河南省平顶山市等3地2024-2025学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

高一英语试卷（不含听力） （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A The National Gallery Discover the collection The National Gallery displays one of the finest and most comprehensive collections of European painting. It includes many famous works, such as Van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait, Velazquez's Rokeby Venus, Turner's Fighting Temeraire and Van Gogh's Sunflowers. All major traditions of Western European painting are represented from the artists of late medieval and Renaissance Italy to the French Impressionists. This plan will help you to explore the collection. You may wish to start by finding one of the famous paintings illustrated overleaf. You can also plan your route using the ArtStart touch - screen guides. Free guided tours and a variety of audio guides are available. For further information, ask at Information Desks or pick up the What's On and Book Now guides for full details of talks, tours and family events. A public collection The paintings in the National Gallery belong to the public and entrance to see them is free. The Gallery was founded in 1824, but it did not acquire its current home, designed by William Wilkins, until 1838. The site in Trafalgar Square was chosen for its central location, accessible to both the rich of West London and the poorer communities of the East End. The building has been extended and improved over the years, most notably in 1991 with the opening of the Sainsbury Wing, designed by Venturi, Scott Brown & Associates. The Gallery continues to ensure that the widest possible public can enjoy the paintings. If you do not wish to keep this plan, please return it to an Information Desk for recycling. 21. How can visitors find the illustrated painting Sunflowers? A. Ask for an audio guide. B. Read Book Now guides. C. Search it on the back of the plan. D. Use the ArtStart touch - screen guides. 22. What can be learned about the National Gallery building? A. It has been expanded over time. B. It was designed by Venturi alone. C. Wilkins designed the Sainsbury Wing. D. Its current form was completed in 1824. 23. Where is the text most likely from? A. A personal diary. B. A travel website. C. A science magazine. D. A museum leaflet. B The conflict between Harvard University and the US government regarding the ban on international students has drawn global attention. The US government’s sudden decision to prohibit international students from studying at Harvard has sent shockwaves through the educational world. One of the main reasons the US government gave for the ban was national security threats allegedly posed by international students. However, Harvard has vehemently refuted this claim. The university emphasizes that international students have always abided by US laws and regulations and have made positive contributions to the academic and social life on campus. For instance, many international students actively participate in community service activities organized by the university, promoting cultural exchange and understanding. In addition, Harvard highlights that the ban will have a negative impact on the entire US higher-education system. International students contribute not only to the academic diversity but also to the economic development of the country. They pay tuition fees, which support the operation of universities and create job opportunities. Moreover, the knowledge and skills they acquire in the US may lead to future cooperation and exchanges between different countries. The lawsuit filed by Harvard is not just for its own sake but also for the principle of fairness and the future of international education in the US. The university hopes that the court will carefully consider the case and make a just decision that respects the rights of international students and the freedom of academic exchange. 24. What was the reaction of the educational world to the US government’s ban on international students at Harvard? A. They were happy about it. B. They paid little attention to it. C. They were shocked. D. They supported the US government. 25. Why did the US government ban international students according to the passage? A. Because international students caused economic problems. B. Because international students were considered a national security threat. C. Because international students didn’t like American culture. D. Because international students didn’t get along well with American students. 26. What positive contributions do international students make according to Harvard? A. They only bring economic benefits. B. They participate in community service and promote cultural exchange. C. They help the US government solve national security problems. D. They make American students more competitive. 27. What is the significance of Harvard’s lawsuit? A. It is only for the university’s own interests. B. It is for the principle of fairness and the future of international education in the US. C. It is to show the university’s power. D. It is to make the US government change its attitude towards Harvard. C On the top floor of a workshop in Athens, Greece, a team of artists are busy creating faithful copies of the famous statue of Alexander the Great and the Venus de Milo. “Our work mostly ends up at gift shops around the world. Museums also ask us to make copies of artworks. Prices start at $24 for a small Venus statue and go as high as $11,560 for a faithful copy of it.” says Maria Zafeiri, an artist at the workshop for 30 years. “It’s exciting when our statues end up in a museum and thousands of eyes admire them. They bring even more visitors to Greece.” Making copies of ancient Greek statues isn’t new. Researchers and artists began reproducing ancient Greek sculptures shortly after the National Archaeological Museum in Athens opened in 1829. “The first copies were not for commercial reasons, but for scientific ones. Scholars wanted to study the ancients.” says Maria Zafeiri. “Later, everyone wanted statues in their house, above the fireplace. They were in all European living rooms.” Some copies of ancient statues were terrible, but other reproductions were so faithful that they ended up in places like the Getty Museum in Los Angeles. In 2018, the museum determined its famous Kouros statue—supposed to date from 650 to 480 BC and bought for $6 million—was probably a forgery (赝品), and removed it from view. “There are methods to fool the experts.” Maria Zafeiri says. “Such forgeries create a false image of Greek culture and mislead researchers.” But aren’t Maria Zafeiri and her workshop also producing forgeries? “I think the difference between a forgery and a reproduction is the intention. There are reproductions of designer bags, but that becomes forgeries when the reproducer says they’re real.” says Maria Zafeiri. “Our shop just feeds the desire of travelers to own something lovely to pack up or ship home. A good reproduction can extend your trip. It’s similar to a photograph of yourself while on vacation, it brings you back to that beautiful day at the Acropolis.” 28. How does Maria Zafeiri most probably feel about her work? A. Ashamed. B. Proud. C. Bored. D. Dissatisfied. 29. Who were the targeted customers of the reproduced ancient Greek statues in the 1830s? A. Researchers. B. Businessmen. C. Souvenir seekers. D. Treasure hunters. 30. What can be inferred about the Kouros statue bought by the Getty Museum? A. The reproduction was worth the money. B. The museum had a lot of such forgeries. C. It was probably from a skilled artist. D. It was created between 650 and 480 BC. 31. What sets a forgery apart from a reproduction according to Maria Zafeiri? A. The price. B. The material. C. The quality. D. The purpose. D Bacteria (细菌) know how to rough it out all over the earth. Ask most of them where they’d truly prefer to settle through, and a kitchen sponge (海绵) would probably top the list. Yes, it turns out that the very tool we use to clean our plates, which is warm, damp, and full of nutritious food pieces, is packed of tiny life. Lingchong You, a biologist at Duke University, along with his team, used computers to model the complex environment of a sponge for a 2022 study. He found that sponges featuring pockets of varying sizes are something that really matters for promoting bacterial growth. This holds significance as certain bacteria tend to grow independently while others demand the companionship of others. Within a sponge filled with holes and pockets, there exist such an abundance of diverse structures that everyone attains a state of satisfaction. Nevertheless, it does not necessarily follow that these tools present a health risk to us as well. Bacteria exist everywhere and not all are harmful; in fact, many perform vital jobs. The important question is, therefore, are the bacteria found in sponges even worth worrying about? In 2017, Jennifer Quinlan, a professor of food safety, and her colleagues, collected kitchen sponges from 100 homes, finding that only 1 – 2% of those sponges contained bacteria linked to food poisoning in humans and the ones that did contained only small amounts of harmful bacteria. “The vast majority of bacteria on sponges do not cause illness, and they’re just going to make them smell.” says Quinlan. “Having said that, there is a possibility that if you use a sponge to wipe up raw meat that you could have some of those disease-causing bacteria on there, and studies have found that those bacteria can be separated from kitchen sponges.” This is not the whole story yet. If dangerous bacteria happen to arrive on the scene, the sponge’s special make-up makes it an ideal place for them to grow and multiply. And there’s evidence this is the case. 32. What can we learn from the first paragraph? A Sponges are perfect tools in the kitchen. B. Bacteria prefer to live in dry environment. C. Kitchen sponges are good home for bacteria. D. Bacteria affect kitchen sponges’ performance. 33. What did Lingchong You find in his study? A. How sponges are exactly structured. B. What encourages bacterial growth. C. How bacteria react to the environment. D. Why bacteria keep company with each other. 34. What does Quinlan think of bacteria on sponges? A. Relatively harmless. B. Poorly adaptive, C. Surprisingly unpleasant. D. Widely distributed. 35. What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph? A. Proofs of bacterial threat. B. The classification of bacteria. C. Methods to control bacterial growth. D. Research into applications of bacteria. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Generally, most of us rely on forecasts (预报) to tell us what kind of weather to expect. ____36____ Not only can predicting (预测) the weather be a fun hobby, it can also be a useful skill if you enjoy outdoor activities, such as hiking or camping. By learning what to look for, you can predict the weather without a forecast or technological device. Determine the direction of the wind. Wind direction helps determine upcoming weather. Since weather moves in from the west, westerly winds indicate good weather because they suggest the bad weather is already to your east. Easterly winds suggest that the bad weather is coming toward you. You can use grass or leaves to determine the direction of the wind.___37____ Watch smoke from a fire. The air pressure determines what direction the smoke will go. In high pressure, the smoke will go directly up into the air. ____38____ When smoke circles downwards, it means that bad weather is very close. ___39____ Before a storm, the low-pressure system can push out the area’s normal wind patterns. This creates a temporary calm before the storm begins. You’ll notice a lack of wind, which creates stillness over the area. If you’re near water, it will be calm and still, as well. This calm indicates a coming storm. Check for humidity (湿度). High humidity often comes before a storm, so watch for signs of high humidity, such as frizzy hair, curling leaves, and swollen wood. ___40____ of you live in an area that always has high humidity, rely on other observations to predict the weather. A. Watch for calm conditions. B. Keep an eye out for low pressure. C. These signs can tell you that a storm is on the way. D. If the pressure is low, it will circle back down around the fire. E. Current weather forecasts can predict the weather for more than 30 days. F. Throw your grass or leaves into the wind and watch the way that it blows or falls. G. However, it is possible to predict the weather using your skills of observation and knowledge. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you seen people who take pictures of food for more than 10 minutes before__41__ ? My friend Stella is such an example. Every time we went to a restaurant, she would not take a bite until all the dishes we __42___were on the table. Then she would spend five minutes in___43__ the dishes in a seemingly casual but in fact___44___order. Next is the most important part: taking pictures. After that, she would choose one of the___45___and click on the BeautyCam (美颜相机). The food eventually looked 10 times more delicious than it really was, but we had no ___46___ to really enjoy it—it all went cold. Actually Stella’s real life is much less elegant (优雅的). For example, she hates to wash the dishes, so she leaves them in the sink for days. Many people care too much about others’ opinions and try too hard to__47___others. They find it difficult to be___48__and to accept their true self, and thus they are afraid to show their __49____life on social media. What they are trying to prove is ___50____ what they lack in reality. But this will not bring any__51____ to reality, as they still _52___ the same old pattern of life. If they really want an elegant life, they should put more effort into achieving it___53____ faking it. Being more confident, ___54___ themselves and trying their best to be better are much more meaningful than __55___ their life on social media. 41．A．delivering B．cooking C．serving D．dining 42．A．ordered B．enjoyed C．offered D．prepared 43．A．freezing B．washing C．setting D．collecting 44．A．usual B．arranged C．ordinary D．familiar 45．A．dishes B．restaurants C．tables D．pictures 46．A．chance B．choice C．excuse D．reason 47．A．comfort B．please C．inspire D．distance 48．A．independent B．generous C．responsible D．confident 49．A．real B．secret C．peaceful D．healthy 50．A．rarely B．hardly C．exactly D．nearly 51．A．difficulty B．change C．guidance D．harm 52．A．explore B．dislike C．doubt D．follow 53．A．other than B．more than C．rather than D．less than 54．A．identifying B．accepting C．persuading D．amusing 55．A．simplifying B．ruining C．beautifying D．worsening 第二节 短文填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The over-21-kilometer half marathon course struck a perfect balance：challenging yet doable for runners of all levels. There were machine competitors 56 (compete) in the world's first humanoid robot half marathon, held in the Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area (BDA) in the southeast of the city. 57 silicon racers would soon compete on the same physical route as human runners, though on separate tracks. "Think of it 58 a car rally (汽车拉力赛) for robots," said Liang Liang, deputy director of the BDA management committee. The rules of the humanoid robot half marathon were closely like 59 of a car rally, Liang noted. Teams combined AI autonomy with human oversight, dealing with 60 (challenge) no machine had quite faced before：uneven pavements, communication drops 61 the unpredictability of the outdoors. "The event 62 (serve) as a testing and demonstration platform, but more importantly, as a space for 63 (develop), enthusiasts and companies to exchange ideas," Liang said. At the Beijing E-Town half marathon, the Tien Kung Ultra robot developed by the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center crossed the finish line in just 2 hours and 40 minutes. Noetix's N2 came in second, while a robot designed by Shanghai-based firm DroidUp 64 (secure) third place. Isn't the organizers' motto, "To compete is victory, to finish is glory," 65 (fill) with Akhwari's story? Every small step these robots took on the marathon course represented a giant leap for China's technological breakthroughs. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 (满分15分) 66. 假设你是李华，你从互联网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡（Singapore）举办夏令营，并且该组织欢迎各国学生参加。请你写一封电子邮件申请参加。 内容主要包括:1.自我介绍（包括英语能力）； 2.参加意图（介绍中国、了解其他国家）； 3.希望获准参加。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.开头及结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam, I'm Li Hua, a high school student from China. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （满分 25 分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Johnny, a 17-year-old from Whitehorse, had been competing in Cross-Country Skiing for five years. For many young athletes like him in Whitehorse, Yukon, the Yukon Cross-Country Ski Championships were more than just a competition. It was their dream. A year ago, Johnny qualified for the Championships and successfully won a medal. After the competition, Johnny was eager to share his experience with Hayden, his teammate and best friend. Hayden had narrowly missed qualifying for the Championships. Johnny had watched his friend train tirelessly, push himself to the limit, and always keep his big smile. Johnny knew how much the Championships meant to Hayden. Johnny handed Hayden some colorful pins. “These are pins I traded with athletes from all over Yukon,” Johnny said with a smile, “I want you to have them, so you can feel a part of the event too.” Hayden was touched, “Thanks, Johnny. This means a lot.” “Next time,” Johnny continued, “I hope you can also experience the event. I know you’ll make it.” Hayden nodded, “I’ll work even harder for that.” This year’s Yukon Cross-Country Ski Championships would be held in a month. Coach Nick guided the team through daily tough training and the team made significant progress in their skating, cornering, and downhill techniques. Meanwhile, they enhanced their endurance and balance. Both Johnny and Hayden met the Championship standards. Given Johnny’s rich competitive experience. Coach Nick once again qualified Johnny for this year’s event and Hayden was selected as an alternate (替补). The qualification for the competition excited Johnny, but there was always an idea staying in his mind. Johnny knew his friend had been wanting to go to the Championships for several years. This was the last chance for both of them to attend the Championships, as they would age out of the competition after this year. The thought became clear in his mind, strong and steady. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next day, Johnny went to see the coach. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hayden accepted the precious chance to compete in the Championships. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 21-23 CAD 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. B 【答案】28. B 2 9. A 30. C 31. D 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. A 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 【36~40题答案】 【答案】36. G 37. F 38. D 39. A 40. C 完型 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 41．D 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．C 51．B 52．D 53．C 54．B 55．C 第二节 短文填空（共 10 小题：每小题 1 ’ 5 分，满分 15 分） 56 ’ competing 57 ’ The 58 ’ as 59 ’ those 60 ’ challenges 61 ’ and 62 ’ serves 63 ’ developers 64 ’ secured 65 ’ filled 66【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I'm Li Hua, a high school student from China. I have read the announcement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it. I know that you welcome students from different countries and I'd like to take part in it. I've been learning English for 10 years, and I can speak English fluently. What's more, I'll be able to tell students from other countries about China and learn about their countries as well. I hope I will be accepted as a member of your summer camp. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 67【答案】The next day, Johnny went to see the coach. He told the coach that he wanted to give his qualification to Hayden. Johnny explained that this was the last chance for both of them to attend the Championships, and Hayden had been longing for it for years. He believed Hayden deserved this opportunity as he had trained so hard. The coach was moved by Johnny’s selfless act. After considering Johnny’s request carefully, the coach agreed to let Hayden take Johnny’s place. Hayden accepted the precious chance to compete in the Championships. He was extremely grateful to Johnny. He knew this was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, and he didn’t want to let Johnny down. In the following days, Hayden trained even harder. When the Championships finally arrived, he gave it his all. Although the competition was tough, Hayden’s determination and hard-work paid off. He performed well and achieved a great result, making both Johnny and himself proud. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了来自Whitehorse的17岁少年Johnny在越野滑雪比赛中的经历，以及他为了好友Hayden能够参加梦寐以求的Yukon Cross-Country Ski Championships，主动放弃自己的参赛资格，将机会让给Hayden的感人故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天，Johnny去见了教练。”以及第二段首句内容“Hayden接受了这个宝贵的参加锦标赛的机会。”可知，第一段可描写Johnny找到教练，提出将自己的参赛机会给了Hayden。 ②由第二段首句内容“Hayden接受了这个宝贵的参加锦标赛的机会。”可知，第二段可描写Hayden非常感激Johnny，同时在锦标赛中取得了优异的成绩。 2.续写线索：Johnny找到教练，提出将自己的参赛资格给Hayden——因为这是他们俩参加锦标赛的最后机会——他知道Hayden非常想要参加锦标赛——教练仔细考虑之后，同意了Johnny的提议——Hayden接受了这个机会，非常感激Johnny——于是，他刻苦训练——后来，Hayden的努力终于有了回报，他在锦标赛中取得了优异的成绩 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①想要：want/would like ②渴望得到：long for/desire for ③考虑：consider/take…into consideration 情绪类 ①感动的：moved/touched ②感激的：grateful/thankful 【点睛】【高分句型1】He told the coach that he wanted to give his qualification to Hayden.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】He believed Hayden deserved this opportunity as he had trained so hard.（运用了省略that的宾语从句和as引导的状语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$