Unit 1 Science and Scientists Learning about Language（课件）英语人教版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 Science and Scientists Learning about language 人教版2019选择性必修第二册 1. To practice the vocabulary. 2. To learn to use predicative clauses. 3. To make sentences using predicative clauses. 02 01 Discovering Useful Structures Build up your vocabulary content 3 Discovering Useful Structures Part1 What's your dream job? Why? Lead in I want to be a ... My dream job is ... My dream job is that I want to be a scientist. 表语从句 表语从句是复合句中的一种结构，它位于系动词之后，对主句的主语进行解释或说明，使主语的内容具体化，增强句子的信息量。 表语从句在句子中承担表语的功能，可以说明主语的性质、特征、状态等，使句子表达更加丰富和具体 Part 1: 表语从句 6 连系动词 状态类: be动词, seem, appear, keep, remain, stay… 变化类: become, get, turn, grow, fall, come, go … 感官类: look, smell, taste, sound, feel … Part 1: 表语从句 7 表语从句的引导词 连接词 连词 在从句中不作成分 that, whether, as if, as though, because … 连接代词 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语 what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever … 连接副词 在从句中作状语 when, where, how, why … Part 1: 表语从句 8 1. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. 2. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. 3. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 4. The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. 系动词 系动词 系动词 系动词 引导词 引导词 引导词 引导词 Part 1: 表语从句 9 5. The question is whether they will go by plane or by train. 6. It sounds as if / though someone is knocking at the door. 7. This is because the weather here is cold and wet. 8. That's why Tony got angry with me. 9. He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. 系动词 引导词 系动词 引导词 系动词 引导词 系动词 引导词 系动词 引导词 Part 1: 表语从句 10 1. that：无实际意义，仅起连接作用，在从句中不作成分，通常不可省略。 The truth is that he has never been there. 2. whether/if：表示“是否”，在从句中不作成分。一般情况下，whether 和 if 可以互换，但在某些特殊情况下，如在介词后、与 or not 连用等，只能用 whether。 The question is whether/if he will come. It all depends on whether you agree. 表语从句的连接词 Part 1: 表语从句 11 3. who/whom/whose/what：这些连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分。 My hometown is no longer what it used to be. The problem is who we can get to replace her. The problem is whose work is the best. The question is what caused the accident, the poor whether or the heavy traffic? 表语从句的连接词 Part 1: 表语从句 12 4. when/where/why/how：这些连接副词在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因或方式等。 Thanksgiving is when people celebrate the harvest. This is where we once lived. That's why I object to the plan. This is how we do it. 表语从句的连接词 Part 1: 表语从句 13 表语从句的语序 5. 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。 One advantage of playing the guitar is that it can give you a great deal of pleasure. The problem is what he is doing. Part 1: 表语从句 14 表语从句的虚拟语气 当主句的主语是表示建议、命令、要求等后面的表语，那么表语从句应该用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略。 My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. They demand that their wages (should) be increased. It is required that the crops (should) be harvested at once. Part 1: 表语从句 一坚持（insist) 二命令（order, command) 三建议（advise, suggest, propose) 四要求（ask, require, request, demand) 15 as if, that, what, who, when, how, why, whose, which, whether A. Absolutely. You may not believe it, but that was ________ happened at the initial stage of our group's research on developing a vaccine for malaria. B. Yes, it is. And it seemed _______ all the theories were useful, but the fact was _____ we couldn't persuade one another that one theory was better than another. what as if that Practice 16 C. Exactly. The problem was not about ________ all our theories were equally good, but in deciding _______ theory to depend upon. D. We realised that what we cared about was not _______ aspect we needed to develop a theory in, but rather ______ we can reduce the cost of a vaccine without reducing its effect! E. You're right. At last, we became focused on the key issue, which was ______ we had to carry out the research in the first place. whose which how as if, that, what, who, when, how, why, whose, which, whether why whether Practice 17 1. 引导词 that （2023 新高考 Ⅰ 卷）The fact is ______ (that/which) we need more time to prepare. The problem is ______ we can't find enough resources. 2. 引导词 why （2022 全国甲卷）That's ______ (why/because) he changed his plan suddenly. That's ______ I didn't attend the meeting yesterday. 3. 引导词 what （2021 新高考 Ⅱ 卷）What we need is ______ (what/that) practical advice. The question is ______ we should do next. Practice: 高考链接 4. 引导词 how （2020 全国 Ⅱ 卷）The challenge is ______ (how/when) we can improve our efficiency. The concern is ______ the new system will work. 5. 引导词 whether （2019 全国 Ⅰ 卷）The doubt is ______ (whether/if) they can finish the task on time. The discussion focuses on ______ we should accept the offer. 6. 易错辨析（that ） vs because （2023 浙江卷）The reason he was late is ______ (that/because) he missed the bus. The reason for his success is ______ he works hard. Practice: 高考链接 表语 从句 Summary 状态类：be/seem/appear/keep/remain/stay 变化类：become/get/turn/grow/fall/come/go 感官类：look/smell/taste/sound/feel 系动词 that：无实义，不可省略 ；whether：表"是否"（不与if互换） as if/though：表"好像"； because：表原因 连接代词 what/who/whom/whose/which 在从句中作主/宾/表/定语 连接副词 when/where/why/how 在从句中作状语 引导词 必须用陈述语序（主语+谓语） 主语表建议/命令/要求；结构should+动词原形（should省） 虚拟语气 语序 Build up your vocabulary Part 2 21 前缀与后缀 前缀如re-, dis-, trans-等，后缀如-ion, -ology等，用于改变词根意义，扩展词汇量。通过前缀和后缀的组合，可以形成新的词汇，如: micro-biology（微生物学）， disagree（不同意）， transformation（转变）等。 Part 2: 前缀与后缀的运用 22 Prefix Words Prefix Words re-   micro-   dis-   trans-   reunite, revise, recover, react, recall discover, disappear, dislike, disable microscope, microwave, microphone transform, transport, transplant Part 2: 前缀与后缀的运用 23 前缀 释义 单词 re- review return dis- disagree  micro- microscope trans- transport transnational again back not small change across, over, beyond Part 2: 前缀与后缀的运用 24 Suffix Words Suffix Words -ory   -ial   -ion   -ology   contradictory, advisory, compulsory infection, contribution, extinction, reaction, congratulation, collection substantial, official, financial, commercial epidemiology, physiology, biology Part 2: 前缀与后缀的运用 25 后缀 释义 单词 -ory sensory -ion collection -ial beneficial  -ology sociology of or relating to action or process having the characteristics of a branch of knowledge Part 2: 前缀与后缀的运用 26 1. 前缀 un-（表否定） （2023 全国甲卷）The results were unexpected, showing that... The new policy seems ______ (fair). What do you think? 2. 后缀 - ance（表抽象名词） （2022 新高考 Ⅰ 卷）We should give full ___________ (assist) to the local community. The doctor emphasized the ___________ (important) of regular exercise. 3. 前缀 dis-（表否定） （2021 全国乙卷）Some people may __________ (agree) with this view. His behavior at the party was completely _______________ (appropriate). unfair importance assistance inappropriate disagree Practice: 高考链接 4. 后缀 - ist（表职业或信仰） （2020 新课标 Ⅰ 卷）As a ____________ (science), she devoted her life to research. My dream is to become a famous ______ (art) one day. 5. 前缀 re-（表 “再、重新”） （2019 全国 Ⅲ 卷）The team decided to __________ (build) the bridge after the flood. We need to ________ (think) our approach to solving the problem. artist scientist rethink rebuild Practice: 高考链接 Make phrases by combining the words in the left box with those on the right. Then complete the sentences using these phrases. 1. Many scientists _____________ the view that it is human activity that has caused global warming. 2. He was to ___________ the accident because he drove on the wrong side of the road. subscribe suspect blame link to of for subscribe to blame for 课本练习 29 3. The man _____________ being behind the robbery was seen crossing the street. 4. Since heart disease is often ___________ our lifestyle choices, we need to make healthy living an important part of our lives. suspected of linked to subscribe suspect blame link to of for 课本练习 30 It is not unusual for an athlete to be well known while he is active, and quickly forgotten when his athletic career is over. 2. I'm sure she'll deal with the changes very well because she's very adaptable. Replace the underlined parts with suitable words from the box. a household name handle raw, a household name, substantial, statistics, handle 课本练习 31 3. He was ready to serve dinner to his friends when he realised that he had forgotten to turn on the oven and the meat was not cooked yet. 4. He used his great influence to change the thinking of the scientific community on this issue. 5. Scientists have collected more data than expected to prove the theory. raw substantial statistics raw, a household name, substantial, statistics, handle 课本练习 32 UK scientists believe they may have found a way to fight the common cold. It blocks a key protein in the body's cells that is to _______ for the spread of cold-causing virus. Read this passage about medical science. Complete it using the words below. blame infection, multiple, decrease, severe, transform, proof, blame, substantial 课本练习 33 Targeting the host rather than the _________ was a bit non-traditional but made sense because it was tricky to target the virus. Cold-causing virus are not only of _________ kinds, they also ___________ rapidly, meaning they can quickly develop resistance to medicine. Researchers are working on making a form infection multiple transform infection, multiple, decrease, severe, transform, proof, blame, substantial 课本练习 34 of medicine that can be taken directly into one's lungs, to _________ the chance of side effects. Though these scientists have made __________ advances in their research, further _______ is needed to make sure such drugs are not so _________ that they harm the body. decrease substantial proof severe infection, multiple, decrease, severe, transform, proof, blame, substantial 课本练习 35 Assessment Learning Objectives Score(1-5) 1.After learning, I am able to accurately define what a predicative clause is and identify its position and role in a sentence. 2.After learning, I am able to master the usage of different 引导词 (conjunctions, relative pronouns, relative adverbs) in predicative clauses, such as correctly using that, whether, what, why, etc. 3.After learning, I am able to distinguish the differences between predicative clauses and other similar clause structures (e.g., appositive clauses), and use them properly in writing and speaking. 5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2不太能；1-完全不能 Homework 1. Basic Task Finish the exercise on the handout. 2. Advanced Task ( 80 words) 以“My Understanding of Science”为题， 用至少 3 个表语从句写一段议论文。 37 参考答案： Science is more than experiments and theories. The value of science is that it solves practical problems, from curing diseases to protecting the environment. The challenge for scientists is how they balance innovation and ethics, ensuring discoveries benefit humanity. My belief is that everyone can contribute to scientific progress, for curiosity and critical thinking are the keys to unlocking its mysteries. $$