Unit 1 Growing up（重难词汇精练）英语外研版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 Growing up重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用 2 题型四、单句语法填空 2 题型五、单词拼写 4 题型六、完成句子 4 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一、语篇语法填空 5 题型二、应用文写作 5 题型一、词性转换 1．___________ n．成年→___________ n．成年人　adj.成年的 2．___________ n．选举→___________v．选举 3．___________ adj.合法的→___________adj.违法的，非法的→___________adv.非法地 4．___________adv.立即，马上　conj.一……就……→___________adj.即食的，方便的；立刻的 5．___________adj.逐渐的，逐步的→___________adv.渐渐地，逐渐地 6．___________adj.自私的→___________ adj.无私的 7．___________v．赞成，同意；批准→___________n．赞成；批准，通过 8．___________n．图书馆管理员→___________n．图书馆 9．___________n．投入，花费；承诺→___________v．犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证 10．___________adj.合适的→___________v．适合　n．套装，西装 11．___________adj.各种各样的→___________n．(同一事物的)不同种类；多种式样→___________adj.各种各样的→___________v．改变，变化 12．___________n．消化(过程)→___________v．消化(食物)；领会 13．___________adj.烦人的，令人厌烦的→___________adj.让人疲劳的，累人的→___________v．(使)疲劳→___________adj.疲劳的 14．___________n．结果，后果→___________adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→___________adv.所以，因此 15．___________n．政治→___________adj.政治的 16．___________n．证据→___________adj.清楚的；显然的→___________adv.明显地 17．___________n．结论→___________v．推论，推断 题型二、核心短语 1. ____________________ 对……有发言权 2. ____________________ 在驾驶汽车 3. ____________________ 对……负责 4. ____________________ 无疑地；很可能地 5. ____________________ 诱使某人做某事 6. ____________________ 正做……的过程中 7. ____________________ 思考，考虑，沉思 8. ____________________ 搁置；储蓄；留存 9. ____________________ 致力于；献身于 10. ____________________ 一瞥；看一眼 11. ____________________ 把……和……区分 12. ____________________ 关心，从事于，担心，挂念 13. ____________________ 就在眼前；在附近 14. ____________________ 很高兴做某事 题型三、一词多用 approve 1. I told my mother I wanted to leave school and she ____________ (approve). 2. I have to inform you that we can not approve ____________ it. 3. The course is approved ____________ the Department for Education. 4. I really hope my application can meet with your ____________ (approve). commitment 1. They made ____________ commitment to peace. 2. A career as an actor requires one hundred per cent ____________ (commitment). 3. Achieving success at this level requires a commitment ____________ time and energy. 题型四、单句语法填空 1．The question asked by the students was difficult _________ (handle). 2．He didn’t attend the meeting. That’s________ he had an urgent thing to deal with. 3．We had to face up to a number of seemingly_________ (contradict) concerns. 4．Lost in despair, the fellow didn’t know how_________ (handle) the embarrassing situation. 5．All the people, men and women, young and old, were fighting against the flood in _________ (defend) of their own homes. 6．The risk of _________ (infect) is much higher among children. 7．The blood on his shoes was a _________ (prove) of his guilt. 8．The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite_________ (prove). 9．These cattle are one of the_________ (pure) breeds in Britain. 10．_________ (initial), I thought I would only stay there for a year. 11．Objective assessment of the _________ (severe) of the problem was difficult. 12．The children were having fun, chasing each other’s________(shadow). 13．Over the past decades, sea ice________(decrease)in the Arctic as a result of global warming. 14．They help the body defend itself against some kinds of_________ (infect). 15．The past few months have seen Shantou _________ (transform) into a cleaner and more beautiful city. 16．A war ________ (break) out in the country many years ago. 17．The country had undergone a complete_________ (transform) in the past several decades. 18．Two__________(suspect)were arrested today in connection with the robbery. 19．He__________(suspect) of selling state secrets and arrested last month. 20．The___________（infect）seems quite mild, so she should be better soon. 21．Only a minority of the people subscribe ________ the suggestion that the tournament should be delayed. 22．Likewise, the ________(intervene) of mankind led to the chaos in ecology. 23．He made a long speech _____________ (defend) his views from objections. 24．They walked with their arms____________(link). 25．Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely __________(recover) at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 26．We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that is ________ (blame) for their son’s bad performance at school. 27．The hydrothermal vents form in volcanic ally active areas, _________ (pour) mineral-rich fluids into the sea. 28．His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching ________(assist) in class whose creativity would infect (感染) other students. 29．For the past five years the man has been employed as a shop________ (assist). 30．Thanks _________the Silence Machine, a British invention,you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. 31．As your ________ , I am responsible for  ________you in preparing the experiment.(assistance) 32．They have gathered the best__________ (statistic) they can find and run them through their own computers. 33．Ade and Brooks exchanged blows yesterday and they were __________ (severe) punished today. 34．China’s image is improving _________ (steady), with more countries recognizing its role in international affairs. 35．Frank Hurley, a confident and _________（gift）Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published. 36．That hotel doesn’t rate five stars _________all. 37．The more experienced you are, the easier it is to find fault _________other people's ideas. 38．Apart _________some spelling mistakes, the composition is fairly good. 39．Man is the only creature that is gifted _________speech. 40．He was charged _________murder and sentenced to death. 题型五、单词拼写 1.Itis a widely held belief that honesty and _________ (正直) are the qualities that a leader should be made of. 2.Kids make a person responsible and _________ (成熟的) and help us to understand life better . 3.Our teacher told us two moving stories, which showed a thankful heart is the greatest _________ (美德). 4.Dressing is a task which we do every day as a matter of _________ (惯例). 5.One of Leonardo da Vinci's most famous _________ (杰作)is Mona Lisa. 6 It was a wonderful occasion which we will_________ (珍视) for many years to come. 7.The coffee was almost too hot to _________ (吞咽) and made him choke for a moment. 8 After the operation you may find it difficult to _________ (咀嚼) and drink,you should allow a little time after a meal for the food to _________ (消化). 10.If climate changes continue , we will suffer many _________ (后果). 题型六、完成句子 1. He drinks what is left in his glass___________________. 他把杯子里剩下的东西当水一样全喝下去。 2__________________, but I don't know how. 我的确想改变这种现状，但我不知道该如何做。 3. We all have no opinion of the way___________________. 我们都认为他解决问题的方法不行。 4. The teacher spoke fast_____________________. 老师说得太快以至于我听不懂。 5. Before driving into the city, you are required to ______________. 在开车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （2024-2025学年高二下期末·吉林省白山市抚松县第一中学）China’s traditional tea-making techniques and the _____1_____ (associate) social practices successfully became UNESCO’s intangible (无形的) cultural heritage. “Stove-boiled tea”, a new way of drinking tea, ____2____ (become) popular in China recently. Usually, people roast tea leaves ____3____ (light) before storing them, sometimes add rosebuds or sweet-scented Osmanthus (桂花), and put them in a pot over charcoal-filled stove. The art of boiling tea is a time-consuming process ____4____ requires constant attention to the temperature in order to properly “cook” it. It’s such ____5____ pleasure to chat with friends while having this new style of tea. People sit around the stove and have snacks such as fruits, nuts in the desert with their hot tea. Some also post their moments of stove-boiled tea on the internet while wearing ____6____ (tradition) hanfu in some ancient tea houses. “Stove-boiled tea” is also a latest “Guo Chao” or “National Trend” to mix Chinese cultural ____7____ (element) with people’s daily lives. Similar ____8____ other trends such as cycling and camping, “stove-boiled tea” reflects young people’s desire ____9____ (escape) from cities in order to embrace nature. You may have heard of latte art, but have you heard of a similar art in a cup of tea? Apart from “the stove-boiled tea”, Dian Cha is also a tea art from the Song Dynasty. During the Dian Cha making process, the froth and tea paste act like paper and ink, _____10_____ (allow) artists to create delicate patterns. 题型二、应用文写作 （2024-2025高二下开学考·河北名校大联考）假定你是李华，最近你校英文报计划增设一个“School Life”的新版块，需要刊登一些记录同学们的校园生活的文章。请你给交换生Alex写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 增设目的； 2. 约稿要求； 3. 鼓励他投稿。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alex, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 5 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Growing up重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用 3 题型四、单句语法填空 4 题型五、单词拼写 9 题型六、完成句子 10 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一、语篇语法填空 11 题型二、应用文写作 13 题型一、词性转换 1．___________ n．成年→___________ n．成年人　adj.成年的 2．___________ n．选举→___________v．选举 3．___________ adj.合法的→___________adj.违法的，非法的→___________adv.非法地 4．___________adv.立即，马上　conj.一……就……→___________adj.即食的，方便的；立刻的 5．___________adj.逐渐的，逐步的→___________adv.渐渐地，逐渐地 6．___________adj.自私的→___________ adj.无私的 7．___________v．赞成，同意；批准→___________n．赞成；批准，通过 8．___________n．图书馆管理员→___________n．图书馆 9．___________n．投入，花费；承诺→___________v．犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证 10．___________adj.合适的→___________v．适合　n．套装，西装 11．___________adj.各种各样的→___________n．(同一事物的)不同种类；多种式样→___________adj.各种各样的→___________v．改变，变化 12．___________n．消化(过程)→___________v．消化(食物)；领会 13．___________adj.烦人的，令人厌烦的→___________adj.让人疲劳的，累人的→___________v．(使)疲劳→___________adj.疲劳的 14．___________n．结果，后果→___________adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→___________adv.所以，因此 15．___________n．政治→___________adj.政治的 16．___________n．证据→___________adj.清楚的；显然的→___________adv.明显地 17．___________n．结论→___________v．推论，推断 【答案】 1．adulthood n．成年→adult n．成年人　adj.成年的 2．election n．选举→elect v．选举 3．legal adj.合法的→illegal adj.违法的，非法的→illegally adv.非法地 4．instantly adv.立即，马上　conj.一……就……→instant adj.即食的，方便的；立刻的 5．gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的→gradually adv.渐渐地，逐渐地 6．selfish adj.自私的→unselfish/selfless adj.无私的 7．approve v．赞成，同意；批准→approval n．赞成；批准，通过 8．librarian n．图书馆管理员→library n．图书馆 9．commitment n．投入，花费；承诺→commit v．犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证 10．suitable adj.合适的→suit v．适合　n．套装，西装 11．varied adj.各种各样的→variety n．(同一事物的)不同种类；多种式样→various adj.各种各样的→vary v．改变，变化 12．digestion n．消化(过程)→digest v．消化(食物)；领会 13．tiresome adj.烦人的，令人厌烦的→tiring adj.让人疲劳的，累人的→tire v．(使)疲劳→tired adj.疲劳的 14．consequence n．结果，后果→consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv.所以，因此 15．politics n．政治→political adj.政治的 16．evidence n．证据→evident adj.清楚的；显然的→evidently adv.明显地 17．conclusion n．结论→conclude v．推论，推断 题型二、核心短语 1. ____________________ 对……有发言权 2. ____________________ 在驾驶汽车 3. ____________________ 对……负责 4. ____________________ 无疑地；很可能地 5. ____________________ 诱使某人做某事 6. ____________________ 正做……的过程中 7. ____________________ 思考，考虑，沉思 8. ____________________ 搁置；储蓄；留存 9. ____________________ 致力于；献身于 10. ____________________ 一瞥；看一眼 11. ____________________ 把……和……区分 12. ____________________ 关心，从事于，担心，挂念 13. ____________________ 就在眼前；在附近 14. ____________________ 很高兴做某事 【答案】 1.have a say on… 对……有发言权 2.behind the wheel 在驾驶汽车 3.take responsibility for 对……负责 4.no doubt 无疑地；很可能地 5.tempt somebody to do 诱使某人做某事 6.in the act of 正做……的过程中 7.ponder over 思考，考虑，沉思 8.lay aside 搁置；储蓄；留存 9.devote oneself to 致力于；献身于 10.at a glance 一瞥；看一眼 11.distinguish… from… 把……和……区分 12.be concerned with 关心，从事于，担心，挂念 13.close at hand 就在眼前；在附近 14.be pleased to do 很高兴做某事 题型三、一词多用 approve 1. I told my mother I wanted to leave school and she ____________ (approve). 2. I have to inform you that we can not approve ____________ it. 3. The course is approved ____________ the Department for Education. 4. I really hope my application can meet with your ____________ (approve). commitment 1. They made ____________ commitment to peace. 2. A career as an actor requires one hundred per cent ____________ (commitment). 3. Achieving success at this level requires a commitment ____________ time and energy. 【答案】 approve 1. I told my mother I wanted to leave school and she approved.(vi.同意) 2. I have to inform you that we can not approve of it.(vi.批准) 3. The course is approved by the Department for Education.(vt.认可) 4. I really hope my application can meet with your approval. (n.同意) commitment 1. They made a commitment to peace.(n.承诺) 2. A career as an actor requires one hundred per cent commitment.(n.献身，奉献) 3. Achieving success at this level requires a commitment of time and energy.(n.投入) 题型四、单句语法填空 1．The question asked by the students was difficult _________ (handle). 2．He didn’t attend the meeting. That’s________ he had an urgent thing to deal with. 3．We had to face up to a number of seemingly_________ (contradict) concerns. 4．Lost in despair, the fellow didn’t know how_________ (handle) the embarrassing situation. 5．All the people, men and women, young and old, were fighting against the flood in _________ (defend) of their own homes. 6．The risk of _________ (infect) is much higher among children. 7．The blood on his shoes was a _________ (prove) of his guilt. 8．The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite_________ (prove). 9．These cattle are one of the_________ (pure) breeds in Britain. 10．_________ (initial), I thought I would only stay there for a year. 11．Objective assessment of the _________ (severe) of the problem was difficult. 12．The children were having fun, chasing each other’s________(shadow). 13．Over the past decades, sea ice________(decrease)in the Arctic as a result of global warming. 14．They help the body defend itself against some kinds of_________ (infect). 15．The past few months have seen Shantou _________ (transform) into a cleaner and more beautiful city. 16．A war ________ (break) out in the country many years ago. 17．The country had undergone a complete_________ (transform) in the past several decades. 18．Two__________(suspect)were arrested today in connection with the robbery. 19．He__________(suspect) of selling state secrets and arrested last month. 20．The___________（infect）seems quite mild, so she should be better soon. 21．Only a minority of the people subscribe ________ the suggestion that the tournament should be delayed. 22．Likewise, the ________(intervene) of mankind led to the chaos in ecology. 23．He made a long speech _____________ (defend) his views from objections. 24．They walked with their arms____________(link). 25．Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely __________(recover) at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 26．We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that is ________ (blame) for their son’s bad performance at school. 27．The hydrothermal vents form in volcanic ally active areas, _________ (pour) mineral-rich fluids into the sea. 28．His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching ________(assist) in class whose creativity would infect (感染) other students. 29．For the past five years the man has been employed as a shop________ (assist). 30．Thanks _________the Silence Machine, a British invention,you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. 31．As your ________ , I am responsible for  ________you in preparing the experiment.(assistance) 32．They have gathered the best__________ (statistic) they can find and run them through their own computers. 33．Ade and Brooks exchanged blows yesterday and they were __________ (severe) punished today. 34．China’s image is improving _________ (steady), with more countries recognizing its role in international affairs. 35．Frank Hurley, a confident and _________（gift）Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published. 36．That hotel doesn’t rate five stars _________all. 37．The more experienced you are, the easier it is to find fault _________other people's ideas. 38．Apart _________some spelling mistakes, the composition is fairly good. 39．Man is the only creature that is gifted _________speech. 40．He was charged _________murder and sentenced to death. 1．to handle 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：学生们问到的这个问题很难回答。这个问题很难回答也就是说在说话的当下问题还没有被回答，所以空格处用不定式。在“形容词+不定式”的结构中，如果不定式与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，用主动表被动，这句话中handle与句子主语the question是动宾关系，所以用主动表被动。故填to handle。 2．because 【详解】考查表语从句连接词。句意：他没有参加会议。那是因为他有急事要处理。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是表语从句，从句结构完整，所以应填连接副词，根据句意是表原因，所以应用because。故填because。 3．contradictory 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们不得不正视一些似乎相互矛盾的问题。此处修饰名词concerns，应用形容词contradictory，意为“相互矛盾的”，作定语。 4．to handle 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个人陷入绝望，不知道如何处理这种尴尬的局面。此处为疑问词+不定式作宾语，故填to handle。 5．defence 【详解】考查名词。句意：所有的人，男女老少，都在抗洪，保卫自己的家园。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“in defence of…”，意为“保卫……”，“defend”意为“保卫”，动词词性，“defence”意为“保卫”，为不可数名词，作介词“in”的宾语。故填defence。6．infection【详解】考查名词。句意：儿童感染的风险要高得多。作介词的宾语，应用名词infection，不可数。故填infection。 7．proof 【详解】考查名词。句意：他鞋子上的血是他犯罪的证据。根据句子结构，空处应填名词作表语，proof作“证据”讲时是可数名词，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填proof。 8．proof 【详解】考查名词。句意：缺乏任何确切的证据，这个案件被驳回。根据空格前的形容词definite“确切的”以及of可知，此处应填入其名词作宾语，proof意为“证据”，为可数名词，any后常用名词单数形式，故填proof。 9．purest 【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：这些牛是英国最纯正的品种之一。由句意以及空前的the可知，此空应该用形容词pure的最高级purest，在句中作定语。故填purest。 10．Initially 【详解】考查副词。句意：最初，我认为我只会在那儿待一年。Initial意为“最初的，开始的”，根据句子结构可知，空格处应填副词，作状语。故填Initially。 11．severity 【详解】考查名词。句意：客观评估问题的严重性很困难。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作介词“of”的宾语，“severe”意为“十分严重的”，形容词词性，对应的名词为“severity”，意为“严重性”，为不可数名词。故填severity。 12．shadows 【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们玩得很开心，追逐着彼此的影子。shadow意为“影子”时，为可数名词，且根据句意可知，“彼此的影子”说明不止一人，所以用复数。 13．has been decreasing 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，由于全球变暖，北极的海冰一直在减少。结合语境和时间状语over the past decades可知，此处表示动作发生在过去，持续到现在，并且将来也有可能发生，应使用现在完成进行时，句中主语为sea ice为单数，助动词用has。故填has been decreasing。 14．infections 【详解】考查名词。句意：它们帮助身体抵御某些类型的感染。介词of后用名词作宾语，此处infection为可数名词。由前面的some kinds of可知此处应用复数形式。 15．transformed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：过去的几个月见证了汕头转变成一个更干净美丽的城市。此处Shantou和transform之间是被动关系，have seen为谓语。故应用过去分词表被动，在句中作宾补，故填transformed。16．broke 【详解】句意：许多年前，在这个国家爆发了一场战争。根据many years ago（许多年前）可知，句子为一般过去时，break out爆发，固定短语，break的过去式为broke。 17．Transformation 【详解】考查名词。句意：在过去的几十年里，这个国家经历了彻底的变革。分析句子可知，空处前的形容词complete修饰空处，此处应填名词作宾语，结合语意可知，此处意为“ 变化，改革”，空处前有不定冠词a，故空处应填名词单数形式transformation。故填transformation。 18．suspects 【详解】考查名词。句意：今天逮捕了两名与抢劫案有关的嫌疑犯。分析句子和句意可知，空处要用表示人的名词作主语，suspect意为“嫌疑犯”是可数名词。故填suspects。 19．was suspected 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他被怀疑出卖国家机密，上个月被捕。根据时间状语last month可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，suspect与主语he之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是he，be动词应用was。 20．infection 【详解】考查名词。句意：感染似乎很轻微，所以她应该很快就会好起来。冠词后用名词，infect名词是infection，做主语。故填infection。 21．to 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：只有少数人同意推迟比赛的建议。subscribe to sth.是固定搭配，译为“同意某事”，故填to。 22．intervention 【详解】考查名词。句意：同样，人类的介入导致了生态学的混乱。根据句意及句子结构the…of可知，设空处应填不可数名词intervention，表示“介入”。 23．defending 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他发表了长篇演讲，为自己的观点辩护，以免遭到反对。分析句子可知，谓语动词为“made”，动词defend与其逻辑主语He之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式的非谓语作状语，故填defending。 24．linked 【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：他们挽着胳膊走。句中的谓语动词为walked，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构作状语，arms与link之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动。故填linked。 25．to recover 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：与看到建筑物或天空的患者相比，看到窗外树枝的医院患者康复速度可能更快。be likely to do sth.“可能做某事”。故填to recover。 26．to blame 【详解】 考查不定式。句意：我们都觉得，他们儿子在学校的糟糕表现要归咎于杰克和他的妻子。固定用法：be to blame“对某事应负责任的，应受责备的”，其中不定式to blame主动形式表被动意义，在句中作表语。故填to blame。 27．pouring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：热液喷口形成于火山活动区域，将富含矿物质的流体注入海洋。分析句子结构可知pour在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语The hydrothermal vents 构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填pouring。 28．assistant 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的出现意味着我在课堂上有一个意想不到的助教，他的创造力会影响到我 。形容词unexpected修饰名词，teaching assistant“助教”，由不定冠词修饰用单数，故填assistant。 29．assistant 【详解】考查名词。句意：在过去的五年里，该男子一直受雇为一名店员。分析可知，所填空应是名词，表示一种职业。“assist”，动词，意为“帮助；协助”，其名词形式为“assistance(帮助)”和“assistant(助手；助理)”，其中“assistant”符合句意和语境。“a shop assistant”意为“一名售货员/店员”。故填assistant。 30．to 【详解】考查介词。句意：多亏了英国发明的消音机，你可以在不让孩子或他的父母心烦的情况下消除这种声音。thanks to“多亏；幸亏；由于”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填to。 31． assistant     assisting 【详解】考查名词和非谓语动词。句意：作为你的助手，我负责协助你准备实验。第一空，放在介词as“作为”后用名词作宾语，表示“助手”，用assistant，根据下文I可知此处为单数名词；第二空，be responsible for“对……负责”，for为介词，后面用动名词assisting作宾语。故填：①assistant；②assisting。 32．statistics 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们收集了他们能找到的最好的统计数据，并在自己的电脑上运行。由空后人称代词宾格them可知，空处需用名词statistic的复数statistics“统计数据”作宾语。故填statistics。 33．severely 【详解】考查副词。句意：艾德和布鲁克斯昨天打了起来，今天他们受到了严厉的惩罚。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词punished，severe的副词为severely“严厉地”。 34．steadily 【详解】考查副词。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，越来越多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。修饰动词improve应用副词 steadily，作状语。故填steadily。 35．gifted 【详解】考查形容词。句意：弗兰克·赫利是一名自信且有天赋的澳大利亚摄影师，他熟悉南极，被雇来拍摄这些照片，其中大部分之前从未发表过。修饰名词 photographer应用形容词gifted（有天赋的）。故填gifted。 36．at 【详解】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：那家旅馆根本不算五星级。固定搭配not...at all（根本不、一点也不），用介词at。故填at。 37．with 【详解】考查介词/固定短语。句意：你越有经验，就越容易对别人的想法挑毛病。根据句意以及find fault可知此处应填入介词with，构成固定短语find fault with，表示“挑剔，批评”，故填with。 38．from 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：除了一些拼写错误，这篇作文相当好。apart from...为固定搭配，意为“除了......”，符合句意，故答案为from。 39．with 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：人类是唯一一个有语言天赋的物种。分析句子可知，此句含一个that引导的定语从句，根据句意可知，该从句中含be gifted with（有……的天赋）短语，空格后的speech作介词with的宾语，符合语境与逻辑意义。故填with。 40．with 【详解】考查短语。句意：他被指控犯有谋杀罪并被判处死刑。be charged with被指控。根据句意，故填with。 题型五、单词拼写 1.Itis a widely held belief that honesty and _________ (正直) are the qualities that a leader should be made of. 2.Kids make a person responsible and _________ (成熟的) and help us to understand life better . 3.Our teacher told us two moving stories, which showed a thankful heart is the greatest _________ (美德). 4.Dressing is a task which we do every day as a matter of _________ (惯例). 5.One of Leonardo da Vinci's most famous _________ (杰作)is Mona Lisa. 6 It was a wonderful occasion which we will_________ (珍视) for many years to come. 7.The coffee was almost too hot to _________ (吞咽) and made him choke for a moment. 8 After the operation you may find it difficult to _________ (咀嚼) and drink,you should allow a little time after a meal for the food to _________ (消化). 10.If climate changes continue , we will suffer many _________ (后果). 1．【答案】integrity 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们普遍认为，诚实和正直是领导者应具备的品质。根据汉语提示"正直"可知需填integrity，为抽象不可数名词，与honesty并列作主语，故填integrity。 2．【答案】mature 【详解】考查形容词。句意：孩子使人变得有责任感和成熟，并帮助我们更好地理解生活。根据汉语提示"成熟的"可知需填mature，为形容词作表语，与responsible并列，故填mature。 3.【答案】virtue 【详解】考查名词。句意：老师给我们讲了两个感人故事，表明感恩之心是最伟大的美德。根据汉语提示"美德"可知需填virtue，为可数名词单数形式，被greatest修饰，故填virtue。 4.【答案】routine 【详解】考查名词。句意：穿衣是我们每天按惯例要做的事情。根据汉语提示"惯例"可知需填routine，为不可数名词，固定搭配as a matter of routine表示"照例"，故填routine。 5.【答案】masterpieces 【详解】考查名词。句意：达芬奇最著名的杰作之一是《蒙娜丽莎》。根据汉语提示"杰作"可知需填masterpiece，由one of结构可知用复数形式，故填masterpieces。 6.【答案】cherish 【详解】考查动词。句意：这是个美好的时刻，未来多年我们都将珍视。根据汉语提示"珍视"可知需填cherish，为及物动词，接宾语occasion，will后接动词原形，故填cherish。 7.【答案】swallow 【详解】考查动词。句意：咖啡烫得几乎无法吞咽，让他呛了一下。根据汉语提示"吞咽"可知需填swallow，为及物动词，too hot to后接动词原形，故填swallow。 8.【答案】chew 【详解】考查动词。句意：术后你可能觉得咀嚼和饮水困难，餐后应留出时间让食物消化。根据汉语提示"咀嚼"可知需填chew，与drink并列作不定式，to后接动词原形，故填chew。 9.【答案】digest 【详解】考查动词。句意：（接上句）根据汉语提示"消化"可知需填digest，为及物动词，allow time for sth. to后接动词原形，故填digest。 10.【答案】consequences 【详解】考查名词。句意：若气候变化持续，我们将遭受诸多后果。根据汉语提示"后果"可知需填consequence，为可数名词，由many修饰用复数形式，故填consequences。 题型六、完成句子 1. He drinks what is left in his glass___________________. 他把杯子里剩下的东西当水一样全喝下去。 2__________________, but I don't know how. 我的确想改变这种现状，但我不知道该如何做。 3. We all have no opinion of the way___________________. 我们都认为他解决问题的方法不行。 4. The teacher spoke fast_____________________. 老师说得太快以至于我听不懂。 5. Before driving into the city, you are required to ______________. 在开车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。 【答案】 1. as if it were water 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他把杯子里剩下的东西当水一样全喝下去。根据中英文对照可知需补全方式状语，表示"如同...一样"用as if引导从句。因所述内容与事实不符（杯中物非水），故用were型虚拟语气。it指代前文what is left，故填as if it were water。 2. I do want to change this situation 【详解】考查强调结构。句意：我的确想改变这种现状，但我不知道该如何做。根据汉语"的确"可知需用do强调动词want，构成"do+动词原形"的强调结构。this situation对应"这种现状"，故填I do want to change this situation。 3. in which he solved the problem 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们都认为他解决问题的方法不行。根据汉语提示需补全the way的定语从句。way作先行词时，关系词可用in which/that/省略，solve the problem为固定搭配，故填in which he solved the problem。 4. so that I couldn't understand it 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：老师说得太快以至于我听不懂。根据"以至于"可知需用so that引导结果状语从句，couldn't表示能力缺失，it指代老师说话内容，故填so that I couldn't understand it。 5. have your car washed 【详解】考查使役结构。句意：在开车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。根据"将车洗了"可知需用have sth. done结构表示让别人完成动作，your与主语you保持人称一致，故填have your car washed。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （2024-2025学年高二下期末·吉林省白山市抚松县第一中学）China’s traditional tea-making techniques and the _____1_____ (associate) social practices successfully became UNESCO’s intangible (无形的) cultural heritage. “Stove-boiled tea”, a new way of drinking tea, ____2____ (become) popular in China recently. Usually, people roast tea leaves ____3____ (light) before storing them, sometimes add rosebuds or sweet-scented Osmanthus (桂花), and put them in a pot over charcoal-filled stove. The art of boiling tea is a time-consuming process ____4____ requires constant attention to the temperature in order to properly “cook” it. It’s such ____5____ pleasure to chat with friends while having this new style of tea. People sit around the stove and have snacks such as fruits, nuts in the desert with their hot tea. Some also post their moments of stove-boiled tea on the internet while wearing ____6____ (tradition) hanfu in some ancient tea houses. “Stove-boiled tea” is also a latest “Guo Chao” or “National Trend” to mix Chinese cultural ____7____ (element) with people’s daily lives. Similar ____8____ other trends such as cycling and camping, “stove-boiled tea” reflects young people’s desire ____9____ (escape) from cities in order to embrace nature. You may have heard of latte art, but have you heard of a similar art in a cup of tea? Apart from “the stove-boiled tea”, Dian Cha is also a tea art from the Song Dynasty. During the Dian Cha making process, the froth and tea paste act like paper and ink, _____10_____ (allow) artists to create delicate patterns. 【答案】1. associated 2. has become##becomes 3. lightly 4. that##which 5. a 6. traditional 7. elements 8. to 9. to escape 10. allowing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在中国日益兴起的一种把中国文化元素融入人们日常生活中的“国潮”——“围炉煮茶”。 1.考查形容词。句意：中国传统制茶技艺及其相关的习俗已成功列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。空处作修饰social practices的定语，形容词associated符合题意，意为“相关的，关联的”。故填associated。 2.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：围炉煮茶是一种新的饮茶方式，已经在中国流行起来。空处作句子的谓语，结合“recently”可知，时态可用现在完成时，表示过去的状态持续到现在，或用一般现在时，表示刚刚完成的状态，且主语是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has become/becomes。 3.考查。句意：一般而言，人们在煮茶前会将茶叶轻微烘焙，再将茶叶放入壶中，有时也会加入玫瑰花蕾或桂花，放在装满木炭的炉子上煮。空处修饰动词roast，应用副词lightly，意为“轻微地”。故填lightly。 4.考查定语从句。句意：煮茶的过程很耗时，需要时刻注意温度才能将茶煮好。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词process，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。 5.考查冠词。句意：用这种新的方式喝着茶，与朋友聊着天，着实是一种享受。空处表示泛指，意为“一种令人愉悦的事物，一种享受”，应用不定冠词，且pleasure的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 6.考查形容词。句意：在一些老式的茶馆里，有些人还会穿着传统的汉服，将他们围炉煮茶的时刻发到网上。空处作修饰hanfu的定语，形容词traditional符合题意，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。 7.考查名词的数。句意：围炉煮茶也是新近“国潮”的一种形式，它将中国文化元素融入人们的日常生活中。空处作mix的宾语，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词element“元素”应用复数形式。故填elements。 8.考查介词。句意：和骑行、露营的流行相似，围炉煮茶反映了年轻人逃离城市、拥抱自然的渴望。be similar to是固定短语，意为“与……相似”。故填to。 9.考查非谓语动词。句意：和骑行、露营的流行相似，围炉煮茶反映了年轻人逃离城市、拥抱自然的渴望。名词desire后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的渴望”。故填to escape。 10.考查非谓语动词。句意：在点茶的制作过程中，茶沫类似纸张，而茶膏则像墨汁，艺术家以此创作出精致的图案。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，allow“使能够”和the froth and tea paste逻辑上是主动关系，因此用allow的现在分词形式，作状语。故填allowing。 题型二、应用文写作 （2024-2025高二下开学考·河北名校大联考）假定你是李华，最近你校英文报计划增设一个“School Life”的新版块，需要刊登一些记录同学们的校园生活的文章。请你给交换生Alex写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 增设目的； 2. 约稿要求； 3. 鼓励他投稿。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alex, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Alex, So thrilled am I to tell you a brand-new section “School Life” in our school English newspaper. Designed to record our colorful campus experiences among us, it’s not just a column; it’s a platform where we can connect, inspire each other, and celebrate the essence of our school days. Stories about your joyful moments in school with vivid details and positive themes are warmly welcomed. Submissions, which should be 200 — 300 words long, must be creative, genuine, and submitted to schoolnewspaper@domain.com. Do not let this opportunity to share your unique stories slip away. We can’t wait to receive your works! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给交换生Alex写一封邮件，为他介绍校英文报计划增设新版块的目的，说明约稿的要求，并鼓励他投稿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled→exhilarated, excited记录：record→document机会：opportunity→chance 独特的：unique→distinctive 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Stories about your joyful moments in school with vivid details and positive themes are warmly welcomed. 拓展句：Stories about your joyful moments in school, which include vivid details and positive themes, are warmly welcomed. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Designed to record our colorful campus experiences among us, it’s not just a column; it’s a platform where we can connect, inspire each other, and celebrate the essence of our school days. (运用了where引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Submissions, which should be 200 — 300 words long, must be creative, genuine, and submitted to schoolnewspaper@domain.com. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 14 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$