Unit 3 Food and Culture 一轮复习检测-2026届高三英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

XB2U3 知识总复习 I. 单词 1. n.菜肴 29. n.适度 2. adj.先前的 30. adj.完美的 n.理想 3. v.包含 31. adj.根本的n.基本规律 4. adj.大胆自信的 32. v.咀嚼n.咀嚼 5. n.厨师 33. adj.一致的 6. v.填满 n.东西 34. adj.些许的 7. n.薄片 35. n.诀窍 8. adj.精美的 36. adv.总体上adj.全面的 9. adj.特别的 37. pepper 10. adj.最小的 n.最小值 38. recipe 11. v.吃；喝 39. peppercorn 12. n.脾气 40. vinegar 13. n.素食主义者 41. onion 14. n.无用的东西 42. lamb 15. n.品牌 43. garlic 16. n.成分 44. bacon 17. n.甜点 45. ham 18. adj.稳定的 46. sausage 19. n.食堂 47. cabbage 20. n.猪肉 48. olive 21. adv.有点 49. fig 22. n.女士 50. dough 23. n.协会 51. haggis 24. n.类别 52. cafeteria 25. n.维生素 53. bun 26. n.纤维 54. pearl 27. n.数量 55. calorie 28. adj.奶制的 n.乳制品 II. 短语/词块 1. 中国菜肴 14. 一个新品牌 2. 在...之前的 15. 稳定的工作 3. 由...组成 16. 结社；结成团体 4. 大胆的举动 17. 与...有联系 5. 塞满 18. 大量；许多 6. 一片面包 19. 一个理想的大学 7. 优雅的连衣裙 20. 对...至关重要 8. 展示特别的天赋 21. 捉弄；戏弄 9. 至少，仅仅达到最低标准 22. 生活水平的全面提高 10. 消耗能量 23. 切下 11. 喝咖啡 24. 红烧肉 12. 发脾气，情绪失控 25. 不管不顾 13. 控制情绪 III. 单词变形 1. consist vi.组成；在于；一致→___________adj. 一致的；连续的→___________adv.一贯地；始终如一地 2. elegant adj. 精美的；讲究的；文雅的→___________n. 优雅；端庄→___________adv.精美地；讲究地；文雅地 3. exceptional adj. 特别的；罕见的→___________n. 例外；例外的人/事→___________prep. 除……外 4. stable adj. 稳定的；稳重的→___________adv.稳定地；平稳地 5. modest adj. 些许的；谦虚的；朴素的→___________n. 谦虚；朴素 6.fundamental adj.根本的；基础的；基本的　n.基本规律；根本法则→___________adv.根本上；完全地 7. trick n. 诀窍；计谋；把戏vt.欺骗；哄骗→___________adj. 难对付的；狡猾的 8. association n. 协会；关联→___________adj. 有关的；有联系的→___________v. 联想；联系；交往 9. consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→___________n. 消费者；顾客；用户→___________n. (能量、食物或材料的)消耗，消耗量 10. prior a dj.先前的；优先的→___________n. 优先事项；优先；优先权 11. minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的n.最小值；最少量→___________adj.最高的；最多的；最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度；最高限度 IV. 单句填空 1. The committee __________ __________ ten members. 委员会由十人组成。 2. A man seen hanging around the area __________ __________ the shooting could have been involved. 在枪杀案发生之前，有人目睹一位男子在这附近游荡，该男子可能与此案有关。 3. Please give us __________ notice if you need an evening meal. 需用晚餐者，请预先通知我们。 4. His hands __________ __________ in his pockets. 他两手插在口袋里。 5. Don't __________ the kids __________ chocolate before their dinner. 正餐前不要给孩子一个劲地吃巧克力。 6. It was a __________ move on their part to open a business in France. 在法国开业是他们的一个大胆举动。 7. Patricia looked beautiful and __________ as always. 帕特里夏一如既往地美丽优雅。 8. He passed the exams with the __________ of effort. 他没费什么劲就通过了考试。 9. The electricity industry __________ large amounts of fossil fuels. 电力工业消耗大量的矿物燃料。 10. Carolyn __________ __________ __________ guilt. 卡罗琳深感内疚。 11. At the age of five he __________ __________ __________ as a musician. 他五岁时就表现出非凡的音乐才能。 12. He must learn to __________ __________ __________. 他得学会捺住性子。 13. The price of oil should remain __________ for the rest of 1992. 油价会在 1992 年剩下的时间里保持稳定。 14. When she finished painting, she stepped back to admire the __________ effect. 画完以后，她退后一步，以审视总体效果。 15. __________, this is a very useful book. 总的来说，这是一本很有用的书。 16. They have maintained __________ __________ __________ __________ a college in the US. 他们和美国一所学院保持了密切联系。 17. I always __________ the smell of baking __________ my childhood. 一闻到烘烤食物的味道，我就想起了童年。 18. You don't get rich, but you can get a __________ living out of it. 你不会因此而发财，却可以使自己的生活能过得去。 19. He went ahead and did it, __________ __________ the consequences. 他说干就干了，没有考虑后果。 20. The situation has changed __________ since we last met. 自我们上次见面以来情况有些变化。 21. She's not very __________ in the way she treats her children. 她对待孩子反复无常。 22. Students over 25 fall into a different __________. 25 岁以上的学生属另一类。 23. It's cheaper to buy goods __________ __________. 大量购物比较便宜。 24. The team enjoyed only __________ success last season. 上个赛季，这个队伍只取得了中等成绩。 25. This beach __________ __________ __________ children. 这个海滩是孩子的理想去处。 26. We are __________ __________ __________ __________ a man who keeps bothering me. 我们正在戏弄那个一直烦我的家伙。 27. Hard work __________ __________ __________ success. 勤奋工作是成功的基础。 28. Alcohol should only ever be taken __________ __________. 酒只可少量饮用。 29. The results are entirely __________ __________ our earlier research. 这些结果与我们早些时候的研究完全吻合。 30. She's very __________ about her success. 她对自己的成功非常谦虚。 III. 课文填空 CULTURE AND CUISINE The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin once wrote, “Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.” 1.___________________(简而言之), this means “You are what you eat.” Most people today 2.______________________(把这句话与健康饮食联系起来). However, Brillat-savarin was actually 3.______________(指的是) our personality, character, and culture. Certainly, in many ways this seems to be true. Chinese cuisine is 4._____________________(恰当的例子). 5.__________________(在……之前) coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to 6._____________________(适合美国人的口味). For example, America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken, which 7.______________(包含；由……组成) fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, 8._______________(由……调味) hot red peppers. This is probably not an authentic Chinese recipe, however, so it cannot tell us much about the Chinese. On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans. It tells us, for example, that Americans love bold, simple favours. And since the dish was also invented recently, it tells us that Americans are not afraid to try new foods. Later, I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China. When my family and I had just arrived in China, we 9._____________(去寻找) a good place to eat in Beijing. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend, and finally, we found it. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we 10.________________(不知道) how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. With this, we had the pleasure of experiencing an entirely new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. The food was wonderful and different, but what was even more important was the friendship offered us. We soon moved to Shandong Province in the eastern part of North China. My favourite dish there was boiled dumplings served with vinegar. I observed that family is important to the people there. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been 11._____________________(一个家庭活动) with everyone—from the youngest to the oldest—joining in to help. Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions. Then we moved to northern Xinjiang. Some of our friends were Kazak and Inner Mongolian. These groups traditionally wandered the open range on horses. As a result, their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire—usually boiled or roasted meat, such as lamb kebab. Our travels then took us to South China, and then on to central China. In each place we went, we experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdong's elegant dim sum—small servings of food in bamboo steamers—to the exceptional stewed noodles In Henan. Everywhere, the food was 12.____________________(像……多种多样) the people. However, one thing is always true: Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness.   13._______________(至少), the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like. Could we also say, for example, that those who like bold flavours are bold themselves? Or, that those who like 14.___________________(辛辣的食物) tend to have a 15._______________(火爆的脾气)? Maybe. Maybe not. What we can say, however, is that culture and cuisine 16.______________________(密切相关), and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other. 佳句背诵 1. Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. 来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹任，那里的中国食物已被改变，以适应美国人的口味。 2. The food was wonderful and different, but what was even more important was the friendship offered us.食物妙不可言、与众不同，但更为重要的是我们所获得的友谊。 3. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone—from the youngest to the oldest—joining in to help.水饺已成为华北人民最喜爱的一种传统食物:包饺子一直是一项全员参与的家庭活动，无论老少都会加入进来帮忙。 4. At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like.当地人的食物种类至少能让我们知道该地区种植什么作物、人们过着怎样的生活以及他们的爱憎。 5. What we can say, however, is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other.但是，我们可以确定的是，文化和美食这两者息息相关，如果你没有体验过其中的一个，你就永远无法真正了解另一个。 IV. 话题语篇泛读 A Movable Feast a New Book Celebrate Chinese Food’s Spread And Savour About a decade ago, this correspondent attended a banquet in Guangzhou. The bird’s nest soup was gentle and slithery, the sea cucumber rich and gelatinous and the fish sparklingly fresh and perfectly steamed. The most memorable dish, however, was the plain white cup of broth served at the end. Made from chicken, probably with ham and dried scallop as well, it was simple, austere and perfect. Ending a banquet with soup may seem odd to Westerners, accustomed as they are to sweets at a meal’s close. But, as Fuchsia Dunlop, an English food writer, explains in an authoritative new book, stock is a unique, intrinsic expression of a chef’s art, much as a voice is for a singer. And the “transparent, almost invisible soup…in its quiet golden, ineffable loveliness” is an ideal conclusion to a banquet, with its opulence and strong flavours. Invitation to a Banquet is Ms Dunlop’s seventh book. Unlike those for which she is best known, including The Food of Sichuan and Revolutionary Kitchen (about Hunanese cuisine), this is not a cookbook. Instead, she has chosen 30 dishes and used each to illuminate different aspects of Chinese cuisine—and, in turn, Chinese life and history. This is less of a departure for Ms Dunlop than it seems. Like other outsiders who spend their lives focused on a foreign cuisine—as Diana Kennedy, an English food writer, did in Mexico, or Paula Wolfert, an American, did in the Middle East—she is more a gatherer than an inventor of recipes. Ms Dunlop’s well-researched cookbooks read as mini-ethnographies. Readers will not learn how to make braised pomelo pith with shrimp eggs but how and why Chinese chefs have long prized unusual (and to Western palates, sometimes off-putting) ingredients, such as the bitter pith of a giant citrus fruit. An apparently humble, but in fact exceptionally laborious, dish of braised carp’s tail is a jumping-off poin for a discussion of the importance of kougan, or mouth-feel, in Chinese cuisine. Westerners, Ms Dunlop argues, “have traditionally assumed that the Chinese eat marginal animal parts out of poverty and desperation”, when in fact turning up one’s nose at gizzards, cartilage and jellyfish shuts the door on a range of foods that is wonderfully cui (“slippery and crunchy, often in a wet way”). In aggregate, Ms Dunlop makes a compelling case for the superiority of Chinese cuisine, but in a delighted and expansive rather than chauvinistic way. She shows how it has assimilated foreign influences (as other cuisines have, too), how it has changed with China’s increasing wealth and how central it is to the country’s intellectual and cultural history. She makes an equally compelling case that what Westerners think of as “Chinese food”, meaning what most can find at their local takeaway, is neither inauthentic nor wrong. Instead, it is a diasporic offshoot that reflects local tastes but is about as representative of the cuisine’s diversity as a frozen pizza is of Italy’s. Immigration and adventurousness have made the real thing more accessible than ever outside China. Eaters should savour that. 大约十年前，经济学人记者在广州参加了一次宴会。宴席上的燕窝口感清淡滑口，海参浓郁Q弹，鱼肉鲜美味赞，清蒸得恰到好处。当然，最令人难忘的还是最后上桌的那碗清淡口感的鸡汤，英国还添加了火腿和干贝，简单、味美。 对西方人来说，以汤结束宴会似乎有些奇怪，因为他们习惯在用餐结束时吃甜食。但是，正如英国美食作家扶霞-邓洛普Fuchsia Dunlop在一本权威新书中解释的那样，汤汁是厨师艺术的一种独特、内在的表现形式，就像歌手的嗓音一样。“清澈透明的汤底微闪油光，有一种难以言喻的美味”，流连忘返的口感是宴会的终极目标。 《鱼翅与花椒》是邓洛普女士的第七本书。与《川菜》和《湘菜谱》等她最著名的作品不同，这不是一本菜谱书。而是她精选了 30 道菜，用每一道菜来阐释中国菜的不同方面，进而阐释中国人的生活和历史。 对于邓洛普女士来说，这并不离经叛道。与其他终其一生专注于外国美食的外来者一样，英国美食作家戴安娜·肯尼迪（Diana Kennedy）在墨西哥、美国人保拉-沃尔弗特（Paula Wolfert）在中东都是如此，她与其说是菜谱的发明者，不如说是菜谱的收集者。邓洛普女士精心研究的食谱读起来就像一本微型民族志。 读者将看到的不是如何用虾卵烹制红烧柚子瓤，而是中国厨师如何以及为何长期以来一直珍视不寻常的（对于西方人有点难以接受的）食材，如巨大柑橘类水果的苦瓤。红烧鲤鱼尾这道菜看似不起眼，实际上却异常费工，它是讨论“口感”在中国菜中的重要性的切入点。 邓洛普女士认为，西方人传统上认为中国人吃动物的内脏是出于贫穷和绝望，而事实上，对胗、软骨和海蜇嗤之以鼻，就等于对一系列“滑脆”的食物关上了大门。 总之，邓洛普女士用令人信服的论据验证了中国菜的美味，她的论据充分，令人愉悦，不盲目。她展示了中国菜如何吸收外来影响（其他菜系也是如此），中国菜是如何随着中国的日益富裕而变化的，以及中国菜在中国思想和文化历史中是多么重要。 她同样令人信服地指出，西方人眼中的中国菜，也就是大多数人在当地外卖店能找到的菜，既不是不正宗的，也不是错误的。相反，它是反映当地口味的分散，但就像速冻披萨代表意大利一样，不能代表美食的多样性。移民和冒险精神使真正的美食在中国以外的地方比以往任何时候都更容易获得。吃货们应该好好品味。 答案 I. 单词 1. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. cuisine 2. prior 3. consist 4. bold 5. chef 6. stuff 7. slice 8. elegant 9. exceptional 10. minimum 11. consume 12. temper 13. vegetarian 14. junk 15. brand 16. ingredient 17. dessert 18. stable 19. canteen 20. pork 21. somewhat 22. madam 23. association 24. category 25. vitamin 26. fibre 27. quantity 28. dairy 29. moderation 30. ideal 31. fundamental 32. chew 33. consistent 34. modest 35. trick 36. overall 37. n.甜椒 38. n.烹饪法 39. n.胡椒粒 40. n.醋 41. n.洋葱 42. n.羔羊 43. n.蒜 44. n.熏猪肉 45. n.火腿 46. n.香肠；腊肠 47. n.卷心菜 48. n.橄榄树 49. n.无花果 50. n.生面团 51. n.羊杂碎肚 52. n.自助餐厅 53. n.圆面包 54. n.珍珠 55. n.卡路里 II. 短语 1. 2. Chinese cuisine 3. prior to 4. consist of 5. a bold move 6. be stuffed with 7. a slice of bread 8. an elegant dress 9. show exceptional talent 10. at a minimum 11. consume energy 12. consume coffee 13. lose one’s temper 14. control one’s temper 15. a new brand 16. a stable job 17. form an association 18. be associated with 19. large quantities of/a large quantity of 20. an ideal university 21. be fundamental to 22. play tricks on 23. an overall improvement in standards of living 24. slice...off 25. red braised pork 26. regardless of III. 词汇变形 1. 1. consistent consistently 2. elegance elegantly 3. exception except 4. stably 5. modesty 6. fundamentally 7. tricky 8. associated associate 9. consumer consumption 10. priority 11. maximum IV. 单句填空 1. 2. consists of 3. prior to 4. prior 5. were stuffed 6. stuff…with… 7. bold 8. elegant 9. minimum 10. consumes 11. was consumed with 12. showed exceptional talent 13. control his temper 14. stable 15. overall 16. Overall 17. a close association with 18. associate…with… 19. modest 20. regardless of 21. somewhat 22. consistent 23. category 24. in quantity 25. moderate 26. is ideal for 27. playing a trick on 28. is fundamental to 29. in moderation 30. consistent with 31. modest V. 课文填空 1. 1. Put more simply 2. relate this saying to healthy eating 3. referring to 4. a case in point 5. Prior to 6. suit American tastes 7. consists of 8. flavoured with 9. went looking for 10. had no idea 11. a family affair 12. as varied as 13. At a minimum 14. spicy food 15. hot temper 16. go hand in hand VI. $$