts to help realize Coubertin’s dream. 【答案】diverse 【详解】考查形容词。句意：一个多世纪以来，来自不同背景的人们为实现顾拜旦的梦想而共同努力。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词backgrounds，diversity的形容词为diverse意为“不同的”符合句意。故填diverse。 4．How many candidates are standing for (elect)? 【答案】election 【详解】考查名词。句意：有多少位候选人在参加竞选？根据空前的for可知，这里应用名词。election意为“选举”。stand for election 意为“参加竞选”，election，此处用作不可数名词。故填election。 5．The player from the (oppose) side scored a goal at the beginning of the football match. 【答案】opposing/opposite 【详解】考查形容词。句意：足球比赛一开始，对方的球员就进了一球。空处修饰名词side，需用形容词opposing/opposite，作定语。故填opposing/opposite。 6．Unconsciously and (intention) we fill up the gaps and supplement the dream-images. 【答案】unintentionally 【详解】考查副词。句意：我们在不知不觉和无意中填补了空白，补充了梦境的意象。副词unintentionally (无意中)作状语，修饰后文句子。故填unintentionally。 7．As we know, red tea, together with green tea, oolong tea and pu’er tea, (rank) the top four favorites in China. 【答案】ranks 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：众所周知，在中国，红茶与绿茶、乌龙茶和普洱茶并列为最受欢迎的四大茶品。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，together with连接主语时，谓语动词和其前的主语保持一致，主语“red tea”表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数，故填ranks。 8．As nobody here knows what is wrong with the old man, we must send for a doctor (handle) the problem. 【答案】to handle 【详解】考查不定式。句意：由于这里没有人知道这位老人得了什么病，我们必须请医生来处理这个问题。分析句子结构，该句子是as引导的原因状语从句，主句谓语动词是must send，所以空处填非谓语动词。由句意可知，处理问题是请医生的“目的”，所以此处填不定式to handle作目的状语。故填to handle。 9． (motivate) by the Olympic slogan “Faster, Higher, Stronger”, many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Motivated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在奥林匹克口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下，许多著名的男女运动员都致力于取得卓越的体育成就，推动人类成就的界限。be motivated by受到……激励，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式。根据句意，故填Motivated。 10．She think she should (applaud) for her honesty. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be applauded 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：她认为她应该因为诚实而受到赞许。结合句意可知，主语she和动词applaud之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词should后接动词原形，故填be applauded。 11．Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in (memorial)of Earhart’s final flight. 【答案】memory 【详解】考查名词。句意：评委们将选出多达50名光荣的获奖者，每人将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤衫。空格处作介词的宾语，应用名词的形式，in memory of纪念。故填memory。 12．Do this exercise with your knees (bend). 【答案】bent 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：双膝弯曲来做这个锻炼。所给动词bend意为“使弯曲”，在句中作宾语补足语，补充说明knees，与knees (膝盖)为被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。故填bent。 13．The TV program Readers was so exciting that all the students kept their eyes (fix) on the screen. 【答案】fixed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：电视节目《朗读者》太激动人心了，所有的学生都盯着屏幕看。分析句子结构可知，此处为keep+宾语+宾补；their eyes与fix之间为被动关系，因此需要填入过去分词。fix的过去词为fixed。故填fixed。 14．The public kept (complain) about the increase in the cost of health insurance. 【答案】complaining 【详解】考查动词。句意：公众一直在抱怨医疗保险费用的增加。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语keep doing sth.，意为“不停地做某事”。故填complaining。 15．When the rescuers reached the cave, they found that the supplies (take). 【答案】had been taken 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：当救援人员到达山洞时，他们发现补给已经被取走了。found后面的宾语从句的谓语动词take表示的动作发生在found这一动作之前，也就是过去的过去，且与supplies之间构成被动关系，所以用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been taken。 16． (gradual), the children began to understand. 【答案】Gradually 【详解】考查副词。句意：渐渐地，孩子们开始明白了。此处应用副词gradually，作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Gradually。 17．When she heard the news, tears (pour) down his cheeks. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】poured 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：当她听到这个消息时，眼泪顺着他的脸颊流下来。分析句子结构可知，此处应主句谓语动词，根据从句中的谓语动词heard可知，此处讲述的是发生在过去的事情，所以使用一般过去时态，且与主语tears之间为主动关系。故填poured。 18．After everyone was seated the chairman (proceed) to announce his plan. 【答案】proceeded 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：大家就座后，主席接下来宣布他的计划。分析句子中的was可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，时态是一般过去时，空格处动词是谓语动词，用过去式proceeded。故填proceeded。 19．I’m joyous to know you have in me. (faithfully) （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】faith 【详解】考查名词。句意：知道你对我有信心，我很高兴。表示“对……有信心、信任”短语为have faith in，故填faith。 20．The two pictures are similar, although not (identity). 【答案】identical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这两幅画虽然不完全相同，但很相似。此处作表语，应用形容词identical“相同的”。故填identical。 21．They received a number of (complain)from customers about the lack of parking facilities. 【答案】complaints 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：他们收到了许多顾客关于缺乏停车设施的投诉。此处应用名词complaint表示“投诉”作宾语，complaint为可数名词，在a number of后应用复数形式。故填complaints。 22．He came to a conclusion from their (remark) that they were not in favour of the plan. 【答案】remarks 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：他从他们的话中得出结论，他们不赞成这个计划。此处应用名词remark表示“言论”作宾语，remark为可数名词，在their后应用复数形式。故填remarks。 23．The witness opposed (turn) up at the court, which made him worried. 【答案】turning 【详解】考查动名词。句意：证人反对出庭，这使他很担心。oppose doing意为“反对做某事”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用动名词作宾语。turn up意为“出现”。故填turning。 24．To everyone’s astonishment, the (participate) were accused of cheating in the competition. 【答案】participants 【详解】考查可数名词的单复数和主谓一致。句意：令每个人吃惊的是，参赛者被指控在比赛中作弊。根据“were accused of cheating in the competition”可知，此处应用名词participant表示“参赛者”作主语。participant为可数名词，根据系动词were可知，主语应为复数形式。故填participants。 25．Many (salesman) stood by the roadside to hand out the leaflets for their products to passers-by. 【答案】salesmen 【详解】考查名词复数。句意:很多男推销员站在路边向路人分发他们的产品的传单。由句意及空前的Many可知应用名词salesman“男推销员”的复数形式salesmen，作主语。故填salesmen。 26．This part of the community needs to be protected from (race) prejudice. 【答案】racial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：社区的这部分人需要受到保护，不受种族偏见的影响。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作定语。racial为形容词，意为“种族的”，符合句意。racial prejudice“种族偏见”，故填racial。 27．Why not pay monthly and spread the cost of your car (insure)? 【答案】insurance 【详解】考查名词。句意：你为什么不把汽车保险费按月分期支付呢？根据句意可知，空处表示“保险费”，用名词形式insurance，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填insurance。 28．They (rough) pushed her forward. 【答案】roughly 【详解】考查副词。句意：他们粗暴地把她向前推了推。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用副词roughly，修饰动词pushed，作状语。故填roughly。 29．The doctors have (successful) concluded the tests. 【答案】successfully 【详解】考查副词。句意：医生们成功地完成了各项检查。修饰动词用副词作状语，故填successfully。 30．I don’t have the chance (explain). 【答案】to explain 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我没有机会解释。don’t have为谓语动词，名词chance后常用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“做……的机会”。故填to explain。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With marathons 31 (become) increasingly popular across China, more and more participants believe these events are more than just sports. They’ve developed 32 key platforms for showcasing a city’s culture, promoting fitness nationwide, and driving social development. Liu Min, the women’s domestic champion of 33 Flagship Beijing Marathon, told that those marathons are drawing more attention from young people. “A marathon is a way for young people to connect with a city’s culture and its unique character,” she 34 (add). Marathons across China are increasingly integrating local cultural elements 35 (highlight) the uniqueness of each city. The Shanghai Marathon takes runners past landmarks like the Bund, Xintiandi, and Jing’an Temple, reflecting the city’s distinct 36 (region) surroundings. The Beijing Marathon, meanwhile, 37 (feature) a route that includes landmarks like Chang’an Avenue, the National Museum of China, and the Olympic Park. Marathons are more than sporting events—they carry cultures. They encourage people to adopt a healthy lifestyle and provide cities with a valuable platform to showcase their culture and boost their 38 (visible). A runner shared that road running is not only the most widely 39 (recognize) event in athletics but also has the highest comprehensive benefits and the largest impact. He said that through his involvement in road running events, not only has he improved his physical health and expanded his social circle, but also witnessed his progress in running, 40 also helped him realize the true meaning of competing. 【答案】 31．becoming 32．into 33．the 34．added 35．to highlight 36．regional 37．features 38．visibility 39．recognized 40．which 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了马拉松在中国日益流行，不仅是体育赛事，还成为展示城市文化、促进全民健身和推动社会发展的重要平台。 31．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着马拉松在中国越来越受欢迎，越来越多的参与者认为这些活动不仅仅是运动。本句使用了“with+宾语+宾补”结构，become与marathons之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词。故填becoming。 32．考查介词。句意：它们已经发展成为展示城市文化、在全国范围内促进健身和推动社会发展的关键平台。develop into 为固定短语，含义为“发展成为”，符合语境。故填into。 33．考查冠词。句意：北京马拉松女子国内冠军刘敏表示，这些马拉松赛事正吸引着越来越多年轻人的关注。根据下文“Flagship Beijing Marathon(北京马拉松旗舰赛事)”可知此处表示特指北京马拉松，应使用定冠词the。故填the。 34．考查动词时态。句意：“马拉松是年轻人与一座城市的文化及其独特魅力建立联系的一种方式，”她补充道。空白处在句子中作谓语，因句子讲述的是过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时。故填added。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国各地的马拉松越来越多地融入当地文化元素以突出每个城市的独特性。空白处在句子中作状语表示目的，应使用动词不定式。故填to highlight。 36．考查形容词。句意：上海马拉松让跑步者经过外滩、新天地和静安寺等标志性建筑，反映了城市独特的地域环境。此处修饰名词surroundings，应使用形容词作定语。故填regional。 37．考查动词时态。句意：与此同时，北京马拉松的特色路线包括长安街、中国国家博物馆和奥林匹克公园等标志性建筑。空白处在句子中作谓语，这里描述的是一般事实，使用一般现在时，主语是The Beijing Marathon，为第三人称单数。故填features。 38．考查名词。句意：它们鼓励人们采用健康的生活方式，并为城市提供一个展示其文化和提高其知名度的宝贵平台。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，visible的名词形式为visibility，为不可数名词。故填visibility。 39．考查非谓语动词。句意：一位跑步者分享说，公路跑步不仅是田径运动中最被广泛认可的项目，也是综合效益最高、影响最大的项目。空白处在句子中作定语，使用非谓语动词，recognize与event之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词。故填recognized。 40．考查定语从句。句意：他说，通过参加公路跑步活动，他不仅改善了自己的身体健康，扩大了自己的社交圈，还见证了自己在跑步方面的进步，这也帮助他认识到了竞争的真正意义。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，引导词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Running is good for your health. It may not only help you get into shape, but also help you live longer. According to a research 41 (do) in the US recently, runners are usually much 42 (healthy) than non-runners. 43 (actual), the runners live, on average, three years longer than the non-runners. Running may be good exercise, but it can be difficult on the body. Here 44 (be) commonly shared ideas among fitness experts for people 45 (run) regularly. Do not run too much, too soon or too fast. Most people get running injury when they push themselves too hard. 46 will take time to recover fully. Get good running shoes. You should find the shoes which offer the best fit and support for your feet. It is also the reason why you should have a new pair of shoes on a regular basis, every 500 to 800 kilometers. You can use various 47 (approach) to improve your running performance. After each run, write down notes about what you did and 48 you felt. You may find that your knees hurt when you run sometimes. Or perhaps you feel great and 49 (power) when you have a rest between running days. These notes will make 50 difference to your following running plans. 【答案】 41．done 42．healthier 43．Actually 44．are 45．running 46．It 47．approaches 48．how 49．powerful 50．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跑步的好处以及一些健身专家对于经常跑步的人的建议。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据最近在美国进行的一项研究，跑步者通常比不跑步的人更健康。本句已有谓语动词are，所以do用非谓语形式，与逻辑主语research之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动和完成，作research的后置定语。故填done。 42．考查形容词。句意：根据最近在美国进行的一项研究，跑步者通常比不跑步的人更健康。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据空后的than可知，用比较级。故填healthier。 43．考查副词。句意：事实上，跑步的人比不跑步的人平均多活三年。空处修饰空后整个句子，用副词actually修饰，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Actually。 44．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：以下是健身专家对人们定期跑步的共同看法。这是一个倒装句，主语是复数名词ideas，提示词是系动词作谓语，陈述客观事实用一般现在时态，系动词用复数形式are。故填are。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：以下是健身专家对人们定期跑步的共同看法。本句已有谓语动词are，所以run用非谓语形式，与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，用现在分词形式表主动，作people的后置定语。故填running。 46．考查代词。句意：完全恢复需要时间。“It will take time to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事要花时间”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语；句首单词首字母大写。故填It。 47．考查名词。句意：你可以使用不同的方法来提高你的跑步表现。空前是形容词various，所以空处应填名词作宾语，approach意为“方法”，为可数名词，根据various可知，用复数形式。故填approaches。 48．考查宾语从句。句意：每次跑步后，写下你做了什么和感觉如何。根据and可知，空处和前文的what并列，引导宾语从句，结合句意，表示“感觉如何”，应用连接副词how引导从句，并在从句中作状语。故填how。 49．考查形容词。句意：或者当你在跑步日之间休息时，你会感觉很棒，很有力量。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，power的形容词形式是powerful。故填powerful。 50．考查冠词。句意：这些笔记将对你接下来的跑步计划产生影响。此处是固定搭配：make a difference to意为“对……产生影响”。故填a。 二、单词拼写 51．The word “volk” translates (字面上地) as “folk”． （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】literally 【详解】考查副词。句意：volk这个词从字面上翻译为“民间”。根据汉语提示可知，表示“字面上地”可用副词literally做状语修饰动词translates。故填literally。 52．Animals in the wild have to (竞争) for food. 【答案】compete 【详解】考查动词。句意：野生动物必须为食物而竞争。“竞争”作谓语，用动词compete，在情态动词have to后用原形。故填compete。 53．He stood silently, tears rolling down both his (脸颊). 【答案】cheeks 【详解】考查名词及单复数形式。句意：他静静地站着，泪水顺着双颊滚落下来。该空需要一个名词作宾语，根据汉语提示可知，名词cheek意为“脸颊”，符合题意，人有双颊，该词常用复数形式。故填cheeks。 54．A qualified clerk should be good at (应付) difficult customers. 【答案】handling 【详解】考查动名词。句意：一个合格的店员应该善于处理难缠的顾客。根据汉语提示“应付”，故用动词handle，结合上文be good at可知，此处应填动名词形式handling作介词at的宾语。故填handling。 55．Good news was that the child’s (完全同样的) twin would be a perfect match for organ donation. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】identical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：好消息是孩子的完全同样的双胞胎将是器官捐赠的完美匹配者。本空用形容词identical，意为“完全相同的”，作前置定语，修饰名词twin。故填identical。 56．If I’m lucky enough to win the (选举), the first thing I will do is enrich our students’ after-class activities. 【答案】election 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果我有幸赢得选举，我要做的第一件事就是丰富我们学生的课外活动。根据句汉语提示可知，此处为名词election“选举”作宾语，满足句意要求。故填election。 57．Just as an old saying goes, what we say should be (一致的) with what we do. 【答案】consistent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：俗话说，我们说的话应该与我们的行为一致。根据汉语提示“一致的”可知，空处应为形容词consistent，此处考查短语be consistent with，意为“与……一致”，形容词作表语。故填consistent。 58．Over time, her confidence (逐渐地) grew as she faced and overcame various challenges. 【答案】gradually 【详解】考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，在面对和克服各种挑战的过程中，她的信心逐渐增强。根据汉语提示“逐渐地”可知，此处为副词gradually，作状语，修饰动词grew。故填gradually。 59．They should be treated with the (尊严) proper to all individuals created by God. 【答案】dignity 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们应该受到上帝创造的所有人应有的尊严对待。根据汉语提示“尊严”可知，此处应填名词dignity作宾语，dignity为抽象名词，不可数。故填dignity。 60．On Oct. 1st, 2024, thousands of runners took part in a (马拉松) along Taihu Lake. 【答案】marathon 【详解】考查名词。句意：2024年10月1日，成千上万的选手参加了环太湖马拉松比赛。根据汉语提示“马拉松”，应填入名词marathon，在句中作介词in的宾语，空前有不定冠词，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填marathon。 61．The moment he heard the news, tears of happiness (倾泻，涌流) down his checks. 【答案】poured 【详解】考查时态。句意：当他听到这个消息时，幸福的泪水从他的脸颊上涌流下来。根据汉语提示可知应填动词pour，结合上文heard可知为一般过去时。故填poured。 62．Park-run is not a race but a time trial: Your only (对手) is the clock. 【答案】opponent/rival 【详解】考查名词。句意：公园跑不是一场比赛，而是一场计时赛：你唯一的对手就是时钟。根据汉语提示，表示“对手”可用opponent或rival，为可数名词，根据空前的only可知，这里应用名词单数，作主语。故填opponent/rival。 63．He left a (评论) on the photo, saying it was really impressive. 【答案】remark/comment 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对这张照片发表了评论，说它真的令人印象深刻。根据空前的a可知，空处应用名词单数作宾语，结合汉语提示“评论”可知，可用可数名词remark/comment。故填remark/comment。 64．It’s (残忍的) to ignore someone who is asking for help. 【答案】cruel 【详解】考查形容词。句意：忽视寻求帮助的人是残忍的。根据汉语提示“残忍的”，可知需要形容词cruel作表语。故填cruel。 65．Great changes are in prospect in this area due to foreign ____________ (投资). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】investment 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于外国投资，这一领域可能会发生巨大的变化。根据汉语提示“投资”可知应填名词investment，作介词due to的宾语。故填investment。 三、完成句子 66．有人提醒那男孩他的家庭作业还没有交。 The boy was reminded that his homework in. 【答案】 had not been handed 【详解】考查动词时态语态和短语。根据中英文提示，空处缺少谓语“还没有交”，hand in意为“提交”，与主语homework是被动关系，根据句意和主句中的was，“hand in”表示“过去的过去”发生的动作，故用过去完成时的被动语态的否定式。故填①had，②not，③been，④handed。 67．通过这种方式处理，你们的友谊很快就会得到修复。(分词作状语) , your friendship will soon be repaired. 【答案】Approached in this way/Handled in this way/Dealt with in this way 【详解】 考查动词（短语）、介词短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“通过这种方式处理”，“通过这种方式”可用介词短语in this way，“处理”可用动词approach或handle，或动词短语deal with，且空处作句子的方式状语，是非谓语动词，approach、handle或deal with和your friendship逻辑上是被动关系，动词应用过去分词的形式，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Approached/Handled/Dealt with in this way。 68．我们很遗憾地发现我们所有的建议都被拒绝了。 We were sorry to find out that all our had . 【答案】 suggestions/proposals been rejected 【详解】考查名词和被动语态。对比中英文句子可知，第一空意为“建议”，后两空意为“被拒绝”，“建议”是suggestion/proposal，空前有all，第一空用复数；“拒绝”是reject，建议是被拒绝，因此要用被动语态，由had可知，时态是过去完成时，因此空格处是过去完成时的被动语态，是had been done，因此后两空是been rejected。故填suggestions/proposals，been，rejected。 69．受到叔叔的鼓励，他答应在国外努力学习，不辜负家人的期望。 by his uncle’s encouragement, he promised to do his best to his family’s expectations when studying overseas. 【答案】 Motivated live up to 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。第一空表示“受到鼓励”应用动词motivate，与he构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语；第二空表示“不辜负”短语为live up to，且上文为短语do one’s best to do sth.。故填①Motivated；②live；③up；④to。 70．既尴尬又愧疚，她低下头，泪水滑落脸颊。 , she lowered her head, . 【答案】 Embarrassed and guilty tears rolling down her cheeks 【详解】考查形容词作状语和独立主格结构。“既尴尬又愧疚”在句中作原因状语，可用形容词embarrassed and guilty表示；“泪水滑落脸颊”作伴随状语，可处理为独立主格结构，逻辑主语“泪水”用tears，“滑落”用动词动词短语roll down，与其逻辑主语tears之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式rolling down，“脸颊”作介词宾语，用her cheeks。故填①Embarrassed and guilty；②tears rolling down her cheeks。 71．It’s totally unfair. They keep . 这一点都不公平。他们一直朝令夕改。 【答案】moving the goalposts 【详解】考查动名词短语。根据汉语提示和句意，设空处为“朝令夕改”，表达为动词短语move the goalposts；此处考查动词短语keep doing，应用动名词作keep的宾语，故填moving the goalposts。 72．He began to lose heart . 他开始失去信心了, 因为每种方法都已经试过了。 【答案】because every means had been tried already. 【详解】考查状语从句和动词时态语态。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“因为每种方法都已经试过了”，此处句应是because引导的原因状语从句，主语是“每种方法”译为“every means”，“已经试过了”作谓语，和主语是被动关系，应该用被动语态，根据句意，描述的是过去的过去，应该用过去完成时，译为“had been tried already”。故填：because every means had been tried already。 73．Nowadays, people in many big cities are heavy traffic, which has seriously influenced people’s daily life and economic development. 现今，许多大城市的人们都在抱怨交通拥堵，它严重影响了人们的日常生活和经济发展。 【答案】complaining about 【详解】考查动词短语和现在进行时。表示“抱怨”应用动词短语complain about。根据are可知，表示“正在”应用现在进行时。故填complaining about。 74．作者只准备讨论这两个题目。 The author these two topics. 【答案】will limit himself to discussion of 【详解】考查动词时态和固定短语搭配。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“只准备讨论”，根据句意可知，应该用一般将来时，用固定短语：limit sb to sth意为“限制某人做某事”，以及discussion of意为“讨论”，译为“will limit himself to discussion of”。故填will limit himself to discussion of。 75．一些国家甚至限制每年到他们国家的游客数量。 Some countries even to their countries each year. 【答案】 limit the number of visitors 【详解】考查动词时态、固定短语和名词的数。空格1作谓语，根据时间状语each year可知，应用一般现在时，结合句意“限制”应填limit；表示“……的数量”应用固定短语the number of；表示“游客”应用名词visitor，作宾语，根据句意应用名词的复数形式。故空格1填limit；空格2填the；空格3填number；空格4填of；空格5填visitors。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$