Unit 1 People of Achievement词性转换，核心单词，语法，短语，知识点复习题-2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）

Unit 1 People of Achievement 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1. distinct adj. 清晰的; 清楚的; 有区别的→distinction n. 差别 2. novel n. (长篇)小说→novelist n. 小说家 3. commit vt. 承诺; 保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj. 尽心尽力的; 坚定的; 坚信的 →commitment n. 承诺; 交托; 信奉 4. conclude v. 得出结论, 结束; 终止→conclusion n. 结论; 推论 5. apparent adj. 显而易见的; 显然的; 表面上的→ apparently adv. 显而易见; 看来; 显然 6. science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家→scientific adj. 科学(上)的; 关于科学的 7. academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院; 学会; 专科院校→ academic adj. 学业的; 学术的 8. object n. 物体; 对象; 客体→objective n. 目标; 目的　adj. 客观的 9. botany n. 植物学→botanical adj. 植物学的 10. politic n. 政治学→politician n. 从政者; 政治家; 政客 核心单词 1. vital　　　　 adj. 必不可少的; 极其重要的; 充满生机的 2. defeat n. 失败; 挫败vt. 击败; 战胜 3. evaluate vt. 评价; 评估 4. acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢 5. encounter vt. 偶然碰到; 遇到n. 邂逅; 遭遇 6. obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 赢得 vi. (规章、习俗等)存在; 流行 7. extraordinary adj. 不一般的; 非凡的; 意想不到的 8. commit vt. 承诺; 保证(某个人、机构等) vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等) 9. infer vt. 推断; 推定 10. circumstance 　n. 条件; 环境; 状况 一、语法填空 1．I reached forward and (gentle) moved my hand over the elephant’s neck. 【答案】gently 【详解】考查副词。句意：我向前伸出手，轻轻地把手移到大象的脖子上。空格处修饰动词moved，应用副词gently“轻轻地”，作状语。故填gently。 2．On (arrive) home, she set out to do her housework. 【答案】arriving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一到家，她就开始做家务。空处作介词on的宾语，用动名词形式，on doing sth.是一个固定搭配，表示“一……就……”。故填arriving。 3．Under no circumstances should we lose sight of our main (object). 【答案】objective 【详解】考查名词。句意：在任何情况下我们都不能忘记我们的主要目标。作宾语，表示“目标”用名词objective，故填objective。 4．The studies of (botany) pesticides have important theoretical and practical significances. 【答案】botanical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：植物源农药的研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。提示词修饰名词pesticides，用形容词botanical作定语，“植物学的，植物的”。故填botanical。 5．Nobody will take the (responsible) for the terrible mess in the company. 【答案】responsibility 【详解】考查名词。句意：没有人会为公司的混乱局面负责。根据空格前的动词take可知，空格处应该用名词responsibility作宾语，take responsibility for“对……负责”。故填responsibility。 6．Based on (science) research, the report is reliable and convincing. 【答案】scientific 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该报告基于科学研究，可靠可信。根据句意和空格后的名词research可知，空格处应该用形容词scientific作定语，修饰后面的名词research。故填scientific。 7．As long as I am (commit) and never give up, I’ll make great progress. 【答案】committed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：只要我坚持不懈，永不放弃，我就会取得很大的进步。空处作表语，commit的形容词形式committed符合题意，意为“坚定的”。故填committed。 8．She considers that it is too early to form a (conclude). 【答案】conclusion 【详解】考查名词。句意为：她认为现在下结论还为时过早。设空处需要用conclude的名词形式conclusion作宾语，意为“结论”。故填conclusion。 9．The (remarkable) talented violinist fascinated the audience with her flawless performance. 【答案】remarkably 【详解】考查副词。句意：这位极具天赋的小提琴家以她完美无瑕的演奏迷住了观众。这里用副词修饰形容词“talented”。“remarkable”，形容词，意为“非凡的”，其副词形式为“remarkably(不寻常地，惊人地)”。故填remarkably。 10．To my disappointment, I haven’t received any (acknowledge) or reply to my application. 【答案】acknowledgement 【详解】考查名词。句意：令我失望的是，我没有收到任何收件复函或回复我的申请。此处为名词作宾语，acknowledge的名词为acknowledgement意为“收件复函”符合句意。故填acknowledgement。 11．Don’t jump to (conclude) before considering all the facts，or you may be easily taken in. 【答案】conclusion 【详解】考查名词。句意：在考虑所有事实之前不要妄下结论，否则你很容易上当。本空用名词conclusion“结论”，作Don’t jump to的宾语，固定短语 jump to conclusions表示 “贸然断定”，故填conclusions。 12． (Apparent), we have to change all the labels on the books during the next week. 【答案】Apparently 【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，我们必须在下周内更换所有书籍上的标签。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词apparently“显然”，作状语，故填Apparently。 13．I (infer) from her tone that she was upset. 【答案】inferred 【详解】考查时态。句意：我从她的语气中推断出她心烦意乱。此处为谓语动词，由was可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式inferred。故填inferred。 14．One of the worst of smoking for a long time is that you may suffer from lung cancer. (consequent) 【答案】consequences 【详解】考查名词。句意：长期吸烟最严重的后果之一就是你可能会得肺癌。根据空前的One of the worst可知，本空用consequence“结果”的复数形式。故填consequences。 15．To prevent some diseases, we’d better drink (boil) water. 【答案】boiled 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：为了预防一些疾病，我们最好喝开水。此处用过去分词修饰名词water，作名词的定语，boiled是过去分词，表示动作已经完成，boiled water即“烧开的水”，注意正在沸腾的水（boiling water）不能喝，所以不能使用boiling。故填boiled。 16．They lived in a house (face) south. 【答案】facing 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：他们住在朝南的房子里。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语， a house与face为主动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用现在分词作定语。故填facing。 17．Hundreds of refugees (flee) across the border to seek shelter in other countries during World War II. 【答案】fled 【详解】考查动词。句意：第二次世界大战期间，数百名难民越过边境逃往其他国家避难。动词flee逃离，根据句中时间状语during World War II可知，用一般过去时。故填fled。 18．That is not love, and you know it. Why do you insist on (call) it love? 【答案】calling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那不是爱，你知道的。你为什么坚持称之为爱？作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填calling。 19．Hu Jinchu is internationally recognized as the (found) of the ecological and biological research giant pandas and is the first man to study giant pandas in China. 【答案】founder 【详解】考查名词。句意：胡锦矗被国际公认为生态和生物研究大熊猫的创始人，并且是中国第一个研究大熊猫的人。此处应填found的名词founder“创始人”，作as的宾语。故填founder。 20． is widely accepted, in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is not a polite way of greeting others in other cultures. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如人们普遍接受的那样，在中东，阿拉伯人用碰鼻子的方式互相问候，但在其他文化中，这并不是一种礼貌的问候方式。________ is widely accepted在句中为非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，指代整个句子in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses，且位于句首，应用as，首字母大写。故填As。 21．The school has created an atmosphere where we can develop our own interests freely, can help us develop ourselves all round. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Which 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：学校为我们创造了一个可以自由发展自己兴趣的氛围，这可以帮助我们全面发展自己。引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前边的整个句子，关系词在从句中主语，使用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 22．What is known to all is that the old scientist, Chinese people are proud of, is still devoted to advancing the medical development. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，这位中国人民引以为豪的老科学家仍然致力于推动医学发展。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the old scientist”，在从句中作宾语，指人，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。 23．The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, Watt perfected "the machine that changed the world". (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：故事始于18 世纪最后几年的苏格兰，在那里瓦特完善了“那台改变了世界的机器”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Scotland，空处在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。 24．（2024·上海嘉定区期末）To help with eye problems, Dr. Esparaz suggests (take) breaks and using relaxing eye drops. 【答案】taking 【详解】考查动名词。句意：为了帮助解决眼部问题，埃斯帕拉兹医生建议休息一下，使用放松眼药水。此处为动词短语suggest doing sth“建议做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填taking。 25．I haven’t yet made a clear (distinct) between British English and American English. 【答案】distinction 【详解】考查名词。句意：我还没有明确区分英式英语和美式英语。分析句子可知，此空应填可数名词单数作宾语，distinction表示“区分”，为可数名词，符合句意。故填distinction。 26．It’s vital that every piece of equipment (check) before the experiment. 【答案】should be checked/be checked 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：每件设备在实验前都要检查，这是至关重要的。此处为主语从句的虚拟语气，且主语和谓语构成被动关系，should可以省略。故填(should) be checked。 27．The project is reported (complete) by the end of 2025, which will be a popular tourist attraction of the city. 【答案】to be completed 【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态结构。句意：据报道，该项目将于2025年底完工，将成为该市的热门旅游景点。此处为动词短语be reported to do“被报道做某事”，结合句意可知，The project和complete为被动关系，所以此处为动词不定式的被动语态结构。故填to be completed。 28．While (wait) at the bus stop, she met the famous professor. 【答案】waiting 【详解】考查状语从句的省略、时态。句意：在公交车站等车的时候，她遇到了那位著名的教授。wait“等”。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句While引导的时间状语从句完整句子为While she was ___ (wait) at the bus stop，故用waiting与空前的was构成过去进行时。故填waiting。 29．Currently AI is used (most) in the tech industry, where it has produced many new products. 【答案】mostly 【详解】考查副词。句意：目前，人工智能主要用于科技行业，它已经生产了许多新产品。修饰动词use应用副词mostly，故填mostly。 30．If we have illegal immigrants(非法移民) (flow) in, a lot of local worker will lose their jobs. 【答案】flowing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果我们一直让非法移民涌入，很多当地工人将会失业。此处指“让非法移民不停地涌入”，have sb doing sth指“让某人不停地做某事”，故填flowing。 语法填空 Wang Yaping has become the first Chinese woman 31 (perform) a spacewalk. Wang’s dream of becoming an astronaut was inspired by Yang Liwei’s 2003 space flight. “Now China has its first man in space. When will our country have its first woman?” thought Wang, 32 (work) then as a pilot. Born in a small village in Yantai, Shandong Province in 1980, Wang has been 33 (active) participating in long-distance running since primary school. In 1997, Wang, a high school student, 34 (encourage) to apply to the pilot recruitment (招募) program by her classmates. Given her strong build and ability to stay calm under pressure, Wang passed all tests. In 2010, Wang became an astronaut. However, the joy of 35 (select) did not last long as the cruel training began. In the first year, Wang could not get the top level in the high-G training, during 36 she had to stand eight times the force of gravity. Wang improved her performance by doing extra 37 (strong) exercises every day. At last, Wang 38 (realize) her space dream in 2013 as part of the Shenzhou-10 mission. During her mission, Wang taught China’s first live physics lesson from space. In 2020, 39 team of Chinese university students majoring 40 aerospace, art, architecture and music translated cosmic (宇宙的) rays into music. They said they had watched Wang’s live space lecture when they were teenagers. During the next few months, Wang and her teammates will carry out scientific experiments and do spacewalks. Wang is confident that they will complete this mission successfully. 【答案】 31．to perform 32．working 33．actively 34．was encouraged 35．being selected 36．which 37．strength 38．realized 39．a 40．in 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国首位在太空漫步的女航天员王亚平的职业生涯。 31．考查动词不定式。句意：王亚平成为第一位进行太空漫步的中国女性。名词woman前有序数词first修饰，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“第一个在太空漫步的中国女性”，故填to perform。 32．考查现在分词。句意：王想着，当时她是个飞行员。该句中已有谓语动词，故此处用非谓语动词的一种形式。动词work与Wang之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填working。 33．考查副词。句意：王1980年出生于山东烟台的一个小村庄，从小学起就积极参加长跑运动。设空处修饰participating in，应用副词，actively意为“积极地”。故填actively。 34．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：1997年，身为高中生的王在同学们的鼓励下申请了飞行员招募项目。该句为简单句，缺少谓语。主语Wang和动词encourage之间是被动关系，且由时间状语“In 1997”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was，故填was encouraged。 35．考查动名词。句意：然而，被选中的喜悦并没有持续多久，因为当残酷的训练开始了。作介词of的宾语应用动名词，且此处指“被选中”，应用动名词的被动形式，故填being selected。 36．考查定语从句。句意：在第一年，王亚平在高G力训练中没有达到最高水平，在高G力训练期间她不得不承受八倍的重力。设空处无提示词且前面有介词during，由此可知“during 7 ”引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰的先行词the high-G training，指物，且设空处在从句中作during的宾语，所以应用which引导，故填which。 37．考查名词。句意：王通过每天做额外的力量练习来提高她的成绩。此处应填名词，作定语修饰exercises，strength exercises表示“力量训练”。故填strength。 38．考查动词的时态。句意：王终于在2013年实现了她的太空梦想，作为神舟十号任务的一部分。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语，由句中的时间状语“in 2013”可知应用一般过去时。故填realized。 39．考查不定冠词。句意：2020年，一个由中国航空航天、艺术、建筑和音乐专业的大学生组成的团队将宇宙射线转化为音乐。此处表示“一个由中国大学生组成的团队”，表示泛指，且team的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 40．考查介词。句意参考上题。major in...意为“主修……”，为固定搭配。故填in。 语法填空 Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be 41 (interest) in the memoir of Ralph W. Tyler, 42 is one of the most famous men in American education. Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and 43 (school) in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching 44 a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education. Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with 45 (honor) educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, 46 ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing. Tyler became well-known nationality in 1938, 47 he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the 48 (invite) of Robert Hutchins. Tyler was 49 first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent  spirit in their work. Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of 50 (education) organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives (目标) that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools. 【答案】 41．interested 42．who 43．schooled 44．as 45．honorable 46．whose 47．when 48．invitation 49．the 50．educational 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国教育界最著名的人物之一，拉尔夫·w·泰勒的人物传记故事。 41．考查动词短语。句意：任何关心学校和大学教什么以及学生如何学习的人都会对拉尔夫·w·泰勒的回忆录感兴趣，他是美国教育界最著名的人物之一。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语be interested in“对……感兴趣”，满足句意要求。故填interested。 42．考查定语从句。句意：任何关心学校和大学教什么以及学生如何学习的人都会对拉尔夫·w·泰勒的回忆录感兴趣，他是美国教育界最著名的人物之一。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Ralph W. Tyler在从句中作主语成分。故填who。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：拉尔夫·w·泰勒1902年出生于芝加哥，在内布拉斯加州长大并接受教育。19岁的大学毕业生拉尔夫·w·泰勒在南达科他州当科学教师时迷上了教学，并从医学专业转到了教育学专业。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，因动词school“教育，培养”和逻辑主语Ralph Tyler为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填schooled。 44．考查介词。句意：拉尔夫·w·泰勒1902年出生于芝加哥，在内布拉斯加州长大并接受教育。19岁的大学毕业生拉尔夫·w·泰勒在南达科他州当科学教师时迷上了教学，并从医学专业转到了教育学专业。根据句意可知，此处为介词as“作为”构成as a science teacher“作为一名科学教师”，满足句意要求。故填as。 45．考查形容词。句意：在芝加哥大学的研究生工作中，他与尊敬的教育家查尔斯·贾德和w·w·查特斯联系在一起，他们的教学和测试思想对他后来的工作产生了影响。由空后educators为名词可知，此处为形容词形式修饰该名词。故填honorable。 46．考查定语从句。句意：在芝加哥大学的研究生工作中，他与尊敬的教育家查尔斯·贾德和w·w·查特斯联系在一起，他们的教学和测试思想对他后来的工作产生了影响。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Charles Judd and W. W. Charters在从句中作定语成分。故填whose。 47．考查定语从句。句意：1938年，泰勒在罗伯特·哈钦斯的邀请下，从俄亥俄州立大学带着他的《八年研究》来到芝加哥大学，成为了著名的学者。分析句子可知，此处为关系副词when引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词in 1938在从句中作时间状语成分。故填when。 48．考查名词。句意：1938年，泰勒在罗伯特·哈钦斯的邀请下，从俄亥俄州立大学带着他的《八年研究》来到芝加哥大学，成为了著名的学者。由空前定冠词the以及空后of可知，此处为名词形式，和Robert Hutchins形成所属关系。故填invitation。 49．考查冠词。句意：泰勒是斯坦福大学行为科学高级研究中心的第一任主任，他担任了14年。由空后first可知，此处为定冠词the，构成the first特指“第一个……”，满足句意要求。故填the。 50．考查形容词。句意：他曾在美国和国外的许多教育机构任职。由空后organizations为名词可知，此处为形容词educational修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填educational。 二、单词拼写 51．Both sides (承诺；保证) themselves to settling the argument peacefully at last month’s meeting. 【答案】committed 【详解】考查动词。句意：在上个月的会议上，双方都承诺和平解决争端。空处作谓语，“承诺；保证”应用动词commit，短语commit oneself to doing意为“承诺/致力于做某事”，结合“at last month’s meeting”可知，时态应用一般过去时。故填committed。 52．The reason why we suffered a (失败) was that we hadn’t made full preparations. 【答案】defeat 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们遭受失败的原因是我们没有做好充分的准备。根据句子结构，suffer后需接一个名词作宾语，结合汉语提示，“失败”对应的名词是defeat，且该词在句中为可数名词，指的是一次具体的失败，由a可知应用名词单数。故填defeat。 53．He is more interested in the practical aspects of the subject than in the (学术的) theories. 【答案】academic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他对这门学科的实践方面比对学术理论更感兴趣。根据汉语提示“学术的”可知，应用形容词academic作定语修饰名词theories。故填academic。 54．Students are required to (评估) the effectiveness of different communication strategies in their group projects. 【答案】evaluate/assess 【详解】考查动词。句意：学生需要评估小组项目中不同沟通策略的有效性。根据汉语提示“评估”可知，应用动词原形evaluate或assess和to构成不定式，作主语补语。故填evaluate/assess。 55．It’s widely accepted that friendship is (建立) on mutual trust. 【答案】founded/established 【详解】考查动词。句意：人们普遍认为友谊建立在相互信任的基础上。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词found或establish，与主语friendship是被动关系，应用过去分词，与is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填founded或established。 56．As a (政客), he modelled himself on Churchill. 【答案】politician 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一名政治家，他以丘吉尔为榜样。根据汉语提示可知应用名词politician，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填politician。 57．The ambassador had a close (遭遇) the accident, which he would never forget. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】encounter 【详解】考查名词。句意：大使险些遭遇事故，这一经历他永远不会忘记。根据汉语提示“遭遇”可知，本空用名词encounter，作had的宾语。故填encounter。 58．He obtained the (财产) with a bank loan. 【答案】property 【详解】考查名词。句意：他用银行贷款获得了那笔财产。根据汉语提示可知，表示“财产”应用名词property，作宾语。故填property。 59．Actually many countries are undertaking it and have (获得) great breakthroughs. 【答案】obtained 【详解】考查动词。句意：实际上，许多国家都在进行，并取得了很大的突破。“获得”用动词obtain；have后接动词的过去分词形式，构成现在完成时。根据汉语提示及句意，故填obtained。 60．There’s absolutely no regulation of cigarettes to make sure that they don’t include poisonous (物质). 【答案】substances 【详解】考查名词。句意：香烟完全没有监管，以确保它们不包含有毒物质。根据空格前形容词poisonous可知，空格处应填入名词，结合汉语提示“物质”可知，应用名词substance“物质”，为可数名词，句中泛指多种有毒物质，应用复数形式。故填substances。 61．Water is a (液体) at room temperature and has a relatively high freezing point. 【答案】liquid 【详解】考查名词。句意：水在室温下是液体，冰点相对较高。根据汉语提示可知应用名词liquid，作表语，不定冠词a提示为单数。故填liquid。 62．But the custom in our country is different from overseas, we process food (主要地) by frying. 【答案】mostly 【详解】考查副词。句意：但我们国家的习俗与国外不同，我们大多用油炸的方式加工食品。根据汉语提示可知，应用副词mostly“主要地”，修饰后文介词短语。故填mostly。 63．As the (植物学的) analyses have shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. 【答案】botanical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：正如植物学的分析告诉我们的，这里周围所有的田地曾经是一个大型浅湖的一部分。根据汉语提示“植物学的”可知，此处应用形容词botanical作定语，修饰名词analyses。故填botanical。 64．The theory of (相对论) is concerned with two seemingly opposite ideas. 【答案】relativity 【详解】考查名词。句意：相对论涉及两个看似相反的思想。此处为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“相对论”应为名词relativity，且为不可数名词。故填relativity。 65．In addition to native plants, this garden contains (很多的)trees and flowers from overseas. 【答案】numerous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：除了本土植物外，这个花园还有许多来自海外的树木和花卉。设空处作定语修饰名词trees and flowers，表示“很多的”使用形容词numerous。故填numerous。 三、完成句子 66．正如我们所知道的那样，剪纸是一种传统的中国艺术。 , paper-cutting is a kind of traditional Chinese art. 【答案】 As we all know 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句中is可知，本句陈述事实，使用一般现在时，“正如我们所知道的那样”使用as引导的非限制性定语从句as we all know，as置于句首，首字母大写。故填As we all know。 67．对我们来说保持健康非常重要。 It is very important . 【答案】for us to keep healthy 【详解】考查固定句型和形容词。固定句型“it is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”可表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主语，“我们”用代词us，“保持健康”可用短语keep healthy。故填for us to keep healthy。 68．The two flowers are quite distinct from one another, so between them. 这两种花完全不同，所以很容易把它们区别开。 【答案】it is easy to make a distinction 【详解】考查固定句型以及非谓语动词。表示“很容易做某事”用it is/was easy to do sth.，其中it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，且根据are以及句意可知，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，be动词用is。表示“把它们（这两种花）区别开”用make a distinction between them，用不定式形式，作真正的主语。故填it is easy to make a distinction。 69．十年前，成千上万的人因那场大地震而失去了生命。 Ten years ago, thousands of people lost their lives the big earthquake. 【答案】as a consequence of/ in consequence of 【详解】考查介词短语。表示“因为，由于”短语为as a consequence of或in consequence of。故填as a consequence of/ in consequence of。 70．你能告诉我这位新领导什么时候上台的吗? Could you tell me ? 【答案】when the new leader came to/into power 【详解】考查宾语从句。表示“什么时候”应用when，引导宾语从句；表示“这位新领导”应用the new leader；表示“上台”应用come to/into power，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填when the new leader came to/into power。 71．这只狗如此温顺，以至于我们都不会感到害怕。 The dog is . 【答案】so gentle that we are not afraid of it 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“如此……以至于……”用固定句型so...that...，其中so后接形容词或副词，that引导结果状语从句。表示“温顺的”用形容词gentle。表示“我们”用we，在从句中主语；表示“害怕”用be afraid of，根据空前的is可知，本句描述现在的状态，时态用一般现在时，主语为we，be动词用are；表示“它”用it，指代空前的The dog。故填：so gentle that we are not afraid of it。 72．她要到澳门去度假，在那里她将游览几处名胜。 She is going to spend the holiday in Macao, . 【答案】where she will visit some places of interest 【详解】考查定语从句、动词和名词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“在那里她将游览几处名胜”，可用表示地点的关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词Macao作补充说明，先行词在从句中作地点状语，从句描述将来的情况，时态应用一般将来时，即谓语为will do的形式，主语“她”用代词she，谓语“游览”可用动词visit，宾语“几处名胜”可用名词短语some places of interest。故填where she will visit some places of interest。 73．The news shocked the public, . 这条新闻使广大群众感到很震惊，引起了人们对在校学生安全的担忧。 【答案】leading to great concern about students’ safety at school 【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词短语。中英文对比可知缺少“引起了人们对在校学生安全的担忧”；其中“引起了”用短语lead to；“人们对……的担忧”用great concern about...，名词短语作介词to的宾语；“在校学生安全”用students’ safety at school，作介词about的宾语；句子谓语动词是shocked，lead to与其逻辑主语The news之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语。故填leading to great concern about students’ safety at school。 74．以衣着来评判人是不对的。 It’s wrong . 【答案】to evaluate people by their clothes 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“以衣着来评判人”翻译为evaluate people by their clothes；It+be+adj+to do something是固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，所以空格处应该用不定式形式。故填to evaluate people by their clothes。 75．After spending time in Europe, he finally as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA．(position) 在欧洲度过一段时间后，他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院谋得研究员一职。 【答案】 took up a position 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。本句描述发生在过去的事情，时态要用一般过去时；本题考查固定短语take up a position，意为“担任职位”。故填①took；②up；③a；④position。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 People of Achievement 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1. distinct adj. 清晰的; 清楚的; 有区别的→______________ n. 差别 2. novel n. (长篇)小说→______________ n. 小说家 3. commit vt. 承诺; 保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→______________ adj. 尽心尽力的; 坚定的; 坚信的 →______________ n. 承诺; 交托; 信奉 4. conclude v. 得出结论, 结束; 终止→______________ n. 结论; 推论 5. apparent adj. 显而易见的; 显然的; 表面上的→ ______________ adv. 显而易见; 看来; 显然 6. science n. 科学→______________ n. 科学家→______________ adj. 科学(上)的; 关于科学的 7. academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院; 学会; 专科院校→ ______________ adj. 学业的; 学术的 8. object n. 物体; 对象; 客体→______________ n. 目标; 目的　adj. 客观的 9. botany n. 植物学→______________ adj. 植物学的 10. politic n. 政治学→______________ n. 从政者; 政治家; 政客 核心单词 1. ______________　　　　 adj. 必不可少的; 极其重要的; 充满生机的 2. ______________ n. 失败; 挫败vt. 击败; 战胜 3. ______________ vt. 评价; 评估 4. ______________ vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢 5. ______________ vt. 偶然碰到; 遇到n. 邂逅; 遭遇 6. ______________ vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 赢得 vi. (规章、习俗等)存在; 流行 7. ______________ adj. 不一般的; 非凡的; 意想不到的 8. ______________ vt. 承诺; 保证(某个人、机构等) vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等) 9. ______________ vt. 推断; 推定 10. ______________ 　n. 条件; 环境; 状况 一、语法填空 1．I reached forward and (gentle) moved my hand over the elephant’s neck. 2．On (arrive) home, she set out to do her housework. 3．Under no circumstances should we lose sight of our main (object). 4．The studies of (botany) pesticides have important theoretical and practical significances. 5．Nobody will take the (responsible) for the terrible mess in the company. 6．Based on (science) research, the report is reliable and convincing. 7．As long as I am (commit) and never give up, I’ll make great progress. 8．She considers that it is too early to form a (conclude). 9．The (remarkable) talented violinist fascinated the audience with her flawless performance. 10．To my disappointment, I haven’t received any (acknowledge) or reply to my application. 11．Don’t jump to (conclude) before considering all the facts，or you may be easily taken in. 12． (Apparent), we have to change all the labels on the books during the next week. 13．I (infer) from her tone that she was upset. 14．One of the worst of smoking for a long time is that you may suffer from lung cancer. (consequent) 15．To prevent some diseases, we’d better drink (boil) water. 16．They lived in a house (face) south. 17．Hundreds of refugees (flee) across the border to seek shelter in other countries during World War II. 18．That is not love, and you know it. Why do you insist on (call) it love? 19．Hu Jinchu is internationally recognized as the (found) of the ecological and biological research giant pandas and is the first man to study giant pandas in China. 20． is widely accepted, in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is not a polite way of greeting others in other cultures. (用适当的词填空) 21．The school has created an atmosphere where we can develop our own interests freely, can help us develop ourselves all round. (用适当的词填空) 22．What is known to all is that the old scientist, Chinese people are proud of, is still devoted to advancing the medical development. (用适当的词填空) 23．The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, Watt perfected "the machine that changed the world". (用适当的词填空) 24．（2024·上海嘉定区期末）To help with eye problems, Dr. Esparaz suggests (take) breaks and using relaxing eye drops. 25．I haven’t yet made a clear (distinct) between British English and American English. 26．It’s vital that every piece of equipment (check) before the experiment. 27．The project is reported (complete) by the end of 2025, which will be a popular tourist attraction of the city. 28．While (wait) at the bus stop, she met the famous professor. 29．Currently AI is used (most) in the tech industry, where it has produced many new products. 30．If we have illegal immigrants(非法移民) (flow) in, a lot of local worker will lose their jobs. 语法填空 Wang Yaping has become the first Chinese woman 31 (perform) a spacewalk. Wang’s dream of becoming an astronaut was inspired by Yang Liwei’s 2003 space flight. “Now China has its first man in space. When will our country have its first woman?” thought Wang, 32 (work) then as a pilot. Born in a small village in Yantai, Shandong Province in 1980, Wang has been 33 (active) participating in long-distance running since primary school. In 1997, Wang, a high school student, 34 (encourage) to apply to the pilot recruitment (招募) program by her classmates. Given her strong build and ability to stay calm under pressure, Wang passed all tests. In 2010, Wang became an astronaut. However, the joy of 35 (select) did not last long as the cruel training began. In the first year, Wang could not get the top level in the high-G training, during 36 she had to stand eight times the force of gravity. Wang improved her performance by doing extra 37 (strong) exercises every day. At last, Wang 38 (realize) her space dream in 2013 as part of the Shenzhou-10 mission. During her mission, Wang taught China’s first live physics lesson from space. In 2020, 39 team of Chinese university students majoring 40 aerospace, art, architecture and music translated cosmic (宇宙的) rays into music. They said they had watched Wang’s live space lecture when they were teenagers. During the next few months, Wang and her teammates will carry out scientific experiments and do spacewalks. Wang is confident that they will complete this mission successfully. 语法填空 Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be 41 (interest) in the memoir of Ralph W. Tyler, 42 is one of the most famous men in American education. Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and 43 (school) in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching 44 a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education. Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with 45 (honor) educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, 46 ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing. Tyler became well-known nationality in 1938, 47 he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the 48 (invite) of Robert Hutchins. Tyler was 49 first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent  spirit in their work. Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of 50 (education) organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives (目标) that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools. 二、单词拼写 51．Both sides (承诺；保证) themselves to settling the argument peacefully at last month’s meeting. 52．The reason why we suffered a (失败) was that we hadn’t made full preparations. 53．He is more interested in the practical aspects of the subject than in the (学术的) theories. 54．Students are required to (评估) the effectiveness of different communication strategies in their group projects. 55．It’s widely accepted that friendship is (建立) on mutual trust. 56．As a (政客), he modelled himself on Churchill. 57．The ambassador had a close (遭遇) the accident, which he would never forget. 58．He obtained the (财产) with a bank loan. 59．Actually many countries are undertaking it and have (获得) great breakthroughs. 60．There’s absolutely no regulation of cigarettes to make sure that they don’t include poisonous (物质). 61．Water is a (液体) at room temperature and has a relatively high freezing point. 62．But the custom in our country is different from overseas, we process food (主要地) by frying. 63．As the (植物学的) analyses have shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. 64．The theory of (相对论) is concerned with two seemingly opposite ideas. 65．In addition to native plants, this garden contains (很多的)trees and flowers from overseas. 三、完成句子 66．正如我们所知道的那样，剪纸是一种传统的中国艺术。 , paper-cutting is a kind of traditional Chinese art. 67．对我们来说保持健康非常重要。 It is very important . 68．The two flowers are quite distinct from one another, so between them. 这两种花完全不同，所以很容易把它们区别开。 69．十年前，成千上万的人因那场大地震而失去了生命。 Ten years ago, thousands of people lost their lives the big earthquake. 70．你能告诉我这位新领导什么时候上台的吗? Could you tell me ? 71．这只狗如此温顺，以至于我们都不会感到害怕。 The dog is . 72．她要到澳门去度假，在那里她将游览几处名胜。 She is going to spend the holiday in Macao, . 73．The news shocked the public, . 这条新闻使广大群众感到很震惊，引起了人们对在校学生安全的担忧。 74．以衣着来评判人是不对的。 It’s wrong . 75．After spending time in Europe, he finally as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA．(position) 在欧洲度过一段时间后，他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院谋得研究员一职。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$