精品解析：广东省广州三校（广大附中、铁一中学、广州外国语）2024-2025学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题

2024-2025学年下学期期中三校联考 高二英语 满分120分 考试用时120分钟 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：阅读（共两节，20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A With its never-ending list of must-see attractions, New York City can prove irresistible to even the most seasoned travelers. Consulting both travelers and experts, we identified the top New York City tours. Central Park Bike Tour Price: From $49 The daily tour guides cyclists through Bethesda Fountain Strawberry Fields and the Reservoir in roughly two hours. The ticket covers the use of bicycles as well as helmets (头盔), which are forced on riders of 14 and younger. Bikers can purchase insurance for an additional fee. Prefer to explore on your own? There are also bicycles available to rent. Chinatown and Little Italy Food Fest Price: From $105 Eat your way through Chinatown and Little Italy on this three-hour walking tour. As you explore these famous New York City neighborhoods with an expert guide leading the way, you’ll stop for seven samples of traditional dishes. Many suggest arriving hungrily to fully enjoy all of the tour’s offerings. Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Price: Adults from $79; kids from $75 The five-hour tour includes access to the grounds of Liberty Island and Ellis Island, the National Immigration Museum and the Statue of Liberty Museum, as well as round-trip boat tickets. The guided section of the tour begins at Castle Clinton in Battery Park (where the tourists meet) and ends at Ellis Island. Ghosts of Greenwich Village Tour Price: From 839 Among the sites you’ll pass by are Anne Charlotte Lynch’s house, where Edgar Allan Poe made some of his most famous works known, the Hangman’s Elm, and the Jefferson Market Library. Unlike the other three tours, this tour operates nightly at 8 p.m. for 2 hours and is offered in English and Spanish. Note that this experience is not suitable for kids under age 12. 1. What do we know about the bike tour in Central Park? A. It’s a self-guided tour. B. It’s unfriendly to teenagers. C. It charges extra for insurance. D. It asks all bikers to wear helmets. 2. Which tour has the longest duration? A. Central Park Bike Tour. B. Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island. C. Ghosts of Greenwich Village Tour. D. Chinatown and Little Italy Food Fest. 3. What is special about Ghosts of Greenwich Village Tour? A. It’s scheduled at night. B. It operates daily. C. It’s available for adults. D. It publicizes literature. B On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories. “By the time we closed on the 20th, we had received 500 human-written stories and 700 AI-written ones,” said editor-in-chief Neil Clarke. “It was increasing at such a speed that we figured that by the end of the month, we would have doubled the number of articles we normally have. The rate had been growing from previous months, and we were concerned that we had to do something to stop it.” Worries about AI misuse have frequently appeared in headlines recently, particularly since the launch of ChatGPT in November, 2022, which can not only answer a broad range of questions, but also create original poems and stories. Clarke said magazines like his, which pay contributors for their work, were being targeted by people trying to make quick money. He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles. He also admitted that the humor of his sci-fi magazine being targeted by AI robots is not lost on him. “You know, our mascot (吉祥物) is a robot. So we see the irony,” he said. “But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people. We don’t celebrate technology just because it exists. We want to make sure that we’re using it right. And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we’re not ready to accept. Clarke said the magazine didn’t know how to deal with the issue, and part of the motivation to speak out was in the hope of finding some solutions. He also said the quality of the AI-written stories was very poor. 4. What’s the matter with the magazine Clarkesworld? A. It will close down forever. B. It was targeted by AI writers. C. It stopped paying contributors. D. It has lost many good authors. 5. What can we infer about other magazines’ attitude to the AI-written stories? A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Unknown. D. Tolerant. 6 What does Neil Clarke say about science fiction? A. It often intends to find some solutions. B. It welcomes the existing new technologies. C. It will accept AI-written stories in the near future. D. It often tries to warn the dark side of technologies. 7. Where is this text most likely from? A. A notice. B. A science fiction. C. A news report. D. A book review. C In 1977, William Crano, writing in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, studied the connection between the primacy effect and the recency effect, and he found that (among other things) people paid more attention early in a presentation, which would suggest they also innately (与生俱来) gave more focus to items at the beginning of the list. In 1980, Dewey Rundus, writing in the journal Memory & Cognition, examined how human attempts to reread memorized lists may influence the primacy effect; repeatedly rereading the list from the beginning solidifies the first items in the person’s memory. A real-life example of the primacy effect frequently occurs in the job interview and hiring processes. The first things you present to a potential employer — your resume (简历)，the way you dress, your initial greetings — set the tone for the overall hiring process. By putting the greatest care into the first message you send, you can use the primacy effect for your own long-term benefit. Have you ever been tasked with a long list of assignments, only to find that you can only remember the first few items on your list? If so, you may have experienced the primacy effect. The primacy effect is a phenomenon where a person only remembers the first few entries in a list of items. Psychologists include the primacy effect as part of a larger condition called the serial-position effect. The serial-position effect describes how a person’s free recall of a long list of words or phrases will convey a penchant for the beginning of a list (the primacy effect) and the end of a list (the recency effect), forgetting items from the middle of the list. Advertising agencies take advantage of the primacy effect when they structure commercials and print advertisements. They may front-load important information — even beginning with the single most important message of the ad. They may also place key information at the end of advertisements which, per the recency effect, also correlates to a higher likelihood of recall. 8. What aspect of the primacy effect did Crano and Rundus both focus on? A. Its effects. B. Its causes. C. Its varieties. D. Its applications. 9. Which can describe “convey a penchant for” underlined in paragraph 4? A. Cause anxiety over. B. Show uncertainty for. C. Stress the importance of. D. Display a tendency toward. 10. How is the recenty effect applied in an advertisement? A The final part is emphasized. B. Specific audiences are targeted. C. Key information is placed at the beginning. D. The quality of the product is always highlighted. 11. What advice may job interviewees draw from the text? A. Make a great first impression. B. Pay attention to the tone of voice. C. Read the hiring message carefully. D. Practice the interview process at home. D In the Alps and Apennines of southern Europe, longhorn beetles are moving uphill, and a rare brown butterfly with orange-tipped wings is facing extinction due to isolation (隔离) at high peaks. This is a picture of a global trend. With temperatures rising and pressure on biodiversity growing, insects vital to our ecosystems are not only moving north and south, but up. Research shows many animals are making similar moves, but insects’ high levels of mobility and short generation times allow them to respond quickly to change. Bumblebees in the Pyrenees have moved upwards on average by more than a metre a year, with some species making significantly greater journeys. All of this shows the speed of climate change and its ecological impacts at higher altitudes (海拔). In ecology, finding the “smoking gun” to neatly explain any phenomenon is generally difficult. Prof. Christy McCain, who runs Colorado University’s Mountain Lab, said: “One thing that people don’t think about as much is context: how climate affects insects at different life stages, such as eggs and larvae (幼虫). Measuring adults in summer might not reveal the most critical impacts of climate change, especially in cold and dry mountain environments.” McCain believes the way data has been collected historically is preventing their understanding, with too many museum specimens (标本) from low altitudes, and far fewer from higher up. And many groups other than butterflies and moths (蛾) have been neglected. To support her view, she cites research on carrion beetles by a student in her lab. The study shows that climate tolerance might be passed down in these impacts, which play a key role in decomposition and protect them from extreme conditions. Their long history since the Cretaceous (白垩纪) also aids their adaptation today. There is no such thing as a standard insect or response to environmental change. For some groups, it might be a case of the bigger and more mobile they are, the better their chances. There is also no universal upland habitat and this too could prove a saving grace. 12. Bumblebees in the Pyrenees are mentioned because ______. A. they are more mobile than other insects B. they have adapted well to higher altitudes C. they are a useful indicator of climate change D. they face extinction due to upward movement 13. Which statement may McCain agree with according to paragraphs 3 and 4? A. Study context is beyond grasp. B. Research data are hard to obtain. C. Insect samples are unrepresentative. D. Collection method is unconventional. 14. Why does McCain cite research on carrion beetles? A. To argue for their sensitivity to environmental changes. B. To call for the protection of insects from higher altitudes. C. To redirect focus from insects moving uphill to those downhill. D. To offer new insights into insects’ adaptation to climate change. 15. What does “a saving grace” in the last paragraph mean? A. A method used to collect data. B. A problem that needs to be solved. C. A feature that helps improve a situation. D. A type of insect that adapts well to change. 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Today, community service often feels like something you have to do, not something you want to do. Schools require it for graduation, colleges ask about it in applications, and even employers increasingly inquire about it. This trend appears uplifting, because more volunteers mean stronger nonprofits. But I’ve realized there’s a problem: ____16____ I’ve encountered students who talk about volunteering like it’s a competition. They declare involvement with charity organizations proudly, only to reveal astonishing gaps when questioned further. “I did 100 hours,” one might say, yet struggles to explain the missions of the organizations. ____17____ When did helping others become about counting hours instead of making a difference? True service isn’t measured in hours or reduced to strategic career moves. ____18____ Imagine helping build a wheelchair ramp (坡道) for an elderly neighbor so they can leave their house. Or teaching math to kids who can’t afford tutors because you noticed they were struggling. At its core, meaningful service demands emotional investment — the willingness to center others’ wellbeing above personal gain. Reforming this system requires fundamentally rethinking how we evaluate commitment. Colleges and employers must shift from quantitative checkboxes to qualitative assessments. Instead of asking “How many hours did you serve?”, applications might inquire: “What social challenge moved you to act?” or “____19____” ____20____ Volunteer because it is the right thing to do as a human being. If we care more about why we help instead of how much we help, community service can become what it’s meant to be — people working together to make the world a little kinder, one small act at a time. A. It’s definitely about caring. B. This makes me really upset. C. Don’t volunteer because you have to. D. It is determined by who we offer help to. E. How did your service meet the needs of your community? F. How many times a year did you volunteer for charity work? G. When we treat kindness like an assignment, are we really being kind? 第二部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） For a few moments, the tourists thought they were about to witness something terrible. ____21____, they had a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to watch a whale baby emerge into the world. ____22____ into the blue waters just off the coast of Dana Point, California, people on a small boat spotted an adult whale swimming around. Then a pool of something ____23____ appeared to spread. “Many of us thought it may be a shark attack. But it was not. Instead of the ____24____ of life, it was the beginning of a new one!” one of them wrote online. “This is a ____25____ for all of us. We’ve never seen it happen before.” “The fact that you can see the blood means the ____26____ must have just come out. It isn’t something that is seen or ____27____ very often. In fact, I don’t know if there’re any other videos like that. They are extraordinarily ____28____,” said Schulman-Janiger, a biologist. “I ____29____ that I were there.” Schulman-Janiger admitted she’d never _____30_____ an actual birth. About nine years ago, she was just _____31_____ enough to spot a newborn whale less than an hour old. “Whales are born with soft fins (鳍) that take about 24 hours to become _____32_____. Until then, they can’t really swim and the mothers have to _____33_____ their babies so they can rest and breathe,” she continued. “Animals on land smell each other. But animals in _____34_____ can’t smell. So their skin is very sensitive. That’s why we can see the baby whale and its mother touch their faces _____35_____ in the posted videos.” 21. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Unfortunately D. Eventually 22. A. Diving B. Looking C. Turning D. Backing 23. A. blue B. green C. red D. black 24. A. chance B. cost C. protection D. end 25. A. loss B. first C. mistake D. punishment 26. A. baby B. family C. shark D. swimmer 27. A. ignored B. appreciated C. documented D. accepted 28. A. rare B. expensive C. dark D. terrible 29. A. regret B. forget C. remember D. wish 30. A. wanted B. witnessed C. investigated D. given 31. A. late B. brave C. lucky D. weak 32. A. delicious B. warm C. strong D. long 33. A. search for B. hold up C. follow up D. put down 34. A. water B. soil C. forest D. air 35. A. carelessly B. unfriendly C. secretly D. frequently 第Ⅱ卷 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During the recent National Day holiday, the Ailao Mountains, located in Southwest China’s Yunnan Province, became ___36___ unexpected sensation online. A viral video from a content creator, who adventured into the Ailao Mountains alone to gather materials, ___37___(showcase) the range’s mist-covered peaks, tranquil waters, and untamed wilderness. Attracted by the mystique, many tourists flocked to this once relatively unknown destination during the holiday. What was once a thinly ___38___(populate) “forbidden zone” quickly turned into a crowded “tourist spot”. Contrary to ___39___ some may think the Ailao Mountains are a vast range instead of a single peak. ___40___(stretch) about 400 kilometers, it runs through central Yunnan, forming a natural boundary ___41___ the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Hengduan Mountains. While some parts have been developed into scenic areas, much of the Ailao Mountains remain untouched. According to veteran geologist Wang Yu, the mountain’s terrain is rugged (崎岖的), with steep vertical ___42___ (drop) and six different climate zones. “The complex climate, which ranges from tropical to alpine, makes it easy for weather ___43___(change) suddenly. Once you enter the dense forest, it’s easy to lose your way and encounter dangers like venomous snakes, leeches, and wild animals,” Wang warned. In 2021, the dangers of the region became ___44___ (tragic) evident when four professional geologists from the Kunming Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center of China Geological Survey went missing and were later found dead in the Ailao Mountains, the youngest of ____45____ was 25, and the oldest 32. While the allure of the Ailao Mountains’ wild beauty is undeniable, it’s crucial not to embark on such adventures without preparation! 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英语报正在以“My Future Invention”为题进行征文，请你写一篇文章投稿，描述你的未来发明。内容包括： 1. 物品的独特设计； 2. 物品的用途。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右。 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 My Future Invention ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a sunny Saturday morning, and Jake had just put on his sneakers when his phone buzzed. It was a message from Ryan: “Meet at the park in 15 minutes?” Jake smiled. It had been a long week of school, and he couldn’t wait to play basketball with his friends. Just as he was heading out, his mom called from the kitchen. “Jake! Come back! I need your help with the storage room.” “But Mom I told Ryan I’d meet him at the park,” Jake protested. “We talked about this. Grandma is moving in this weekend, so we need to clean out the storage room to make space for her.” “Grandma?” Jake thought, the word feeling almost foreign on his tongue. He didn’t even know her that well — it had been years since she last visited, and now she was moving in? He couldn’t believe he had to give up his Saturday for someone he barely knew. With complaints and sighs, he kicked at the floor as he trudged down the hallway, dragging his feet like they weighed a ton. Stepping into the storage room, his nose wrinkled in disgust. The place was a disaster. Spiderwebs drooped from every corner, and dust swirled in the sunlight like dirty smoke. Boxes teetered in unstable stacks, a rolled-up carpet with worn edges lay half-spilled across the floor, and forgotten junk crowded every inch. Jake let out a long, dramatic sigh — this job was going to take forever. Just as he was about to give up and sneak a text to Ryan, a faded blue album tucked at the bottom of the suitcase caught his eye. Faint words were etched on its leather cover: Stories with Jake (To Be Continued…). He pulled it out and flipped it open—the pages were filled with moments of him and his grandmother. On the very first page was a photo — On the very first page was a photo: his grandmother, much younger then, cradling a tiny baby wrapped in a soft blanket. At the bottom of the photo he saw some words in careful handwriting: “Glad to meet you, baby Jake.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右 (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: As he flipped through more photos, his eyes began to mist. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Next morning, when his grandmother stepped into her new room, Jake handed her the album. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年下学期期中三校联考 高二英语 满分120分 考试用时120分钟 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：阅读（共两节，20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A With its never-ending list of must-see attractions, New York City can prove irresistible to even the most seasoned travelers. Consulting both travelers and experts, we identified the top New York City tours. Central Park Bike Tour Price: From $49 The daily tour guides cyclists through Bethesda Fountain, Strawberry Fields and the Reservoir in roughly two hours. The ticket covers the use of bicycles as well as helmets (头盔), which are forced on riders of 14 and younger. Bikers can purchase insurance for an additional fee. Prefer to explore on your own? There are also bicycles available to rent. Chinatown and Little Italy Food Fest Price: From $105 Eat your way through Chinatown and Little Italy on this three-hour walking tour. As you explore these famous New York City neighborhoods with an expert guide leading the way, you’ll stop for seven samples of traditional dishes. Many suggest arriving hungrily to fully enjoy all of the tour’s offerings. Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Price: Adults from $79; kids from $75 The five-hour tour includes access to the grounds of Liberty Island and Ellis Island, the National Immigration Museum and the Statue of Liberty Museum, as well as round-trip boat tickets. The guided section of the tour begins at Castle Clinton in Battery Park (where the tourists meet) and ends at Ellis Island. Ghosts of Greenwich Village Tour Price: From 839 Among the sites you’ll pass by are Anne Charlotte Lynch’s house, where Edgar Allan Poe made some of his most famous works known, the Hangman’s Elm, and the Jefferson Market Library. Unlike the other three tours, this tour operates nightly at 8 p.m. for 2 hours and is offered in English and Spanish. Note that this experience is not suitable for kids under age 12. 1. What do we know about the bike tour in Central Park? A. It’s a self-guided tour. B. It’s unfriendly to teenagers. C. It charges extra for insurance. D. It asks all bikers to wear helmets. 2. Which tour has the longest duration? A. Central Park Bike Tour. B. Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island. C. Ghosts of Greenwich Village Tour. D. Chinatown and Little Italy Food Fest. 3. What is special about Ghosts of Greenwich Village Tour? A. It’s scheduled at night. B. It operates daily. C. It’s available for adults. D. It publicizes literature. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。本文主要介绍了纽约市的四个最佳游览活动的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Central Park Bike Tour下的“Bikers can purchase insurance for an additional fee.(骑行者可以额外付费购买保险)”可知，Central Park Bike Tour保险要额外收费。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Central Park Bike Tour部分的“in roughly two hours（大约两小时）”，Chinatown and Little Italy Food Fest部分的“this three-hour walking tour（3小时的徒步旅行）”，Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island部分的“The five-hour tour（五小时的旅行）”和Ghosts of Greenwich Village Tour部分的“for2 hours（持续两小时）”可知，Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island这一游览活动持续时间最长。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ghosts of Greenwich Village Tour下的“Unlike the other three tours, this tour operates nightly at 8 p.m. for 2 hours and is offered in English and Spanish.(与其他三个旅行团不同，这个旅行团每晚8点开始，持续2小时，提供英语和西班牙语)”可知，Ghosts of Greenwich Village Tour的特别之处是它安排在晚上。故选A项。 B On February 20 the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories. “By the time we closed on the 20th, we had received 500 human-written stories and 700 AI-written ones,” said editor-in-chief Neil Clarke. “It was increasing at such a speed that we figured that by the end of the month, we would have doubled the number of articles we normally have. The rate had been growing from previous months, and we were concerned that we had to do something to stop it.” Worries about AI misuse have frequently appeared in headlines recently, particularly since the launch of ChatGPT in November, 2022, which can not only answer a broad range of questions, but also create original poems and stories. Clarke said magazines like his, which pay contributors for their work, were being targeted by people trying to make quick money. He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles. He also admitted that the humor of his sci-fi magazine being targeted by AI robots is not lost on him. “You know, our mascot (吉祥物) is a robot. So we see the irony,” he said. “But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people. We don’t celebrate technology just because it exists. We want to make sure that we’re using it right. And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we’re not ready to accept. Clarke said the magazine didn’t know how to deal with the issue, and part of the motivation to speak out was in the hope of finding some solutions. He also said the quality of the AI-written stories was very poor. 4. What’s the matter with the magazine Clarkesworld? A. It will close down forever. B. It was targeted by AI writers. C. It stopped paying contributors. D. It has lost many good authors. 5. What can we infer about other magazines’ attitude to the AI-written stories? A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Unknown. D. Tolerant. 6. What does Neil Clarke say about science fiction? A. It often intends to find some solutions. B. It welcomes the existing new technologies. C. It will accept AI-written stories in the near future. D. It often tries to warn the dark side of technologies. 7. Where is this text most likely from? A. A notice. B. A science fiction. C. A news report. D. A book review. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道介绍了享誉全球的科幻杂志Clarkesworld最近受AI作品的影响，不得不暂停接受新稿件。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。第一段提到“On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories.”（2月20日，科幻杂志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。）由此判断，Clarkesworld是被AI写手逼得不得不暂停接受新稿件。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。第四段提到“He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles.”（他说，他已经和其他杂志的编辑谈过，他们都同意停止接受人工智能撰写的文章。）由此判断，其他杂志对AI生成的作品持否定态度。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。第五段提到“‘But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people. We don’t celebrate technology just because it exists. We want to make sure that we’re using it right. And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we’re not ready to accept.’”（但问题是，科幻小说往往是为了给人们一个警告。我们不会因为技术的存在而赞美它。我们要确保我们正确地使用它。关于这项技术，有一些重大的法律和道德问题，我们还没有准备好接受。）由此判断，Neil Clarke认为科幻杂志经常试图警告技术的黑暗面。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。第一段提到“On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories.”（2月20日，科幻杂志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。）文章第一段中交代了事情发生的时间，由此判断，这是一篇新闻报道。故选C。 C In 1977, William Crano, writing in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, studied the connection between the primacy effect and the recency effect, and he found that (among other things) people paid more attention early in a presentation, which would suggest they also innately (与生俱来) gave more focus to items at the beginning of the list. In 1980, Dewey Rundus, writing in the journal Memory & Cognition, examined how human attempts to reread memorized lists may influence the primacy effect; repeatedly rereading the list from the beginning solidifies the first items in the person’s memory. A real-life example of the primacy effect frequently occurs in the job interview and hiring processes. The first things you present to a potential employer — your resume (简历)，the way you dress, your initial greetings — set the tone for the overall hiring process. By putting the greatest care into the first message you send, you can use the primacy effect for your own long-term benefit. Have you ever been tasked with a long list of assignments, only to find that you can only remember the first few items on your list? If so, you may have experienced the primacy effect. The primacy effect is a phenomenon where a person only remembers the first few entries in a list of items. Psychologists include the primacy effect as part of a larger condition called the serial-position effect. The serial-position effect describes how a person’s free recall of a long list of words or phrases will convey a penchant for the beginning of a list (the primacy effect) and the end of a list (the recency effect), forgetting items from the middle of the list. Advertising agencies take advantage of the primacy effect when they structure commercials and print advertisements. They may front-load important information — even beginning with the single most important message of the ad. They may also place key information at the end of advertisements which, per the recency effect, also correlates to a higher likelihood of recall. 8. What aspect of the primacy effect did Crano and Rundus both focus on? A. Its effects. B. Its causes. C. Its varieties. D. Its applications. 9. Which can describe “convey a penchant for” underlined in paragraph 4? A. Cause anxiety over. B. Show uncertainty for. C. Stress the importance of. D. Display a tendency toward. 10. How is the recenty effect applied in an advertisement? A. The final part is emphasized. B. Specific audiences are targeted. C. Key information is placed at the beginning. D. The quality of the product is always highlighted. 11. What advice may job interviewees draw from the text? A. Make a great first impression. B. Pay attention to the tone of voice. C. Read the hiring message carefully. D. Practice the interview process at home. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了首因效应及其相关研究和应用场景。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In 1977, William Crano, writing in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, studied the connection between the primacy effect and the recency effect, and he found that(among other things) people paid more attention early in a presentation, which would suggest they also innately (与生俱来) gave more focus to items at the beginning of the list. In 1980, Dewey Rundus, writing in the journal Memory & Cognition, examined how human attempts to reread memorized lists may influence the primacy effect; repeatedly rereading the list from the beginning solidifies the first items in the person’s memory.(1977年，威廉·克兰诺在《人格与社会心理学杂志》上发表文章，研究了首因效应和近因效应之间的联系，他发现（除其他外）人们在演讲的早期更关注，这表明他们也天生更关注列表开头的项目。1980年，杜威·伦达斯在《记忆与认知》杂志上发表文章，研究了人类试图重读记忆列表的行为如何影响首因效应；反复从头开始重读列表会巩固人们记忆中的第一项)”可知，Crano发现人们在展示初期更关注内容，暗示他们天生更关注列表开头的项目，这探讨了首因效应的成因；Rundus研究重复从头重读列表如何巩固开头项目的记忆，同样涉及首因效应产生的原因。由此可推知，两人均聚焦于首因效应的成因。故选B。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段的“The primacy effect is a phenomenon where a person only remembers the first few entries in a list of items. Psychologists include the primacy effect as part of a larger condition called the serial-position effect.(首因效应是指一个人只记得项目列表中的前几个条目的现象。心理学家将首要效应作为一个更大的条件的一部分，称为序列位置效应。请仔细阅读。在家练习面试过程)”以及划线短语所在的句子“forgetting items from the middle of the list.(而忘记列表中间的项目)”可知，序列位置效应描述了一个人对一个长单词或短语列表的自由回忆如何表现出对列表开头和列表结尾的偏好，因此，“convey a penchant for”的意思是“表现出倾向”。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Advertising agencies take advantage of the primacy effect when they structure commercials and print advertisements. They may also place key information at the end of advertisements which, per the recency effect, also correlates to a higher likelihood of recall.(广告公司在制作商业广告和印刷广告时利用了首因效应。他们也可以把关键信息放在广告的末尾，根据近因效应，这也会提高回忆的可能性)”可知，广告公司也可以把关键信息放在广告的末尾，根据近因效应，这也会提高回忆的可能性，因此，近因效应在广告中的应用是最后一部分被强调。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“A real-life example of the primacy effect frequently occurs in the job interview and hiring processes. The first things you present to a potential employer — your resume (简历)，the way you dress, your initial greetings — set the tone for the overall hiring process.(首因效应在现实生活中的一个例子经常出现在求职面试和招聘过程中。你给潜在雇主的第一印象——你的简历、穿着方式、初次问候——为整个招聘过程定下了基调)”可知，首因效应在现实生活中的一个例子经常出现在求职面试和招聘过程中，你给潜在雇主的第一印象——你的简历、穿着方式、初次问候——为整个招聘过程定下了基调，由此可推知，求职者可以从这篇文章中得到的建议是留下良好的第一印象。故选A。 D In the Alps and Apennines of southern Europe, longhorn beetles are moving uphill, and a rare brown butterfly with orange-tipped wings is facing extinction due to isolation (隔离) at high peaks. This is a picture of a global trend. With temperatures rising and pressure on biodiversity growing, insects vital to our ecosystems are not only moving north and south, but up. Research shows many animals are making similar moves, but insects’ high levels of mobility and short generation times allow them to respond quickly to change. Bumblebees in the Pyrenees have moved upwards on average by more than a metre a year, with some species making significantly greater journeys. All of this shows the speed of climate change and its ecological impacts at higher altitudes (海拔). In ecology, finding the “smoking gun” to neatly explain any phenomenon is generally difficult. Prof. Christy McCain, who runs Colorado University’s Mountain Lab, said: “One thing that people don’t think about as much is context: how climate affects insects at different life stages, such as eggs and larvae (幼虫). Measuring adults in summer might not reveal the most critical impacts of climate change, especially in cold and dry mountain environments.” McCain believes the way data has been collected historically is preventing their understanding, with too many museum specimens (标本) from low altitudes, and far fewer from higher up. And many groups other than butterflies and moths (蛾) have been neglected. To support her view, she cites research on carrion beetles by a student in her lab. The study shows that climate tolerance might be passed down in these impacts, which play a key role in decomposition and protect them from extreme conditions. Their long history since the Cretaceous (白垩纪) also aids their adaptation today. There is no such thing as a standard insect or response to environmental change. For some groups it might be a case of the bigger and more mobile they are, the better their chances. There is also no universal upland habitat and this too could prove a saving grace. 12. Bumblebees in the Pyrenees are mentioned because ______. A. they are more mobile than other insects B. they have adapted well to higher altitudes C. they are a useful indicator of climate change D. they face extinction due to upward movement 13. Which statement may McCain agree with according to paragraphs 3 and 4? A. Study context is beyond grasp. B. Research data are hard to obtain. C. Insect samples are unrepresentative. D. Collection method is unconventional. 14. Why does McCain cite research on carrion beetles? A. To argue for their sensitivity to environmental changes. B. To call for the protection of insects from higher altitudes. C. To redirect focus from insects moving uphill to those downhill. D. To offer new insights into insects’ adaptation to climate change. 15. What does “a saving grace” in the last paragraph mean? A. A method used to collect data. B. A problem that needs to be solved. C. A feature that helps improve a situation. D. A type of insect that adapts well to change. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着气温上升和生物多样性压力增大，昆虫向高海拔迁移这一全球趋势，分析了研究中存在的问题，并提及不同昆虫对气候变化的适应情况。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Research shows many animals are making similar moves, but insects’ high levels of mobility and short generation times allow them to respond quickly to change. Bumblebees in the Pyrenees have moved upwards on average by more than a metre a year, with some species making significantly greater journeys. All of this shows the speed of climate change and its ecological impacts at higher altitudes. (研究表明，许多动物都在做出类似的迁移，但昆虫的高机动性和短代际时间使它们能够迅速对变化做出反应。比利牛斯山脉的大黄蜂平均每年向上迁移超过一米，一些物种的迁移距离明显更远。所有这些都显示了气候变化的速度及其在高海拔地区的生态影响。)”可知，提到比利牛斯山脉的大黄蜂的向上迁移是因为它们能反映气候变化的情况，是气候变化的一个有用指标。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“One thing that people don’t think about as much is context: how climate affects insects at different life stages, such as eggs and larvae. Measuring adults in summer might not reveal the most critical impacts of climate change, especially in cold and dry mountain environments. (人们不太考虑的一件事是背景：气候如何影响昆虫在不同生命阶段，如卵和幼虫。在夏天测量成虫可能无法揭示气候变化最关键的影响，尤其是在寒冷干燥的山区环境中。)”和第四段中“McCain believes the way data has been collected historically is preventing their understanding, with too many museum specimens from low altitudes, and far fewer from higher up. And many groups other than butterflies and moths have been neglected. (麦凯恩认为，历史上的数据收集方式阻碍了他们的理解，博物馆里来自低海拔地区的标本太多，而来自高海拔地区的标本太少。除了蝴蝶和飞蛾之外的许多类群都被忽视了。)”可知，麦凯恩认为在夏天测量成虫可能无法揭示气候变化最关键的影响，且来自低海拔地区的标本太多，所以昆虫样本不能很好地代表整体情况，缺乏全面性和代表性。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。第四段中“McCain believes the way data has been collected historically is preventing their understanding, with too many museum specimens (标本) from low altitudes, and far fewer from higher up. And many groups other than butterflies and moths (蛾) have been neglected. (麦凯恩认为，历史上收集数据的方式防碍了他们的理解，因为博物馆里有太多来自低海拔地区的标本，而来自高海拔地区的标本则少得多。而除了蝴蝶和飞蛾之外的许多类群都被忽视了。)”麦凯恩提出“在昆虫适应气候变化的相关研究中，除了蝴蝶和飞蛾之外的许多类群都被忽视了”这一观点，而第五段中“To support her view, she cites research on carrion beetles by a student in her lab. The study shows that climate tolerance might be passed down in these impacts, which play a key role in decomposition and protect them from extreme conditions. Their long history since the Cretaceous also aids their adaptation today. (为了支持她的观点，她引用了她实验室里一名学生对埋葬虫的研究。研究表明，在这些影响中，气候耐受性可能会遗传下来，这在分解过程中起着关键作用，并保护它们免受极端条件的影响。它们自白垩纪以来的悠久历史也有助于它们如今的适应。)”麦凯恩引用了对埋葬虫的研究来证明自己的观点，即提供关于昆虫适应气候变化的新领悟。故选D项。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。上文“There is no such thing as a standard insect or response to environmental change. For some groups, it might be a case of the bigger and more mobile they are, the better their chances. (没有一种标准的昆虫或对环境变化的标准反应。对于一些群体来说，可能是它们越大、越具移动性，生存机会就越好。)”说明昆虫适应环境变化的情况各不相同，接着“There is also no universal upland habitat and this too could prove a saving grace. (也没有通用的高地栖息地，这也可能被证明是一种……)”提到也没有通用的高地栖息地。鉴于昆虫适应环境存在困难的情况下，“this too could prove a saving grace”说明这种没有通用高地栖息地的情况反而可能成为帮助改善昆虫适应环境现状的一个因素。所以“a saving grace”指的是有助于改善现状的一个特征，与C项“A feature that helps improve a situation.”意思相近。故选C项。 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Today, community service often feels like something you have to do, not something you want to do. Schools require it for graduation, colleges ask about it in applications, and even employers increasingly inquire about it. This trend appears uplifting, because more volunteers mean stronger nonprofits. But I’ve realized there’s a problem: ____16____ I’ve encountered students who talk about volunteering like it’s a competition. They declare involvement with charity organizations proudly, only to reveal astonishing gaps when questioned further. “I did 100 hours,” one might say, yet struggles to explain the missions of the organizations. ____17____ When did helping others become about counting hours instead of making a difference? True service isn’t measured in hours or reduced to strategic career moves. ____18____ Imagine helping build a wheelchair ramp (坡道) for an elderly neighbor so they can leave their house. Or teaching math to kids who can’t afford tutors because you noticed they were struggling. At its core, meaningful service demands emotional investment — the willingness to center others’ wellbeing above personal gain. Reforming this system requires fundamentally rethinking how we evaluate commitment. Colleges and employers must shift from quantitative checkboxes to qualitative assessments. Instead of asking “How many hours did you serve?”, applications might inquire: “What social challenge moved you to act?” or “____19____” ____20____ Volunteer because it is the right thing to do as a human being. If we care more about why we help instead of how much we help, community service can become what it’s meant to be — people working together to make the world a little kinder, one small act at a time. A. It’s definitely about caring. B. This makes me really upset. C. Don’t volunteer because you have to. D. It is determined by who we offer help to. E. How did your service meet the needs of your community? F. How many times a year did you volunteer for charity work? G. When we treat kindness like an assignment, are we really being kind? 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. A 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了社区服务的现状和问题，并提出了一些改进的建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Today, community service often feels like something you have to do, not something you want to do. Schools require it for graduation, colleges ask about it in applications, and even employers increasingly inquire about it. This trend appears uplifting, because more volunteers mean stronger nonprofits.(如今，社区服务往往感觉是你必须做的事情，而不是你想做的事情。学校要求毕业时必须做，大学在申请时会问，甚至雇主也越来越多地询问。这一趋势看起来令人振奋，因为更多的志愿者意味着更强的非营利组织。)”和空前“But I’ve realized there’s a problem.(但是我意识到有一个问题。)”可知，上下文之间存在转折关系，且下文引出了问题，所以空白处应承接下文，指出问题所在。选项G“当我们把善良当作一项任务时，我们真的是在行善吗？”指出了把社区服务当作必须完成的任务这一问题，引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“They declare involvement with charity organizations proudly, only to reveal astonishing gaps when questioned further. “I did 100 hours,” one might say, yet struggles to explain the missions of the organizations.(他们自豪地宣称自己参与了慈善组织，但当被进一步询问时，却暴露出了惊人的差距。“我做了100个小时，”有人可能会说，但却难以解释这些组织的使命。)”可知，一些学生虽然参与了志愿服务，但却对志愿服务的组织和使命不了解，这让作者感到沮丧。选项B“这让我真的很沮丧”符合语境。故选B。 【18题详解】 根据上文“True service isn’t measured in hours or reduced to strategic career moves.(真正的服务不是以小时来衡量，也不是简化为战略性的职业变动。)”和下文“Imagine helping build a wheelchair ramp for an elderly neighbor so they can leave their house. Or teaching math to kids who can’t afford tutors because you noticed they were struggling. At its core, meaningful service demands emotional investment — the willingness to center others’ wellbeing above personal gain.(想象一下，帮助一位年长的邻居建造一个轮椅坡道，这样他们就可以离开自己的房子。或者因为你注意到孩子们在挣扎，就给那些请不起家教的孩子教数学。从根本上说，有意义的服务需要情感投入——愿意把他人的福祉置于个人利益之上。)”可知，真正的服务不在于时长，而在于对他人的关怀和帮助。选项A“这绝对是关于关怀”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Instead of asking “How many hours did you serve?”, applications might inquire: “What social challenge moved you to act?” or…(申请时，不要问“你服务了多少小时？”，而是可以问：“是什么社会挑战促使你采取行动？”或者……”。)”可知，此处列举了一些除了问志愿服务时长之外的问题，这些问题应更侧重于志愿服务的实质。选项E“你的服务是如何满足社区需求的？”是一个与志愿服务实质相关的问题，符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据下文“Volunteer because it is the right thing to do as a human being.(做志愿者是因为这是作为一个人应该做的事情。)”可知，做志愿者是出于本心，而不是因为必须去做。选项C“不要因为你必须去做而去做志愿者”引出下文，符合语境。故选C。 第二部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） For a few moments, the tourists thought they were about to witness something terrible. ____21____, they had a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to watch a whale baby emerge into the world. ____22____ into the blue waters just off the coast of Dana Point, California, people on a small boat spotted an adult whale swimming around. Then a pool of something ____23____ appeared to spread. “Many of us thought it may be a shark attack. But it was not. Instead of the ____24____ of life, it was the beginning of a new one!” one of them wrote online. “This is a ____25____ for all of us. We’ve never seen it happen before.” “The fact that you can see the blood means the ____26____ must have just come out. It isn’t something that is seen or ____27____ very often. In fact, I don’t know if there’re any other videos like that. They are extraordinarily ____28____,” said Schulman-Janiger, a biologist. “I ____29____ that I were there.” Schulman-Janiger admitted she’d never _____30_____ an actual birth. About nine years ago, she was just _____31_____ enough to spot a newborn whale less than an hour old. “Whales are born with soft fins (鳍) that take about 24 hours to become _____32_____. Until then, they can’t really swim and the mothers have to _____33_____ their babies so they can rest and breathe,” she continued. “Animals on land smell each other. But animals in _____34_____ can’t smell. So their skin is very sensitive. That’s why we can see the baby whale and its mother touch their faces _____35_____ in the posted videos.” 21 A. Instead B. Therefore C. Unfortunately D. Eventually 22. A. Diving B. Looking C. Turning D. Backing 23. A. blue B. green C. red D. black 24. A. chance B. cost C. protection D. end 25. A. loss B. first C. mistake D. punishment 26. A. baby B. family C. shark D. swimmer 27. A. ignored B. appreciated C. documented D. accepted 28. A. rare B. expensive C. dark D. terrible 29. A. regret B. forget C. remember D. wish 30. A. wanted B. witnessed C. investigated D. given 31. A. late B. brave C. lucky D. weak 32. A. delicious B. warm C. strong D. long 33. A. search for B. hold up C. follow up D. put down 34. A. water B. soil C. forest D. air 35. A. carelessly B. unfriendly C. secretly D. frequently 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在加利福尼亚达纳角海岸外的蓝色海水中，一艘小船上的人们目睹了一只成年鲸鱼在水中生产的经过，能目击到鲸鱼产子是非常罕见的事情。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们有一个千载难逢的机会来观看一个鲸鱼宝宝来到这个世界。A. Instead相反；B. Therefore因此；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Eventually最后。根据上文“For a few moments, the tourists thought they were about to witness something terrible.(有那么一会儿，游客们以为他们即将目睹可怕的事情)”可知，游客们没有看到可怕的事情，反而有机会观看一个鲸鱼宝宝来到这个世界。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在加利福尼亚达纳角海岸外的蓝色海水中，一艘小船上的人们发现一只成年鲸鱼在游泳。A. Diving潜水；B. Looking看；C. Turning转弯；D. Backing回去。根据后文“into the blue waters just off the coast of Dana Point”此处指人们看到了海岸外一只成年鲸鱼在游泳。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接着，一滩红色的东西似乎散开了。A. blue蓝色的；B. green绿色的；C. red红色的；D. black黑色的。根据后文“The fact that you can see the blood means”提到了血可知是红色的东西。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是生命的终结，而是新生命的开始！A. chance机会；B. cost花费；C. protection保护；D. end结束。根据上文“Many of us thought it may be a shark attack. But it was not.(我们中的许多人都认为这可能是鲨鱼袭击。但事实并非如此)”可知，以为是鲨鱼袭击了鲸鱼，所以是生命的结束，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这对我们所有人来说都是第一次。A. loss失去；B. first第一；C. mistake错误；D. punishment惩罚。根据后文“We've never seen it happen before.(我们以前从未见过这种情况)”可知，大家都是第一次见这种情况。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能看到血的事实意味着婴儿一定是刚刚出生的。A. baby婴儿；B. family家人；C. shark鲨鱼；D. swimmer游泳者。呼应上文“watch a whale baby emerge into the world”此处指鲸鱼宝宝。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不是经常看到或记录的东西。A. ignored忽视；B. appreciated感激；C. documented记录；D. accepted接受。根据后文“In fact, I don't know if there're any other videos like that.(事实上，我不知道还有没有其他类似的视频)”可知，此处指记录下这种事情的视频。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“它们非常罕见，”生物学家舒尔曼-贾尼格说。A. rare稀有的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. dark黑暗的；D. terrible糟糕的。根据上文“In fact, I don't know if there're any other videos like that.(事实上，我不知道还有没有其他类似的视频)”可知，并没有关于鲸鱼生产的视频记录，所以是罕见的。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真希望我在那里。A. regret后悔；B. forget忘记；C. remember记得；D. wish希望。根据后文“that I were there”可知这是一次罕见的事情，所以生物学家希望自己当时在场。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：舒尔曼-贾尼格承认她从未亲眼目睹过鲸鱼婴儿出生。A. wanted想要；B. witnessed目击；C. investigated调查；D. given给予。根据后文提到大约九年前，她很幸运地发现了一只出生不到一小时的新生鲸鱼，说明她从未亲眼目睹过鲸鱼婴儿出生。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约九年前，她很幸运地发现了一只出生不到一小时的新生鲸鱼。A. late迟的；B. brave勇敢的；C. lucky幸运的；D. weak虚弱的。根据后文“enough to spot a newborn whale less than an hour old”以及上文提到了这种事情很罕见，所以发现了一只出生不到一小时的新生鲸鱼也很幸运。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鲸鱼生来就有柔软的鳍，大约需要24小时才能变得强壮。A. delicious美味的；B. warm温暖的；C. strong强壮的；D. long长的。根据后文“they can't really swim and the mothers have to”可知，小鲸鱼刚出生很虚弱，大约需要24小时才能变得强壮。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“在那之前，它们还不能真正游泳，妈妈们不得不托起孩子休息和呼吸，”她继续说道。A. search for寻找；B. hold up举起；C. follow up跟进；D. put down放下。根据后文“their babies so they can rest and breathe”指鲸鱼妈妈要托起小鲸鱼休息和呼吸。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是水中的动物没有嗅觉。A. water水；B. soil土地；C. forest森林；D. air空气。根据上文“Animals on land smell each other. But animals in”中but表示转折，说明陆地上的动物可以闻气味，但是水里的动物没有嗅觉。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我们可以在发布的视频中看到小鲸鱼和它的妈妈经常触摸它们的脸。A. carelessly粗心地；B. unfriendly不友好的；C. secretly秘密地；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文“So their skin is very sensitive.(所以它们的皮肤非常敏感)”以及上文提到水里的动物没有嗅觉，可知，小鲸鱼需要和妈妈频繁触摸彼此来确认对方的位置，故选D。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During the recent National Day holiday, the Ailao Mountains, located in Southwest China’s Yunnan Province, became ___36___ unexpected sensation online. A viral video from a content creator, who adventured into the Ailao Mountains alone to gather materials, ___37___(showcase) the range’s mist-covered peaks, tranquil waters, and untamed wilderness. Attracted by the mystique, many tourists flocked to this once relatively unknown destination during the holiday. What was once a thinly ___38___(populate) “forbidden zone” quickly turned into a crowded “tourist spot”. Contrary to ___39___ some may think, the Ailao Mountains are a vast range instead of a single peak. ___40___(stretch) about 400 kilometers, it runs through central Yunnan, forming a natural boundary ___41___ the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Hengduan Mountains. While some parts have been developed into scenic areas, much of the Ailao Mountains remain untouched. According to veteran geologist Wang Yu, the mountain’s terrain is rugged (崎岖的), with steep vertical ___42___ (drop) and six different climate zones. “The complex climate, which ranges from tropical to alpine, makes it easy for weather ___43___(change) suddenly. Once you enter the dense forest, it’s easy to lose your way and encounter dangers like venomous snakes, leeches, and wild animals,” Wang warned. In 2021, the dangers of the region became ___44___ (tragic) evident when four professional geologists from the Kunming Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center of China Geological Survey went missing and were later found dead in the Ailao Mountains, the youngest of ____45____ was 25, and the oldest 32. While the allure of the Ailao Mountains’ wild beauty is undeniable, it’s crucial not to embark on such adventures without preparation! 【答案】36. an 37. showcased 38. populated 39. what 40. Stretching 41. between 42. drops 43. to change 44. tragically 45. whom 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了国庆假期期间，中国西南部云南省的哀牢山意外地在网上引起了轰动，成为了一个竟想不到的热门景点。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在最近的国庆假期期间，位于中国西南部云南省的哀牢山意外地在网上引起了轰动。 sensation在此句中作可数名词，意为“引起轰动的人或事”，表示泛指意义，且unexpected以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：一位内容创作者独自冒险进入哀牢山收集材料，他在视频中展示了该山脉薄雾笼罩的山峰、宁静的水域和原始的荒野。空处为主句谓语动词，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填showcased。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这个曾经人口稀少的“禁区”迅速变成了拥挤的“旅游景点”。此处修饰 forbidden zone，应用形容词 populated“有人口居住的”，作定语。故填populated。 【39题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：与一些人所想的相反，哀牢山是一个巨大的山脉，而不是一个单一的山峰。 Contrary to“与……相反”，to是介词，此处引导宾语从句，应用连接代词what，在从句中作think的宾语。故填what。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它绵延约400公里，贯穿云南中部，形成了云贵高原和横断山脉之间的自然边界。句子的谓语动词为runs through，空处为非谓语动词，it(指代哀牢山)与stretch为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。同时首字母要大写。故填Stretching。 【41题详解】 考查介词。意：它绵延约400公里，贯穿云南中部，形成了云贵高原和横断山脉之间的自然边界。固定短语between…and…“在……两者之间”。故填between。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：据资深地质学家王宇说，这座山地形崎岖，有陡峭的垂直落差和六个不同的气候带。此句中的 drop作可数名词，意为“落差”，前无限定词，应用名词复数，表泛指。故填drops。 43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从热带到高山的复杂气候，使天气很容易发生突然变化。分析句子可知，此处及物动词 make后it作形式宾语，不定式to change作真正的宾语。故填to change。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：2021年，中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心的四名专业地质学家失踪，后来被发现死于哀牢山，其中最小的25岁，最大的32岁，这一地区的危险变得非常明显。此处修饰形容词evident，应用副词tragically“极度，很”，作状语。故填tragically。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：2021年，中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心的四名专业地质学家失踪，后来被发现死于哀牢山，其中最小的25岁，最大的32岁，这一地区的危险变得非常明显。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词four professional geologists（指人），关系词替代先行词作of的宾语，应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英语报正在以“My Future Invention”为题进行征文，请你写一篇文章投稿，描述你的未来发明。内容包括： 1. 物品的独特设计； 2. 物品的用途。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右。 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 My Future Invention ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My Future Invention In the future, I would like to invent a revolutionary piece of clothing that can maintain a constant temperature. The special clothing will have built-in sensors to feel the external temperature. Then, the heating or cooling devices inside will work automatically to maintain a pleasant temperature for wearers. The uses of this invention are numerous. Firstly, people living in regions with extreme climates will no longer suffer from the intense heat or bitter cold when going about their daily activities. Secondly, vulnerable patients can also use it as a means of safeguarding themselves. Hopefully, my future invention will enhance the overall well-being of individuals. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“My Future Invention”为题写一篇征文，给英语报投稿，描述未来的发明。 【详解】1.词汇积累 保持：maintain→keep 许多的：numerous→multiple 不再：no longer→no more 方法：means→way 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The special clothing will have built-in sensors to feel the external temperature.  拓展句：The special clothing will have built-in sensors which can feel the external temperature.  【点睛】【高分句型1】In the future, I would like to invent a revolutionary piece of clothing that can maintain a constant temperature. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】 Firstly, people living in regions with extreme climates will no longer suffer from the intense heat or bitter cold when going about their daily activities. (运用了现在分词作后置定语和when引导状语从句的省略) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a sunny Saturday morning, and Jake had just put on his sneakers when his phone buzzed. It was a message from Ryan: “Meet at the park in 15 minutes?” Jake smiled. It had been a long week of school, and he couldn’t wait to play basketball with his friends. Just as he was heading out, his mom called from the kitchen. “Jake! Come back! I need your help with the storage room.” “But Mom, I told Ryan I’d meet him at the park,” Jake protested. “We talked about this. Grandma is moving in this weekend, so we need to clean out the storage room to make space for her.” “Grandma?” Jake thought, the word feeling almost foreign on his tongue. He didn’t even know her that well — it had been years since she last visited, and now she was moving in? He couldn’t believe he had to give up his Saturday for someone he barely knew. With complaints and sighs, he kicked at the floor as he trudged down the hallway, dragging his feet like they weighed a ton. Stepping into the storage room, his nose wrinkled in disgust. The place was a disaster. Spiderwebs drooped from every corner, and dust swirled in the sunlight like dirty smoke. Boxes teetered in unstable stacks, a rolled-up carpet with worn edges lay half-spilled across the floor, and forgotten junk crowded every inch. Jake let out a long, dramatic sigh — this job was going to take forever. Just as he was about to give up and sneak a text to Ryan, a faded blue album tucked at the bottom of the suitcase caught his eye. Faint words were etched on its leather cover: Stories with Jake (To Be Continued…). He pulled it out and flipped it open—the pages were filled with moments of him and his grandmother. On the very first page was a photo — On the very first page was a photo: his grandmother, much younger then, cradling a tiny baby wrapped in a soft blanket. At the bottom of the photo he saw some words in careful handwriting: “Glad to meet you, baby Jake.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右 (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: As he flipped through more photos, his eyes began to mist. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Next morning, when his grandmother stepped into her new room, Jake handed her the album. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As he flipped through more photos, Jake’s eyes began to mist. There were pictures of him as a baby, always in his grandmother’s arms — smiling, feeding him, helping him take his first steps. He hadn’t remembered any of it, but the photos told a story of love and time shared. His anger from earlier now felt silly. Taking a deep breath, he set the album aside and got to work. He rolled up the old carpet, stacked boxes neatly, and swept the floor, stirring up clouds of dust. Spiderwebs clung to his sleeves, but he didn’t stop. The room slowly changed from a forgotten mess to a clean, welcoming space. As sunlight streamed in, Jake looked around and smiled. Maybe this wasn’t such a bad way to spend a Saturday. Next morning, when his grandmother stepped into her new room, Jake handed her the album. She blinked in surprise, then smiled softly as she ran her fingers over the worn cover. “You found this?” she asked. Jake nodded.” I didn’t know we had so many memories.” They sat together on the edge of the bed, flipping through the pages. She laughed at some photos, explained others, and paused with misty eyes at a few. When they reached the last page, Jake grinned. “Let’s add a new one.” He grabbed his phone, held it out, and the two leaned in close. “Say cheese!” Click. A fresh photo joined the album—Jake and his grandmother, smiling side by side, ready to continue their story together. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了Jake原本计划周六和朋友打篮球，但被妈妈要求帮忙清理储藏室以迎接即将搬来的奶奶的故事。在清理过程中，Jake发现了一本记录了他和奶奶过去时光的相册，这让他对奶奶产生了新的认识。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当他翻看更多照片时，他的眼睛开始湿润了。”可知，第一段可描写Jake在翻看相册时，看到了自己和奶奶过去的照片，感受到了奶奶的爱，从而改变了之前对奶奶搬来的不满态度，开始认真清理储藏室。 ②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上，当他的奶奶走进她的新房间时，Jake把相册递给了她。”可知，第二段可描写Jake把相册送给奶奶，两人一起翻看相册，回忆过去，并决定一起继续他们的故事，拍了一张新的照片加入相册。 2.续写线索：发现相册——翻看照片——感受奶奶的爱——改变态度——认真清理——奶奶走进房间——把相册送给奶奶——一起翻看——决定继续故事——拍摄新照片 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①开始工作：get to work/start working ②深呼吸：take a deep breath/inhale deeply ③放置：set aside/put aside/place aside 情绪类 ①生气：anger/rage ②惊讶地：in surprise/in amazement 【点睛】【高分句型1】She blinked in surprise, then smiled softly as she ran her fingers over the worn cover.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】When they reached the last page, Jake grinned.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $