Unit 7 Natural Disasters L语法课件2024-2025学年高二上学期 中职英语高教版（2023修订版）基础模块3

Natural Disasters Unit 7 英语3 基础模块 Period5 & period6 自然灾害 主语从句和表语从句 It is true that these disasters are not actually all that natural. It is known that sandstorms are caused naturally by strong winds. The most important thing is how we can have more people join us. 由that引导的主语从句 由that引导的主语从句 由how引导的表语从句 She surprised me. 主 谓 That she is a racing driver surprised me. 主 谓 宾 主语从句 定义：在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句叫主语从句。 宾 定义 主语从句：从句在复合句中充当主语成分的句子 表语从句：从句在复合句中充当表语成分的句子 表语在系动词之后，一般结构为主语+系动词+表语从句 be动词，感官动词... 区别 主谓宾 主系表【①一般位于句首；②句首有it，后有that，一般也是】 主语从句 在复合句中，主语为句子的从句叫主语从句。主语从句用陈述语气，句首引导词不能省略。 That he didn’t take part in my wedding made me unhappy. 主语 句子充当主语，这个句子就是主语从句 引导词 谓语 宾语 宾补 从句用陈述句语气 引导词有： 从属连词 that, whether, if 连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what,whatever,whoever连接副词when,where,how,why... That he will succeed is certain. What we need is your help. It is a pity that we lost the ball. 识别主语从句 1.先找谓语，谓语前的句子就是主语从句， 2.it做形式主语，从句作真正的主语，即为主语从句 主语从句 that引导的主语从句 It is certain (that) he will come. 为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词it 做形式主语，来代替主语从句，而把主语从句放于句末。 不作成分，没有实际意义 在句首时不能省略 it作形式主语时that可省略 That he will come is certain. that在句首不能省略 形式主语 that在句末可省略 句子为真正的主语，即为主语从句 主语从句 whether/if引导的主语从句 使用形式主语it 时，if/whether 引导的名词性从句为真正的主语。 意为“是否”，不作成分不能省略， 在句首只能用whether不用if whether与or not 连在一起时不用if Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. It depends on the weather whether/if we’ll go camping tomorrow. It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not. It doesn’t matter whethr or not he will come. 在句首只能用whether不用if 主语从句 连接代词引导的主语从句 whatever=anything that whoever=anyone who 起连接作用，不能省略，有实际意义，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语 What you said yesterday was right. Who will go makes no difference. Whatever was said here must be kept secret. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. whatever和whoever引导的主语从句不含疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句 主句谓语大多用单数形式 what作said的宾语 who作从句主语 主语从句 连接副词引导的主语从句 起连接作用，不能省略，有实际意义，作状语 Why he didn’t come yesterday is unknown. How this happened is not clear. When he will come is unknown. 也可转换为It作形式主语 =It is unknown when he will come. 注意:主语在前，谓语在后，不是when will he come 主语从句 It作形式主语的常见句型 (2) It+be+n.+ 从句 It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that... 令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事实是…… It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 (1) It+be+adj.+ 从句 It’s certain that… ……是肯定的 It is possible/unlikely that... ……是有/不可能的 It is obvious that… ……很明显 It is necessary/important/natural/...that… (should)+do / be done+… 做……是有必要的/ 重要的/ 自然的 主语从句 It作形式主语的常见句型 (4) It+ 不及物动词或短语+ 从句 It seems as if… 似乎…… It doesn’t matter that… ……没关系 (3) It+be+ 过去分词+ 从句 It is reported that… 据报道…… It is said that… 据说…… It is believed that… 人们相信…… 主语从句 连接代词 用适当的关系代词填空。(who/what/which/whose/whatever/whoever...) 1._______I want to tell you is that I love you. 2._______he said really had great impact on me. 3._______break the law will be punished. 4._______surprised me was the way he spoke. 5._______will attend the meeting is unknown. 用合适的关系副词填空 1._____ he didn’t come yesterday is unknown. 2.____________we will set up the factory should be discussed. 3.__________this happened is not clear. What What Whoever What Who Why When/Where How/Why (1)________ they're doing has never been done before. A. That B. What C. Whether D. Why (2)________ a good thing that they didn't catch you. A. That's B. It's C. There's D. What's (3)________ we understand things has a lot of to do with what we feel. A. Where B. How C. Why D. When (4)________ we lost to a stronger team is bad news for us. A. As B. If C. Whether D. That (5)________ he works is considered the cultural center of the city. A. What B. Why C. Where D. How 1.______matters most in learning English is enough practice. A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which 2.______we go swimming every day does us a lot of good. A.If B.That C.Whether D.Who 3.It is uncertain______side effect the medicine will bring about. A.that B.how C.what D.whether 4.______we will go for a picnic or not depends on the whether. A.If B.That C.Whether D.Who 5.--Does she like coffee or tea? --It is unknown______she would like to have. A.how B.which C.what D.that A B C C B She is a police officer. 主 系 表 Police officer is what she wants to be. 主 系 表 表语从句 定义：在复合句中，由一个句子充当表语，这个句子就是表语从句。 定义 表语从句 表语从句用陈述语气，一般放在主句的谓语动词（系动词）后，常用的系动词有be，seem，remain，sound，look等。 The fact is that he doesn’t really try. 表语 句子充当表语，这个句子就是表语从句 引导词 谓语 主语 从句用陈述句语气 引导词与主语从句大致相同 引导词有： 从属连词 that,whether,because 连接代词who/whom/whose/what/which... 连接副词when/where/why/how... 表语从句 The trouble is that I have lost his address. My suggestion is that we should tell him. My idea is that we should start making a change. that引导的表语从句 要建命：要求（request, requirement, insistence...） 建议（idea, advice, suggestion, proposal...） 命令（order, instrucion...） 不作成分 没有实际意义 通常不能省略 that不能省略 主语是“要建命”时，表语从句用“should+do（动词原形） 表语从句 whether引导的表语从句 意为“是否”，不作成分不能省略， 不用if The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 连接代词引导的表语从句 The problem is who we can get to replace her. My concern is what he really expects to get from us. What I want to know is which road we should take. who/whom/whose/what/which... 表语从句 连接副词引导的表语从句 when/where/why/how... That was when I was nine. The problem is how we can find the ball. because引导的表语从句 This is because she has already seen the film. 表语从句 易混句型辨析 This is why... 这就是……的原因 This is because... 这是因为…… The reason why...is that... ……的原因是…… The reason that/which...is that... ……的原因是…… 1. Jane got up late. This was ______ she missed the school bus. 2. Jane missed the school bus. This was _______ she got up late. 3.The reason _____ Jane missed the sctool bus was ____ she got up late. 4.The reason___________Jane gave for her missing the school bus was ______ she got up late. why because that why that/ which that 用that /what填空: 1.______ he wants is a book. 2.______ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is______we won the game. 4.This is_______we want to know. 5.Is______he told us true ? What That that what what (1)The question is _____we will have our sports meeting next week. A. that B. if C. when D. whether (2)The reason why he failed is ____ he was too careless. A. because B. that C. for D. because of (3)This is ____ the city lies. A. which B. what C. where D. when (4)That is _____ we were late yesterday. A. that B. when C. why D. what (5)—I feel terrible. —I think it is ____ you are doing too much work now. A. why B. when C. what D. because (6)Home is________ we complain the most, but are often treated the best. A. which B. where C. that D. how 1.The question is ______we will have our sports meeting next week. A.that B.if C.when D.whether 2.The reason why he failed is_______he was careless. A.because B.that C.for D.because of 3.Go and get your coat .It's______you left it. A.where B.there C.there where D.where there 4.The problem is_______to take the place of Ted A.who can we get B.what can we get C.who we can get D.what we can get 5.What I want to know is_________he likes the gift given by us. A.that B.if C.whether D./ D B A C C 6.The reason is_________I missed the bus. A.that B.when C.why D.what 7.That is________we were late last time. A.that B.when C.why D.what 8.She looked _________she were ten years younger. A.that B.like C.as D.as if 9.The reason why he hasn’t come is______________ A.because his mother is ill B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill D.for his mother is ill 10.That is_______Lu Xun once lived. A.what B.where C.that D.why A C D C B Read and group. 根据上面的例句对下列句子进行归类。 1) It is said that the first bridge was built more than three centuries ago. 2) The fact is that he couldn’t use the computer. 3) That is why they decided to hold a meeting. 4) It won’t make too much difference whether we have it or not. 5) The problem is which team will be chosen. 6) It doesn’t matter whether you pay cash or by credit card. It’s true that these disasters aren’t actually all that natural. The most important thing is how we can have more people join us. 4） 1） 2） 6） 3） 5） Read and match. 将左右两栏匹配，组成完整的句子。 1) We cut down too many trees and badly polluted the environment. That is why 2) We have clear signs and strict rules. The trouble is 3) Tomorrow will be very busy. My suggestion is that A. light travels in straight lines. 4) Light travels faster than sound. And it’s known to all that 5) We can’t find her. Where she has gone 6) The Earth is our home. It’s lucky that B. is not known yet. C. we have more natural disasters. D. some people do not follow the rules. E. we get up early tomorrow morning. F. more and more people have come to realize the importance of environmental protection. C D E A B F 29 Read and complete. 阅读下面的句子，将括号内的词语重新排列补全对话。 1) A: When will Mr Brown arrive tomorrow? B: 　 　　　　　　　　 is still uncertain. (Mr Brown, whether, or not, coming, is) 2) A: Are you alright? You look tired. B: I’m fine. 　　　　　　　　 　　 is taking a rest. (need, what, I ) 3) A: What’s the problem now? B: 　　　　　　 　　　 we can hold our football match. (where, the problem, is) Whether Mr Brown is coming or not What I need The problem is where 30 Read and complete. 4) A: Where did you go last week? B: I drove to Tianjin last week. 　　　 　　 I had a few days off. (why, is, that) 5) A: What did you tell him? He seems very happy. B: 　　　　　　　　 　　 that I found him a good book. (told him, what, was, I) 6) A: They are working very hard, and we should learn from them. B: Yes, and 　　　　 　　　　 they overcome the difficulties. (is, how, this) That is why What I told him was this is how 阅读下面的句子，将括号内的词语重新排列补全对话。 31 Read and match. 将左右两栏相匹配，组成完整的句子，注意画线词的含义。 1) My flight is canceled, 2) Our Earth is badly polluted, 3) Air pollution is A. which is affecting our lives. B. so we see each other frequently. C. caused by harmful gases from heavy industry. D. so we should do something to prevent them. E. due to the traffic jam. 4) To promote the use of green energy, 5) Floods have caused great damage to our life, 6) He was late for class 7) We work in the same company, F. the government is trying to encourage people to buy new energy cars. G. so I have to take the train to Shanghai. G A C F D E B 影响 交通堵塞 鼓励某人做某事 新能源汽车 32 Read and complete. 用所给词的适当形式补全句子。 pollute cancel delay cause frequently due to promote prevent 1) The meeting has been 　 　　　　　 due to some reasons. 2) Plastic bags will 　　　　 our environment, so we should prevent people from using it. 3) Due to the wrong address, your order has been 　　 　　　　. 4) The air pollution is 　　　 by heavy industries and transportations. 5) How will you 　　　　　 the sales of the new products. 6) The doctor 　　　　　 　 his patient from going home yesterday. 7) I know him, but we don’t see each other 　 　　　　　. 8) He has worked in this company for ten years, it’s time for him to get 　　 _____________ . 9) The flight was delayed 　　　　 bad weather. 10) We’re not responsible for the damage 　　　 　　　 by delivery. canceled pollute canceled caused promote prevented frequently promotion due to caused 防止 订单 地址错误 新产品的销售 get promotion晋升，升职 是时候做某事了 Today, natural disasters strike more 1)　　　 　　 than before, and some of them are 2)　　　　 　 by human activities. For example, 3)　　　　　the rapid urban development, we have more sandstorms. Too many vehicles in large cities have 4)　　　 　　 the air. These disasters have badly influenced our daily life, for example, the flights are 5)　　 　　 because of the smog or sandstorm. In order to 6)　　　 　　 such disasters, people should protect the environment and realize the importance of sustainable development. It’s time for us to make a change and take actions such as 7)　 　 　　　 the use of electric cars and planting more trees to make a better life. Read and complete. 阅读并完成关于环境保护的短文。 frequently caused due to polluted canceled prevent promoting 34 06 Group Work 35 Make a poster about environmental protection. 你是环境保护协会的一名志愿者，现在你要和你的团队成员为宣传环境保护制作一张海报。 36 According to EM-DAT (Emergency Disaster Database), the total natural disasters reported each year has been greatly increasing in recent decades. These disasters include droughts, typhoons, and floods, which have been increasing over the past years. In 1980, there were only about 100 such disasters reported per year, but it has risen to over 300 a year since 2000. Scientists believe that some of these natural disasters are caused by human activities: for example, rapid urban development, cutting down too many trees, air pollution caused by harmful gases from heavy industries and vehicles. Our environment is badly polluted, and the increased number of natural disasters is a warning sign. (From Livescience) Read the news report about natural disasters. Work in groups. Read the following material and take notes. 小组活动，阅读有关自然灾害的材料，为海报制作收集信息。 37 Note 1: About natural disasters Work in groups. Read the following material and take notes. 小组活动，阅读有关自然灾害的材料，为海报制作收集信息。 The natural disasters include 　　　　　　 　　　　　have been increasing over the past years. Scientists believe that some of them are caused by 　　 　. For example, 　　　　　　　　 　, 　　 　　　　　　 , air pollution caused by 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　. droughts, typhoons, and floods human activities rapid urban development cutting down too many trees harmful gases from heavy industries and vehicles 38 Read the following chart about Earth protection. Work in groups. Read the following material and take notes. 小组活动，阅读有关自然灾害的材料，为海报制作收集信息。 39 Work in groups. Read the following material and take notes. 小组活动，阅读有关自然灾害的材料，为海报制作收集信息。 Note 2: Choose 5 actions that you can do in your daily life and give examples. Actions Examples 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Conserve water Shop wisely Conserve energy Volunteer Drive less Make good use of waste water. Bring a reusable shopping bag. Turn off the lights when you leave the room. Volunteer for cleanups in my school and my community. Take public transportation, such as bus, subway. 40 Work in groups. Make your poster with the following sample. 根据下列模板，小组完成海报的制作。 PROTECTING OUR ENVIRONMENT Natural disasters have been increasing over the past years, such as . Some of them are caused by . For example, . Protecting our earth starts with you! 5 actions you can do to save our earth: __________________ __________________ __________________ 41 Present and share in class. 展示制作好的海报并在班级分享。 42 $$