精品解析：江苏省南京市中华中学2024-2025学年高二下学期英语期末试卷

江苏省南京市中华中学2024-2025学年高二英语第二学期期末试卷 全卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 2025.06 第一部分 听力理解(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is Megan doing? A. Doing her homework. B. Changing her clothes. C. Preparing for a trip. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When does Tom’s meeting start? A. At 7:30. B. At 8:00. C. At 10:00. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What has caused the power failure? A. A heavy storm. B. High powered devices. C. The unpaid bill. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman think of James’s speech? A. It is moving. B. It is inspiring. C. It is humorous. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers? A. At a science fair. B. In a geography class. C. At a birthday party. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is the man doing? A. Driving a car. B. Repairing a car. C. Borrowing a car. 7. How does the man sound in the end? A. Confused. B. Hesitant. C. Confident. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What job did Albert plan to apply for at first? A. A system operator. B. A product trainer. C. A technician. 9. How much will a system operator receive per hour on Sunday? A. 40 dollars. B. 60 dollars. C. 80 dollars. 10. Which working period might Albert choose? A. From 10 a.m. to 12 p.m., weekdays. B. From 4 p.m. to 6 p.m., weekdays. C. From 10 a.m. to 12 p.m., weekends. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What does the man think of Uber Eats? A. Convenient. B. Entertaining. C. Complex. 12. What does Uber Eats provide? A. Healthy eating tips. B. Free delivery service. C. Tailored recommendations. 13. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Order less food. B. Delete the app. C. Take some exercise. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What did the woman study at university? A. Engineering. B. Design. C. Painting. 15 What would the artist like his work to inspire in the viewers? A. Their talent in art. B. Their appreciation for life. C. Their unique understanding. 16. What is the pleasant surprise to the man? A. The price of the artworks. B. The piece of art the woman owns. C. The friendship the woman enjoys. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is Bradley? A. A film director. B. A costume designer. C. A director’s assistant. 18 What is Bradley doing now? A. Teaching skills to improve acting. B. Giving instructions before filming. C. Making rules for background actors. 19. How should actors handle talking in the scene? A. Speak out normally. B. Mouth words silently. C. Whisper to each other. 20. What uniform will David be wearing? A. A waiter uniform. B. A police uniform. C. A school uniform. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、D、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Guided Desert Adventure Typical desert activities like sandboarding, dune bashing and quad biking With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities in the desert. You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next, you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert. What’s included Pickup and drop-off 20 minutes of sandboarding 35 minutes of dune bashing 25 minutes of quad biking 10-minute camel ride Water and soft drinks A drive through a camel farm Additional information Requires a high level of physical fitness. Not suitable for children between 0 and 5. Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult. Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US$ 45/person only. 21. What kind of experiences can participants expect from this trip? A. Taking a sand bathing on the top of a sand dune. B. Exploring the expansive desert freely on a camel ride. C. An exciting day adventure filled with diverse activities. D. Capturing the breathtaking desert landscape with a camera. 22. How much does a group of four university students need to pay for taking the 14:00 tour? A. US$ 180. B. US$ 220. C. US$ 265. D. US$ 400. 23. Which of the following is most likely to be a review from a former participant of the tour? A. The show was great! I highly recommend! B. It was a lot of fun and I enjoyed every minute of it. C. The place is cool, easy to find and get to with metro. D. Arrive early for tickets to avoid a long queue. B During my early years, I focused on eye-catching landscape photography. I spent time in the Himalayas, Patagonia and Tasmania and returned with pictures of breathtaking beauty which I thought were “awesome”. But a one-month camping trip to the Menindee lakes along Darling-Baaka in Australia shifted my perspective; Photography is more than taking photos. As I became increasingly familiar with the place, I learned that human activities led to widespread deforestation and drought in the area, resulting in many dead trees. Driving across the region, I recalled that Sydney was blanketed by smoke for months on end as bushfires swept through the east coast. Fortunately, the La Niña weather cycle reached Australia, increasing rainfall and causing the continent’s short-lived rivers to spring back to life. Yet, the image of bushfires stayed with me, and I felt driven to do something. That was when the photo Blaze came into being. I spoke to the local authority, explaining that I hoped to create a “burning” tree as a beacon (灯塔) to draw people’s attention to deforestation. They showed great interest because fire is an integral part of the Australian farming and the natives. I connected a few of the gas canisters (罐) generally used for barbecues to flexible gas lines called “slinkies”, which could be wired up the back of the tree, away from the tree and out of sight of the public. These produced an outline of flames when I lit them, as if the tree were on fire. It was lit for 15 seconds while I got the shot, and fire-fighting equipment was prepared. Even though the tree was dead, it was still a vital habitat. But the gas flames did no damage and the insects that lived inside were unharmed. I love that when people look at the photo, they can concretize the delicacy of our natural world while appreciating Blaze. 24. What is the author’s new perception of photography? A. It involves professional skills. B. It should carry deep meanings. C. It requires high-end equipment. D. It should produce beautiful pictures. 25. What inspired the author to create Blaze? A. Local environmental changes. B. Traditional Australian farming. C. Scenery of the Menindee lakes. D. Support from the local authority. 26. Which of the following images best illustrates the photo Blaze? A. B. C. D. 27. What is the photo Blaze intended to be? A. A means of enhancing artistic taste. B. A strategy to beautify the landscape. C. A call to raise public awareness. D. A window to showcase local culture. C Planetary geoarchaeology (地质考古学), the study of how cultural and natural processes on Earth’s moon, on Mars, and throughout the solar system may be changing, preserving, or erasing the material record of space exploration, has been proposed by two researchers from the Kansas Geological Survey at the University of Kansas and their colleagues as a new scientific subfield. “Until recently, we might consider the material left behind during the space race of the mid-20th century as relatively safe, "said Justin Holcomb, researcher at the Kansas Geological Survey. “However, the material record that currently exists on the moon is rapidly becoming at risk of being destroyed if proper attention isn’t paid during the new space era.” Applying geoarchaeological tools and methods to the movement of people into space and the solar system is a natural extension of the study of human migration on Earth, the focus of the ODYSSEY Archaeological Research Program directed by Holcomb’s co-author, Rolfe Mandel. How planetary geoarchaeologists will determine whether an item is worth preserving is an open question. “We feel that all material currently existing on extraterrestrial (地球外的) surfaces is space heritage and worthy of protection, ”Holcomb said. “However, some sites, such as the very first footprints on the moon represent the material footprint of a long history of migration. ”Beyond those“firsts”, making decisions on a case-by-case basis will be necessary to sort through the tens of thousands of pieces of debris (残骸) now in orbit or dropped across the surfaces of the moon and Mars, which many people refer to as “trash” but Holcomb and his colleagues see as heritage. Holcomb thinks geoarchaeologists ought to be a part of upcoming NASA missions to ensure the security and preservation of space history. As for being part of a space mission himself? “I’ll leave that to other geoarchaeologists,” Holcomb said. “There’s plenty to do down here, but I do hope to see an archaeologist in space before it’s all over.” 28. Why has planetary geoarchaeology been proposed? A. To protect space heritage. B. To study the solar system. C. To resist space exploration. D. To found a scientific field. 29. What do we know about the material record of space? A. It threatens the movement of people into space. B. It is the main focus of the ODYSSEY Program. C. It shows the whole process of human migration. D. It is not as safe as expected in the new space era. 30. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The methods of classifying space trash. B. The first footprints on the moon and Mars. C. The question of planetary geoarchaeologists. D. The discussion on identifying space heritage. 31. What does Holcomb suggest other geoarchaeologists do? A. Learn from scientists like him. B. Lead upcoming NASA missions. C. Participate in space exploration. D. Ensure the security of astronauts. D Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(懈怠的), you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(愤慨), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 32. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ___________. A. making a conclusion B. justifying an assumption C. explaining a phenomenon D. making a comparison 33. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, Paragraph 1) implies that __________. A. monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals B. feeling angry about unfairness is also monkeys’ nature C. monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other D. no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions 34. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. De Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys _________. A. prefer grapes to cucumbers B. can be taught to exchange things C. will not be co-operation if feeling cheated D. are unhappy when separated from others 35. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions. B. Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source. C. Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do. D. Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 After my family got comfortably settled in Hotel Ramada in Bangkok, we started exploring the city. After endless hours of shopping, it was finally time to go back. This was when the trouble started. We forgot there are two Ramada hotels in the opposite directions. Absolutely unaware of this, we started searching for the way back. Google maps suggested us the shortest route, which was just 20 minutes away by walk. ___36___ Bangkok felt different after sunset. Walking along the heavily-crowded roads with the dark-red sky felt beautiful. Lost in our talk, we didn’t realize that we passed onto the quieter part of the town. ___37___ It was closed for redecoration. Unluckily, nobody around us then spoke English. Worse still, we stepped in a local tuktuk (三轮车), which took us to an unknown area for an enormous pay. We had no clue where we were, our mobile phones nearly out of power. ___38___ He was a taxi driver. Recounting the day’s events proved to be a great conversation starter. We ended up talking through the way. He was so kind as to offer to drive us around for the rest of our stay. ___39___ For the next four days, from floating markets to the temples of Wat Pho, our trip wouldn’t have been so trouble-free without him. Sometimes when things don’t go according to plan, I think about the stranger we met on the streets and how a tiny mistake on our part led to unexpected results. ___40___ A. That was when our hero arrived. B. Our thankfulness was beyond description. C. We reached a completely different Hotel Ramada. D. We set off into the city with little research on transport. E. We decided not to waste our money but our time instead. F. He then reminded us that our hotel was just a few blocks away. G. The trip rings as a reminder that every cloud has a silver lining. 第三部分：语言应用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last spring, Clara and I teamed up for a school geology project studying unusual rock formations on Pine Hill. ____41____ with notebooks and basic tools, we set off eagerly, ____42____ that this adventure would teach us more than just about rocks. The first two days went smoothly. We drew stone patterns and recorded colour variations. Clara’s artistic abilities ____43____ well with my systematic data collection skills. However, on Wednesday morning, ____44____ struck. While climbing to our usual observation spot, I tripped, sending our measurement ____45____ rolling down the hillside. My heart sank as we watched our only compass (指南针) disappear into thick bushes. “Without those tools...” I said, frustration choking my voice. “Wait,” Clara interrupted, ____46____ the afternoon shadows stretching across the rocks. “Remember what Mr. Evans taught about using natural markers?” Her eyes lit up with a(n) ____47____. We spent the afternoon ____48____ Clara tracked shadow lengths while I compared rock layers. When shadows proved ____49____, we used fern (蕨类植物) growth patterns as directional guides. Sometimes we argued about methods, but ____50____ our approaches came together like building blocks. By Friday, we’d created a(n) ____51____ mapping system using nature’s clues. Our final presentation surprised everyone. The teachers ____52____ our creative method, but the real reward was discovering how different ideas combined to create ____53____. That evening, Clara showed me her project journal. Beside rock sketches, she’d written: “Stones survive storms through ____54____. So do good teams.” I smiled, realizing our rocky challenge had taught us a valuable lesson: the strongest ____55____ doesn’t lie in mountains, but in teamwork. 41. A. Armed B. Burdened C. Linked D. Rewarded 42. A. proud B. doubtful C. unaware D. worried 43. A. developed B. balanced C. replaced D. competed 44. A. conflict B. disaster C. chance D. inspiration 45. A. ropes B. books C. notes D. tools 46. A. pointing at B. marking down C. running after D. blocking out 47. A. idea B. surprise C. secret D. promise 48. A. reflecting B. experimenting C. planning D. wandering 49. A. helpful B. dangerous C. unreliable D. interesting 50. A. suddenly B. occasionally C. frequently D. gradually 51. A. interactive B. imaginary C. alternative D. advanced 52. A. tested B. improved C. selected D. praised 53. A. connections B. stories C. solutions D. presentations 54. A. luck B. unity C. silence D. speed 55. A. foundation B. argument C. desire D. system 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On December 4th, 2024, a truly thrilling milestone ___56___ (reach) as China’s Spring Festival was inscribed (收录) on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, marking a ___57___ (note) achievement. This achievement, with an impressive 44 listings that outnumber those of any other nation, not just highlights China’s exceptional contributions, ___58___ solidifies its standing as a leading cultural force on the global stage. ___59___ (root) in the lunar calendar and closely tied to agricultural cycles, the Spring Festival, also known ___60___ Chinese New Year, is a combination of China’s traditions, customs, arts, and culinary delights. More than ___61___ joyous celebration, it embodies the timeless core values of harmony, family unity, and respect for ancestors. These deeply-held ___62___ (belief) influence the daily lives of the Chinese people, making the Spring Festival a powerful symbol of its cultural identity. UNESCO’s recognition is a testament to the festival’s lasting importance, ensuring its preservation for future generations. It applauds China’s unwavering commitment to safeguarding its intangible heritage and highlights the nation’s resolve ____63____ (preserve) its unique cultural appeal. Moreover, this honor fosters global unity in safeguarding our ___64___ (planet) diverse cultural treasures, guaranteeing that China’s vibrant traditions will keep inspiring people across the globe. ____65____ (additional), it celebrates the incredible diversity of cultures, which contributes to the richness and vitality of our world. 第四部分 词汇运用 (共两节，满分15分) 第一节: (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 单词拼写(根据首字母或中文)每空填一词 66. The 2025 Jiangsu Football City League has sparked heated discussions among netizens, especially for its amusing wordplay and the event has added new v______________ into the development of cities in Jiangsu. (根据首字母单词拼写) 67. Due to the long passage of time, the ink on the letter paper has faded so much that some characters are almost i______________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 68. The organization s______________ more than 300 homeless animals until they could be placed in new homes last year. (根据首字母单词拼写) 69. Some mistakes are p______________ like paint, but forgiveness can be an eraser. (根据首字母单词拼写) 70. With the increasing f________ of extreme weather events, scientists are urging immediate actions on slowing down global warming. (根据首字母单词拼写) 71. Regular ______________ (维护，保养) of school computers ensures they run smoothly for daily classes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 72. When I realized I had left my homework on the kitchen table, I ______________(惊恐，恐慌) so much that I dashed into the kitchen, only to find my dog chewing on it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 73. The company is planning a(n) ______________ (扩张) into new markets to increase its market share. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 74. The ______________(离开，退出) of a traditional craftsman from the industry may lead to a loss in the transmission of cultural heritage knowledge. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 75. My English teacher is the most ______________ (有影响力的) mentor I’ve ever met in choosing my career path. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第二节：(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)单句语法填空 76. Every possible means ____________ (try) to save the endangered species so far. (所给词的适当形式填空) 77. The journey to the very deepest point on the earth makes us realize how much of the world still remains________ (explore). (所给词的适当形式填空) 78. ______________ (occupy) myself with the demanding task of proparing my speech, I find it impossible to spare time for any other activities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 79. The ongoing debate over ______________ the restored Ming City Wall in Nanjing should allow night tours reflect citizens’ demands for both heritage preservation and cultural consumption. (用适当的词填空) 80. Despite fierce competition in the final lap, the cyclist secured victory ______________ a merely 0.3 seconds, demonstrating exceptional endurance under pressure. (用适当词填空) 第五部分：写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 81. 假定你是李华，你校正在为英语文学阅读室设计标识，现向学生征集意见，请你给负责此项工作的外教Mr. Green写邮件，从以下三个标识中选择你最喜欢的一个，并说明理由。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 3.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Dear Mr.Green, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 82. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’d always been told to take care of my older brother, Brian, who was born weak and small. I’d often tie his shoes or prepare another glass of water for him. My mom saw my larger size and strong body as a sign that I was to be a kind of guardian angel (守护天使) for Brian. However, that was not the case. One day our school sponsored a pumpkin-carving contest. First prize was $100, and I knew just how I would spend it. There was a brand-new game I was dying to own. So I decided the first place bonus definitely had to land in my pocket. When I had to carve the perfect pumpkin I’d picked out, it dawned on me that with my big clumsy fingers I’d surely screw it up (搞砸). I thought of Brian’s smaller, delicate hands and knew he was the man for the job. I immediately begged Brian. Unexpectedly, he asked for a cut. That was fifty-fifty. Quickly doing the math in my head, I figured out even if I split (分摊) the first prize, I’d still have enough cash for the game. So I gave in to Brian’s demands. With skillful hands Brian carved the perfect face, and now we had the best pumpkin ever. Then the unexpected happened: We came in second. Unfortunately, second prize was only $50, and I needed every penny of that to buy the game. The day of the awards ceremony, the principal handed over the money to me because Brian was home, sick with cold. If he really wanted to win, he would have been here today, I thought to myself, justifying stealing the cash from under poor Brian’s runny nose. With hardly a thought, I ran to the store and bought my dream game. That night when Brian asked if we had won, I denied, afraid to look into his eyes. The whole thing was never mentioned again until the day when Brian was packing for college. I played my usual role in helping him pack when I came across an old album filled with photos he had taken as the school photographer. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I was enjoying the photos when one caught my eye. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “You actually knew and didn’t say anything?" I was shocked. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。Megan, what are you up to? You've already finished your homework. right? Yeah, i'm making a list of items for the school trip. Mister Miller suggested we packed some warm layers like coats, since the weather is unpredictable. Get up. Tom is seven thirty, and I remember you have an important meeting today, right? Oh, I just have half an hour left. I can't believe i've slept for ten hours. The power is out. Did you use any high power devices? No, maybe the storm cut off the electricity. Wait, the notice said our electricity bill was due yesterday and we missed IT. That was quite an emotional speech professor Smith gave IT his retirement party. Yeah, there wasn't a dry eye in the house. I was even choked up. Look over there. A mini volcano is erupting. It's like a tiny science party. Yeah, the kid is so excited explaining how he uses backing soda and vinegar to make this experiment. It's amazing how simple things can make science so fun at this fair. 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。I can't believe my car died. Thanks for giving me a hand. Anytime you . look like, you know what you're doing. My dad, a mechanic, so he taught me a few tricks of the trade. Do you think it'll make much longer? Just another . couple of minutes and you'll be able to hit the road. I can't believe my car died. Thanks for giving me a hand. Anytime you . look like, you know what you're doing. My dad's a mechanic, so he taught me a few tricks of the trade. Do you think it'll make much longer? Just another couple of minutes and you'll be able to hit the road. 听下面一段对话，回答第八至第13个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Hi, nice to meet you. Hi, i'm Albert. I read on the poster that you're looking for a student to work as a language assistant. I'm sorry, but the position has been filled. Are you interested in the Operation of the electronic system? yes. Could you tell me more about the work? sure. IT asks you to work with some simple electronic products, and there will be training in that. Are you familiar with electronic devices? I used to take relevant courses when in college good. And there are three periods of time available from ten im to twelve PM weekdays, from four PM to six PM weekdays and from ten am to twelve PM weekends. The pay is sixty dollars a day on weekdays and eighty dollars on weekends. I'm usually available after three PM from monday to friday. Then how should I apply for the job? Please fill out this form, will contact you tomorrow. Hi, nice to meet you. Hi, i'm Albert. I read on the poster that you're looking for a student to work as a language assistant. I'm sorry, but the position has been filled. Are you interested in the Operation of the electronic system? yes. Could you tell me more about the work? sure. IT asks you to work with some simple electronic products, and there will be training in that. Are you familiar with electronic devices? I used to take relevant courses when in college good. And there are three periods of time available from ten im to twelve PM weekdays, from four PM to six PM weekdays and from ten am to twelve PM weekends. A pay is sixty dollars a day on weekdays and eighty dollars on weekends. I'm usually available after three PM from monday to friday. Then how should I apply for the job? Please fill out this form, will contact you tomorrow. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Hey, have you tried uber eat yet? It's been a game changer for me. I've been using IT to once I tap the screen, IT will show great office immediately, and I can track my order in real time. exactly. I order from tons of different restaurants light on my phone, but the APP keeps recommending all these guilty pleasures like fried chicken. you know, the platform Taylors recommendations based on your preferences. If you're into meta dishes, that's what it'll push. That's my struggle. I want to enjoy food, but I just can't say no to those calorie bombs. Now i'm gaining weight. I totally get IT. Have you thought about balancing IT out with some exercise like hitting the gym or walking to the restaurant to pick up your order? That's reasonable. Hey, have you tried uber eats yet? It's been a game change for me. I've been using IT to once I tap the screen, IT will show great office immediately, and I can track my order in real time. exactly. I order from tons of different restaurants like my phone, but the APP keeps recommending all these guilty pleasures like fried chicken. you know, the platform Taylors recommendations based on your preferences. If you're into meta dishes, that's what I will push. That's my struggle. I want to enjoy food, but I just can't say no to those calory bombs. Now i'm gaining. Wait. I totally get IT. Have you thought about balancing IT out with some exercise like hitting the gym or walking to the restaurant to pick up your order? That's reasonable. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。How do you know this artist? We actually went to university together. I thought you studied engineering. We both did. But then he changed major in his second year. He still uses engineering knowledge to create . his artworks. Yes, his use of different metals is interesting. I met him last week for dinner. He tells me that the different types of metal represent different aspects of life. Did he tell you what they mean? No, he said he likes people to form their own opinions and take their own meaning from . his work that admirable. Does he use real gold? No, he uses paint to create some of the more expensive metals. Otherwise IT would be very expensive to make. Esta is now very valuable. He sold a peace last week for one hundred thousand dollars. That is incredible. I thought we might be able to pick up one of his works for our home. Unlikely, but don't worry, I already have one. You do. You never told me that? Yes, I bought his graduate piece to support his career. IT must be worth a fortune. IT is. But i'll never said IT. His friendship means more to me. How do you know this artist? We actually went to university together. I thought you studied engineering. We both did. But then he changed major in his second year. He still uses engineering knowledge to create . his artworks. Yes, his use of different metals is interesting. I met him last week for dinner. He tells me that the different types of metal represent different aspects of life. Did he tell you what they mean? No, he said he likes people to form their own opinions and take their own meaning from his work. That adorable. Does he use real gold? No, he uses paint to create some of the more expensive metals. Otherwise IT would be very expensive to make. Esta is now very valuable. He sold a peace last week for one hundred thousand dollars. That is incredible. I thought we might be able to pick up one of his works for our home. Unlikely, but don't worry, I already have one. You do. You never told me that? Yes, I bought his graduate piece to support his career. IT must be worth a fortune. IT is. But i'll never said IT. His friendship means more to me. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第24个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。Good morning. I am broadly persistent to the director, James. He is very busy at the moment preparing for the next scene. So if you have any questions come to me rather than him, trust me. I'm much more approach able, I believe, for many of you. This is the first time. So i'm going to give you a couple of tips and then explain what today's plan is for background actors. You want to make IT look like you are talking and having a nice time, so smile. But when you talk, you just have to move your lips. The microphones on set are very sensitive, so don't actually speak just mouth. The words for this scene, several of you will be sitting at tables as if you were in a restaurant. A few more of you will be standing by the bar. We also need three actors to look like waiters. So you three, jack, look. And David, can you go to the costume department to get fitted for way to uniforms? The rest of you lets go to the makeup truck and get you all pretty. Good morning. I am broadly persistent to the director, James. He is very busy at the moment preparing for the next scene. So if you have any questions come to me rather than him, trust me. I'm much more approach able, I believe, for many of you. This is the first time. So i'm going to give you a couple of tips and then explain what today's plan is for background actors. You want to make IT look like you are talking and having a nice time, so smile. But when you talk, you just have to move your lips. The microphones on set are very sensitive, so don't actually speak just mouth. The words for this scene, several of you will be sitting at tables as if you were in a restaurant. A few more of you will be standing by the bar. We also need three actors to look like waiters. So you three, jack, look, and David, can you go to the costume department to get fitted for waiter uniforms? The rest of you lets go to the makeup truck and get you all pretty. 第二节到此结束，现在你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。听力部分到此结束。 江苏省南京市中华中学2024-2025学年高二英语第二学期期末试卷 全卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 2025.06 第一部分 听力理解(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is Megan doing? A. Doing her homework. B. Changing her clothes. C. Preparing for a trip. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Megan, what are you up to? You’ve already finished your homework, right? W: Yeah, I’m making a list of items for the school trip. Mr. Miller suggested we pack some warm layers like coats, since the weather is unpredictable. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When does Tom’s meeting start? A. At 7:30. B. At 8:00. C. At 10:00. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Get up, Tom. It’s 7:30, and I remember you have an important meeting today, right? M: Oh! I just have half an hour left. I can’t believe I’ve slept for 10 hours. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What has caused the power failure? A. A heavy storm. B. High powered devices. C. The unpaid bill. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: The power is out. Did you use any high-powered devices? M: No, maybe the storm cut off the electricity. W: Wait the notice said our electricity bill was due yesterday and we missed it. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman think of James’s speech? A. It is moving. B. It is inspiring. C. It is humorous. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: That was quite an emotional speech Professor Smith gave at his retirement party. W: Yeah, there wasn’t a dry eye in the house. I was even choked up. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers? A. At a science fair. B. In a geography class. C. At a birthday party. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Look over there, a mini volcano is erupting. It’s like a tiny Science Party. M: Yeah, the kid is so excited explaining how he uses baking soda and vinegar to make this experiment. W: It’s amazing how simple things can make science so fun at this fair. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is the man doing? A. Driving a car. B. Repairing a car. C. Borrowing a car. 7. How does the man sound in the end? A. Confused. B. Hesitant. C. Confident. 【答案】6. B 7. C 【解析】 【原文】W: I can’t believe my car died! Thanks for giving me a hand. M: Anytime. W: You look like you know what you’re doing. M: My dad’s a mechanic, so he taught me a few tricks of the trade. W: Do you think it’ll make much longer? M: Just another couple of minutes, and you’ll be able to hit the road. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What job did Albert plan to apply for at first? A. A system operator. B. A product trainer. C. A technician. 9. How much will a system operator receive per hour on Sunday? A. 40 dollars. B. 60 dollars. C. 80 dollars. 10. Which working period might Albert choose? A. From 10 a.m. to 12 p.m., weekdays. B. From 4 p.m. to 6 p.m., weekdays. C. From 10 a.m. to 12 p.m., weekends. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, nice to meet you. M: Hi, I’m Albert. I read on the poster that you’re looking for a student to work as a language assistant. W: I’m sorry, but the position has been filled. Are you interested in the operation of the electronic system? M: Yes. Could you tell me more about the work? W: Sure, it asks you to work with some simple electronic products and there will be training in that. Are you familiar with electronic devices? M: I used to take relevant courses when in college. W: Good. And there are three periods of time available — from 10 a.m. to 12 p.m., weekdays, from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m., weekdays and from 10 a.m. to 12 p.m., weekends. The pay is 60 dollars a day on weekdays and 80 dollars on weekends. M: I’m usually available after 3 p.m. from Monday to Friday. Then how should I apply for the job? W: Please fill out this form. We’ll contact you tomorrow. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What does the man think of Uber Eats? A. Convenient. B. Entertaining. C. Complex. 12. What does Uber Eats provide? A. Healthy eating tips. B. Free delivery service. C. Tailored recommendations. 13. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Order less food. B. Delete the app. C. Take some exercise. 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hey, have you tried Uber Eats yet? It’s been a game changer for me. M: I’ve been using it too. Once I tap the screen, it will show great offers immediately and I can track my order in real time. W: Exactly. I order from tons of different restaurants right on my phone, but the app keeps recommending all these guilty pleasures like fried chicken. M: You know, the platform tailors recommendations based on your preferences. If you’re into meaty dishes, that’s what it’ll push. W: That’s my struggle. I want to enjoy food, but I just can’t say no to those calorie bombs. Now I’m gaining weight. M: I totally get it. Have you thought about balancing it out with some exercise like hitting the gym or walking to the restaurant to pick up your order? W: That’s reasonable. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What did the woman study at university? A. Engineering. B. Design. C. Painting. 15. What would the artist like his work to inspire in the viewers? A. Their talent in art. B. Their appreciation for life. C. Their unique understanding. 16. What is the pleasant surprise to the man? A. The price of the artworks. B. The piece of art the woman owns. C. The friendship the woman enjoys. 【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】M: How do you know this artist? W: We actually went to university together. M: I thought you studied engineering. W: We both did, but then he changed major in his second year. He still uses engineering knowledge to create his artworks. M: Yes, his use of different metals is interesting. W: I met him last week for dinner. He told me that the different types of metal represent different aspects of life. M: Did he tell you what they mean? W: No. He said he likes people to form their own opinions and take their own meaning from his work. M: That’s admirable. Does he use real gold? W: No, he uses paint to create some of the more expensive metals. M: Otherwise it would be very expensive to make. W: His work is now very valuable. He sold a piece last week for $100,000. M: That is incredible. I thought we might be able to pick up one of his works for our home. W: Unlikely, but don’t worry. I already have one. M: You do? ! You never told me that! W: Yes. I bought his graduate piece to support his career. M: It must be worth a fortune. W: It is, but I’ll never sell it. His friendship means more to me. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is Bradley? A. A film director. B. A costume designer. C. A director’s assistant. 18. What is Bradley doing now? A. Teaching skills to improve acting. B. Giving instructions before filming. C Making rules for background actors. 19. How should actors handle talking in the scene? A. Speak out normally. B. Mouth words silently. C. Whisper to each other. 20. What uniform will David be wearing? A. A waiter uniform. B. A police uniform. C. A school uniform. 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【原文】Good morning. I am Bradley, assistant to the director James. He is very busy at the moment preparing for the next scene, so if you have any questions, come to me rather than him. Trust me, I’m much more approachable. I believe for many of you this is the first time, so I’m going to give you a couple of tips and then explain what today’s plan is. For background actors, you want to make it look like you are talking and having a nice time, so smile. But, when you talk, you just have to move your lips. The microphones on set are very sensitive, so don’t actually speak, just mouth the words. For this scene, several of you will be sitting at tables as if you were in a restaurant. A few more of you will be standing by the bar. We also need three actors to look like waiters, so you three — Jack, Luke, and David, can you go to the costume department to get fitted for waiter uniforms? The rest of you, let’s go to the make-up truck and get you all pretty. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、D、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Guided Desert Adventure Typical desert activities like sandboarding, dune bashing and quad biking With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities in the desert. You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next, you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert. What’s included Pickup and drop-off 20 minutes of sandboarding 35 minutes of dune bashing 25 minutes of quad biking 10-minute camel ride Water and soft drinks A drive through a camel farm Additional information Requires a high level of physical fitness. Not suitable for children between 0 and 5. Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult. Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US$ 45/person only. 21. What kind of experiences can participants expect from this trip? A. Taking a sand bathing on the top of a sand dune. B. Exploring the expansive desert freely on a camel ride. C. An exciting day adventure filled with diverse activities. D. Capturing the breathtaking desert landscape with a camera. 22. How much does a group of four university students need to pay for taking the 14:00 tour? A. US$ 180. B. US$ 220. C. US$ 265. D. US$ 400. 23. Which of the following is most likely to be a review from a former participant of the tour? A. The show was great! I highly recommend! B. It was a lot of fun and I enjoyed every minute of it. C. The place is cool, easy to find and get to with metro. D. Arrive early for tickets to avoid a long queue. 【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，为一个沙漠冒险的探险指南和费用信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章图片下第一段“With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities in the desert.(参加这次旅行，您将有半天的时间在沙漠中进行冒险活动)”及第二段“You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area.(您将开车前往一个高沙丘顶部的景点来开始你的旅程，有机会在该地区拍照)”可知，在此活动中，参与者可以用相机捕捉令人惊叹的沙漠景观。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Select time中US$ 55并结合最后一段“Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US$ 45/person only.(中午之后开始的旅游包括有糖果和水果的烧烤晚餐，每人只需额外支付45美元)”可知，下午2点的旅程要每个人另外加45美元，即，一共需要花费（55+45）*4=400美元。故选D。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Guided Desert Adventure(沙漠探险指南)”可知，这是一个探险活动，而非表演；根据文章图片下第二段“You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next, you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert.(您将开车前往一个高沙丘顶部的景点，有机会在该地区拍照。在沙丘的顶端，您将有机会通过滑板滑下。从这里开始，你将准备好乘坐四轮驱动汽车去打一些沙丘。接下来，你将跳上一辆四轮摩托车，有时间在露天的沙漠里开车。最后，你将在沙漠的一小部分骑骆驼)”可知，旅行工具里没有提到地铁；观察图片可知，这是网上订购的，并非需要提前到买票，因此，之前参加过的人可能会评论“这很有趣，我享受其中的每一分钟。”故选B。 B During my early years, I focused on eye-catching landscape photography. I spent time in the Himalayas, Patagonia and Tasmania and returned with pictures of breathtaking beauty which I thought were “awesome”. But a one-month camping trip to the Menindee lakes along Darling-Baaka in Australia shifted my perspective; Photography is more than taking photos. As I became increasingly familiar with the place, I learned that human activities led to widespread deforestation and drought in the area, resulting in many dead trees. Driving across the region, I recalled that Sydney was blanketed by smoke for months on end as bushfires swept through the east coast. Fortunately, the La Niña weather cycle reached Australia, increasing rainfall and causing the continent’s short-lived rivers to spring back to life. Yet, the image of bushfires stayed with me, and I felt driven to do something. That was when the photo Blaze came into being. I spoke to the local authority, explaining that I hoped to create a “burning” tree as a beacon (灯塔) to draw people’s attention to deforestation. They showed great interest because fire is an integral part of the Australian farming and the natives. I connected a few of the gas canisters (罐) generally used for barbecues to flexible gas lines called “slinkies”, which could be wired up the back of the tree, away from the tree and out of sight of the public. These produced an outline of flames when I lit them, as if the tree were on fire. It was lit for 15 seconds while I got the shot, and fire-fighting equipment was prepared. Even though the tree was dead, it was still a vital habitat. But the gas flames did no damage and the insects that lived inside were unharmed. I love that when people look at the photo, they can concretize the delicacy of our natural world while appreciating Blaze. 24. What is the author’s new perception of photography? A. It involves professional skills. B. It should carry deep meanings. C. It requires high-end equipment. D. It should produce beautiful pictures. 25. What inspired the author to create Blaze? A. Local environmental changes. B. Traditional Australian farming. C. Scenery of the Menindee lakes. D. Support from the local authority. 26. Which of the following images best illustrates the photo Blaze? A. B. C. D. 27. What is the photo Blaze intended to be? A. A means of enhancing artistic taste. B. A strategy to beautify the landscape. C. A call to raise public awareness. D. A window to showcase local culture. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者原本专注于风景摄影，在澳大利亚Menindee lakes的经历让其意识到摄影应有更深含义，当地环境变化促使作者创作了照片Blaze，以引起人们对森林砍伐的关注。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But a one-month camping trip to the Menindee lakes along Darling-Baaka in Australia shifted my perspective; Photography is more than taking photos.(但一次在澳大利亚达令-巴阿克地区梅尼德里湖的为期一个月的露营之旅改变了我的看法；摄影不仅仅是拍摄照片)”可知，作者新的认知是摄影应具有深刻含义，故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“As I became increasingly familiar with the place, I learned that human activities led to widespread deforestation and drought in the area, resulting in many dead trees. Driving across the region, I recalled that Sydney was blanketed by smoke for months on end as bushfires swept through the east coast.(随着我对这个地方的了解越来越深入，我了解到人类活动导致了该地区大面积的森林砍伐和干旱，致使许多树木死亡。驾车穿越这片区域时，我回想起悉尼曾连续数月被浓烟笼罩，因为丛林大火席卷了东海岸)”和“Yet, the image of bushfires stayed with me, and I felt driven to do something. That was when the photo  Blaze  came into being.(然而，森林大火的画面一直萦绕在我的脑海里，我觉得有必要做点什么。就在那时，Blaze应运而生)”可知，促使作者创作Blaze这部作品的原因是当地环境的变化。故选A。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I connected a few of the gas canisters (罐) generally used for barbecues to flexible gas lines called “slinkies”, which could be wired up the back of the tree, away from the tree and out of sight of the public. These produced an outline of flames when I lit them, as if the tree were on fire.(我将一些通常用于烧烤的气罐连接到了被称为“滑线”的柔性输气管上。这些滑线可以沿着树的背面铺设，远离树木并隐藏在公众视线之外。当我点燃它们时，会产生火焰的轮廓，仿佛这棵树真的着火了)”可知，照片Blaze呈现的是一棵树被火焰轮廓包围，看起来仿佛树着火了的画面，故选D。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“I spoke to the local authority, explaining that I hoped to create a “burning” tree as a beacon (灯塔) to draw people’s attention to deforestation.(我与当地政府部门进行了沟通，说明了我的想法，即希望打造一棵“燃烧”的树，以此作为警示标志，引起人们对森林砍伐问题的关注)”可知，作者创作Blaze是为了唤起公众意识，故选C。 C Planetary geoarchaeology (地质考古学), the study of how cultural and natural processes on Earth’s moon, on Mars, and throughout the solar system may be changing, preserving, or erasing the material record of space exploration, has been proposed by two researchers from the Kansas Geological Survey at the University of Kansas and their colleagues as a new scientific subfield. “Until recently, we might consider the material left behind during the space race of the mid-20th century as relatively safe, "said Justin Holcomb, researcher at the Kansas Geological Survey. “However, the material record that currently exists on the moon is rapidly becoming at risk of being destroyed if proper attention isn’t paid during the new space era.” Applying geoarchaeological tools and methods to the movement of people into space and the solar system is a natural extension of the study of human migration on Earth, the focus of the ODYSSEY Archaeological Research Program directed by Holcomb’s co-author, Rolfe Mandel. How planetary geoarchaeologists will determine whether an item is worth preserving is an open question. “We feel that all material currently existing on extraterrestrial (地球外的) surfaces is space heritage and worthy of protection, ”Holcomb said. “However, some sites, such as the very first footprints on the moon represent the material footprint of a long history of migration. ”Beyond those“firsts”, making decisions on a case-by-case basis will be necessary to sort through the tens of thousands of pieces of debris (残骸) now in orbit or dropped across the surfaces of the moon and Mars, which many people refer to as “trash” but Holcomb and his colleagues see as heritage. Holcomb thinks geoarchaeologists ought to be a part of upcoming NASA missions to ensure the security and preservation of space history. As for being part of a space mission himself? “I’ll leave that to other geoarchaeologists,” Holcomb said. “There’s plenty to do down here, but I do hope to see an archaeologist in space before it’s all over.” 28. Why has planetary geoarchaeology been proposed? A. To protect space heritage. B. To study the solar system. C. To resist space exploration. D. To found a scientific field. 29. What do we know about the material record of space? A. It threatens the movement of people into space. B. It is the main focus of the ODYSSEY Program. C. It shows the whole process of human migration. D. It is not as safe as expected in the new space era. 30. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The methods of classifying space trash. B. The first footprints on the moon and Mars. C. The question of planetary geoarchaeologists. D. The discussion on identifying space heritage. 31. What does Holcomb suggest other geoarchaeologists do? A Learn from scientists like him. B. Lead upcoming NASA missions. C. Participate in space exploration. D. Ensure the security of astronauts. 【答案】28. A 29. D 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了行星地质考古学这一新兴科学子领域，包括其提出的原因、太空物质记录的现状、对太空遗产的识别讨论以及对地质考古学家参与太空任务的期望。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段最后Justin Holcomb所说的“However, the material record that currently exists on the moon is rapidly becoming at risk of being destroyed if proper attention isn’t paid during the new space era. (然而，如果在新的太空时代没有给予足够的关注，目前月球上现存的物质记录正迅速面临被破坏的风险。)”以及第三段“Applying geoarchaeological tools and methods to the movement of people into space and the solar system is a natural extension of the study of human migration on Earth, the focus of the ODYSSEY Archaeological Research Program directed by Holcomb’s co-author, Rolfe Mandel. (将地质考古学的工具和方法应用于人类进入太空和太阳系的活动，是对地球上人类迁徙研究的自然延伸，这也是由霍尔科姆的合著者罗尔夫・曼德尔指导的奥德赛考古研究项目的重点。)”可知，当前月球上的物质记录在新太空时代面临被破坏的风险，而行星地质考古学旨在通过应用地质考古工具和方法来保护这些太空遗产，所以行星地质考古学被提出是为了保护太空遗产。故选A项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““Until recently, we might consider the material left behind during the space race of the mid-20th century as relatively safe, "said Justin Holcomb, researcher at the Kansas Geological Survey. “However, the material record that currently exists on the moon is rapidly becoming at risk of being destroyed if proper attention isn’t paid during the new space era.” (堪萨斯地质调查局的研究员贾斯汀・霍尔科姆说：“直到最近，我们或许还认为20世纪中叶太空竞赛期间留下的物质相对安全。然而，如果在新的太空时代没有给予足够关注，目前月球上现存的物质记录正迅速面临被破坏的风险。”)”可知，在新的太空时代，原本被认为相对安全的月球上的物质记录正迅速面临被破坏的风险，即它不像以前认为的那样安全。故选D项。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。通读第四段可知，第四段首句“How planetary geoarchaeologists will determine whether an item is worth preserving is an open question. (行星地质考古学家将如何确定一件物品是否值得保存，这是一个悬而未决的问题。)”提出了行星地质考古学家如何确定一个物品是否值得保存这一问题，接着阐述了他们认为地球外表面现存的所有物质都是太空遗产且值得保护，还举例说明了月球上的第一批脚印等情况，以及对于轨道上和月球、火星表面的残骸需要逐案做出决策，这些内容都是围绕如何识别太空遗产展开讨论的。故选D项。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Holcomb thinks geoarchaeologists ought to be a part of upcoming NASA missions to ensure the security and preservation of space history. As for being part of a space mission himself? “I’ll leave that to other geoarchaeologists,” Holcomb said. “There’s plenty to do down here, but I do hope to see an archaeologist in space before it’s all over.” (霍尔科姆认为，地质考古学家应该参与美国国家航空航天局（NASA）即将开展的任务，以确保太空历史的安全与保存。至于他自己是否会参与太空任务呢？“我会把这个机会留给其他地质考古学家，”霍尔科姆说，“地球上有很多事情要做，但我确实希望在一切结束之前看到有考古学家进入太空。”)”可知，Holcomb认为地质考古学家应该参与即将到来的美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的任务，他自己不参与，希望看到其他地质考古学家参与太空任务。故选C项。 D Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(懈怠的), you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(愤慨), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 32. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ___________. A. making a conclusion B. justifying an assumption C. explaining a phenomenon D. making a comparison 33. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, Paragraph 1) implies that __________. A. monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals B. feeling angry about unfairness is also monkeys’ nature C. monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other D. no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions 34. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. De Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys _________. A. prefer grapes to cucumbers B. can be taught to exchange things C. will not be co-operation if feeling cheated D. are unhappy when separated from others 35. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions. B. Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source. C. Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do. D. Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild. 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由佐治亚州亚特兰大埃里莫大学的Sarah Brosnan和Frans de Waal对雌性卷尾猴进行的一项研究，它们像人类女性一样，更倾向于关注“商品和服务”的价值。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Such behaviour is regarded as ‘all too human,’ with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.(这种行为被认为是‘太人类化’，其言下之意就是动物是不可能产生这种微妙的不满。但是美国佐治亚州亚特兰大市Emory大学Sarah Brosnan和Frans de Waal最近在《自然》上发表了一项研究，这项研究认为猴子也有类似的‘太猴子化’的行为)”可知，第一段提到人会因为不公平而愤怒，推导动物会不会呢？有人认为不会，但是科学研究表明猴子同样会，下文就猴子也会因不公平而愤怒展开，所以本段是通过作比较引入主题。故选D项。 【33题详解】 句意理解题。根据第一段中“Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(懈怠的), you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as ‘all too human,’(事实上，如果他还有偷懒的名声，那么你甚至有可能会勃然大怒。这种行为被认为是‘太人类化’)”及第一段末尾的“as well(也)”可知，人会因不公平而感到愤怒，“it is all too monkey(太猴子化)”意思是猴子和人一样，痛恨不公平也是猴子的本性，故选B项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.(这种合作只有在每一只猴子都感觉它没有被欺骗的情况下才可能保持稳定)”可知，该研究发现，如果猴子感觉被欺骗，就不会合作。故选C项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.(然而，到底这样的公平意识是人类和卷尾猴各自形成的，还是因为二者在3500万年前有一个共同的祖先造成的，目前还没有答案)”可知，人类的义愤起源不确定，故选B项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 After my family got comfortably settled in Hotel Ramada in Bangkok, we started exploring the city. After endless hours of shopping, it was finally time to go back. This was when the trouble started. We forgot there are two Ramada hotels in the opposite directions. Absolutely unaware of this, we started searching for the way back. Google maps suggested us the shortest route, which was just 20 minutes away by walk. ___36___ Bangkok felt different after sunset. Walking along the heavily-crowded roads with the dark-red sky felt beautiful. Lost in our talk, we didn’t realize that we passed onto the quieter part of the town. ___37___ It was closed for redecoration. Unluckily, nobody around us then spoke English. Worse still, we stepped in a local tuktuk (三轮车), which took us to an unknown area for an enormous pay. We had no clue where we were, our mobile phones nearly out of power. ___38___ He was a taxi driver. Recounting the day’s events proved to be a great conversation starter. We ended up talking through the way. He was so kind as to offer to drive us around for the rest of our stay. ___39___ For the next four days, from floating markets to the temples of Wat Pho, our trip wouldn’t have been so trouble-free without him. Sometimes when things don’t go according to plan, I think about the stranger we met on the streets and how a tiny mistake on our part led to unexpected results. ___40___ A. That was when our hero arrived. B. Our thankfulness was beyond description. C. We reached a completely different Hotel Ramada. D. We set off into the city with little research on transport. E. We decided not to waste our money but our time instead. F. He then reminded us that our hotel was just a few blocks away. G. The trip rings as a reminder that every cloud has a silver lining. 【答案】36. E 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在曼谷旅游时遇到一位好心司机的故事。 【36题详解】 根据上文“Google maps suggested us the shortest route, which was just 20 minutes away by walk. (谷歌地图为我们推荐了最短的路线，步行只需20分钟)”提到谷歌地图提供了最短的路线，步行只需20分钟，结合下一段中“Walking along the heavily-crowded roads with the dark-red sky felt beautiful. (在拥挤的道路上漫步，深红色的天空让人感觉很美)”可知，作者一家选择了按推荐的路线步行，E项“我们决定不浪费钱，而是花费时间”符合语境。故选E。 【37题详解】 根据后文“It was closed for redecoration. (它因重新装修而关闭了)”可知，作者一家应是到达酒店后发现它关闭了，C选项中Hotel Ramada对应后文It，故C项“我们到达了一个完全不同的华美达酒店”符合语境。故选C。 38题详解】 根据上一段“We had no clue where we were, our mobile phones nearly out of power. (我们不知道自己身在何处，我们的手机几乎没电了)”提到作者一家身陷困境，结合下文“He was a taxi driver.(他是一名出租车司机)”可知，空处应是提及一个帮助作者一家解决困境的人物，故A项“就在这时，我们的英雄来了”符合语境。故选A。 【39题详解】 根据上文“He was so kind as to offer to drive us around for the rest of our stay. (他好心地提出在我们剩下的逗留时间里开车载我们四处转转)”提到那名司机带作者一行人四处转转，结合下文“For the next four days, from floating markets to the temples of Wat Pho, our trip wouldn’t have been so trouble-free without him.(在接下来的四天里，从水上市场到卧佛寺，如果没有他，我们的旅行不会这么顺利)”可知，作者一家应是很感谢那位司机，故B项“我们的感激之情难以形容”符合语境。故选B。 【40题详解】 根据上文“Sometimes when things don’t go according to plan, I think about the stranger we met on the streets and how a tiny mistake on our part led to unexpected results.(有时候，当事情没有按计划进行时，我会想起我们在街上遇到的那个陌生人，想到我们的一个小错误是如何导致意想不到的结果的)”可知，事情不按原计划发展时作者总会想起那位陌生人和那次旅行，所以空处应是总结那次旅行得出的感悟，故G项“这次旅行提醒我们，黑暗中总有一线光明”符合语境。故选G。 第三部分：语言应用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last spring, Clara and I teamed up for a school geology project studying unusual rock formations on Pine Hill. ____41____ with notebooks and basic tools, we set off eagerly, ____42____ that this adventure would teach us more than just about rocks. The first two days went smoothly. We drew stone patterns and recorded colour variations. Clara’s artistic abilities ____43____ well with my systematic data collection skills. However, on Wednesday morning, ____44____ struck. While climbing to our usual observation spot, I tripped, sending our measurement ____45____ rolling down the hillside. My heart sank as we watched our only compass (指南针) disappear into thick bushes. “Without those tools...” I said, frustration choking my voice. “Wait,” Clara interrupted, ____46____ the afternoon shadows stretching across the rocks. “Remember what Mr. Evans taught about using natural markers?” Her eyes lit up with a(n) ____47____. We spent the afternoon ____48____ Clara tracked shadow lengths while I compared rock layers. When shadows proved ____49____, we used fern (蕨类植物) growth patterns as directional guides. Sometimes we argued about methods, but ____50____ our approaches came together like building blocks. By Friday, we’d created a(n) ____51____ mapping system using nature’s clues. Our final presentation surprised everyone. The teachers ____52____ our creative method, but the real reward was discovering how different ideas combined to create ____53____. That evening, Clara showed me her project journal. Beside rock sketches, she’d written: “Stones survive storms through ____54____. So do good teams.” I smiled, realizing our rocky challenge had taught us a valuable lesson: the strongest ____55____ doesn’t lie in mountains, but in teamwork. 41. A. Armed B. Burdened C. Linked D. Rewarded 42. A. proud B. doubtful C. unaware D. worried 43. A. developed B. balanced C. replaced D. competed 44. A. conflict B. disaster C. chance D. inspiration 45. A. ropes B. books C. notes D. tools 46. A. pointing at B. marking down C. running after D. blocking out 47. A. idea B. surprise C. secret D. promise 48. A. reflecting B. experimenting C. planning D. wandering 49. A. helpful B. dangerous C. unreliable D. interesting 50. A. suddenly B. occasionally C. frequently D. gradually 51. A. interactive B. imaginary C. alternative D. advanced 52. A. tested B. improved C. selected D. praised 53. A. connections B. stories C. solutions D. presentations 54. A. luck B. unity C. silence D. speed 55. A. foundation B. argument C. desire D. system 【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和克拉拉一起做一个学校地质项目，研究松树山上不寻常的岩层。途中不慎弄丢了唯一的指南针，但是他们通过团队合作利用大自然的线索创建了一个替代地图系统，并得到了老师的赞扬。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们带着笔记本和基本的工具，急切地出发了，却没有意识到这次冒险教给我们的不仅仅是岩石。A. Armed带有；B. Burdened负担；C. Linked连接；D. Rewarded奖励。根据上文“Last spring, Clara and I teamed up for a school geology project studying unusual rock formations on Pine Hill.(去年春天，克拉拉和我合作完成了一个学校地质项目，研究松树山上不寻常的岩层)”以及下文“with notebooks and basic tools”可知，他们要去研究岩石，所以带着笔记本和基本工具出发了。故选A。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们带着笔记本和基本的工具，急切地出发了，却没有意识到这次冒险教给我们的不仅仅是岩石。A. proud骄傲的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. unaware未意识到的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“this adventure would teach us more than just about rocks.”可知，此处指他们出发的时候没有意识到冒险教的不仅仅是岩石。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：克拉拉的艺术才能与我系统的数据收集技能很好地平衡在一起。A. developed发展；B. balanced平衡；C. replaced取代；D. competed比赛。根据上文“The first two days went smoothly. We drew stone patterns and recorded colour variations.(头两天过得很顺利。我们画出石头图案，记录颜色变化)”可知，前两天很顺利，说明克拉拉的艺术才能与作者系统的数据收集技能很好地平衡在一起。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在星期三早上，灾难降临了。A. conflict冲突；B. disaster灾难；C. chance机会；D. inspiration灵感。根据下文“My heart sank as we watched our only compass disappear into thick bushes.(当我们看着唯一的指南针消失在茂密的灌木丛中时，我的心沉了下去)”可知，唯一的指南针丢失了，发生了灾难。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我爬到我们通常的观察点时，我绊了一下，把我们的测量工具滚下了山坡。A. ropes绳子；B. books书籍；C. notes笔记；D. tools工具。根据上文“and basic tools”以及下文“Without those tools”可知，我们的测量工具滚下了山坡。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“等等，”克拉拉打断了我，指了指穿过岩石的午后阴影。A. pointing at指着；B. marking down降价；C. running after追赶；D. blocking out遮挡。根据下文“the afternoon shadows stretching across the rocks”可知，克拉拉指了指穿过岩石的午后阴影。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她想到一个主意，眼睛一亮。A. idea主意；B. surprise惊讶；C. secret秘密；D. promise承诺。根据上文“Remember what Mr. Evans taught about using natural markers?(还记得埃文斯先生教过的使用天然标记吗？)”可知，克拉拉提示老师教过的知识，此处指她想到一个主意，眼睛一亮。故选A。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们花了一个下午的时间做实验，克拉拉跟踪阴影的长度，而我比较岩层。A. reflecting反思；B. experimenting进行实验；C. planning计划；D. wandering漫步。根据下文“Clara tracked shadow lengths while I compared rock layers”可知，两人花了一下午时间做实验。故选B。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当影子被证明不可靠时，我们使用蕨类植物的生长模式作为方向指南。A. helpful有帮助的；B. dangerous危险的；C. unreliable不可靠的；D. interesting有趣的。根据下文“we used fern growth patterns as directional guides”可知，使用其他植物作为方向指南，说明影子变得不可靠了。故选C。 【50题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时我们会争论方法，但渐渐地，我们的方法就像积木一样累积到了一起。A. suddenly突然；B. occasionally偶尔；C. frequently频繁地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据下文“our approaches came together like building blocks”可知，我们的方法就像积木一样累积到了一起。故选D。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到周五，我们已经创建了一个利用自然线索的替代地图系统。A. interactive互动的；B. imaginary想象的；C. alternative可替代的；D. advanced先进的。根据下文“mapping system using nature’s clues”可知，这个地图系统是因为丢失了指南针而开发出的替代系统。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师们赞扬了我们的创造性方法，但真正的奖励是发现不同的想法如何结合起来创造出解决方案。A. tested测试；B. improved改善；C. selected选择；D. praised赞扬。根据下文“our creative method, but the real reward”可知，老师赞扬了他们的创造性方法。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们赞扬了我们的创造性方法，但真正的奖励是发现不同的想法如何结合起来创造出解决方案。A. connections连接；B. stories故事；C. solutions解决方案；D. presentations展示。根据上文“discovering how different ideas combined to create”以及“our approaches came together like building blocks”可知，通过集思广益他们创造出了解决方案，这才是真正的奖励。故选C。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在岩石素描旁边，她写道：“石头因团结而经受住风暴。优秀的团队也是如此。”A. luck运气；B. unity团结；C. silence沉默；D. speed速度。根据上文“Stones survive storms through”以及后文“So do good teams.”可知，强调团结的作用，石头因团结而经受住风暴。故选B。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我笑了，意识到我们的岩石挑战教会了我们一个宝贵的教训：最强大的基础不在于山，而在于团队合作。A. foundation基础；B. argument争论；C. desire渴望；D. system系统。根据下文“doesn’t lie in mountains, but in teamwork”可知，他们之所以能取得成功，是因为有团队合作作基础。故选A。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On December 4th, 2024, a truly thrilling milestone ___56___ (reach) as China’s Spring Festival was inscribed (收录) on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, marking a ___57___ (note) achievement. This achievement, with an impressive 44 listings that outnumber those of any other nation, not just highlights China’s exceptional contributions, ___58___ solidifies its standing as a leading cultural force on the global stage. ___59___ (root) in the lunar calendar and closely tied to agricultural cycles, the Spring Festival, also known ___60___ Chinese New Year, is a combination of China’s traditions, customs, arts, and culinary delights. More than ___61___ joyous celebration, it embodies the timeless core values of harmony, family unity, and respect for ancestors. These deeply-held ___62___ (belief) influence the daily lives of the Chinese people, making the Spring Festival a powerful symbol of its cultural identity. UNESCO’s recognition is a testament to the festival’s lasting importance, ensuring its preservation for future generations. It applauds China’s unwavering commitment to safeguarding its intangible heritage and highlights the nation’s resolve ____63____ (preserve) its unique cultural appeal. Moreover, this honor fosters global unity in safeguarding our ___64___ (planet) diverse cultural treasures, guaranteeing that China’s vibrant traditions will keep inspiring people across the globe. ____65____ (additional), it celebrates the incredible diversity of cultures, which contributes to the richness and vitality of our world. 【答案】56. was reached 57. notable 58. but 59. Rooted 60. as 61. a 62. beliefs 63. to preserve 64. planet’s 65. Additionally 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了2024年12月4日中国春节被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录这一里程碑事件，阐述了春节的文化内涵、这一认可的意义，以及它对保护全球文化多样性的促进作用。 【56题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：2024年12月4日，中国春节被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，达到了一个真正激动人心的里程碑，标志着一项显著的成就。此处为谓语动词，milestone与reach为被动关系，根据时间状语“On December 4th, 2024”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was reached。故填was reached。 【57题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。此处修饰名词achievement，用note的形容词notable，意为“显著的”。故填notable。 【58题详解】 考查连词。句意：这一成就以44项令人印象深刻的名录数量超过任何其他国家，不仅凸显了中国的卓越贡献，也巩固了其作为全球舞台上领先文化力量的地位。此处为固定搭配not just...but (also)...，意为“不仅……而且……”，用连词but。故填but。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：春节植根于农历，与农业周期紧密相连，又称中国新年，是中国传统、习俗、艺术和美食的结合体。此处为非谓语动词作状语，根据固定短语be rooted in，意为“植根于”可知，the Spring Festival与root为被动关系，用过去分词rooted，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Rooted。 【60题详解】 考查介词。句意：同上。此处为固定搭配be known as，意为“被称为”，用介词as。故填as。 【61题详解】 考查冠词。句意：春节不仅仅是一个欢乐的庆典，它体现了和谐、家庭团聚和尊重祖先的永恒核心价值观。celebration为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，此处表示“一个欢乐的庆典”，为泛指，且joyous是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 【62题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这些根深蒂固的信仰影响着中国人的日常生活，使春节成为其文化身份的有力象征。belief为可数名词，根据These可知，此处用复数形式beliefs。故填beliefs。 【63题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它赞扬了中国坚定不移地致力于保护其非物质遗产，并强调了国家保护其独特文化魅力的决心。此处为非谓语动词作resolve的后置定语，通常使用动词不定式形式修饰名词resolve，意为“保护的决心”。故填to preserve。 【64题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：此外，这一荣誉促进了全球在保护我们星球多样化文化宝藏方面的团结，确保中国充满活力的传统将继续激励全球人民。此处修饰名词treasures，指“星球的多样化文化宝藏”，与空后的名词为所属关系，所以用名词所有格planet’s。故填planet’s。 【65题详解】 考查副词。句意：此外，它颂扬了令人难以置信的文化多样性，这为我们世界的丰富性和活力做出了贡献。此处修饰整个句子，用additional的副词additionally，意为“此外”，谓语句首，首字母大写。故填Additionally。 第四部分 词汇运用 (共两节，满分15分) 第一节: (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 单词拼写(根据首字母或中文)每空填一词 66. The 2025 Jiangsu Football City League has sparked heated discussions among netizens, especially for its amusing wordplay and the event has added new v______________ into the development of cities in Jiangsu. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】vitality##itality 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：2025年江苏足球城市联赛引发了网友们的热烈讨论，尤其是其有趣的文字游戏，为江苏城市的发展注入了新的活力。根据句意及首字母提示可知，空处应填不可数名词vitality“活力”，在句中作宾语。故填vitality。 67. Due to the long passage of time, the ink on the letter paper has faded so much that some characters are almost i______________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】invisible##nvisible 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于时间久远，信纸上的墨水褪色严重，有些字几乎看不见了。此处为形容词作表语，根据首字母“i”及“the ink on the letter paper has faded（墨水褪色）”的语境可知，应为形容词invisible意为“看不见的；无形的”，符合“墨水褪色导致文字难以辨识”的逻辑。故填invisible。 68. The organization s______________ more than 300 homeless animals until they could be placed in new homes last year. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】sheltered##heltered 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：去年，该组织收容了300多只无家可归的动物，直到它们被安置到新家。此处为动词作谓语，根据首字母“s”及“homeless animals (无家可归的动物)”和“until they could be placed in new homes (直到它们被安置到新家)”的语境可知，此处应为动词shelter意为“庇护；收容”，由时间状语“last year”可知，时态为一般过去时，所以谓语动词为sheltered。故填sheltered。 69. Some mistakes are p______________ like paint, but forgiveness can be an eraser. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】permanent##ermanent 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有些错误像颜料一样是永久性的，但宽恕可以是一块橡皮擦。此处为形容词作表语，根据首字母“p”及“like paint (像颜料一样)”和“forgiveness can be an eraser (宽恕可作为橡皮擦)”的类比可知，此处应为形容词permanent，意为“永久的；持久的”符合句意。故填permanent。 70. With the increasing f________ of extreme weather events, scientists are urging immediate actions on slowing down global warming. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】frequency##requency 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：随着极端天气事件发生频率的不断增加，科学家们正敦促立即采取行动来减缓全球变暖。根据句意和首字母可知，此空应填frequency，表“发生率，出现率”，这里为不可数名词，作作介词后宾语。故填frequency。 71. Regular ______________ (维护，保养) of school computers ensures they run smoothly for daily classes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】maintenance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：学校计算机的定期维护确保它们在日常课程中运行顺畅。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填名词maintenance“维护，保养”，在句中作主语。故填maintenance。 72. When I realized I had left my homework on the kitchen table, I ______________(惊恐，恐慌) so much that I dashed into the kitchen, only to find my dog chewing on it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】panicked 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当我意识到把作业落在厨房桌上时，我惊慌失措，猛地冲进厨房，结果却发现我狗正在啃咬作业。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“惊恐，恐慌”应用panic，为动词，在本句中作谓语，且这里时态应与后文保持一致用一般过去时。故填panicked。 73. The company is planning a(n) ______________ (扩张) into new markets to increase its market share. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】expansion 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：该公司正计划向新市场扩张，以增加其市场份额。根据汉语提示“扩张”可知，空格处涉及单词“expansion”，意为“扩张”，为可数名词，不定冠词“an”后接可数名词单数，作宾语。故填expansion。 74. The ______________(离开，退出) of a traditional craftsman from the industry may lead to a loss in the transmission of cultural heritage knowledge. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】departure 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：传统工匠离开该行业可能会导致文化遗产知识传播的损失。根据汉语提示“离开，退出”可知，空格处涉及单词“departure”，意为“离开，退出”，为不可数名词，作主语。故填departure。 75. My English teacher is the most ______________ (有影响力的) mentor I’ve ever met in choosing my career path. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】influential 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我的英语老师是我在选择职业道路时遇到的最有影响力的导师。此处为形容词作定语，修饰名词“mentor”，根据汉语提示“有影响力的”可知，应为形容词influential。故填influential。 第二节：(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)单句语法填空 76. Every possible means ____________ (try) to save the endangered species so far. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been tried 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，每一种可能的方法都已经被用来拯救濒危物种。这里考查谓语动词，主语Every possible means与try之间是被动关系，再由so far可知，这里时态应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语Every possible means为第三人称单数形式。故填has been tried。 77. The journey to the very deepest point on the earth makes us realize how much of the world still remains________ (explore). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be explored##unexplored 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：到达地球最深处的旅程使我们意识到世界上还有多少地方有待探索/未探索。此处表示将来的动作，且explore与how much of the world构成被动关系，故用to be done形式；或表示“未探索的”用形容词unexplored，作表语。故填to be explored/ unexplored。 78. ______________ (occupy) myself with the demanding task of proparing my speech, I find it impossible to spare time for any other activities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Occupying 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我忙于准备演讲这一艰巨的任务，发现不可能抽出时间进行其他活动。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，I和occupy为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Occupying。 79. The ongoing debate over ______________ the restored Ming City Wall in Nanjing should allow night tours reflect citizens’ demands for both heritage preservation and cultural consumption. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：关于南京修复后的明城墙是否应该开放夜间游览的持续争论，反映了市民对遗产保护和文化消费的双重需求。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词表示“是否”，此处作介词宾语，只能用whether引导。故填whether。 80. Despite fierce competition in the final lap, the cyclist secured victory ______________ a merely 0.3 seconds, demonstrating exceptional endurance under pressure. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】by 【解析】 【详解】考查介词用法。句意：尽管在最后一圈竞争激烈，这位自行车手以仅仅0.3秒的优势赢得了胜利，展示了在压力下非凡的耐力。“by +具体数值”可表示“以……的幅度或差距”，此处“by a merely 0.3 seconds”指“以仅0.3秒的优势”，符合语境。故填by。 第五部分：写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 81. 假定你是李华，你校正在为英语文学阅读室设计标识，现向学生征集意见，请你给负责此项工作的外教Mr. Green写邮件，从以下三个标识中选择你最喜欢的一个，并说明理由。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr.Green, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文一： Dear Mr. Green, I am writing to share my ideas on the logo design for our English literature reading room. Among the three options, I prefer Logo 1, “Open a Book, Open a World.” This design captures the essence of reading. The image of an open book combined with a globe and an eye symbolizes how reading opens our minds and broadens our horizons. Additionally, the logo is visually appealing and easy to recognize. It will connect well with students and encourage them to engage with the reading room. I truly hope my suggestion is considered, as this logo best reflects the purpose of the reading room. Thank you, and I’m looking forward to the final decision. Yours, Li Hua 参考范文二： Dear Mr. Green, I’m excited to share my thoughts on the logo design for the English Literature Reading Room. Of the three options, I believe Logo 2, “Read to Succeed,” stands out as my favorite. This design highlights the connection between reading and success. The upward arrow, trophy, and graphs symbolize progress, achievement, and personal growth through reading. It sends a powerful message that reading can help them achieve their goals. Moreover, the design is modern and inspiring, which I believe will encourage students to make the most of the reading room. It would mean a lot to me if my suggestion is accepted, as I feel this logo will inspire students to strive for success. Thank you and I eagerly await the final outcome. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为英语文学阅读室选择标识并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累（例文一） 想法：idea→opinion 此外：additionally→what’s more 有吸引力的：appealing→attractive 建议：suggestion→advice 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This design captures the essence of reading. 拓展句：This design captures the essence of reading, which better represents the English Literature Reading Room. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The image of an open book combined with a globe and an eye symbolizes how reading opens our minds and broadens our horizons.（运用了how引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】I truly hope my suggestion is considered, as this logo best reflects the purpose of the reading room.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that；运用了as引导的原因状语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 82. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’d always been told to take care of my older brother, Brian, who was born weak and small. I’d often tie his shoes or prepare another glass of water for him. My mom saw my larger size and strong body as a sign that I was to be a kind of guardian angel (守护天使) for Brian. However, that was not the case. One day our school sponsored a pumpkin-carving contest. First prize was $100, and I knew just how I would spend it. There was a brand-new game I was dying to own. So I decided the first place bonus definitely had to land in my pocket. When I had to carve the perfect pumpkin I’d picked out, it dawned on me that with my big clumsy fingers I’d surely screw it up (搞砸). I thought of Brian’s smaller, delicate hands and knew he was the man for the job. I immediately begged Brian. Unexpectedly, he asked for a cut. That was fifty-fifty. Quickly doing the math in my head, I figured out even if I split (分摊) the first prize, I’d still have enough cash for the game. So I gave in to Brian’s demands. With skillful hands Brian carved the perfect face, and now we had the best pumpkin ever. Then the unexpected happened: We came in second. Unfortunately, second prize was only $50, and I needed every penny of that to buy the game. The day of the awards ceremony, the principal handed over the money to me because Brian was home, sick with cold. If he really wanted to win, he would have been here today, I thought to myself, justifying stealing the cash from under poor Brian’s runny nose. With hardly a thought, I ran to the store and bought my dream game. That night when Brian asked if we had won, I denied, afraid to look into his eyes. The whole thing was never mentioned again until the day when Brian was packing for college. I played my usual role in helping him pack when I came across an old album filled with photos he had taken as the school photographer. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I was enjoying the photos when one caught my eye. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “You actually knew and didn’t say anything?" I was shocked. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: I was enjoying the photos when one caught my eye. It was a picture of the pumpkin we had carved together. Underneath, Brian had written, “My first real win with my brother. Even if we didn’t get first, it was a victory because we worked as a team.” Seeing those words, a wave of guilt washed over me. I remembered how I had selfishly taken all the money and lied to him. I realized how much I had let him down. I turned to Brian, ready to confess everything. Paragraph 2: “You actually knew and didn’t say anything?” I was shocked. Brian just smiled gently and said, “I always knew. But I also knew that you needed that game more than the money at that time. And I was proud of our teamwork, not the prize. I hoped one day you’d understand the real meaning of winning together.” His words made me feel even more ashamed. I apologized sincerely, vowing to make it up to him. From then on, I truly understood my role as his guardian angel and the importance of true brotherhood. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者与哥哥Brian之间的一次经历，展现了兄弟之间的情感变化以及作者对“真正胜利”的理解。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我正欣赏着这些照片，其中一张吸引了我的目光。”以及第二段首句内容““你其实早就知道却什么都没说？”我震惊地问道。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现自己的哥哥早就知道他们获得了二等奖，却没有揭穿作者。 ②由第二段首句内容““你其实早就知道却什么都没说？”我震惊地问道。”可知，第二段可描写作者向哥哥道歉，也真正理解了兄弟情谊的重要性。 2.续写线索：作者欣赏着照片，突然发现了一张俩人一起雕刻南瓜的照片——在照片下，哥哥记下了他们一起雕刻南瓜这件事，并感叹虽然没有获得第一名，但是仍然是胜利——作者突然意识到哥哥早就知道了真相，却没有揭穿自己的谎言——作者准备向哥哥坦白，可是哥哥却温柔地自己为两人的团队合作感到自豪——作者非常愧疚，真诚地向哥哥道歉——从此之后，作者真正理解了兄弟情谊。 3词汇激活 行为类 ①说谎：lie/ tell a lie ②使……失望：let down/ disappoint ③道歉：apologize/ make an apology 情绪类 ①对……感到自豪：be proud of/ take pride in ②真诚地：sincerely/ genuinely 【点睛】【高分句型1】It was a picture of the pumpkin we had carved together.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Even if we didn’t get first, it was a victory because we worked as a team.（运用了even if引导的状语从句和because引导的状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$